West Of Algeria Research Articles

Phytochemical characterization and valorization of Quercus ilex (west of Algeria)

<p><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;" lang="EN-US">This project is part of the promotion of natural resources such as Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP). In order to assess the economic value of NTFP, this research focuses on the phytochemical analysis of holm oak (</span><em><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;" lang="EN-US">Quercus ilex </span></em><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;" lang="EN-US">L.) from the Terni region (Western Algeria). It focused on bioactive substances, particularly polyphenols. The method used consists of extracting the phenolic compounds by two methods which are maceration and ultrasound from the leaves and bark of this species. The quantity of these compounds is assessed spectrometrically and the antioxidant activity of the extracts in vitro using free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity assays. The results obtained indicate that maceration offers the best yield for extracting phenolic compounds from the leaves, with a yield of 10.74%. These results also showed that the extracts of holm oak leaves and bark are rich in phenolic compounds and have a content of total phenols (103,014±1,393 and 813.462±1.675 mg EAG/g DM), flavonoids (87.078±6.220 and 949.936±36.394 mg EC/g DM) and condensed tannins (57.194±12.447 and 940.195±20.417 mg EC/g DM). Regarding the antioxidant power, it is evident that all extracts have significant antioxidant capacity, and all have high free radical scavenging activity. The highest inhibition percents are 84.98±7.45% for the leaf extract and 83.15±9.27% for the bark extract. According to these results, holm oak contains a large quantity of polyphenols and antioxidant molecules. This information represents a natural source of antioxidants which remains to be exploited for future use in the agri-food and health sectors, within the broader framework of promoting the biodiversity of Algerian plants (NTFP).</span></p>

The molecular significance of BRCA1 promoter methylation in peripheral blood cells in women with breast cancer in West Algeria

IntroductionEpigenetic alterations, in particular DNA methylation, are the most important mechanism that silences tumor suppressor genes during carcinogenesis. Methylation of the BRCA1 promoter in peripheral blood is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. In the present study, we aimed, for the first time in western Algeria, to investigate the role of BRCA1 CpG promoter methylation in peripheral blood cells (PBCs) among breast cancer patients, as a potential biomarker for detecting breast cancer risk at an early age.Material and methodsThe methylation profile of the BRCA1 gene promoter and its frequency in PBCs, derived from 39 breast cancer patients, was explored by methylation-specific PCR (MSPCR). The association between methylation profiles and clinicopathological features was evaluated with SPSS statistics software to estimate a convenient biomarker for early detection of breast cancer.ResultsMSPCR results demonstrated that the methylation frequency of the BRCA1 gene promoter detected in PBCs is significantly higher than in other populations. It was observed in 23 of 39 (58.97%) breast cancer patients.ConclusionsOur study showed that the methylation of the BRCA1 gene promoter detected in PBCs’ DNA could have potential utility in clinical diagnostics as a new biomarker for breast cancer risk in Algerian women and for early detection.

Study of natural antagonists of potato cyst nematode “Globodera sp.” in west Algeria: Nematological analysis

Study of natural antagonists of potato cyst nematode “Globodera sp.” in west Algeria: Nematological analysis

Potential contamination of groundwater quality in west Algeria by non-biodegradable effluents from public discharges

The aim of this work is to study the environmental impact of the municipal landfill in the town of Sidi Bel Abbes (western Algeria), in particular on the water table, which circulates at a shallow depth (Max. 20 m) under permeable soil. The huge quantities of putrescible waste discharged into this landfill generate highly polluting leachate water, rich in organic matter (COD up to 1300 mg/L, 209 mg/L in BOD5), salts and micro-organisms. A physico-chemical study of well water in the region reveals a significant deterioration in the quality of the underlying groundwater. In fact, electrical conductivities (on average 5.75 mS/cm) are common in wells, especially those located close to the landfill site. This indicates heavy contamination of the water in these wells by leachate. As for the organic and metallic load, abnormally high levels (82 mg/l in COD, 40 mg/l in BOD₅, 0.74 mg/L in Cr, 0.45 mg/L in Cd, 0.24 mg/L in Cu, 0.85 mg/L in Ni) were observed, mainly in the wells located near and downstream of the landfill, in the direction of groundwater flow.

