West Coast Of Aceh Research Articles

Settlement of Islamic Sharia Violations in the Perspective of Teungku Dayah and Local Wisdom Values on the West Coast of Aceh

The implementation of Islamic Sharia in Aceh has experienced dynamics since it was first implemented in early 2000—the presence of pro and contra attitudes from the community towards the interpretation and existence of Islamic Sharia. As a result, a model for resolving sharia violations based on local values ​​often emerges. This study departs from the central question of why the people of Aceh often choose local deals in determining several breaches of Islamic law in society. This study seeks to analyze the resolution of violations of Islamic law in the border areas of Aceh with local consensus values. The phrase border Aceh refers to a multi-identity place (ethnicity and religion). This study combines two concepts between local wisdom and Islamic law. The research method uses a qualitative approach with grounded research. The study results show that people who live on the border of Aceh, especially several districts on the West Coast of Aceh, often choose a local (non-Sharia) approach in cases of violations of Islamic Sharia. Settlements with local values ​​are considered more readily accepted by the community. Interestingly, this study found that the role of local wisdom can also reduce the number of violations of Islamic law in the border communities of Aceh.

Seaweed diversity and community structure on the west coast of Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract. Erniati, Erlangga, Andika Y, Muliani. 2023. Seaweed diversity and community structure on the west coast of Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2189-2200. One of the commodities that continues to be developed by the Indonesian government in fisheries is seaweed. The potential of seaweed as a food ingredient in Aceh is very abundant. However, diversity and community structure of seaweeds on the west coast of Aceh have not been studied much. Therefore, this study has been carried out to assess the diversity and community structure of seaweeds on the west coast of Aceh based on transect method. Sampling has been carried out in all districts/cities (6 districts and 1 city) of west coast of Aceh. Altogether, a total of 50 species have been identified; of which, maximum number of species belongs to Phaeophyta (21 species) followed by Chlorophyta (16 species) and Rhodophyta (13 species). The estimated value of diversity (H'), uniformity (E), and dominance (D) index is 1.02, 0.50 and 0.51 respectively. Based on the univariate diversity indices analysis, it has been found that seaweed on the west coast of Aceh is in the moderate category. Furthermore, the water quality parameters revealed the existence of conducive environmental conditions for the growth and life of seaweed. So, it is proposed that use of appropriate seaweed culture techniques can be carried out on the west coast of Aceh to able to make Aceh a seaweed center in Indonesia.

The Species Composition of Phytoplankton and Nutrient Content in the Nipa Nypa fruticans Ecosystem on the West Coast of Aceh, Indonesia

Nipa Nypa fruticans grows in estuaries that are affected by sea waters and freshwater. Therefore, the Nipa habitat develops into an area of water mass circulation and becomes rich in nutrients that trigger the growth of phytoplankton as the primary producer in the aquatic ecosystem. This study aimed to examine the species composition and distribution of phytoplankton and nutrient content in the nipa ecosystem on the west coast of Aceh, Indonesia. It was conducted from July 2018 to September 2019 and sampling was carried out in two areas, namely Kuala Bubon Aceh Barat district and Kuala Tadu, Nagan Raya district. A total of 100L of surface water samples was taken from three points at each location. Subsequently, the water was filtered with a plankton net mesh No. 25 and preserved with a 4% Lugol solution. The water sample from both locations was also analyzed for nitrogen and phosphorus contents. The results showed that there were 20 species of phytoplankton in both sampling locations, with Kuala Bubon consisting of 13 species with density of 160.87 cells L-1, and 15 species in Kuala Tadu with density of 273.64 cells L-1. Haramonas sp. was the dominant species in Kuala Bubon, while Amphisolenia bidentata was dominant in Kuala Tadu. Based on the nutrient content (nitrate+nitrite and phosphate), the average nutrient content in Kuala Bubon was 1.31 mg L-1 (mesotrophic) and 0.12 mg L-1 phosphate (hypertrophic). Meanwhile, Kuala Tadu had 1.078 mg L-1 nitrate+nitrite (mesotrophic) and phosphate, 0.22 mg L-1 (hypertrophic) waters. These findings are an early indication that the estuary of Kuala Bubon and Kuala Tadu have been contaminated by organic matter.

