Area Of West Java Research Articles

Soil quality and vegetation identification in closed sand-gravel mining area in West Java, Indonesia

This paper examines the soil quality and vegetation identification in a closed sand gravel mining area in West Java, Indonesia. Revegetation of disturbed mining areas is crucial in restoring soil quality and environmental function. The native plants play a pivotal role in accelerating this process. The goal of this mixed-methods study in closed sand-gravel mining was to look at the nutrient profile, texture, and microbial count of the soil in two places in the foothills of a closed mine, as well as to find and name the plant species that naturally grow well and to find and name the plant species that naturally grow well when it rains. The observation showed that the soil near the spring was more fertile than the soil away from the spring, and the soil surrounding the spring supported a higher plant density. The study area supported the growth of 22 plants, including two trees, 13 shrubs, two sedges, four grasses, and one fern. Notably, two perennial trees–Mexican lilac and beech wood–were successfully grown during the initial greening program conducted three years ago. The bacterial and fungal counts for both soils were 109 colony-forming units (CFU) per g and 104 CFU/g, respectively. We found different morphology in the soil fungal colonies, while the bacteria colonies remained homogenous. The results underscore that the soil in the disturbed mine area still supported the native plant growth. These findings are crucial for the preservation of these native plants, making them crucial for the intensive revegetation of the mining area prior to the introduction of suitable perennial trees.

Banking service recovery and consumer loyalty: The mediating role of satisfaction

This study aims to prove the effect of justice-based service recovery on satisfaction and its impact on loyalty. The related justices intended are distributive, procedural, and interactive. Also, proving satisfaction as mediated by the Sobel test becomes another purpose. Then, to achieve these purposes, this study employs banking customers in a few areas in West Java (Bandung and Cirebon Cities, as well as the Purwakarta Regency) as the population and samples them by snowball sampling. Fortunately, 230 collected responses exist; hence, the structural equation based on covariance is applicable to examine hypotheses. As a result, this study finds a positive tendency of distributive, procedural, and interactive justice on satisfaction, and distributive justice has a leading influence. A similar sign occurs in the association between satisfaction and loyalty. According to the mediating test, customer satisfaction can mediate the relationship between the three justices and loyalty. Based on these facts, this study recommends that banks compensate the users for the disappointing situation and handle their complaints by providing procedures and responsive and skilled staff to help. Importantly, banks should give the gift as a sign of appreciation for complaints. These actions can encourage banking users to share positive information with their friends, family, and workmates based on their experience.

Comparative Study of Income of Sweet Potato Farmers' in Different Trade Channels in Bandorasa Wetan Village, Cilimus District, Kuningan Regency

This study aims to analyze the income of sweet potato farmers in Bandorasa Wetan Village, Kuningan Regency, by comparing different trading channels, specifically sales to middlemen and direct sales to the processing industry. Sweet potato farming plays a crucial role in supporting local and national economies, with Kuningan being a major sweet potato production area in West Java. Using a quantitative comparative approach with survey techniques, data was collected from 83 farmers, with 49 selling to middlemen and 34 to the industry. The results show that the average income of farmers selling to the industry (IDR 3,468,222) is significantly higher than those selling to middlemen (IDR 2,812,569), as evidenced by the independent sample test (p = 0.000). However, income from industry sales shows greater variability. This research contributes by highlighting the income disparities across trading channels, offering valuable insights for farmers and stakeholders in optimizing trading practices to maximize profitability. Future research should explore factors influencing channel selection, including market conditions and trading strategies, to enhance the overall sustainability and profitability of sweet potato farming.

Analysis Best Practice Policy Road Pricing to Overcome Negative Externalities of Motorized Vehicles in West Java

This research analyzes best practice policy road pricing in overcoming the negative externalities caused by motorized vehicles in West Java. Negative externalities, such as traffic congestion and air pollution, are major challenges for urban areas in West Java. Through implementation policy studies on road pricing in Singapore and London, this research analyzes the effectiveness of these policies in reducing congestion and improving air quality. The research methods used include literature reviews, policy analysis, and in-depth interviews. The research results show that road pricing can be an effective tool in reducing congestion and air pollution, if there is collaboration with the transportation department, police, and raharja services, adequate technology, effective outreach, and integration with improved public transportation. This policy must be designed holistically by taking into account related opportunities and issues. The role of communication, transparency and an inclusive approach is very important in increasing public acceptance of this policy.