The Gliadin Analysis by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Traditional Fermented “Hamoum” Wheat in West Algeria

Our ancestors had always used food fermentation without having a scientific explanation. Their natural phenomena with therapeutic potential became interesting only in the early twentieth century. A comparative study between the electrophoretic profiles of wheat proteins of fermented wheat type Hamoum (FWH) and regular unfermented wheat (NUW) was performed to identify the effect of fermentation realized by the traditional technique using underground storage (locally named Matmora) for 12 months. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was performed after the sequential extraction of different proteins (albumins/globulins, gliadins and glutenins). The results showed a total degradation of the regular wheat proteins after fermentation. Fermented wheat type Hamoum (FWH) could be a good alternative for people with disorders related to gluten ingestion as compared to regular unfermented wheat (NUW).

New distribution and breeding location of the Stock Dove Columba oenas in Algeria

Abstract Algeria hosts seven species of the Columbidae family, including pigeons and doves, the majority of which have been the subject of numerous studies, but none have been conducted on the Stock Dove (Columba oenas). Data on this species are still scarce, and its distribution is limited only to Kabylie in northern Algeria. Species occurrence data were collected from September 2022 to August 2023 using the point count method. However, the species was recently recorded in several new localities (20 stations) in West Algeria, at Sidi Bel Abbès and Tlemcen. All our observations were made in a semi-arid bioclimatic area at an altitude ranging between 750 and 1,216 m. Nesting sites were located on woodland and forest edges, not far from water sources, and feeding sites were located in open, natural, or agricultural environments where cereal seeds, grasses, flower buds, and young green shoots were consumed. It could also cohabit with other species of pigeons and doves.

VALORIZATION OF AGROPASTORAL PRODUCTS AND BY-PRODUCTS. CASE OF THE WILAYA OF NÂAMA (WESTERN ALGERIA)

The present work aims to design an approach of valorization of agropastoral products and by-products in the wilaya of Naâma (West Algeria). The analysis of the surveys carried out on 364 breeders reveals that lamb production is characterized by a high economic value with a share 85 % of sold products in total production, followed by «Milk» with a rate of 24%. The rate of wool shows that this resource is classified as a low-value by-product since 77% of producers are unable to sold their fleeces. The skin is classified as a by-product without significant value, since only about 03% of breeders sold their product. Our approach of valorization of this production is initiated in a broad conception that integrates several actors. The SWOT matrix for the valorization of agro-pastoral products highlights the internal strengths and strengths and external opportunities offered, identifying internal weaknesses to resolve them while limiting external threats.

Monitoring of water quality generated by MSF and reverse osmosis at the Kahrama and Mactâa plants in West Algeria

Monitoring of water quality generated by MSF and reverse osmosis at the Kahrama and Mactâa plants in West Algeria

Analysis of the reliability of photovoltaic-micro-wind based hybrid power system with battery storage for optimized electricity generation at Tlemcen, north west Algeria

Analysis of the reliability of photovoltaic-micro-wind based hybrid power system with battery storage for optimized electricity generation at Tlemcen, north west Algeria

P-223 Nutritional screening and assessment in patients followed for gastrointestinal cancers in west of Algeria

P-223 Nutritional screening and assessment in patients followed for gastrointestinal cancers in west of Algeria

GENETIC ASSOCIATION STUDY BETWEEN T-786C NOS3 POLYMORPHISM AND ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION IN AN ALGERIAN POPULATION OF THE ORAN CITY

Objective: We aim in this study to analyze the relationship between NOS3 -786T/C, a common genetic variant and HTN in a sample of the Algerian population of the Oran city. Design and method: A case-control study has been performed on 154 subjects including 77 hypertensives and 77 normotensives. The recruitment of these subjects was done in local Health Centers of the city of Oran, West Algeria. Consent was obtained from all participants. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with restrictive fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used to genotype the NOS -786T/C variant. Results: The distribution of the allelic frequencies did not differ between cases and controls. However, after adjustment with the age, sex, and body mass index, we observed a significant association between NOS -786C allele and HTN status. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the C allele of the NOS3 gene is associated with an increased risk of essential hypertension in this sample of the Algerian population of Oran city.

