Wet Type Research Articles

Identification of novel sub-phenotypes of severe ARDS requiring ECMO using latent class analysis

BackgroundSub-phenotyping of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) could be useful for evaluating the severity of ARDS or predicting its responsiveness to given therapeutic strategies, but no studies have yet investigated the heterogeneity of patients with severe ARDS requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO).MethodsWe conducted this retrospective multicenter observational study in adult patients with severe ARDS treated by V-V ECMO. We performed latent class analysis (LCA) for identifying sub-phenotypes of severe ARDS based on the radiological and clinical findings at the start of ECMO support. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to investigate the differences in mortality and association between the PEEP setting of ≥ 10 cmH2O and mortality by the sub-phenotypes.ResultsWe identified three sub-phenotypes from analysis of the data of a total of 544 patients with severe ARDS treated by V-V ECMO, as follows: Dry type (n = 185; 34%); Wet type (n = 169; 31%); and Fibrotic type (n = 190; 35%). The 90-days in-hospital mortality risk was higher in the patients with the Fibrotic type than in those with the Dry type (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.75 [1.10–2.79], p = 0.019) or the Wet type (1.50 [1.02–2.23], p = 0.042). The PEEP setting of ≥ 10 cmH2O during the first 3 days of ECMO decreased the 90-days in-hospital mortality risk only in patients with the Wet type, and not in those with the Dry or Fibrotic type. A significant interaction effect was observed between the Wet type and the PEEP setting of ≥ 10 cmH2O in relation to the 90-day in-hospital mortality (pinteraction = 0.036).ConclusionsThe three sub-phenotypes showed different mortality rates and different relationships between higher PEEP settings in the early phase of V-V ECMO and patient outcomes. Our data suggest that we may need to change our management approach to patients with severe ARDS during V-V ECMO according to their clinical sub-phenotype.

Comparative S/TEM study of superconducting Ta quantum resonators by wet and dry etching types

Superconducting resonators play a pivotal role in various quantum technology applications, such as quantum computing and high-frequency communication systems. The performance of these resonators is closely tied to the properties of the superconducting films used in their fabrication. In this study, we investigated the impact of wet and dry etching on tantalum (Ta) films leveraging advanced scanning transmission electron microscopy-based characterization methods and examined the morphological, chemical, and strain changes caused by the etching processes. Consequently, we report the significant differences between the two etching methods, with dry etching resulting in straight slanted sidewalls and a thinner oxidized layer, while wet etching produced curved sidewalls and undercuts. Both methods led to the formation of a residual Ta wedge at the lower part of the sidewall, causing lattice deformation, which could adversely influence the homogeneous operations of superconducting devices. These insights enhance our understanding of how etching influences superconducting films, offering valuable guidance for optimizing resonators and related devices. Our findings mark a significant stride in advancing quantum technologies and high-frequency communication by enhancing our practical understanding of superconducting material fabrication.

Nutrient Digestive Bypass: Determinants and Associations with Stool Quality in Cats and Dogs

The effect of digestive bypass macronutrients and age on stool quality (moisture and firmness) in dogs and cats is not well understood. Data were analyzed from digestibility tests (n = 2020, 361 dogs and 536 cats) including dry and wet product types. Both food and feces were measured for moisture and nutrients according to standard protocols; stool firmness was graded. Linear mixed modeling was used to evaluate the associations between nutrient bypass, age and stool quality. Bypass protein increased stool moisture (dog, cat p < 0.0001) and decreased firmness (dog p = 0.01, cat p < 0.0001), while bypass fiber decreased stool moisture and increased firmness (dog, cat p < 0.0001 for both). Both species manifested a negative quadratic effect of advanced age on stool firmness (dog p < 0.0001 and cat p = 0.02). However, the association of advanced age (quadratic effect) with metabolizable energy required to maintain body weight was different between species; dogs had a positive association (p = 0.028), while it was negative for cats (p < 0.0001). Taken together, these data may aid in the development of food formulations for companion animals, which can better meet changing nutritional needs across life stages.