Forced Marriage and Sex Trafficking under the Guise of Nikah Siri in Indonesia

Prostitution, forced marriage, and sex trafficking have long been practiced in the Puncak area of West Java, Indonesia. The practice is condoned not only by the surrounding community but also by state officials. This paper resulted from our field research, interviews, and observation in the Puncak area. In addition, it includes an extensive literature review, which encompasses the study of Indonesian and international law regulation, academic writing, and media reports. This paper seeks to uncover the reasons why the practices of sex trafficking and forced marriage are tolerated and what has led to this approval. By dwelling on legal, historical, and anthropological studies, this paper argues that the practices are tolerated because they hide behind a thick veil of cultural-religious justification and are obscured by legal tricks/stratagems, which we call 'trafficking framing.' This framing conceals and camouflages sex trafficking and forced marriage under accepted legal-cultural practices. This paper seeks to uncover the veil of trafficking framing and reveal that the practice of secret marriage (nikah siri) in Puncak is nothing but sex trafficking.

Persepsi Cantik di Kalangan Karyawan Milenial (Analisis AISAS atas Pengaruh Terpaan Iklan Kecantikan di Kalangan Karyawati Pabrik Cikarang Selatan Kabupaten Bekasi Jawa Barat)

The concept of beauty always changes from time to time. One of the main factor determine is the rapid development of the advertising media industry, which led to the perception of beauty in society. This study aims to describe advertisment element exposure of Wardah “Feel the beauty” version and perceptions of beauty among millennial employees and explain the effect of Wardah advertisement elements exposure that formed the perceptions of beauty among factory employees in South Cikarang, Bekasi, West Java.This research uses AISAS theoretical framework that shows Attata, Attention, Interest, and the desire to search (Search), to decide (Action) and finally encourage customers to share (Share). The concept develop by tow theories with indicators of Frekuensi, duration, visual and audio and perception theory involving sensation, attention, expectations, motivation and memory.This study use positvism paradigm with quantitative approach and causal explanatory research design. The data collected by survey conducted for millennial employees who working in the factory area in South Cikarang District Bekasi West Java. About 381 respondent involved as sample of this research that defined using cluster sampling in the industrial area, i.e.: BIIE Hyundai, Delta Silicon, EJIP, and Jababeka II.

Enhancing Productivity and Innovation Through Strengthening Occupational Health and Safety Management

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of occupational safety and health management in enhancing employee productivity and innovation at PT XYZ (Persero) Central Java Transmission Implementation Unit (UPT), specifically in the West Java area including UPT A, UPT B, UPT C, and UPT D. The study finds that current occupational safety and health management and achievement motivation variables have not fully contributed to employee productivity and innovation, indicating high epsilon coefficients. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative methods, using surveys and in-depth interviews. The analysis of structure 1 and structure 2 shows that the epsilon coefficient is high, suggesting that occupational health and safety management effectiveness and achievement motivation have not fully contributed to employee productivity. Additionally, these variables have not fully contributed to employee innovation, with many other factors influencing these outcomes. The findings highlight that effective occupational safety and health management positively influences employee productivity and innovation. However, other variables, such as the work environment and leadership style, also significantly impact these outcomes. The study suggests that strengthening occupational health and safety management—including management commitment, communication, monitoring, training, and implementation—can lead to better employee performance and innovation. The implications of this research are significant for improving safety and productivity in similar organizational settings. Enhanced occupational health and safety management practices can foster a more productive and innovative workforce, but attention must also be paid to other influential factors.

Endurance training for judo athletes: Improving anaerobic and aerobic capacity in the high altitude