M2 tidal energy extraction in the Western Waters of Aceh, Indonesia

The influence of the principal lunar semidiurnal tidal constituent M2 is significant in the Malacca Strait, the Andaman Sea, and the Bay of Bengal. However, in the Indian Ocean, due to depth, the influence is not as strong as in those regions. The Western Waters of Aceh are directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean, the Andaman Sea, and the Malacca Strait. This study aims to map the tidal energy potential of M2 along the west coast of Aceh. The energy derived from tides is used as renewable energy to support the government's development targets. This study considered a power formula produced by a tidal turbine. The current velocity and elevation results showed excellent results. The weak tidal currents are evenly distributed in the south of the domain, but the tidal currents are strong in the north of the research domain because of the shallower depths and narrow gaps. Based on the magnitude of the current velocity, the extracted power is significant in the northern domain, reaching 337.08 kWh in one M2 period, or 507.36 kWh in a day. This amount is obtained from the power generated when the current reaches the blade, with a minimum of 3.79 W and a maximum of 6.37 kW. The total power obtained in the conversion of electrical power units was 507.36 kWh in one day. The location with the highest extraction has a depth of 24–43 m at sea level; thus, building a tidal turbine power plant is very possible.

Natural dilution and distribution of ammonia of groundwater in Kuta Alam sub-district, Banda Aceh city 16 years post tsunami

The 2004 earthquake off the west coast of Aceh caused a catastrophic tsunami. The massive influx of seawater into the land affected the environment, especially groundwater. Kuta Alam was one of the sub-districts worst affected by the tsunami. In 2005 and 2006, the quality of groundwater degraded due to, among others, the content of ammonia compounds. Increasing the population density after city reconstruction became a problem for the environment as domestic waste also pollutes the groundwater. This study proved that while 2 of the 3 research samples showed a decrease in the level of ammonia compounds in groundwater. One sampling in a densely populated area showed an increase of ammonia concentration. In areas that are not densely populated, ammonia compounds have diluted to an acceptable level, but an increase was found in densely populated areas. This indicated that the pollution was most likely occur around high population area. Proofing through a simple linear regression analysis showed a strong correlation between the content of ammonia compounds and population density.

Coastal and settlement typologies-based tsunami modeling along the northern Sumatra seismic gap zone for disaster risk reduction action plans

Since after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, multiple efforts have been carried out to investigate the occurrence potential of tsunami-generating earthquakes. One of the studies concluded that large earthquakes are expected to occur along the seismic gap zone in the west coast of Sumatra and thus have the potential to generate tsunamis. The objectives of the research are to (1) investigate the existence of the seismic gap zone and to calculate the potential energy of expected earthquakes along the zone; (2) develop a tsunami model based on the relation between tsunami amplitude, arrival time, and coastal and settlement typologies; and (3) suggest tsunami mitigation action plans for surrounding areas in order to reduce the risk of disaster. The earthquake distribution in Aceh indicates the presence of a seismic gap zone in the west coast of Aceh, indicated by the decrease in seismic activities within the area since 2008. The potential energy is equivalent to an Mw 8.7 earthquake. The earthquake has the potential to generate a tsunami with a maximum amplitude of 20 m in the west coast of Aceh. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis was applied to determine the hazard and vulnerability levels. Having the information of hazards and vulnerability, we derived the priority level of the study area and suggested the tsunami mitigation action that needs to be applied to the area. The results indicate that the AHP method gave stable results in the determination of the vulnerability, hazard, and priority levels and thus can be used for other regions of similar coastal and settlement typologies.The results also show that Banda Aceh, Calang, and Meulaboh cities are zones of priority level 1, where all components of tsunami action plans should be implemented, comprising (1) the provision of an early warning system and related information; (2) the construction of evacuation routes and buildings; (3) the improvement of knowledge of disaster risk; and (4) the strengthening of awareness and preparedness. All action plans should be applied for Blang Pidie, as the city is included in an area of priority level 2. For the areas with priority level 3, including Tapak Tuan, and Singkil, the government should improve knowledge of disaster risk and strengthen community awareness and preparedness.

LIMBAH AMPAS TAHU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI PAKAN IKAN NAGAN RAYA

Nagan Raya is one of the districts on the west coast of Aceh with an area of 311,480 km2, consisting of 9 districts, 222 villages. The strategic location, the possibility of developing a large fishery field. Nagan Raya began to develop the field of fisheries through aquaculture. Devotion to this community using the method of mentoring and coaching through knowledge transfer in the form of training and practice of making fish feed into feed products. Process activities that have been implemented in the form of mentoring and coaching then classified the type of output at each stage that is passed; Partners can make artificial fish feed with waste alternatives using pellet machines, packing and marketing. Communities in Nagan Raya also produce tofu as processed from soybeans, this preparation will produce waste of tofu waste, which is currently not utilized optimally. The raw material of this training is the tofu and waste waste of dried fish to be processed into feed powder. Tofu waste is used as a feed ingredients because it has advantages in addition to the nutrient content owned also utilize waste processing so that environmental pollution can be avoided. Waste know this is an alternative material of raw materials of environmentally friendly fish feed. Because it is made from waste processing industry residue. Conceptually and the application of science transfer transfer is done through: aspects of fish feed manufacturing techniques and marketing aspects.