Abstract C069: Unraveling the complexity of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: A comprehensive case study of diagnosis, clinical features, and therapeutic challenges in a 75-year-old male

Abstract Introduction: Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive intra-abdominal neoplasm originating from mesothelial cells. Although asbestos exposure is a known risk factor, MPM's molecular pathogenesis differs from its pleural counterpart. Case Presentation: A 75-year-old male, with a past medical history of recently diagnosed mesothelioma, presented to the emergency department for a two-week progression of abdominal distension, early satiety, and dyspnea aggravated by activity. One year prior, he initiated medical evaluation for fluid retention and abdominal distension. A recent omental biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of mesothelioma, prompting the initiation of chemotherapy every three weeks. Despite paracentesis performed monthly, the patient experienced worsening shortness of breath and early satiety post-chemotherapy. Discussion: Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma poses a diagnostic challenge due to the absence of specific signs or symptoms. Common manifestations include abdominal distension, pain, early satiety, weight loss, dyspnea, chest pain, and fatigue. Rare symptoms encompass new-onset hernia, fever of unknown origin, night sweats, or incidental findings during physical examinations or laparoscopy. Delays in presentation and diagnosis contribute to the advanced stage at diagnosis, with most cases having already spread throughout the abdominal cavity. Three distinct presentations of MPM include the Dry Painful Type, characterized by abdominal pain with minimal ascites; the Wet Type, presenting with abdominal distension and ascites; and the Mixed Type, combining abdominal pain and distension. Paraneoplastic phenomena, such as fever, thrombocytosis, malignancy-related thrombosis, hypoglycemia, hypoalbuminemia, paraneoplastic hepatopathy, and rarely, Coombs-positive Hemolytic anemia, further complicate the clinical picture. Surgical gross and microscopic descriptions of liver biopsies indicated chronic hepatitis with mild portal inflammation, grade 1, and no fibrosis, stage 0. Notably, the omental biopsy confirmed Malignant Mesothelioma of the epithelioid type. Immunohistochemical stains supported the diagnosis, revealing positivity for CK AE1/AE3, calretinin, WT1, CK7 (focally), and GATA3 (focally), while testing negative for BAP1, CDX2, chromogranin, CK20, hepatocyte antigen, PAX8, PSA, synaptophysin, and TTF1. Due to the rarity of MPM, no standardized treatment protocols exist. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraoperative peritoneal perfusion with chemotherapy (HIPEC) are recommended for selected patients without extraperitoneal disease spread, possessing a good performance status and potential for complete surgical cytoreduction. Systemic chemotherapy, particularly pemetrexed-based regimens, is advocated for patients ineligible for CRS/HIPEC. Conclusion: MPM's aggressive nature poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The scarcity of standardized guidelines emphasizes the importance of ongoing research to enhance understanding, improve diagnostics, and develop targeted therapies Citation Format: Aliya M Khan, Mehmet Hepgur, Aryama Sharma. Unraveling the complexity of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: A comprehensive case study of diagnosis, clinical features, and therapeutic challenges in a 75-year-old male [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr C069.

A manual operated and eco-friendly plasma-assisted polymerization method for enhancing surface weather resistance of insulation

With the increasing demand for high-voltage long-distance power transmission, insulation as the first protection of power system, faces serious challenges from material degradation caused by moisture invading, surface contamination and pollution flashover. Addressing the issue requires significant effort and may cause harmful by-product emission from large-scale wet type material processing. In this work, a novel eco-friendly dry treatment method based on manual operated Air/Alkoxysilane(PMDMS)/plasma is developed to enhance weather resistance and electrical performances of contaminated insulation. Tiny amounts of harmless reaction medium are transmitted to plasma through controllable air bubbling, and it implements precise dry type processing on material surface. Plasma pulverizes pre-existing contamination and synchronously activates hydrolysis-polymerization of PMDMS to deposit Si-containing protection layer (Si-O2, Si-CH3) on surface. It is demonstrated that the plasma treatment inhibits dirt pollution and electrical erosion of on-site 110 kV silicone rubber (SIR), and the electrical and hydrophobicity properties are both promoted. Flashover voltage increases from 4.65 to 8.71 kV, and water contact angle increases from 138.27° to 146.41°. Overall, this newly-developed dry portable plasma treatment strategy for insulation enhancement avoids environment pollution and economic losses, and provides a scalable avenue for on-site insulation recovery and service life prolonging.