Description and distribution of three morphotypes of the Eucyclopsserrulatus group (Crustacea, Copepoda, Cyclopoida) from Algerian water bodies.

Examination of Eucyclops populations coming from Algerian water bodies and identified as Eucyclopscf.serrulatus showed three morphotypes, based on morphometric characters and microcharacters. Morphotype 1 was the most abundant, collected in the east and the west of Algeria. Morphotype 2 was sampled in the south of the country, characterised by posterolaterally elongated thoracic segments and the fourth thoracic segment bearing cilia on its lateral angles. Morphotype 3 was found in a small temporary pond in the north of the country and was the smallest one. Other differences were observed on surface microcharacters of antenna basipodite, coxopodite and intercoxal plate of the fourth leg. The characters of the most widespread morphotype (morphotype1) were stable in all localities despite the fact that these were located in two geographically separated regions (eastern and western Algeria). Three morphotypes of Eucyclopsserrulatus group (Fisher, 1851) (Crustacea, Copepoda, Cyclopoida) from Algerian water bodies were identified. The characters of the most widespread morphotype (morphotype 1) were stable in all localities despite the fact that these were located in two geographically separated regions (eastern and western Algeria).

A Cognitive Analysis of White Colour Metaphorization in Algerian Arabic

This study explores the use of white verbal colour metaphors in the Algerian context. It seeks to unravel how the use of conceptual metaphors symbolises white colour. Data informants were eight native speakers of the dialect under scrutiny, and the corpus of the study consisted of 14 verbal metaphors. The researcher adopted Lakoff and Johnsons’s Conceptual Metaphor Theory (1980) and Charteris Black’s Critical Metaphor Analysis (2004) to analyse data. The findings revealed that a very high proportion of the examples are mapped onto positive domains in the Algerian culture, such as spiritual purity. Negative connotations of white in Algeria included drugs, anger, and poison. Some findings of this study assimilated previously obtained conclusions in the field. The researchers linked this to shared factors such as culture, language, economy, and history. About differences, they emanate from the Algerian community's various cultural, historical, and social backgrounds, including the long colonial history of both France and Turkey in Algeria. However, the differences in conceptualising concepts in the east and west of Algeria can be traced back to the vast distance that separates the two (over 1.800 km).

Optimization of GC-MS Method for Analysis of Basil Essential Oils from Algeria: Design of Experiments and Exploratory Pattern Recognition

An optimization procedure for multistep temperature-programmed capillary gas chromatography was developed for the analysis of basil essential oil. The current study was planned after performing the following three steps: a preliminary chromatographic study, primary parameter screening, and final method optimization by using 23 factorial and Doehlert designs (DOE). The optimized conditions were obtained by using a split ratio of 1 / 2 , a gas flow rate of 1.3 mL/min, and a heating rate of 2°C/min. This set of conditions was later used for the optimization of the final method. The optimal experimental conditions were subsequently obtained by response surface optimization (isotherm duration = 6.2 min and slope = 1.06°C/min). The compositions of essential oils from six varieties of basil (Ocimum B. (1), Ocimum B. purpurescens opal (2), Ocimum B. minimum (3), Ocimum. B. cinnamon (4), Ocimum B. (marcellas) (5), and Ocimum B. Citriodora (6)) grown in four regions of Algeria (Ouargla, south of Algeria (O); Mostaganem, west of Algeria (M); Algiers, north of Algeria (A), and Constantine, east of Algeria (C)) were determined. A statistical study was performed based on hierarchical ascending classification and principal component analysis to elucidate the relationships between the basil varieties, their region of growth, and their essential oil composition. In addition to identifying several chemotypes, such as linalool, linalool/eugenol, linalool acetate, methyl eugenol, methyl chavicol, eugenol, methyl cinnamate E, and geraniol, a new compound, namely, octadecenamide (Z) (oleamide), was detected in the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. from Algiers (A1).

