WhatsApp Research Articles

Tips dan Trik Penulisan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas di Lembata

Classroom action training begins with the problem of teachers who are still minimal in writing. The service team found that many teachers had not been able to combine observations in class. This research is a way for teachers to research in the classroom to find problems in the learning process. The teacher found many problems related to learning, namely process design, media, learning techniques, and learning outcomes. To realize good classroom action research techniques, training is done. Some teachers have not been able to write a good scientific paper. So the service team trains skilled teachers in writing. The service method begins with team formation, formulation of goals, and communication with the head of the Ministry of Religion office, then the analysis of needs in the field, determination of solutions to service problems and implementation. This training produces groups of writer teachers according to their respective fields. The team found already teachers who made classroom action research, but difficult in pouring it into the article. So that the team assists in writing classroom action research articles that will be published in journals. Follow-up assistance is carried out in the Whatsapp Messenger group.

Influence of digital media in the oral health education of mother-child pairs: study protocol of a parallel double-blind randomized clinical trial

BackgroundDental caries is the most common non transmissible chronic disease in childhood and the control of dental biofilm in children is one of the greatest challenges in oral disease prevention. Digital media applications can help patients in improving their oral hygiene performance and reducing the number of appointments due to pain and discomfort reasons. This study aims to investigate the use of an smartphone application (WhatsApp) to deliver oral health education to mother-child pairs, with the ultimate goal of controlling dental biofilm and caries through digital activities focused on oral hygiene.MethodsThis study was designed as a randomized, double-blind, parallel clinical trial involving 100 pairs of mothers and children (6–12 years old). The mothers and children will be randomly allocated to the control group (n = 50 pairs), who will receive a single visit conventional oral health education, or to the experimental group (n = 50 pairs), who will receive both a single visit conventional oral health education and educational videos through WhatsApp Messenger, twice a week. Before randomization of the groups and after the intervention, pairs will be evaluated regarding to plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and number of decayed, missing and filled permanent or primary teeth (DMF-T) modified by the inclusion of active non-cavitated carious lesions (Nyvad criteria). Socioeconomic data, dental history, and oral health literacy will obtained using questionnaires (Oral Health Literacy Assessment Task for Paediatric Dentistry; BOHLAT-P). Chi-square, Student’s t-test, paired Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Friedman tests will be used with a 5% significance level.DiscussionThis intervention proposal is designed to motivate behavioral change in mother-child pairs. We hypothesize that adding digital media to traditional oral health programs will provoke improvements in oral hygiene behavior and health outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the effect of educational videos communicated by digital media (WhatsApp) on the oral health of mother-child pairs evaluated by long-term dental examinations. In addition, we will assess the maternal level of comprehension of the provided information via a literacy assessment tool. The clinical trial is registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (No. RBR-7s8bw6m).

Vehicular Safety Model: A Phase-Wise Vehicular Catastrophe Prevention Model

Abstract: Driver drowsiness is one of the major causes of road accidents. Furthermore the existing technologies to detect drowsiness in a driver lack in terms of classifying the stages of drowsiness in a driver, which fails to prevent drowsiness at its initial stages. The Proposed system detects drowsiness in a driver through stage-wise classification. Hence drowsiness is detected in three stages. On stage one, the system rings a vocal alert to the driver. On Stage two, the system sounds an alert and on stage three, the system sends a whats app message, an email to the given emergency email-id and the location of the driver to the supporting android application. The system also consists of theft prevention system, where when activated the system performs facial recognition on the driver. If the driver is a registered driver, the system continues to monitor, else the system sends a notification to the driver on the supporting mobile application.

