Western Siberia Research Articles

Iranian-Zoroastrian Trace in the Muslim Metric Books of the Western Siberia

The Siberian Tatars, who lived in the Tobolsk province in the 19th century, had a syncretic character of culture. It was shamanism, a pre-Islamic religion characteristic of the North of Western Siberia. However, the traces of another religion – Zoroastrianism – and, in general, the influence of Iran (Persia) introduced by the Siberian Bukharians, have not yet been studied. The purpose of the research is to analyze the metric books of the Kazan yurt of Tobolsk province for 1831–1855, to substantiate the traces of Iranian-Zoroastrian influence on the ideas of the Siberian Tatars. The results of the study of the texts of the metric books revealed a serious layer of Iranian influence: the old Persian language, images of “Iranian drums”, the presence of business connections in Persia, etc. The entries in the metric books about “Iranian drums” as ritual objects are combined with the mention of Sufis and the text of the Koran, Islamic prayers. The religious role of the “drums” corresponds to the ancient Sufi dafs, modern Khorezmian and Ob-Ugric tambourines. Such variant of syncretism was a natural phenomenon. This was due to the peculiarities of Islam in Western Siberia, ethnic processes and assimilation of the Siberian Bukharians and the Ob Ugrians. In addition, Iranian Zoroastrianism was already known in the North of Western Siberia, when objects of Iranian origin arrived at the temples of the Ob Ugrians.

Changes in the water-thermal regime of permafrost swamps in western siberia in response to climate warming

Changes in the water-thermal regime of swamps in the permafrost zone of Western Siberia are considered. Two types of swamps are prevalent in the study area: frost mound bogs (southern half of the area) and polygonal bogs (northern half of the area). The boundary between these swamps types is blurred and approximately matches the Polar Circle line. Detailed studies of the water-thermal regime of swamps in this area were carried out from 1971 to 1991 within the framework of the West Siberian expedition of the State Hydrological Institute. The present work uses a mathematical model of frost mound and polygonal bogs, which was developed based on the results of these studies. Daily meteorological data, specifically daily data on air temperature, precipitation totals and total and lower cloudiness from 23 stations are used as input parameters of the model. The duration of observations of meteorological stations ranges from 90 to 140 years. The mentioned period is divided into 2 parts, before and after 1978. All calculations were limited to the warm period, the boundaries of which are the transitions of average daily air temperature through 0 °C. The results of calculations indicate a widespread increase in the average warm period air temperature values, from 0.3 °C in the south to 1.6 °C in the north of the territory. In the warmest years (2.5% probability of exceeding) this increase in the south of the zone is 1.5 °C and in the extreme north is 3.5 °C. The greatest changes in the parameters of the water-thermal regime can be traced in the increase of the peat deposit thawing depth. In average, the maximum thawing increased by 4-5 cm, and in the warmest years by 7-10 cm. For the north of polygonal bogs, the difference in thawing depth in some years increases dramatically and reaches 16 cm. At the same time, it should be noted that the calculated thawing depth often exceeds the peat deposit thickness, especially in the northern part of polygonal bogs. In such cases, the peat deposit thawing values should be considered as potential. It is supposed that changes in the water-thermal regime of frost mound and polygonal bogs will contribute to the sequential evolution of the micro-landscape structure. The displacement of the boundaries of different types of swamps is complicated by orographic obstacles, primarily by the Siberian Uvals and requires a full-scale reorganization of the hydrographic network and structure of micro-landscapes.