Comparative evaluation of wind resources using the computer tool WAPs, case study of Mecheria West Algeria

The aim of this work is to assess the wind potential in the Mecheriaregion, located in Western Algerian Hautes plains that are characterized by an important elevation average between 800m and 1400m, which has a major impact on wind speed acceleration. Using ten years of collected data from 2011 to 2021, the statistical analysis gives an annual mean wind speed equal to 5.6 m/s at 10m hub height above the ground level. Then four main types of wind turbines: NEG-Micon 44/750 kW, Nordex N50/800 kW, Vestas V50/850 kW and PowerWind 56/900 kW. are compared and analyzed using WAsP software to obtain the annual wind characteristics A, k, V and P for each wind turbine and select the most appropriate technology in the study area. Furthermore, an economic analysis was carried out by RETScreen software, to select the turbine that produces low cost and high capacity factors, and the results show that PwerWind 56 turbine is the most suitable one for the selected site.

Amoxicillin loaded bentonite, advanced low-cost antibacterial and environmentally friendly materials

In this paper, natural bentonite (N-BENT) from the west of Algeria was used to prepare new inorganic-organic hybrid materials by accommodating amoxicillin (AMO) as a biological molecule in its interlayer space. The incorporation of AMO within the structure of bentonite was carried out through an ion exchange process between the interlayer's sodium and potassium cations, and the biological AMO molecules leading to two hybrids AMO1@BENT and AMO2@BENT materials with different AMO exchange rates. The intercalation of AMO between the aluminosilicate layers of bentonite material was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis which showed that the basal spacing of bentonite shifted from 12.39 Å to ∼15 Å for both obtained hybrid materials. Other characterization methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV–Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy validated the intercalation of AMO in the bentonite and explained the phenomenon occurred during this intercalation process. The prepared materials were tested against gram-positive which are Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) and Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the gram-negative bacteria which are Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), the results exhibited a very high antibacterial activity against the six bacteria. Indeed, an inhibition diameter as high as 55mm was obtained in the case of pathogenic MRSA bacteria. Furthermore, AMO2@BENT material is still very active against pathogenic MRSA bacteria after several reuses. All these results could make these low-cost hybrid materials exploitable in many different fields such as medicine, biology and the environment.

Morphometric Characters and length weight relationship of Oreochromis niloticus in southwest of Algeria

Oreochromis niloticus also called “chicken of aquaculture” is a fresh and brackish water fish recognizable among all other tilapias by continuous black stripes on the caudal fin. Morphometric characters of Tilapias were reported in Egypt, Turkey, Nigeria, Sri Lanka. In Algeria, studies on tilapia have treated the species Tilapia zillii, its morphology (Guezi et al. unpublished study) and its reproduction (Guezi et al, 2021). The Biometry of the nil tilapia Oreochromis niloticus of the south westof Algeria was studied from December 2020 to November 2022. A total of 220 individuals, whose total length varied between 3 and 21 cm and weight between 22.9 and 289.7 g, were examined. The percentage of the different morphological measurement in relation to the total length of the fish, the regression equation and the length weight relationship was calculated. Six (6) characters showed a positive allometry, seven (7) characters showed a negative one, while only the height of the caudal peduncle showed an isometry. The length weight relationship was expressed as: LogW = 2.458 Log TL – 1.061. This study presents the first results of the morphometry of O. niloticus in the south-west of Algeria, and must be completed by studies on age and reproduction.

Preparation and Characterization of Modified Clay - Application to the Adsorption of an Industrial Dye

The objective of this work is the valorization of certain local clays by their use in the treatment of waste water. For this, we have improved the surface properties of a natural Algerian Clay from the west of Algeria from the deposit of ghousel (Maghnia). The treatments carried out are the following: physical and chemical. The prepared material (calcined and activated) was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, measurement of the cation exchange capacity, specific surface and by measuring the pH (pzc). Then, the clay used is applied to the adsorption of an industrial dye (yellow bemacid) in aqueous solution. The quantitative analysis of the dye was followed by UV-Visible spectrophotometer, this analysis allows to determine the best conditions that favor the adsorption such as contact time, adsorbate concentration, adsorbent mass, solution pH and temperature.

Evalution of Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater of Khemis Miliana Plain (North West Algeria)

Evalution of Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater of Khemis Miliana Plain (North West Algeria)

Determination of trace metals in vegetables using ICP-MS

Determination of trace metals in vegetables using ICP-MS