The effects of family-centered empowerment model on depression, anxiety, and stress of the family caregivers of patients with COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial

BackgroundTaking care of patients with Covid-19 is regarded as a challenging task for family caregivers. Hence, a Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) should help them achieve greater psychological strength throughout the home healthcare process.MethodsThis study is a randomized clinical trial with two groups; besides, pre-test and post-test designs were conducted based on the CONSORT checklist from April to July 2020, in Iran. Seventy family caregivers were randomly assigned to FCEM (n = 35) and control (n = 35) groups. Then, four stages of FCEM in four online sessions were provided to the participants of the intervention group via WhatsApp messenger. The procedure started at the patient's discharge and continued for two weeks. The demographic information questionnaire and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) were employed before and five days after the FCEM sessions to gather the required data.ResultsThe sample was made up of 55.8% women and 44.2% men caregivers, with a mean age of 42.5 years. The results demonstrated a substantial difference in the average score of stress (p = 0.023), anxiety (p = 0.003), and depression (p = 0.012).ConclusionsThe combination of a face-to-face orientation session and online methods of FCEM is likely to lower stress, anxiety, and depression in family caregivers, which can be contributed to the practicability, simplicity, and effectiveness of this home health intervention.Trial registrationThis study (no. IRCT20180429039463N2) was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on 10/04/2020.

SOCIAL CONFLICT IN PUBLIC SERVICES PROGRAM: A CASE IN HANDLING COVID-19 IN KELURAHAN WANASARI BEKASI REGENCY

Social conflicts in the community, both small and major conflicts, are common phenomena that often arise. This also occurs in public service activities carried out by the government. The problem is how these problems arise in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic until the end of 2021. This research uses the case study method, while the data is collected using the PAR (Participation Action Research) method. This study shows that in the handling of the program during this pandemic, social conflicts emerged, although only at the level of social media, especially through WhatsApp (WA) but had implications for the response of citizens who participated in the vaccination program. The results of this study recommend the need for efforts to develop better public policies and the socialization process to increase public political participation in supporting government programs.

Urgensi Penggunaan Tata Bahasa yang Baik dalam Berkomentar di Aplikasi Media Sosial Tiktok Terhadap Kesehatan Mental dan Pembentukan Karakter pada Siswa SMP dan SMA

This study aims to describe the psychological impact of toxic language in the comment section and the urgency of using good language on TikTok relating to mental health and character development, especially for high school students. This study used a qualitative method for data analysis by involving high school students aged 12-17 years old. Moreover, it uses questionnaires using a Google form that is shared with the respondents using linked messages via WhatsApp messenger and adding additional data with some screenshots from TikTok for the data collection. The hermeneutic technique is also used for the data analytics technique. The results of this study indicated that junior high school students used the TikTok application more often than high school students. In addition, there were still many negative comments with toxic language found by middle and high school students on social media, especially on TikTok. It can affect the quality of their mental health and their character development. Thus, students should be able to apply filter culture before sharing and still need supervision from the surrounding environment, such as teachers and parents.

English Language Teaching Online Class During Covid-19 Era

Online learning is a transitional form of the education system in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. This is attempted as a form of continuing education by utilizing the Zoom, WhatsApp (WA), Google Form, and Google Meet applications. This study attempts to describe English learning activities at SMP IT Ad-Durrah Medan which implements an online learning system via WhatsApp. The data collection process was carried out systematically using interview techniques (also via online via google form). The results of this study indicate that online learning systems are considered appropriate as an alternative to maintaining the sustainability of the educational process in the Covid-19 era, including those practiced by education providers at SMP IT Ad-Durrah Medan. The reason for using the WhatsApp application is based on the familiarity of the application among teachers, students, and student guardians. The process of learning activities, assignments, and learning assessments are carried out virtually by educators during the Covid-19 pandemic. Likewise, the weaknesses of the online learning system are obtained, namely the internet signal is often weak so that it is slow to access search pages on google and student learning facilities are still limited.