Recovery status of mangroves along western coast of Aceh until 7 years after the 2004 Tsunami

The recovery status of mangroves at west coast of Aceh until 7 years post the Indian Ocean tsunami (IOT) was examined. The field researches were conducted during January 2005 to December 2011 in more than 20 km (1) to record flora species that were resistant to the paroxysm of tsunami swells, and (2) to record and observe the appearance of several existing and new plant species caused by tsunami. The main result shows that (1) mangrove beaches may not recover at all to their original state because the topography has changed greatly and the hydrological and sediment condition differ from their previous conditions, (2) most of mangrove trees dead due to change in habitat environments, (3) some mangrove species in land subsidence coasts were found migrating landward through seed recruitment, naturally, (4) several species of mangroves appear to flourish in the natural stands with mother trees survived against tsunami, (5) new species, for example, Typha angustifolia greatly colonize along the intertidal areas, and (6) Acrostichum aureum (mangrove fern) population occupies an bare lands left by mangrove vegetation communities or abandoned brackish pond. Because mangroves provide bio-shields or natural belts, more lives can possibly be survived during the natural hazard, including tsunamis. Unluckily, due to high market of brackish pond products, severe damage to mangroves was not managed. Therefore, degraded mangroves must be restored and preserved very well in the future.

Spatial analysis of post tsunami 2004 coastline changes in Lampuuk, Aceh Besar

Based on the geological records, the tsunami in 2004 has resulted in coastline shifts along the west coast of Aceh. One of the beaches in the western region that undergoes a major coastline change is Lampuuk beach. This study aims to determine the shoreline changes occurring at Lampuuk beach. The study of coastline changes was done by utilizing remote sensing using satellite imagery and geographic information system. Geographic information systems were used to analyze spatial data obtained from multitemporal satellite imagery before and after the tsunami disaster. The results show that coastline changes occur very significantly during the 2004 tsunami and persisted until 2005, but after 2010 the coastline was back to normal. During 2001-2005 there was a reduction in coastal plains caused by the 2004 tsunami waves. In 2005-2018 the sedimentation process at Lampuuk Beach was more dominant, assisting to adjust the shape of the coastal profile as before the 2004 tsunami. The results also show that the Lampuuk area was more sedimentary than erosion.

ANALISA KANDUNGAN Pb DAN Fe PADA AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN (AMDK) PRODUKSI PANTAI BARAT SELATAN ACEH

All minerals contained in drinking water, including Pb and Fe, shall be inaccordance with Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010, which shall not exceed 0.01 mg/l for Pb and 0.3 mg/l for Fe. The provision is also required against Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK). If the content is excessive can disrupt and endanger health.Based on Permenkes Number 492/2010, the researchers have conducted the test of Pb and Fe content of 7 (seven) brands of Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) local production of the western-southern coastal area of Aceh province. In the study, researchers used descriptive methods based on laboratory test results. The sampling technique is done by purposive sampling, in which each brand is taken 3 (three) drinking water sample in glass packaging 220-230 ml from different market/location. The results of observation, researchers found 7 brands of Drinking Water In Packaging (AMDK). The test is repeated 2 times. So the total is 42 test samples. The results showed that from 42 test samples gave excellent results on Pb content, which of the seven brands of AMDK tested did not show the Pb content to the lowest limit that can be detected by Atomic Absorption Spectrosphotometry (SSA), which is 0.002 mg/l. The content of Pb is far below the requirement stipulated in Permenkes Number 492/2010, is not exceeding 0.01 mg/l. While the Fe content of the seven brands of AMDK tested gave varying values, but the content is still very low compared to the Fe content permitted Permenkes No. 492/2010, which does not exceed 0.3 mg/l. Where there are 2 brands of AMDK have Fe content ranging from 0.12 to 0.17 mg/l, while from 5 other brands of AMDK have Fe content ranges from 0.0113 to 0.0941 mg/l. So, from the results obtained it can be concluded that the seven brands of Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) production area of South West Coast of Aceh is safe for consumption, because it does not cause the impact of Pb and Fe content is still far from the maximum set Permenkes No. 492/2010.Keywords: Pb, Fe, Bottled Drinking Water

UJI KANDUNGAN BAKTERI E-COLI PADA AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN BEBERAPA PRODUK LOKAL PANTAI BARAT SELATAN ACEH