Background Problems: Judo is a sport that requires aerobic and anaerobic abilities. This is because the scoring in judo matches is different from other martial arts, where athletes will look for absolute 'ippon' points in one match. Therefore, training is needed that can support increasing aerobic and anaerobic capacity in judo athletes. Endurance training at high altitudes is a training method that is believed to have benefits for athletes' aerobic and aerobic capacity. Research Objectives: The study aims to examine the effect of endurance training on increasing the anaerobic and aerobic capacity of judo athletes based on the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT), which is a specific test for the sport of judo that can describe anaerobic and aerobic fitness according to the needs of judo. Methods: This research was conducted in the Puncak area of West Java, which is included in the highlands. An experimental method was used in this research on twenty-four Indonesian elite judo athletes who are carrying out training camps to face the SEA Games in Vietnam in 2021. The t test using SPSS Version 24 was used for data analysis in this study. Findings and Results: The results showed that there was a significant increase in anaerobic and aerobic capacity at high altitudes in judo athletes, as seen from the SJFT. Conclusion: This study concluded that endurance training could increase the anaerobic and aerobic capacity of judo athletes in the highlands. Endurance training at high altitudes for judo athletes is highly recommended because it has been proven to have a significant effect on increasing anaerobic and aerobic capacity. We recommend that judo coaches carry out training at high altitudes because it has been proven to improve the aerobic and anaerobic abilities of judo athletes.

Morpho-hydrodynamic processes impacted by the 2022-extreme La Niña event and high river discharge conditions in the southern coastal area of West Java, Indonesia

ABSTRACT The significance of sediment-laden river discharges is strongly related to climate change and rainfall intensity, resulting in severe erosion of the catchment areas and riverbanks. The combination of tides and waves considerably influence the sediment transport and distribution patterns of an estuary, inducing the sedimentary processes of the coastal area. This study aims to analyze the impacts of the La Niña event in 2022 and high river discharges in the Bojong Salawe Beach, Pangandaran. This area has a large estuary with several tributaries, with a high potential for erosion and sedimentation. Furthermore, its location directly faces the Indian Ocean, posing the risk of wind-induced high waves. The methods used in this research are descriptive analysis (using dataset ERA-5 taken from the Copernicus Climate Change Service) and numerical models (using Mike21) with an identification of erosion and accretion processes. The results show that the boreal autumn 2022 significantly impacted the study area, compared to the boreal winter 2022. Higher precipitation levels during boreal autumn substantially increased the river discharges, transferring the total load of sediment of about 1.48 × 10−3 m3/s/m. Moreover, shoreline change analysis using digital shoreline analysis system confirmed that Bojong Salawe Beach was indicated to experience high erosion, particularly around the mouth of the estuary.

Exploring unconventional food plants used by local communities in a rural area of West Java, Indonesia: ethnobotanical assessment, use trends, and potential for improved nutrition

BackgroundAs one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, Indonesia contains over 25,000 plant species, including unconventional food plants (UFPs). These plants are integral to the dietary practices of rural communities, providing essential nutrients often overlooked in modern diets. However, the use of UFP is declining, with both their dietary and cultural values being undermined. In rural West Java, this decline in UFP biodiversity coincides with public health challenges related to malnutrition. This study aims to document the diversity of UFPs used by local communities in rural West Java, assess their nutritional value, and explore their consumption practices.MethodsData were collected using mixed methods, including interviews with 20 key informants and food frequency questionnaire administered to 107 women in three villages in the area. The nutritional compositions of documented UFPs were obtained from literature and analysis. Bivariate correlation was used to analyze the relationships between UFP consumption frequency and potential correlates.ResultsThe study documented 52 species of UFPs from 29 families, many of which are rich in nutritional value. About half of respondents (56%) consumed UFPs moderately (2–3 times a week). UFP consumption frequency had a strong correlation (r = 0.70) with associated knowledge (r = 0.70, p < 0.01) and a weak correlation with age (r = 0.240, p = 0.015), livestock possession (r = 0.260, p = 0.008), and family size (r = − 0.220, p = 0.02). Motivations for UFP consumption included availability as free food (33%), medicinal value (26%), nostalgic value (23%), and preferred taste (18%). Most respondents (92%) agreed that consumption has declined compared to the past, with perceived reduced availability and lack of knowledge cited as the primary reasons for the declining trend.ConclusionsUFP use is common in the study area, where local communities value these plants for their critical roles in diet, medicine, and culture. Given their significant potential to meet dietary needs, educating and raising awareness about UFPs can enhance their consumption and contribute to food and nutrition security.