BAHASA GAUL SEBAGAI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI BUDAYA DI ZAMAN MILENIAL

This study aims to discuss (1) adolescent slang in the form of abbreviations in the WhatsApp(WA) group of national-level short story writing competitions, (2) youth slang in the form ofwords in the WA group, and (3) slang as a medium of cultural communication in the millennialera. The research method uses qualitative methods. The research data were taken from two WAgroups in the national-level short story writing competition. Data collection techniques usinglistening and tapping techniques. The time used for data collection is half a year, from July2021 to December 2021. The results show ten forms of abbreviations and fifteen forms ofwords. Ten forms of abbreviations used by teenagers in chatting in the WA group of nationallevel
 short story writing competitions have variety, including abbreviations in English andIndonesian. The fifteen-word forms used by teenagers in chatting in the group also varied; ninewords came from English, six words came from Indonesian, there were variations inIndonesian words whose spellings were reversed (from the middle and behind), and There weretwo Jakarta dialect words. These findings represent adolescent self-identity. Communicationin the form of chatting is a youth culture, so there is a national-level short story writingcompetition in the WA group, which feels that teenagers tend to use slang. The number ofEnglish teenagers use in cultural communication shows that they want to be seen as modernand cool. By being looked at like that, teenagers feel happy and proud because they feel theyare not out of date. The findings from the study show that millennial youth have creativity incommunicating through abbreviations and variations of English to represent the context ofcontemporary culture that is modern, cool, and proud.

THE STUDENTS' MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH FROM HOME AT SMA NEGERI 3 LUWU

This study aimed to determine The Students' Motivation in Learning English From Home. The method of this research was the descriptive qualitative method. Data for the research was collected through interviews (semi-structured interviews) with WhatsApp (WA) as a data collection tool.The sample for this research was students of class XI IPA SMA Negeri 3 Luwu. Samples were taken using the purposive sampling technique.Based on the results of the study, the researchers found that learning English from home makes students tend to be lazy and their learning motivation decreases because it is influenced by extrinsic motivation, such as the environment, teachers, and parents.In the environment part, conditions at home cause a lot of disturbances when starting the lesson, whether it's the sound of chickens, television, car horns, or the sound of motorcycles that interfere.In the teacher part, the teacher is an important factor in aspiring for the implementation of these functions by meeting the needs of students. These needs include physiological needs, the need for safety and security, the need to be accepted and loved, the need for self-esteem, and the need for self-realization.In the parents part, lack of parental attention when studying from home means that learning interest is reduced. Parents who are busy with their work make their children feel neglected. This condition certainly requires parents and families to accompany children, especially in the learning process. The active role of parents and families in children's education, especially during the pandemic, is very important, especially since the role of teachers and educational institutions is more limited in scope. There is a very close and significant relationship between online learning and student learning motivation. Learning motivation was very influential on learning from home.

Humour in Relevance Theory: A Contextual Analysis of Tasi’s Poetry

This study aims at exploring Tariq Tasi's poetry during the first spell of COVID-19 when face-to-face human interaction was drastically limited. He kept writing on contemporary issues using satire as a literary genre that employs humor, irony and ridicule to highlight social issues.This study is delimited to Tasi's Urdu poetry shared on Whats App in the months of March, April and May 2020 in the post-COVID-19 scenario. The discourse has been analyzed using the conceptual framework of DanSperber and Deirdre Wilson's (2006) relevance theory of humor using discourse analysis as a research method. The analysis reveals how using asocial media app as a swift means of circulation, the poet highlights contemporary social issues and follies of human behavior to which people can relate quite easily and further circulate to create ripples in the human minds to ponder. His poetry presents the sudden desolation of the world because of the unseen, unimaginably strong enemy called Corona that changed the world.