Collapse Pattern in Gypseous Soil using Particle Image Velocimetry

Abstract Gypseous soil is prevalent in arid and semi-arid areas, is from collapsible soil, which contains the mineral gypsum, and has variable properties, including moisture-induced volume changes and solubility. Construction on these soils necessitates meticulous assessment and unique designs due to the possibility of foundation damage from soil collapse. The stability and durability of structures situated on gypseous soils necessitate close collaboration with specialists and careful, methodical preparation. It had not been done to find the pattern of failure in the micromechanical behavior of gypseous sandy soil through particle image velocity (PIV) analysis. This adopted recently in geotechnical engineering to track the motion of soil grains and using tracer particles by applying digital particle image analysis. It has also been used to study the displacement distribution in some cases of granular materials. Therefore, the goal of this study is to find out how gypseous sand medium moves when in contact with a rigid strip foundation that is under static stress and plane strain conditions. The experimental model would focus on two common types of wetting, namely water table rise and dry conditions. The PIV showed that the collapse pattern under the footing is of the type of punching shear failure. The predominant mechanism of soil deformation was the vertical compression of the gypseous granular soil. The results showed that understanding gypseous sandy grain displacement and failure patterns at the local scale is crucial for enhancing the design of foundations under static stress conditions.

Comparative S/TEM Study of Superconducting Ta Quantum Resonators by Wet and Dry Etching Types

Comparative S/TEM Study of Superconducting Ta Quantum Resonators by Wet and Dry Etching Types

Unlocking the secrets of parasitic plants: A comparative study of the development and floral morphoanatomy of Pholisma (Lennoaceae)

Pholisma belongs to the family Lennoaceae, classified as obligate root holoparasites. Most existing studies are limited to addressing only P. arenarium. In this study, morphoanatomical and developmental aspects of flowers of the three species comprising Pholisma are described using histological embedding techniques in Paraplast and LR- White and observations by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Similarities found in the three species include the presence of trichomes on the sepals, each carpel folding independently. Each carpel has transmitting tissue, and an empty cavity is distinguished in the centre of the style. The stigma is crateriform and of the wet type. Sporogenesis, gametogenesis, and floral development follow a similar pattern in the three species. Differences among species include the position of the stamens, pollen morphology, type of inflorescence, and colour of flowers and inflorescences. In P. arenarium, the stamens are located below the stigma height, and the pollen is tetracolporate and psilate; in P. sonorae, the stamens are at the same height as the stigma, and the pollen is tricolporate and reticulate; and in P. culiacana, the stamens are above the stigma height, and the pollen is tricolporate and psilate. The inflorescences in both P. arenarium and P. sonorae are cymes; the corolla colour is white with purple lines extending from the limb to the corolla tube. In contrast, the inflorescence in P. culiacana is a capitulum type, and the corolla colour is white with pink margins. The characters found in the three species of Pholisma are compared with some genera comprising the family Ehretiaceae.

Угруповання мишовидих гризунів на ділянках з різним ступенем ураження пожежами: чорнобильські полігони

As a result of climate change, forest fires are becoming a common factor in the dynamics of ecosystems in the forest zone of Ukraine, but the assessment of the consequences of this shift in the ecological situation is in the process of pilot studies. In the spring of 2020, a number of large ecosystem fires occurred in the Central Polissia region, which affected forests the most. Among other things, a large fire occurred in ecosystems located in the Exclusion Zone and the Zone of Unconditional (Mandatory) Resettlement, which was formed as a result of the Chornobyl accident. The ecosystems of the Chornobyl Radiological and Ecological Biosphere Reserve located within its boundaries were also affected by the fire. The consequences of this fire were assessed a year later, using mouse-like rodents as a model group. The purpose of the study was to assess and compare the communities of mouse-like rodents in areas that were affected by two degrees of fire damage—where there was a surface fire and those that were most affected (highland fire). Four polygons were created in the control-impact scheme. Each of the pairs of plots was identical in terms of typical forest vegetation conditions. Sherman traps were used for trapping. A total of 560 trap-days were processed, and 101 animals were captured. The presence of four species of rodents from the genera Apodemus, Sylvaemus, and Myodes was recorded, namely the striped field mouse, the yellow-necked wood mouse, the European wood mouse, and the bank vole. The main indicators of species diversity were calculated using information indices—species richness, evenness, and similarity. The surveys revealed both negative and positive changes in areas affected by fires. Areas characterised by relatively higher values of species diversity indices compared to the control had a high intensity of vegetation recovery. They belonged to areas with wet, relatively fertile (sugrud) and infertile (subor) forest types. The plots with low intensity of vegetation recovery had a depleted community structure and belonged to fresh and dry boreal forest. Based on this, it is possible to create a forecast of ecosystem restoration by assessing the type of forest vegetation conditions.