Analisis Bencana Longsor akibat Gempa bumi Cianjur 2022 dengan DInSAR

Indonesia is a country with a high potential for disasters such as earthquakes, which usually cause changes in the shape/position of the earth's surface (deformation). The Cianjur area has a seismic vulnerability level value based on maximum ground acceleration, maximum intensity and earthquake return period. On Monday, November 21, 2022 at 13.21 WIB there was an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.6 M in the Cianjur area of West Java based on BMKG data, until November 22, 2022 there were 140 aftershocks with magnitudes of 1.2-4.2 and an average depth of approximately 10 km. As a result, causing subsidence, the purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude of subsidence in landslides due to the 2022 Cianjur earthquake using the DInSAR method. Vertical land subsidence (displacement data) due to the earthquake from DInSAR observations on displacement data, which ranged up to -101mm vertically with two soil types andosol and cambisol Overlay analysis of soil type and displacement data showed the highest area of displacement, found a match based on information circulating that Cugenang Sub-district is the most severely affected area (the existence of a new fault "Cugenang").

Bank Emok: Conflict Analysis and Sustainable Solution Efforts from the Perspective of Risk Society Theory

Bank Emok is a term for the people of Solear District, Tangerang Regency, Banten Province for institutions that are similar to conventional banks in general, but these banks are illegal and owned by individuals who rely on loan sharks to run their operating systems. This research attempts to describe the phenomenon of the increasing number of customers from Bank Emok who are trapped in debt with large interest rates, making it difficult for them to escape. This research uses qualitative methods with a case study approach and analysis of Ulrich Beck's community risk theory to be able to see and investigate more deeply the phenomena that occur in the community of Solear District, Tangerang Regency, Banten. From the analysis of the data obtained, the researcher outlined a strategy to ensure that regional governments, the private sector, and the community escape the trap of the Bank Emok because it has been proven that in several areas of West Java, there are often conflicts between the community and the bank.

Divorce Factor Classification Uses The C4.5 Algorithm Based On Particle Swarm Optimization

Cases of household divorce increased in the West Java area during the Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic has increased personal relationships and interactions between family members, and some families are using this opportunity to strengthen their relationships. However, increased family interaction can also result in increased conflict, leading to divorce. The author classifies divorce factors that have increased during the pandemic using the C4.5 Algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The main factors for divorce are economic factors that have hit during the pandemic coupled with unstable mental conditions resulting in poor communication and continuous fighting. So that the husband/wife leaves one of the parties, infidelity, and adultery, then domestic violence and ending in divorce. The dataset was taken from the West Java BPS website, and the author split the data, namely 80% training data and 20% testing data, to avoid overfitting. Research results on the classification of divorce factors during the pandemic using the C4.5 algorithm based on particle swarm optimization are an accuracy value of 87.50% and an AUC (Area Under Curve) value of 0.807, which is included in the good classification category.

Investigating Students' Anxiety on the Use of Grammar in Vocational High Schools

This study aims to discover how students experienced their learning anxiety in using English grammar in vocational high schools. This study used a descriptive quantitative method with 36 vocational high students of the eleventh grade in the areas of West Java and Jakarta as the participants in which the data include the participants' perspectives on their learning anxiety of grammar use in English learning. Based on the results, as many as 15% of students experienced a lack of motivation, 49% experienced insecurity, and 37% of students did not understand English grammar. As a result, students experienced significant learning anxiety while using the English language in a discourse without having a strong command of the language. It is then recommended that this study enable vocational high school students and teachers to find solutions to anxiety about using English in order that students can learn English grammar without anxiety or having fears. Keywords: Anxiety; English Learning; Grammar Use; Vocational High School

Deciding the Best Location for RM Bunut Sari to Open A New Branch in Greater Bandung

This research aims to support the Sundanese restaurant RM Bunut Sari in determining the optimal location for opening a new branch in the Greater Bandung area of West Java. Environmental analysis is conducted by assessing the internal capabilities of RM Bunut Sari and examining external market conditions in Bandung City, Bandung Regency, and West Bandung Regency. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) modeling is then utilized to evaluate which alternative location offers the greatest strategic advantages. Based on comparisons across decision criteria such as parking facilities, building size, visibility, distance from competitors, and property prices, Bandung Regency emerges as the recommended location. An implementation plan details the necessary launch activities spanning site selection, renovation, licensing and permissions, staffing, promotions, and eventual restaurant opening. The recommendations highlight leveraging RM Bunut Sari’s existing strengths in taste quality and service experience while closely monitoring operational and marketing outcomes from the new branch. Thus the analytical approach delivers an optimized location choice for RM Bunut Sari’s expansion, guided by environmental analysis and multi-criteria decision making.