Penerapan Computer Mediated Communication Mobile Application Mall Sampah Sebagai Layanan Penjemputan Sampah di Era Digital

Mall Sampah is present as a solution in effective and efficient waste management that seeks to utilize waste, which has the advantage of added value and utilizes mobile application-based technology. The purpose of this study is to explore the application of CMC in a mobile application-based garbage collection service in the digital era. The research method used in this study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. With data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews with informants. The results of the study found that the application of CMC in the Garbage Mall application can fulfill three important assumptions in CMC, namely communication as a process of exchanging information, where in this application communication interactions have been built between Garbage Mall users and collectors, then mediation acts as a technology that can assist in transferring information such as the Garbage Mall application and several supporting platforms in user communication and garbage pickers such as Whatsapp Messenger, email and telephone, after that the last basic assumption is that the computer is a tool in running technology so that humans can still interact with each other such as using cell phones/ smartphone.

PELAYANAN PROGRAM DISDUKCAPIL ONLINE DALAM PENERBITAN KARTU IDENTITAS ANAK DI DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL KOTA BANJARMASIN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

The purpose of the research is to find out how the Online Disdukcapil program services in the Issuance of Children's Identity Cards in the Banjarmasin City Population and Civil Registration Office. This study uses qualitative descriptive methods. The results showed that the Population and Civil Registration Office of Banjarmasin city had carried out public services according to service standards in the manufacture of KIA, where the service was carried out online using the WhatsApp (WA) application via android phone, the cost incurred was only ten thousand rupiah to pay for postal courier services that would deliver KIA to the applicant who made it. The provision of facilities and infrastructure has been adequate in accordance with the Covid-19 health protocol, and place competent officers so as to facilitate in the provision of services. In the results of this study, many people still do not know and understand about this service and socialization is needed how this service should be obtained by the community. Lack of interest in parents to register for KIA, the absence of sanctions rules from the government or sanctions written in the policy for the community, especially parents whose children do not have a kia even though kia is required, there is still a lack of cooperation with business partnerships In addition there are also some technical obstacles, especially from the internet network and not all people have android phones and understand the mechanism of online services.
 
 Keywords: Online Service, Child Identity Card, Population Office and Civil Registration

PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI WHATSAPP (WA) MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA MATERI MENYAJIKAN RINGKASAN TEKS EKSPLANASI DI KELAS 5 SD DALAM MASA PANDEMI COVID 19

In online learning there are problems including problems with teachers, students, and parents of students. The objectives of this study include knowing the online learning scenario using the WhatsApp (WA) application, knowing the difficulties and obstacles faced by teachers and students, knowing the responses of teachers and students, knowing the teaching materials, lks, and assignments given, knowing what efforts the teacher should do so that online learning using the WhatsApp (WA) application can run more effectively. The WhatsApp (WA) application is a social media application for communicating, users can receive and send messages, photos, videos and files. During the Covid 19 pandemic, the WhatsApp (WA) application is very suitable for use in online learning. The subjects of this study were 12 grade students from 2 schools. The first school is at SDN 065 Cihampelas in Bandung City and the second is at SDN 031 Pelesiran Kota Bandung. The results of the problems found in online-based learning on explanatory text learning materials, students find it difficult to consult with the teacher, because the explanatory text requires clear explanations to find out the parts of the structure and the kinds of linguistic rules contained in the explanatory text. The conclusion of the success of this online learning requires full help and support from parents. The solution that can be done with online learning is collaboration between teachers, parents, and students. keywords: online learningusing the WhatsApp (WA) application, presents a summary of the explanatory text

Pengiriman Pesan Whatsapp Massal Otomatis dengan XPath Address Finder, Checker, dan Fitur Update

WhatsApp is a reliable, secure, simple calling and messaging service that is available for free. This service was originally developed as the short message service alternative, and now supports location, document, video, photo, and text exchange features. This service has over two billion active users in one hundred and eighty countries. With some of these advantages, this service can be used as an alternative to SMS to convey information in bulk. For example, broadcasting information or reminders of certain things or advertising. By using WhatsApp, the costs required for the broadcasting process will be very small compared to using SMS. However, it would be very inefficient and time-consuming if the process of broadcasting the information was still done manually by retyping or copy-pasting messages from target to target. This reseach aims to develop an application that can automate the process of sending mass messages automatically through the WhatsApp service. In addition, a Virtual Contact File creation feature was also developed to help users add contacts from targets. To improve the adaptability to HTML structure changes on the WhatsApp Web website, an XPath address update feature on key elements was also developed. To support the update feature, the XPath address finder and checker on certain elements in a web page function were also developed.