The history of the development of the Ishtan mire massif (Western Siberia)

The history of the development of the Ishtan mire massif (Western Siberia)

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ АМИНОКИСЛОТНОГО СОСТАВА НЕКОТОРЫХ ВИДОВ РОДА МАНЖЕТКА: ALCHEMILLA TRIDECEMLOBA, ALCHEMILLA DURA, ALCHEMILLA ERYTHROPODA СЕМЕЙСТВА ROSACEAE

Species of the genus manzhetka of the Rosaceae family grow in various regions of the Caucasus. The genus includes about 160 species. Analyzing the flora of the cuffs of the Caucasus, we found that 24 species of cuffs grow in the North Caucasus, 7 species in the Stavropol Territory, 12 species in the Western North Caucasus, 22 species in the Western Transcaucasia, 36 species in the Caucasus according to A.A. Grossheim, 88 species according to S.K. Cherepanov. Representatives of 305 species of the genus Alchemilla are found in the flora of Russia and neighboring countries. Their distribution area is extremely wide from Eastern Europe (the European part of the former USSR) to the Far East, including the Caucasus, Central Asia, Western and Eastern Siberia, i.e. all geographical areas accepted in the "Flora of the USSR" (Cherepanov S.K. 1995). It is grown as a cultivated plant in Russia. This plant is rich in various chemical compositions, the herb contains a complex of polyphenolic compounds, and the elemental composition of the herb, amino acids, is rich. Some types are used as medicinal, some as food plants. Many species of this genus have not been studied. The herb is mainly used, which is used as an anti-inflammatory, wound healing, lactogenic agent. The purpose of our study was to study the amino acid composition of the grass of some species of the genus manzhetka growing in the Caucasus and compare their composition. Tests for the grass species of the genus manzhetka were carried out on an amino acid analyzer – a highly specialized computer-controlled automated liquid chromatograph equipped with a post-column detector system. The sample is divided into components in a cation exchange resin by means of a step gradient of pH, ionic strength, and temperature. The eluate is mixed with a ninhydrin reagent and reacts in the flow cell of the reactor at t = 121 C

Differentiation of zinc accumulation in the body of the landras pigs

The presented data pertains to the assessment of zinc levels in the liver, kidneys, lungs, spleen, and myocardium of pigs of the Landras breed. The work was performed on clinically healthy animals, fed in a large pig -breeding complex of the Altai Territory. The technology employed by pigs was three-phase, and the typical conditions were in accordance with GOST 28839–90. The pigs were fed for a duration of 160 days using compound feeds of serial output, accompanied by certificates of conformity, and supplemented with vitamin-mineral premixes that corresponded to precise feeding standards. A zinc level assessment was performed using an atomic emission spectral analysis with inductive-tied plasma. For the processing of primary material, Microsoft Office Excel was utilized, along with the programming language R (version 4.4.1), and RStudio version analysis version 2024.09.0 (2009–2024 Posit Software, PBC). It was established that the distribution of zinc in the liver and kidneys differed from the distribution of the Gauss. In some cases there were emissions, and dispersions that were not homogeneous. Using a median, an increasing ranking range of zinc content in the organs was formed: myocardium < lungs < kidney < spleen < liver, in numerical terms: 1 : 1 : 1 : 1.2 : 1.4 : 2.4 mg/kg. In terms of variability, the smallest uniformity according to the point under consideration is characteristic of the liver. On the basis of the twill painting test, significant differences in the concentration of zinc are established (h = 88,485, df = 4, p < 0,0001). The pawn comparison demonstrated reliable differences in the level of the chemical element in the liver from all other internal organs and myocardial and additionally in pairs: “kidneys-light”, “spleen-lungs”, “kidney-myocardium”, “spleen-myocardium”. The method of agglomeration cluster analysis is allocated such an organ as a liver that has a maximum level of accumulation of the mineral, all other structures are cascaded up to the group with the minimum amount-“light-heart”. Phenotypes of distances between clusters are given. The results are suitable for determining the normative values of zinc content in the liver, kidneys, lungs, spleen and heart muscle of the lands of the Landras grown in Western Siberia.