Life-history of masked water snakes (Homalopsis buccata) in Java: implications for the sustainability of harvesting

Context Masked water snakes (Homalopsis buccata, Homalopsidae) thrive in the muddy edges of agricultural ponds and canals in densely populated areas of West Java, Indonesia, and are harvested by local farmers to protect fish stocks and to provide meat, skins, and medicines for commercial use. Aims Here, we aimed to quantify sexual dimorphism and reproductive biology of H. buccata, so as to deepen our knowledge of the species’ inherent ability to withstand commercial harvests. Methods We examined carcasses of 4286 snakes at six processing sites to quantify biological attributes (e.g. sexual dimorphism in body size and shape, seasonality of reproduction, fecundity, reproductive frequency), with emphasis on traits that affect the ability of snake populations to withstand this intensive harvesting. Key results The snakes we examined were primarily adults (&lt;1% juvenile), with approximately equal numbers of males and females except in January (when females comprised &gt;90% of specimens). Females grow larger than males, and they are more heavy-bodied but shorter-tailed than are males of the same snout–vent length. Reproduction is seasonal in both sexes, with testis volumes decreasing to a minimum over the period August to November (late dry season) when most adult-size females were gravid. Litter sizes ranged from 1 to 37 (mean 12), increasing with maternal body size, with ~75% of females reproducing each year. Conclusions On the basis of these results, we infer that the life history of H. buccata (viviparity, high fecundity, frequent reproduction, rapid maturation) renders it inherently resilient to harvesting, especially because that offtake is based on males as well as females. Because a lack of sustainability is evident only in hindsight, regular monitoring of the trade could assure that any problems are detected rapidly. Implications To further buffer these populations from the impact of harvest, hunting could be restricted during January (a time when gravid females are disproportionately vulnerable) and the largest snakes (females, with high fecundity and reproductive frequency) could be excluded from harvests.

Perancangan Model Bisnis Perusahaan Training dan Consulting PT.XYZ dengan Menggunakan Business Model Canvas

PT. XYZ is a company engaged in Business Training &amp; Consulting located in the city of Bandung. PT. XYZ was established in 2012. Currently, the company cannot achieve its annual revenue target. This is due to problems in terms of marketing such as the absence of employer partners and limited marketing activities, limited employees, to increasingly fierce business competition in similar fields. Solutions to the problems experienced by PT. XYZ can be overcome through evaluation of the current business model so that the best solution can be found from the existing problems with the role of the proposed business model. Business model design is carried out using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) method. Currently there is one customer segment served by PT. XYZ is a company located in the West Java area with revenues of more than Rp 4,000,000.00 per month and has Islamic value. Data collection was obtained from interviews with customers to find out customer profile and business model environment and questionnaires were distributed to determine SWOT by utilizing internal company resources. From the results of the data analysis obtained, a business model canvas was then designed and verification and validation were carried out. Verification is carried out with research supervisors and owners of PT. XYZ. Furthermore, the proposed business model will be designed a mockup that will be used for the validation process to the owner of PT. XYZ. The design results obtained in this study are making improvements to the customer segment block by expanding the customer segment in Indonesia, the customer relationship block by providing service guarantees, feedback facilities and service incentives, channel blocks by participating in MSME events, value proposition blocks by adding service bundling packages, service variations, services through the website so that they are easily accessible and create product substitutions, and in the key partner block of PT. XYZ can collaborate with INKINDO, the organizer of MSME events to develop their business. By implementing this proposed business model, PT. XYZ hopes to increase annual revenue targets and improve business performance to reach potential markets.PT. XYZ is a company engaged in Business Training &amp; Consulting located in the city of Bandung. PT. XYZ was established in 2012. Currently, the company cannot achieve its annual revenue target. This is due to problems in terms of marketing such as the absence of employer partners and limited marketing activities, limited employees, to increasingly fierce business competition in similar fields. Solutions to the problems experienced by PT. XYZ can be overcome through evaluation of the current business model so that the best solution can be found from the existing problems with the role of the proposed business model. Business model design is carried out using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) method. Currently there is one customer segment served by PT. XYZ is a company located in the West Java area with revenues of more than Rp 4,000,000.00 per month and has Islamic value. Data collection was obtained from interviews with customers to find out customer profile and business model environment and questionnaires were distributed to determine SWOT by utilizing internal company resources. From the results of the data analysis obtained, a business model canvas was then designed and verification and validation were carried out. Verification is carried out with research supervisors and owners of PT. XYZ. Furthermore, the proposed business model will be designed a mockup that will be used for the validation process to the owner of PT. XYZ. The design results obtained in this study are making improvements to the customer segment block by expanding the customer segment in Indonesia, the customer relationship block by providing service guarantees, feedback facilities and service incentives, channel blocks by participating in MSME events, value proposition blocks by adding service bundling packages, service variations, services through the website so that they are easily accessible and create product substitutions, and in the key partner block of PT. XYZ can collaborate with INKINDO, the organizer of MSME events to develop their business. By implementing this proposed business model, PT. XYZ hopes to increase annual revenue targets and improve business performance to reach potential markets.