Nurse-led reinforced education by mobile messenger improves the quality of bowel preparation of colonoscopy in a population-based colorectal cancer screening program: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundAdequate bowel preparation is an important colonoscopy quality indicator. Reinforced education is effective in improving bowel preparation quality of colonoscopy with mixed indications. However, it remains unclear whether such improvement can be consistently observed in pre- and post-irrigation during colonoscopy in screening population. ObjectiveWe aimed to study the effectiveness of nurse-led reinforced education delivered via mobile messenger (WhatsApp Messenger) on pre- and post-irrigation bowel preparation adequacy in colonoscopies for positive fecal immunochemical test in a population-based colorectal cancer screening program. DesignRandomized controlled trial. SettingA hospital-based endoscopy centre in Hong Kong, China. ParticipantsPatients undergoing colonoscopy for positive fecal immunochemical test in a population-based colorectal cancer screening program. MethodsThe recruited patients were randomized to receive either WhatsApp Reinforced Education (WRE) or No Reinforced Education (NRE) (1:1). Patients in WRE group received one-off reinforced education of bowel preparation in text and video formats via WhatsApp Messenger four days prior to colonoscopy sent by investigator while NRE group received standard-of-care only.Primary outcome was the bowel preparation adequacy rate as evaluated by Aronchick Scale. Secondary outcomes included bowel preparation adequacy rate as evaluated by Boston Bowel Preparation Scale, adenoma detection rate and risk factors of bowel preparation inadequacy. Continuous variables were described as means with standard deviation (SD) and analyzed with Student's t-test. The Pearson Chi Square Test or Fisher Exact Test was used to assess categorical variables when appropriate. Risk factors were determined by logistic regression. ResultsFrom July 2017 to April 2019, 685 eligible patients were randomized to WRE (n = 343) and NRE (n = 342) groups. Patients in WRE group had higher bowel preparation adequacy rate as evaluated by Aronchik Scale (83.4% vs 75.4%, p = 0.010) and Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (94.2% vs 88.9%, p = 0.013). Adenoma detection rate was higher in WRE group but without statistical significance (71.4% vs 67.5%, p = 0.27). In logistic regression, WhatsApp Reinforced Education reduced the inadequate bowel preparation risk (Adjusted odds ratio: 0.564; 95% confidence interval: 0.371–0.856, p = 0.007). Male gender (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.638; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.054–2.546, p = 0.028) and diabetes (AOR: 2.062; 95% CI: 1.215–3.497, p = 0.007) were risk factors of bowel preparation inadequacy. ConclusionsNurse-led mobile messenger-initiated reinforced education improves both pre- and post-irrigation bowel preparation quality of screening colonoscopy following positive fecal immunochemical test. It is readily incorporable in clinical practice because of its low setup cost. Registration numberRegistered on 4 July 2017 on https://clinicaltrials.gov/ (NCT03209739).

Lessons from Covid-19 Pandemic: Students’ Remote Learning Preferences in Malaysia

The unexpectedly disruptive period is currently being reinforced with improved ideas and approaches to meet the needs of the pupils. With pandemic tiredness and digital exhaustion being highlighted, a better understanding of students' learning preferences must be updated regularly during unprecedented times. This mixed-method study seeks to identify and explore students’ preferences based on their remote learning experiences in a public university in Malaysia. An online survey was used to gather the data for the analysis to identify the students’ preferences over the platform used, assessment types, and schedule preferences. In addition, the students’ suggestions were gathered to get more insights from their perspectives. The results revealed students preferred Google Meet, WhatsApp Messenger, and Google Classroom as the medium for delivery. On the other hand, the students favoured shorter time spent and early time slots for online class scheduling. They also preferred quizzes as the most preferred type of assessment. Lastly, students suggested considering various factors to conduct successful remote learning namely empathy from the lecturer, student engagement, students’ readiness, students’ accessibility, content delivery, flexibility, and motivation. Conclusively, the implication of this study will contribute to the body of the literature on remote learning during a pandemic. Moreover, educators in tertiary education could utilise the students’ preferences as feedback to enhance their teaching and learning delivery during remote learning. This study was limited by the absence of lecturers’ preferences and suggestions. Future studies that investigate other perspectives could create a common ground between educators and learners.