Glendonites in the Aptian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of Western Siberia

Glendonites in the Aptian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of Western Siberia

Comparative Analysis and Semiotic Approach to the 12-Year Animal Calendar of the Turks of Southern Siberia and the Kazakhs as a Cultural Artifact

Research problem: The article provides a semiotic-comparative analysis of nomadic forms of chronology of the Turkic peoples of Southern Siberia and the Kazakhs. To date, it is relevant to study the ideological basis of the 12-year-old Nomad–Turkic animal calendar - Tengrianism which has complex socio-cultural forms of regulation of human relations that promote interpersonal, interethnic solidarity and cooperation. One of the little-studied problems is a comparative study of the 12-year animal calendar of the Turkic peoples (Teleuts, Tuvans, Kazakhs), which is not only a complex system of cultural adaptation of the life of these peoples to the environment, but also acts as one of the important cultural regulators of the daily life of the Turkic peoples.The aim of the study is a comparative and semiotic analysis of the genesis of sacred time in the form of a 12–year animal calendar of the Turkic nomadic peoples of Southern and Western Siberia. The novelty of the research lies in the comparative and semiotic analysis of the concept of sacred time in the Turkic culture based on the identification of common and different in the forms and ways of organizing their cultural life and in the intercultural communication of the Turkic peoples (Teleuts, Tuvans, Kazakhs).Theoretical and methodological approach : in this article uses comparative and semiotic approaches, the method of cultural relativism, the remote method (R. Benedict), the indigenous methodology of research (C.K. Lamazhaa), as well as methodological studies of Turkologists (Abaev N.V., Mongush B. B., etc.)Research results: Research implemented in 2 thematic blocks "Sacred time in the cultural life of Teleuts and Kazakhs" and "12-year animal calendar as a regulator of the everyday culture of Tuvans, Teleuts and Kazakhs", the following provisions are proved: the genesis and role of the 12-year calendar in the everyday culture of the Teleuts, Tuvans, Kazakhs is substantiated on the basis of identifying typical features, features of the functioning of the model of sacred time in the context of the culture of these peoples, the uniqueness, the manifestation of the sacred time in their daily life is determined by the features;; comparative, semiotic analysis of traditions, customs and holidays, age groups, family life of the Turks of Southern and Western Siberia, based on a 12-year-old animal.on the calendar corresponding to the biorhythms of nature.The 12-year animal calendar of the Turkic nomadic peoples of Southern and Western Siberia, having an archetypal unity of origin, after the adoption of Islam by the Kazakhs and the penetration of Buddhism into the Sayano-Altai Highlands was transformed into the corresponding ideological systems.

Complex from Mergen 6 Settlement (Lower Ishim River Region, Western Siberia) Attributed to the Transitional Period from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age

Purpose. The article examines a complex of items attributed to the transitional period from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age discovered at the multi-layer settlement of Mergen 6 in the Ishim River Region (Western Siberia). The study aims to describe pottery and inventory items associated with the complex, substantiate its chronological position, and characterize the cultural relations of the population.Results. Conventional archaeological methods were used such as planigraphic, stratigraphic, comparative typological analysis, and dated analogies. The inventory includes ceramic, bone, and bronze items. The ceramic complex is highly fragmented and contains about 6.4 thousand pieces. The sample for analysis included fragments of 482 vessels. The analysis singled out pottery groups from Krasnoozerka, Gamayun, and Itkul (Iset) archaeological cultures and a group of syncretic pottery.Conclusion. As evidenced by the ceramic materials, the population of the Ishim River Region (Krasnoozerka culture) interacted with that of the Trans-Urals (Gamayun and Itkul cultures) which is demonstrated by a large group of syncretic vessels. The inventory includes bone items such as arrowheads, ornamented tubes, amulets from bear’s fangs, and astragals; ceramic items such as molded biconical spindle whorls, one cylindrical spindle whorl, fragments of crucibles for melting metal, and scraper-shaped tools made of fragments of vessels. A series of bronze items, including three arrowheads and seven single blade knives, can be used to relatively date the complex of Mergen 6 settlement within the 8th–7th centuries BC. Later, complexes of the Early Iron Age Zhuravlevo culture sprang in the Ishim River Region, dating back to the 7th–5th centuries BC.