Studies on the Flora of the Pakasura Hills (Hulical Drug R.F.) in the Nilgiri District, Madras State

The Pakasura Hills remained botanically unexplored so far and four seasonal explorations were completed during 1957-58. The slopes of the mountain which reach an altitude of 2,097 M. show zonations in their vegetation represented by the Southern Tropical Thom Type, Tropical Secondary Dry Deciduous Type, Nilgiri Sub Tropical Evergreen Type and Wet Temperate Type of Forests. Some of the plants introduced on the Nilgiris have become naturalised and run wild adding new elements to its floristic composition. The collections from this area include species of plants which are not recorded by Fyson and Gamble for the Nilgiris though some of them are reported by the latter as occurring in the Western Ghats in a very general way.

Functional characterization of variants in human ABCC11, an axillary osmidrosis risk factor.

Human ATP-binding cassette transporter C11 (ABCC11) is a membrane protein exhibiting ATP-dependent transport activity for a variety of lipophilic anions including endogenous substances and xenobiotics such as anti-cancer agents. Accumulating evidence indicates that ABCC11 wild type is responsible for the high-secretion phenotypes in human apocrine glands including wet type of earwax and the risk of axillary osmidrosis. Also, a less-functional variant of ABCC11 was reportedly associated with a risk for drug-induced toxicity in humans. Thus, functional change in ABCC11 may affect individual's constitution and drug toxicity, which led us to reason that functional validation of genetic variations in ABCC11 should be of importance. Therefore, in addition to p.G180R (a well-characterized non-functional variant of ABCC11), we studied cellular expression and function of 10 variants of ABCC11. In this study, ABCC11 function was evaluated as an ATP-dependent transport of radio labeled-dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate using ABCC11-expressing plasma membrane vesicles. Except for p.G180R, other 10 variants were maturated as an N-linked glycoprotein and expressed on the plasma membrane. We found that six variants impaired the net cellular function of ABCC11. Among them, p.R630W was most influential. Including this identification of a significantly-dysfunctional variant, our findings will extend our understanding of genetic variations and biochemical features of ABCC11 protein.

Examining the correlation of lymphangiogenesis biomarkers with clinical condition in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and lymphangiogenesis biomarkers, namely LYVE-1, Podoplanin, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. This prospective and interventional study includes 30 patients with AMD which may be dry or wet type and 30 controls for whom vitrectomy and phacoemulsification was indicated due to additional pathologies (epiretinal membrane, macular hole, retinal detachment, and cataract). 0.1–0,2 ml of aqueous humor and 0.5–1 ml of vitreous sample was taken during the operations. Before the operations 1 tube serum was also taken. All the lymphangiogenesis biomarkers in the study are examined by ELISA method. LYVE-1 (p = 0.001) and Podoplanin (p = 0.004) levels in the vitreous for the patient group are found to be significantly lower than the control group. Serum (p = 0.019), vitreous (p = 0.001), aqueous (p < 0.001) levels of VEGF-C for the patient group are significantly higher than the control group. VEGF-C/VEGFR-2 (p < 0.001), VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 (p < 0.001) ratios in the vitreous for the patient group are found to be significantly higher than the control group. Especially in wet AMD patients, LYVE-1 level is significantly lower in the vitreous (p = 0.002) and aqueous (p = 0.002) than the control group. In addition, Podoplanin level is observed as significantly lower in the vitreous (p = 0.014) and serum (p = 0.002) in comparison to control group. In the wet AMD group, VEGF-C level in the vitreous (p < 0.001), aqueous (p < 0.001) and serum (p = 0.001) is higher than the control group. The result of this study indicates a valid relationship between the weakening of lymphangiogenesis and the pathophysiology of AMD, especially for the wet type. It is observed that the levels of receptors that bind VEGF-C (VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3) do not increase at the same rate as VEGF-C to compensate for the increase in VEGF-C. The absence of an increase in VEGFR-3, which is especially necessary for lymphangiogenesis, also suggests that lymphangiogenesis is weakened or decreased in AMD. In the future interventional studies with larger series, examination of lymphangiogenic biomarkers in inflammatory retinal diseases and glaucoma may reveal unexplored details.