Study of Reducing Transmission Losses in Java-Bali System with the Addition of Capacitors along with Optimal Capacitor Placement Methods Using Quasi-Dynamic Simulation

The Java-Bali electricity system is the largest electricity system in Indonesia which consists of 5 areas including Jakarta-Banten area, West Java area, Central Java area, East Java area and Bali area. This system is operated to meet the economic, reliability, quality, and green principles. In the case of reliability, one of the essential aims is minimization of transmission losses due to importance in system improvement to increase system operational efficiency to the possible extent. Transmission losses are an inevitable part of the electric power transfer process from generation stations to consumers. The power losses in a transmission line are inversely proportional to the square of the line voltage. This implies that lower line voltages result in higher power losses. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain optimal voltage levels to minimize transmission losses and ensure efficient energy delivery across the power system. One effective way to achieve this is by integrating capacitors into the system. In this study, we have explored two methods that aim to pinpoint the most advantageous locations for the integration of new capacitors. The goal is to optimize capacitor planning, with an emphasis not only on improving voltage levels but also on minimizing transmission losses within the Java-Bali system. The research results indicate that implementing two proposed methods can significantly reduce transmission losses in The Java-Bali system. Method-1 involves identifying the lowest voltage over the course of a year, while Method-2 focuses on the lowest voltage value within the first quartile (Q1/25%) during the same period

PERANCANGAN LOGO DAN BRANDING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DAYA TARIK DAN NILAI JUAL UMKM DI DESA SIRNAJAYA

Numerous MSMEs are developing and creating in Bekasi, such as in Serangbaru, particularly in Sirnajaya village, one of the regions in West Java area with geographical conditions that have very huge potential within the areas of agriculture and industry. Observations were carried out amid this socialization to discover out how innovation is creating in Sirnajaya village. In any case, numerous MSMEs in Sirnajaya village tend to have a advertise reach that's still nearby since they don't however have business identity and items that can be recognized by the more extensive community. Logos and branding are characters that can be utilized as apparatuses to recognize items and businesses, but to utilize logos and bundling you must pay attention to the components in realistic plan so that you simply can create a symbol with appealing branding. The significance of a symbol for MSMEs is one of the critical things for a company or your commerce. Having a symbol can reflect the personality of the company itself so that it is superior known to numerous individuals, in this manner building a brand is critical in beginning a trade.

The Effectiveness of Tubular Ceramic Membrane Made from Seashell and Clay for Groundwater Filtration

The Karawang Regency is located on the coast and is the largest industrial area in West Java. However, this has led to groundwater seepage issues that cause the water to taste salty and cause yellow stains. To solve these issues, a study was conducted to filter the groundwater using tubular ceramic membranes. This study created tubular ceramic membranes using three different composition; Clay:Seashell = 60%:30% (CM-1); 45%:45% (CM-2); 30%:60% (CM-3); and 10% zeolite. The ceramic membranes were sintered at 1000°C for 10 hours. The research aimed to analyze how different compositions of ceramic membrane materials affected the efficiency of reducing pH, manganese, Total Dissolved Solids, salinity, and hardness. This ceramic membrane has a good effectiveness level completed with the best tubular ceramic membrane variant in reducing water pH levels being CM-1 (7.2-7.5), CM-1 is the best reduction of TDS by 284.66 mg/L, CM-2 is the best reduction of Mn metal by 0.235 mg/L, CM-3 is the best reduction in hardness by 84.333 ppm, and CM-1 is the best reduction in salinity by 108 ppm.