Kulaika Ceramics of Kireevskoe III Fortified Settlement: Results of Interdisciplinary Research

Purpose. Kireevskoe III fortified settlement is located in Kozhevnikovsky district of Tomsk region (Russia, Western Siberia) Ceramics of the vasyugan stage of the kulaika culture were studied using technical-technological, petrographic and thermal analyses. The aim is to reconstruct the content of the production stages of kulaika culture ware from the Kireevskoe III fortified settlement.Results. It was established that the ceramics were made of iron-iron silty clays composed of illite, quartz and feldspars. The crushed stone was sieved from cataclazed granites. One vessel differs in clay composition and is presumably imported. Five single- and multi-component recipes of paste, the main of which is clay + crushed stone. The beginnings of the vessels were made according to the bottom program, the hollow body was built up by flaps. The surfaces were processed by troweling. Thermal analysis showed that the ware has different degree of mass loss.Conclusion. The ceramics from the Kireevskoe III settlement are most similar to other sites of kulaika culture of the Tomsk and Novosibirsk Priobie in terms of technology. However, the analyzed ceramics differs from sites of kulaika culture of the Vasyugan river basin, Sarovskoe fortified settlement and Malget settlement. This indicates the existence of regional differences in the traditions of pottery production in the territory of the kulaika cultural-historical community.

Development and improvement of methods for increasing the production of sweet pepper in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

Sweet pepper is one of the promising vegetable crops, which is valued for its high content of various vitamins, organic acids, antioxidants, beneficial macro and microelements, and other substances necessary to maintain the normal functioning of the body. This crop has a wide distribution area, it is cultivated in almost all countries of the globe and has a high yield potential (more than 100 t/ha), but despite this, its average yield in Siberia is only 29 t/ha. The main reason for the low yield of sweet pepper is the lack of a scientifically based fertilizer application system in the region, and modern intensive varieties with a complex of economically valuable characteristics, environmental plasticity, resistance to harmful organisms and stress factors combined with high yield and product quality. This article describes the experience of applying various norms of liquid (CAS – 32) mineral nitrogen fertilizers on sweet pepper of Siberian breeding in protected soil conditions. The use of nitrogen fertilizers, especially their increased norms, has a significant impact on the periods of passage of the main phases of plant development and the growing season as a whole, which in some cases increased to 20 days. In addition, nitrogen fertilizers affect the formation of all elements of the crop structure and the productivity of the crop as a whole. Thus, according to the processed background, the yield of sweet pepper increased by more than 100% relative to the control. At the same time, the average doses of nitrogen fertilizers (N80) were the most optimal. Under the influence of nitrogen fertilizers, there is an increase in dry matter by an average of 20%, total sugar by 57, and vitamin C by 39%.

Improving the technology of strawberry production in the conditions of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia

Garden strawberries are widespread in all regions of our country, the culture itself is very interesting among agricultural specialists, as well as among amateur gardeners. It is one of the most profitable garden crops. Garden strawberries have many advantages, their berries contain a lot of ascorbic acid, biologically active substances, have the necessary medicinal, as well as high dietary properties. Despite its widespread distribution and a huge selection of varieties, a good harvest can not always be obtained. The main reason for this is poor scientific and technical support, natural and climatic factors and the lack of high-quality planting material. This paper presents the results of studies on the production of planting material for large-fruited garden strawberries, plant survival, formation of vegetative mass and overwintering. As a result of the study, it was found that the soil and climatic conditions of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia in terms of the arrival of photosynthetically active radiation and the sum of active temperatures are sufficient for the growth and formation of the yield of garden strawberries. At the same time, the survival rate of strawberry plants strongly depends on the conditions of the year, when the difference is more than 20%. In addition, it has been proven that the most optimal technology is the production of seedlings with a closed root system in 0.5 l pots. The Orlets and Solnechnaya varieties can be recommended for production in Western Siberia according to the parameters studied.