In-situ observation of molten brazing filler metal permeating gap

Generally, brazing is completed when the brazing filler metal permeates the gap by uniform wetting. It is believed that the joining process is completed with the formation of joint defects ‘voids’ in the process of uniform wetting. However, previous studies have shown that what occurs when brazing is performed is non-uniform wetting. It is suggested that this non-uniform wetting is the cause of void generation. Wetting and spreading of brazing filler metal is tested on a metal plate, as described in JIS Z 3191. This is used to investigate the wetting of the brazing filler metal. However, this method does not cover the wetting of the molten brazing filler metal as it moves into the gap. Therefore, it is suggested that the JIS Z 3191 experiment is insufficient to evaluate the wetting of the molten brazing filler metal that penetrates into the gap. In this experiment, we created new specimen. It is called us ‘V-groove specimen’. Specimens were created with two base metals. They are pure copper and lead-free brass in which bismuth was used as an alternative element. In order to do in situ experiments, it was not possible to observe the inside of a conventional electric furnace. Therefore, we produced a furnace with a window for in-situ observation and experimented with it. As a result of experiments with V-groove specimens, it was found that there are two types of wetting of brazing filler metal. They are called ‘primary wetting’ and ‘secondary wetting’. The shape of the specimen was measured and evaluated for two types of wetting. The results showed that the primary wetting was measurable in shape and spread evenly. However, the shape of the secondary wetting could not be measured, and it was found to be non-uniformly spread.

Comparisons of Different Digestion Methods for Heavy Metal Analysis from Fruits

Fruit juices are produced in home or industrially from horticultural crops by pressing the liquid part. They are rich in sugar, vitamins, and minerals like iron, copper, potassium, folate minerals, and vitamins A, B, and C which are essential for giving the body the nutrients it needs to stay healthy since fruits contain vital mineral components like copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), which is necessary for human growth and respiration. However, they may have heavy metals which may poison health risk and toxic even the presence is in little amount. Since fruit juices doesn’t pass through different processes, except extracting the liquid from the fruits of vegetables contamination and heavy metals affect human health. Before determination of heavy metals different procedures are applied for analysis. Digestion is the key component for determination of heavy metals from different samples. In this paper we are concerned on wet digestion methods for analysis. Closed system wet digestion is preferred since it lower the risk of contamination. There are different wet digestion types. Some of them are conventional wet digestion, ultraviolet digestion, ultrasound-assisted acid decomposition, conventional heating, microwave-assisted wet digestion etc. From thus, microwave digestion procedure was preferred for the digestion of samples for determination of heavy metals due to its ability to oxidize almost all of the organic samples.

Management of Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Case Report

Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). It is a leading cause of blindness and visual impairment in the elderly population, despite recent advances in treatment. We reported a case of wet AMD and its management.&#x0D; Case Presentation: A 69 years old woman complained of blurred vision, especially in the left eye, which she had experienced since 3 years ago, progressively worsen since the last 3 months. Fundoscopy and OCT examination was done. Fundoscopy found no foveal reflex with a drusen and perifoveal haemorrhage found on left eye. She was diagnosed with wet age-related macular degeneration type II of left eye. She had done intravitreal anti-VEGF injection with local anaesthesia.&#x0D; Conclusion: AMD management relies heavily on observation, lifestyle changes, frequent follow-up evaluations, early recognition of visual impairment and detection of CNV. Meanwhile, the current modality for wet AMD therapy is intravitreal anti-VEGF injection to preserve patient’s visual acuity and improve quality of life.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF COCCINELID SPECIES (COLEOPTERA - COCCINELIDAE) FROM APPLE, CORN AND CABBAGE CROPS

The observations were made in 2020 in cabbage and corn crops as well as in some apple plantations in two stationary. In the Ezareni stationary belonging to the Didactic Station of USV Iasi, the experimental plots were selected for the corn culture, and in the Vasile Adamachi farm belonging to the Iasi Didactic Station, traps were placed in the cabbage crop as well as in the apple orchard.To collect the biological material, the soil traps- type Barber, were used the wet type traps in which was used a 20% NaCl solution.From the collected material, the species of coccinellids were selected and determined with the help of Reitter, Gâdei P., etc. determinants book , or source of internet sites.The most frequently collected coccinelid species were: Coccinella septempunctata, Propylea quatardecimquttata, Harmonia axyridis, Hippodamia variegata.

Impact of weathering on a cement-treated sand

This study’s main goal was to examine how the wetting/drying solicitations affect the mechanical behavior of a cementtreated sand. A quantitative method based on the stress-dilatancy approach was used to assess the effects of two types of wetting and drying cycles of different intensities. The results showed that bonding is primarily altered by the wetting/drying cycles, leading to lower mechanical performances. It has been demonstrated that the weathering effect not only depends on the cement dosage, but also on the cycles’ intensity. The early cycles appeared to have the greatest impact on changes in mechanical performance on the samples treated with 4% cement. However, the accumulation of numerous cycles caused a more progressive degradation on the samples treated with 1% cement. The quantitative assessment of the treatment effect and the weathering progress with cycles was made possible through the evaluation of the bonding ratio. The importance of the imposed wetting/drying cycle protocol for a proper evaluation of the long-term performance of treated soils is highlighted. Further research is needed to define an appropriate weathering protocol that makes sense in light of the real solicitation faced by engineered structures.