As the ever-increasing water demand, especially consumption, has prompted the emergence of a variety of drinking water business, both of Bottled Drinking Water (bottled water) as well as drinking water refill. Each of drinking water produced, must meet the quality requirements set by the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Among these are the quality requirements of drinking water must be free of bacteria or germs. E-coli bacteria in the body can cause intestinal fever or dysentery. If late untreated can result in death due to loss of body fluids.The main purpose of this study was to determine that the Bottled Water production South West coast of Aceh free from the content of the e-coli bacteria according to the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492 / Menkes / PER / IV / 2010. It can be concluded Bottled Drinking Water (bottled water) is safe or not for public consumption.To carry out this study, researchers using descriptive method is based on laboratory test results. The technique of sampling was done by purposive sampling, where each brand is taken three (3) samples of drinking water in the glass packaging 220-230 ml of markets / locations. Observation, researchers found seven brands of Bottled Drinking Water (bottled water). Tests conducted repetition 2 times. So the total number is 42 samples tested.The results showed that of the 42 samples test negative results the content of the e-coli bacteria. From the results obtained it can be concluded that the seven brands of Bottled Drinking Water (bottled water) production area of the West Coast of South Aceh is safe for public consumption because it is free of the content of the e-coli bacteria.Kewords : bakteri e-coli, bottled water, water production, healthy

Assessment of Natural Regeneration of Mangrove Species at Tsunami Affected Areas in Indonesia and Malaysia

Indian Ocean tsunami caused extensive damage on human life and coastal environments, including fragmented mangroves prior to 2004 tsunami. The natural regeneration of mangrove woody species was assessed in four tidal coasts of Aceh and Peninsular Malaysia during August 2015 to August 2016. A total of 23 mangrove woody species was recorded and they having good ability in term of natural regeneration at tsunami affected areas. The North coast of Aceh was recorded as richest mangrove with 22 species, followed by East coast of Aceh (17 species) and Peninsular Malaysia coast (13 species). In addition, the poorest mangrove was found in West coast of Aceh (7 species). Some species, such as Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, Nypa fruticans, Scaevola taccada and Sonneratia caseolaris are found growing well in all sites. In contrast, Bruguiera cylindrica is only found in West coast of Peninsular Malaysia as same as Ceriops tagal, Phoenix paludosa and Sonneratia ovata are only found in North coast of Aceh. To date, some areas of natural regenerated mangrove were ruined by negative activities, such as illegal cutting and encroachment. Therefore, public consultations and community participations were needed to develop and conserve the important natural assets.

BATU NISAN DI SITUS BINANGA SEBAGAI INDIKASI PEMUKIMAN MUSLIM KUNO DI PANTAI BARAT ACEH

This article aims to discuss the development of ancient Muslim settlements on the west coast of Aceh based on the findings of Islamic gravestones at the Binanga site in Subulussalam City, Aceh. This site is very unique, it is located inland and right on the banks of the Singkel River, which is connected to the highlands of Sumatra. There are 131 Islamic gravestones, and their shapes vary greatly. The results of the morphological analysis show that the gravestones were divided into two groups: Aceh gravestones (batu Aceh) and Barus gravestones (nisan Barus). There are no biographical inscriptions carved on the gravestones, however, the morphological analysis shows that these gravestones date from the 18th to 19th centuries AD. These tombstones indicate that Muslim communities began to settle permanently in the interior of Aceh's west coast in the 1700s. The emergence of these settlements is related to the migration of people from the highlands of Sumatra to the west coast of Aceh, which was motivated by the development of international trade centered in Singkel and its surroundings since the 18th and 19th centuries AD. Thus, the tombstone on this site is very important because gave the clear picture to understand the emergence of Muslim settlements on the west coast of Aceh in the past.

Influence of coastal vegetation on the 2004 tsunami wave impact in west Aceh

In a tsunami event human casualties and infrastructure damage are determined predominantly by seaquake intensity and offshore properties. On land, wave energy is attenuated by gravitation (elevation) and friction (land cover). Tree belts have been promoted as "bioshields" against wave impact. However, given the lack of quantitative evidence of their performance in such extreme events, tree belts have been criticized for creating a false sense of security. This study used 180 transects perpendicular to over 100 km on the west coast of Aceh, Indonesia to analyze the influence of coastal vegetation, particularly cultivated trees, on the impact of the 2004 tsunami. Satellite imagery; land cover maps; land use characteristics; stem diameter, height, and planting density; and a literature review were used to develop a land cover roughness coefficient accounting for the resistance offered by different land uses to the wave advance. Applying a spatial generalized linear mixed model, we found that while distance to coast was the dominant determinant of impact (casualties and infrastructure damage), the existing coastal vegetation in front of settlements also significantly reduced casualties by an average of 5%. In contrast, dense vegetation behind villages endangered human lives and increased structural damage. Debris carried by the backwash may have contributed to these dissimilar effects of land cover. For sustainable and effective coastal risk management, location of settlements is essential, while the protective potential of coastal vegetation, as determined by its spatial arrangement, should be regarded as an important livelihood provider rather than just as a bioshield.

Community Fisheries Resources Management: A Case Study on the West Coast of Aceh

Community Fisheries Resources Management: A Case Study on the West Coast of Aceh