Identification of fungal diseases in strawberry by analysis of hyperspectral images using machine learning methods

Leaf spot, leaf scorch and phomopsis leaf blight are the most common fungal diseases of strawberry in Western Siberia, which significantly reduce its yield and quality. Accurate, fast and non-invasive diagnosis of these diseases is important for strawberry production. This article explores the ability of hyperspectral imaging to detect and differentiate symptoms caused to strawberry leaves by pathogenic fungi Ramularia tulasnei Sacc., Marssonina potentillae Desm. and Dendrophoma obscurans Anders. The reflection spectrum of leaves was acquired with a Photonfocus MV1-D2048x1088-HS05-96-G2-10 hyperspectral camera under laboratory conditions using the line scanning method. Five machine learning methods were considered to differentiate between healthy and diseased leaf areas: Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), and Random Forest (RF). In order to reduce the high dimensionality of the extracted spectral data and to increase the speed of their processing, several subsets of optimal wavelengths were selected. The following dimensionality reduction methods were explored: ROC curve analysis method, derivative analysis method, PLS-DA method, and ReliefF method. In addition, 16 vegetation indices were used as features. The support vector machine method demonstrated the highest classification accuracy of 89.9 % on the full range spectral data. When using vegetation indices and optimal wavelengths, the overall classification accuracy of all methods decreased slightly compared to the classification on the full range spectral data. The results of the study confirm the potential of using hyperspectral imaging methods in combination with machine learning for differentiating fungal diseases of strawberries.

Morphological variability and genetic structure of Miscanthus sinensis (Poaceae) cultivated in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia

Miscanthus sinensis Andersson (Poaceae) grows in monsoon climate. For this reason, when cultured under the conditions of a short growing season of Western Siberia, full-fledged seeds do not have time to form. We have studied a large number of specimens of this species from Primorsky Krai in the collection of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS. Using these samples, it was possible for the first time to select forms that produce high-quality mature seeds in local conditions during a short growing season, possibly due to spontaneous hybridization of early flowering forms. We obtained the first and second (G1 and G2) generations from these seeds and checked for hybrids. The aim of this study is selection, biomorphological characterization of early flowering ornamental forms of M. sinensis and analysis of genetic polymorphism of the selected forms (S1, S2) and the obtained G1 and G2 generations using ISSR markers. Under the conditions of introduction, the selected samples of M. sinensis were characterized by complex resistance, high decorativeness, reached the ontogenetic state of mature generative plants and differed from other samples in the collection by early flowering and the formation of full-fledged seeds. Thus, the forms of M. sinensis we selected are promising for landscape design and breeding. When studying the genetic structure of G1, G2 and two generations of the sample using ISSR markers, three effective stable unique PCR fragments were identified. A study of the genetic variability of the resulting G1 generation showed complete uniformity of genotypes. In the G2 generation, variability was observed, and we found five sets of genotypes, which were also confirmed in the dendrogram. As a result, unique molecular polymorphic fragments were identified. Their length was 300–3000 bp, and the genetic formula for certification of M. sinensis was compiled.

СООТНОШЕНИЕ КОРМОВОЙ И СЕМЕННОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ КЛЕВЕРА ЛУГОВОГО (Trifolium pratense L.) В ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ

The work was carried out in the climatic conditions of Western Siberia (Tyumen) in 2015-2022 in order to predict the forage and seed productivity of red clover, taking into account the weather conditions of the growing season. The productivity of vegetative mass in dry form and seeds was estimated in 15 varieties of red clover of late-ripening type with the row sowing method. The meteorological conditions of the 7 years of research on the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) of Selyaninov’s humidification varied from very dry (HTC = 0.48 in 2021) to excessively moist (HTC = 1.72 in 2019) and deviated from the norm both by month and for the entire growing season (HTC = 1.43). The productivity of vegetative mass (hay) in red clover samples averaged 7.0 ... 17.7 t/ha, seeds - 0.151 ... 0.511 t/ha. The highest hay yield (17.7; 15.7 t/ha) was observed in the years with sufficient moisture in 2018, 2019 (HTC=1.24…1.89), the lowest (7.0; 9.8 t/ha) − in dry conditions of 2020, 2021 (HTC=0.98…0.28). The ratio between the hay and seed yield in different years varied from 14:1 to 105:1, the percentage of seeds in the total yield ranged from 0.9 to 6.8%. With a high hay yield (15.7; 17.7 t/ha), the share of seeds in the total yield decreased to minimum values (0.9 and 1.1%). Over 7 years, a negative correlation from medium to strong (r=-0.5…-0.9) was noted between hay and seed yields in 11 varieties. Sufficient moisture conditions contributed to the development of vegetative mass, while dry conditions contributed to an increase in seed yield. The response of genotypes to changes in environmental conditions was unstable; the best in the experiments were 2 samples: 11-6-67 and 21-2-58(2).