ViT‐AMD: A New Deep Learning Model for Age‐Related Macular Degeneration Diagnosis From Fundus Images

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) diagnosis using fundus images is one of the critical missions of the eye‐care screening program in many countries. Various proposed deep learning models have been studied for this research interest, which aim to achieve the mission and outperform human‐based approaches. However, research efforts are still required for the improvement of model classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values. In this study, we proposed the model named as ViT‐AMD, which is based on the latest Vision Transformer (ViT) structure, to diagnosis a fundus image as normal, dry AMD, or wet AMD types. Unlike convolution neural network models, ViT consists of the attention map layers, which show more effective performance for image classification task. Our training process is based on the 5‐fold cross‐validation and transfer learning techniques using Chula‐AMD dataset at the Department of Ophthalmology, the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok. Furthermore, we also test the performance of trained model using an independent image datasets. The results showed that for the 3‐classes AMD classification (normal vs. dry AMD vs. wet AMD) on the Chula‐AMD dataset, the averaged accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of our trained model are about 93.40%, 92.15%, 91.27%, and 96.57%, respectively. For result testing on independent datasets, the averaged accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of trained model are about 74, 20%, 75.35%, 74.13%, and 87.07%, respectively. Compared with the results from the baseline CNN‐based model (DenseNet201), the trained ViT‐AMD model has outperformed significantly. In conclusion, the ViT‐AMD model have proved their usefulness to assist the ophthalmologist to diagnosis the AMD disease.

Experimental study on crack performance of steel and early-age BFRC composite beams in negative moment region

The wet joint interface concrete deck in the negative moment region of steel-concrete composite beams is susceptible to tensile cracking, which compromises the durability of the structure. Herein, a basalt fiber reinforced concrete (BFRC) is proposed to examine the wet joint cracking performance of concrete deck in the negative moment region of steel-concrete composite beams. To this end, four-point bending tests were conducted on seven steel-concrete composite beams to investigate failure modes, crack distribution patterns, load-deflection relationship, and load-crack width relationship. Experimentally, the effects of the wet joint concrete types (BFRC and normal concrete), basalt fiber volume content (0, 0.3%, and 0.6%), and concrete age (28, 14, 7, and 3 days) on their mechanical behavior were performed and discussed. The results showed that typical flexural failure commonly occurred in all specimens under the negative moment, with initial cracks appearing at the wet joint interface. The wet joint concrete with basalt fiber volume content of 0.3% exhibited the highest crack resistance, which resulted in a higher number of cracks, less crack spacing, and more uniform crack distribution in the wet joint concrete deck. The prediction methods of the average crack spacing and crack width of the wet joint concrete were proposed based on the existing theoretical models. The crack width and concrete age influence coefficients were proposed to rationally assess the effects of basalt fiber and concrete age. The modified formulas for the average crack spacing and crack width showed a reasonably good agreement with the experimental results when considering the effects of basalt fiber and concrete age. These formulas can be effectively utilized to evaluate the main crack width at the non-interface joint in the negative moment region of steel-concrete composite beam decks. The proposed approaches can provide a simple and practical method to effectively predict the crack width in the negative moment region of the steel-concrete composite beam.

STUDI KASUS: Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) TIPE EFUSIF PADA KUCING TINA

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a viral infection with a high mortality rate in cats. This diseaseis caused by a coronavirus (FCoV). FIP has two types namely wet type (effusive) and dry type (non-effusive). Clinical symptoms in this case include anorexia, lethargy, jaundice, fever, and significant weightloss. The wet type causes about 70-80% of all cases of this disease and is more malignant than the dry type.The wet type is characterized by an accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, chest cavity, or both.FIP case in the cat Tina, weight 2.99 kg, body temperature 40.30°c, normal CRT, female sex, 11 monthsold with colico hair color. Supporting diagnoses are generally needed to confirm the diagnosis of FIPbecause this disease does not have specific symptoms. Some supporting diagnostic tools for Bela cats arerapid FIP antibody tests. The differential diagnosis of this case was ascites due to FIP compared to ascitesdue to congestive heart failure or hypoproteinemia (kidney and liver disease), pregnancy, and trauma.Treatment in this case is furosemide, tolfedin, ornipural, channa blister, cefotaxime, samilyn andExterminate FIP.