The Community Empowerment in Kelapa Dua, Depok, through Hygiene Tempeh Production Training

Many people from various communities still do not understand the value of tempeh as a healthy food item. Therefore, to improve the public knowledge about the nutritional values of tempeh, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia chose the community of Bhayangkari women from Ranting, Kelapa Dua, Depok, as the target partners in the community service program. This community, which consisted of housewives of police officers, was considered the right target because they had the role of providing healthy food for their families. In addition to providing knowledge about the importance of consuming tempeh as healthy food, the team also trained the community to produce hygienic tempeh. The activities included three stages, i.e., preparation, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation. The program preparation involved the registration of the participants, the preparation of the seminar materials, and the procurement of materials and tools for the tempeh production. Next, the implementation stage consisted of education and training activities conducted via WhatsApp (WA) and Zoom meetings. Finally, the monitoring and evaluation stage was conducted via WA to assess the tempeh production process. Through this community service program, it is evident that all the participants could be trained on how to make hygienic tempeh easily. The guidelines to produce tempeh were also easy to understand and readily available for public use. Overall, the participants became more aware of the health benefits of tempeh.

Delivering Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Insomnia, Pain, and Dysfunctional Eating Through a Text Messaging App: Three Randomized Controlled Trials Investigating the Effectiveness and Mediating Mechanisms.

BackgroundAlthough text messaging has the potential to be the core intervention modality, it is often used as an adjunct only. To improve health and alleviate the distress related to insomnia, pain, and dysregulated eating of people living in urban areas, text messaging–based mindfulness-based interventions were designed and evaluated in 3 randomized controlled trials.ObjectiveThis study investigated the effectiveness and mediating mechanisms of text messaging–based mindfulness-based interventions for people with distress related to insomnia, pain, or dysregulated eating.MethodsIn these trials, 333, 235, and 351 participants were recruited online and randomized to intervention and wait-list control conditions for insomnia, pain, and dysregulated eating, respectively. Participants experienced 21 days of intervention through WhatsApp Messenger. Participants completed pre-, post-, 1-month follow-up, and 3-month follow-up self-report questionnaires online. The retention rates at postmeasurements were 83.2% (139/167), 77.1% (91/118), and 72.9% (129/177) for intervention groups of insomnia, pain, and dysregulated eating, respectively. Participants’ queries were answered by a study technician. Primary outcomes included insomnia severity, presleep arousal, pain intensity, pain acceptance, and eating behaviors. Secondary outcomes included mindfulness, depression, anxiety, mental well-being, and functional impairments. Mindfulness, dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, pain catastrophizing, and reactivity to food cues were hypothesized to mediate the relationship between the intervention and outcomes.ResultsFor all 3 studies, the intervention groups showed significant improvement on most outcomes at 1-month follow-up compared to their respective wait-list control groups; some primary outcomes (eg, insomnia, pain, dysregulated eating indicators) and secondary outcomes (eg, depression, anxiety symptoms) were sustained at 3-month follow-up. Medium-to-large effect sizes were found at postassessments in most outcomes in all studies. In the intervention for insomnia, mediation analyses showed that dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep mediated the effect of the intervention on all primary outcomes and most secondary outcomes at both 1-month and 3-month follow-ups, whereas mindfulness mediated the intervention effect on presleep arousal at 1-month and 3-month follow-ups. In the intervention for pain, pain catastrophizing mediated the effect of intervention on pain intensity and functioning at both 1-month and 3-month follow-ups, whereas mindfulness only mediated the effect of intervention on anxiety and depressive symptoms. In the intervention for dysregulated eating, power of food mediated the effect of intervention on both uncontrolled and emotional eating at both 1-month and 3-month follow-ups and mindfulness was found to mediate the effect on depressive symptoms at both 1-month and 3-month follow-ups.ConclusionsThese 3 studies converged and provided empirical evidence that mindfulness-based interventions delivered through text messaging are effective in improving distress related to sleep, pain, and dysregulated eating. Text messaging has the potential to be a core intervention modality to improve various common health outcomes for people living a fast-paced lifestyle.Trial RegistrationClinical Research and Biostatistics Clinical Trials Registry CUHK_CCRB00559; https://tinyurl.com/24rkwarz

Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, and Self-efficacy Among Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Poor oral health is recognized as a silent epidemic. Numerous individual and structural barriers are related to oral health status. Oral health promotion is essential for the general health and well-being of health professionals. Objectives: This study aimed to assess oral health-related knowledge, attitude, behavior, and self-efficacy among healthcare professionals. Methods: The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 404 participants from all health personnel (female = 234, male = 170) in Khuzestan, Iran, in 2021. The sample was obtained using the simple random sampling method. Data collection tools included a valid and reliable questionnaire, including items on demographics, knowledge, self-efficacy, attitude, and behavior regarding oral health. The questionnaire link was sent to employees via WhatsApp messenger. Data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, and SPSS version 24. Results: The mean age of the participants was 37.38 ± 6.75. About 91% of the respondents had bachelor’s degree, and 91% were office employees. The mean score of knowledge (P < 0.001), attitude (P = 0.004), behavior (P = 0.023), and self-efficacy (P < 0.001) of women was more than men. Regular dental visits were more observed in single employees compared to married (2.38 times) and employees with diploma qualifications compared to bachelor (10 times) and PhD degrees (10 times). Conclusions: Demographic characteristics, oral health knowledge, attitude, and behavior of employees are intercorrelated with the frequency of dental clinic visits. Oral health promotion programs should be more focused on the improvement of oral health behaviors and practices, especially among males. Moreover, oral health programs should shift from focus on employees’ education to oral health practices and actions.

Triadic Analysis of Students' Self-Regulated Learning as a Response to Learning Support of Environmental Science Course

Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) reflects the development of learning independence, self-regulation in learning, self-management ability in the learning process, and the students' ability to manage learning experiences to obtain optimal learning outcomes. The development of SRL is a process of encouraging students' activity to foster the cognition and behavior aspects that demand systematic self-regulation to achieve the learners' learning goals. Thus, reflecting on students' SRL becomes an essential and strategic aspect of being explored and developed in learning management because it is fundamental to learning success. There are three main components that must be measured, namely self, environmental, and behavior. Each of the indicators of the three components interacts with each other. The analysis of the three components (triadic analysis) in order to develop students' SRL is a very urgent aspect for educators. This study aims to conduct a triadic analysis of students' SRL in response to the learning support of the Environmental science course. The population of this study is students of 3 courses, namely: Environmental Knowledge (Biology Education Study Program), Environmental Education (History Education Study Program) of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, and Environmental Sciences (History Study Program) of Faculty of Cultural Sciences, University of Jember. The sample of this study was students who took the course and filled out the SRL's questionnaire in the form of a Google form distributed through social media, Whatsapp (WA). The result of this study shows that the condition of the learning environment that students respond to in the form of environmental self-regulation is on a positive average in the range above 80%. Likewise, the students' self-planning, self-efficacy, and self-evaluation responses are reflected in the form of self-regulation behavior in good condition (in the range above 80%). However, in the self-evaluation indicators, some students are inconsistent in self-planning and self-efficacy, which leads to non-achievement of the targets set.