A Study of Seima-Turbino Bronze Artifacts Discovered in China

A Study of Seima-Turbino Bronze Artifacts Discovered in China

The Role of Church Book Collections in Siberia in Preserving National Cultural Heritage

This article presents the results of the archaeographic work of the research team in church museums and libraries in Western Siberia (Novosibirsk Region, Altai Krai, Altai Republic, and Kemerovo and Tomsk regions) carried out between 2023 and 2024. The purpose of the study was to identify and study the array of handwritten and printed books of diocesan repositories in terms of the specifics and importance of the collections for the preservation and reactualisation of national cultural heritage. The tasks of the work included a description of the composition and features of the repertoire of the collections, characteristics of the origin and sources of their replenishment, identification of unique features of storage units of important cultural and historical significance. The novelty of the research stems from the insufficient study of such book collections, which have only recently become available to researchers (most books are stored in church museums and libraries that were opened in the 2000s). The authors characterise the temporal and genre repertoire of Cyrillic books stored in diocesan museums and libraries: out of the 483 books in the collection, 22 manuscripts date from the sixteenth to early twentieth centuries, a total of 14 editions are from the seventeenth century, 59 editions of the eighteenth century, 217 editions of the nineteenth century; 168 books are either unidentified editions of the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries or date from the beginning of the twentieth century. The article describes the share and reasons for the presence of Old Believer manuscripts and publications in the collections and examines the repertoire of publications of the printing house of Edinovertsy. The authors analyse the ownership and donation inscriptions and marks belonging to representatives of the clergy of the eighteenth to twentieth centuries, reflecting the specifics of the existence of copies and readers’ interests. Based on the analysis of provenances, it was established that individual books belonged to church and monastery libraries lost because they were closed or destroyed in the 1920s and 1930s. Additionally, the authors describe the sources of replenishment of funds paying special attention to the role of individual representatives of the clergy (Rostislav, the Metropolitan of Tomsk and Asino, archpriest Alexander Pivovarov, archpriest Vladimir Biryukov). The work with the materials of the diocesan book collections made it possible to identify rare editions and those searched for or those lacking reference information and actualise the problems associated with the study of handwritten and early printed books in Siberia (the history of early Slavic printing, the interaction of Old Believers and official Orthodox booklore in publishing, the history of Cyrillic books in Siberia of the seventeenth-twentieth centuries).

The first results of monitoring the development of polygonal relief in the peatland-lake interaction zone in the Northern Pur-Taz interfluve from 2021 to 2023

Since the last century, the monitoring of permafrost rocks, which involves observing changes in the depth of seasonal thawing and temperature, has been conducted across a wide geographical area. However, an increase in the cumulative average daily positive air temperatures and the average annual air temperature has significantly activated cryogenic processes in the northern part of Western Siberia. Since 2016, extensive and thorough research on permafrost polygonal peatlands has been undertaken in the Pur-Taz interfluve area. In 2021, a study was initiated to observe changes in polygonal relief and the upper layers of permafrost, which are affected by natural processes occurring in peatlands near lake shores. An assessment of changes in polygonal relief in the peatland–lake interaction zone of polygonal peatlands has been conducted as a result of exogenous processes against the background of modern climatic fluctuations. This study used field methods and approaches, including the establishment of monitoring sites to observe geocryological conditions and the use of unmanned aerial vehicles to assess changes in relief and manifestations of cryogenic processes along lake shores. The results of the field observations were analyzed using both classical statistical methods and specialized software for processing orthophotoplans and digital terrain models obtained from unmanned surveys. These findings were subsequently compared with satellite images. Several climatic and landscape factors affecting polygonal peatlands in the peatland-lake interaction zone were identified. Thus, the accumulated monitoring data from multiple sites within this zone, combined with results from key peatlands in the research area, allowed us to draw preliminary conclusions regarding the general dependence of polygonal peatland degradation along lake shores on the wave action of lake water, which is influenced by the wind rose of the research area. This degradation occurs against the background of contemporary climatic fluctuations and the differentiation of other contributing factors, including the landscape-geomorphological conditions of the monitoring sites.

The impact of weather conditions on the prevalence of avian influenza in dabbling ducks (genus Anas) during autumn migration in southern Western Siberia

The impact of weather conditions on the prevalence of avian influenza in dabbling ducks (genus Anas) during autumn migration in southern Western Siberia

Influence of ApoE gene polymorphism on development of obesity and blood biochemical parameters in coal mine workers

Introduction. The prevalence of obesity is becoming more relevant every year. Individuals with increased body weight show alterations in various biochemical parameters including lipid profile. One of the genes involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism is the APOE gene. The aim of the work. To study the influence of ApoE gene on biochemistry parameters and BMI level in coal mine workers. Materials and Methods. Data of one hundred thirty four coal mine workers were included. Venous blood was collected from all participants for DNA and serum isolation. Further genotyping was carried out for two polymorphic variants of ApoE gene (rs7412 and rs429358). Along with this, blood biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results. While studying the effect of two polymorphic variants on BMI in subjects, a significant association was noted among carriers of E2/E3 and E3/E3 genotypes. Among biochemical indices, had an effect on cholesterol, folic acid, homocysteine, total calcium, low density lipoproteins, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and fibrinogen. Limitations. The results obtained characterize the situation at a specific production site (coal mine) in a particular region (Russia, Western Siberia). In the future, the reproducibility of the results of our study will be tested on other, larger samples with a wide range of genetic variants related to lipid metabolism and eating behaviour. Conclusion. The results obtained in this study may be useful for further work in the formation of certain risk groups and preventive measures.

The history and problems of developing the green infrastructure of cities located in the cryolithic zone of Western and Central Siberia

The development of research-based approaches to the greening of cities built in the cryolithic zone was caused by the urbanization of USSR regions located in the Arctic and Subarctic climate. Over the past decades, the relevance of these approaches has been increasing due to the need for measures aimed at ensuring new standards of landscaping and environmental well-being of cities in the Russian Arctic. The main aim of this article is an integrated analysis of archival documents and scientific publications reflecting the evolution of research approaches and knowledge pertaining to the problems of greening cities built in the cryolithic zone of Western and Central Siberia in the period from the 1930s to the first quarter of the 21st century. The article describes the first attempts at greening the Arctic cities of Siberia made in the 1930s — 1950s and discusses approaches to zoning the green infrastructure of Arctic cities that have been developed in Russian science. The problems of studying the interaction of permafrost and vegetation in urban areas are analyzed. Based on examples of Siberian cities the paper examines problems of developing green infrastructure during the period of active urbanization of the Russian Arctic in the 1970s — 1980s. A brief overview is given of new approaches to urban greening in the Arctic cities in the first quarter of the 21st century. It is concluded that in recent decades, in most of the cities studied, there has been a trend towards a rise in vegetation characteristics such as NDVI and tree height compared with areas that have been left untouched. Researchers attribute this trend to factors such as regular planting of new trees and shrubs, targeted maintenance of green spaces, as well as the presence of urban heat islands and other favorable microclimatic conditions. It is concluded that such common factors as climate warming, an active introduction of alien plants into the urbanized environment and using new technologies for the improvement of northern cities contribute to the growth of opportunities for the development of the cities’ green infrastructure. At the same time, cryogenic processes and the way green infrastructure is developed in an urbanized environment are largely interdependent.