Well-being Of Police Officers Research Articles

Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Anggota Satuan lalu Lintas Kepolisian Resor Kota Samarinda

This study aims to analyze the influence of workload and work stress on the performance of the Traffic Unit members of the Samarinda City Police Resort. The method used is a quantitative survey by distributing questionnaires to 129 traffic unit members selected from a population of 190 members using the Slovin formula. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS for validity, reliability, and multiple linear regression tests. The results of the study indicate that workload and work stress have a significant impact on the performance of police officers. Well-managed workload and effectively addressed work stress can enhance the performance of the members. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of workload and stress management programs, time management training, and a supportive work environment to improve the performance and well-being of police officers.

The protective role of belief in a just world on the well-being of police officers: a parallel multiple mediation of voice behaviour, vertical trust, and work-family conflict

ABSTRACT The present study examined the possibility of Belief in a Just World (BJW) acting as a personal resource for police officers, simultaneously protecting their well-being through voice behaviour, vertical trust, and work-family conflict. The sample comprised 573 police officers who voluntarily consented to answer an anonymous online survey. Self-reported measures of personal BJW, voice behaviour, vertical trust, work-family conflict, and well-being were collected. The results of a parallel multiple mediator model (controlling for quantitative demands) showed that all three mediators were significant. Therefore, we found support for BJW acting as a personal resource by simultaneously protecting police officers’ well-being through boosting both voice behaviour and vertical trust, and reducing work-family conflict. Work-family conflict was found to have the largest effect size in the mediation mechanism between BJW and police officers’ well-being. The implications of these results for future research and intervention in police organisations are discussed.

A comparative analysis of sleep quality and time management skills between shift and non-shift police officers.

The sleep quality of police officers working in shifts is negatively affected due to long working hours and sleeping less during the day. In our study, we aimed to examine the differences in sleep quality and time management skills in police officers working with shift and non-shift system. 106 police officers, 46 of whom worked in the shift system, 60 of whom worked in the non-shift system, and whose mean age was 27.6 ± 0.9 [min 20, max 40] were included in the study. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index[PSQI] and time management skills with the Time Management Questionnaire[TMQ]. While the TMQ total score was 80.91 ± 12.61 for police officers working in shifts, it was 72.41 ± 12.62 for police officers working non-shift. The PSQI total score was 5 in both groups. There was a difference between the TMQ time planning, TMQ time attitudes sub-dimensions, and TMQ total scores of police officers working in the shift system and those working in the non-shift system[p < 0.05]. While poor sleep quality was observed between both groups, there was no difference in sleep quality[p > 0.05]. There was no difference in sleep quality between police officers working in shifts and non-shifts. However, the time management skills of police officers working in shifts were better than those of police officers working in non-shifts. We believe that training programs to improve sleep health and time management skills in police officers are needed for both the sleep quality and well-being of police officers and public safety.

Deciphering the health profile of police personnel in the Jaipur Commissionerate

Background: Since its founding, the police force has required its employees to operate in hazardous and stressful conditions, and today's force is exposed to physically demanding tasks, irregular working hours, high levels of stress, and encounters with dangerous situations. Dealing with some of society's most difficult social problems. It is a line of work in which employees may be exposed to traumatic situations in which their health and well-being are directly jeopardised. Unhealthy lifestyles and demanding work conditions predispose the police force to a variety of non-communicable as well as communicable diseases. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2018 and November 2020 on a representative sample of 4263 across various ranks and units posted in the jurisdiction area of the Jaipur commissionerate. Results: The age group of the study was from 35 to 60 years of age, with a mean age of 50 years. Out of the total sample, the response rate was 96%. The average height and weight were 173.09 cm and 77.48 kg, respectively. The basal metabolic index (BMI) was 25.9 on average. Conclusions: By improving the overall well-being of police officers, not only can their quality of life be enhanced, but their effectiveness in ensuring public safety and maintaining law and order can also be optimised.

Psychosocial risks and their consequences on health and job satisfaction among Spanish police officers.

Police officers are exposed to risk and violence, which makes their work highly stressful. According to the Job Demand-Resource model, the working conditions of police officers may affect their health and job satisfaction. The aims of this research were to evaluate the psychosocial factors at work in a sample of municipal police officers from the Valencian Community (Spain) to identify the prevalence of psychosocial risks and their consequences and analyse the influence of psychosocial factors (resource and demands) at work on job satisfaction and health. The Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO) battery was used to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of different levels of risk and their consequences in police officers (n=103). The influence of psychosocial factors (resource and demands) at work on psychosomatic disorders and job satisfaction was examined using stepwise regression analysis. All considered variables showed moderate levels of psychosocial risk for the whole sample. As for the consequences of psychosocial risks, moderate levels of psychosomatic disorders and job satisfaction were also observed. Perceived stress levels and organizational stressors have a negative effect on health and job satisfaction. To create positive conditions for the health and well-being of police officers, real commitment is required when evaluating psychosocial risks in local police organizations and the establishment of prevention and intervention measures where psychosocial risk factors are detected.

How we can protect the protectors: learning from police officers and staff involved in child sexual abuse and exploitation investigations.

Police officers and staff who work in child sexual abuse and exploitation (CSAE) investigations are routinely exposed to traumatic materials and situations. Despite support services, working in this space can have negative impacts on wellbeing. This paper explores the experiences and perceptions held by police officers and staff involved in CSAE investigations in the United Kingdom, regarding work-related wellbeing support and barriers to accessing such support. A sample of 661 serving police officers and staff working in CSAE investigations participated in a United Kingdom-wide 'Protecting the Protectors' survey. We analysed quantitative and qualitative responses relating to participants' experiences and perceptions regarding three main areas: (1) availability, usage and helpfulness of existing work-based well-being support; (2) barriers to accessing support; and (3) desired support services. Five interconnected themes emerged from the qualitative data that represented participants' experiences and views of work-based wellbeing support and the barriers to accessing it. These were 'Lack of trust', 'Stigma', 'Organisational approaches to wellbeing', 'Support services', and 'Internalised barriers'. The findings suggest that whilst respondents were aware of work-based support, they indicated most frequently that they 'never or almost never' used them. Respondents also identified barriers to accessing support, which related to a perception of a critical or judgmental workplace culture and indicating a lack of trust in their organisations. Stigma regarding mental ill health has a pervasive and harmful impact on emotional health and wellbeing of police officers and staff involved in CSAE investigations, which creates a sense of lack of emotional safety. Therefore, eliminating stigma and creating a workplace culture that explicitly values and prioritises the emotional health and wellbeing of the workforce would improve the wellbeing of officers and staff. Police organisations could further improve CSAE teams' wellbeing by developing a continuum of care which is available to workers from recruitment to the end of the role, training managers and supervisors to better support CSAE teams, improving workplace practices, and ensuring high quality, specialist support services are readily and consistently available across forces.

Зарубежный опыт исследования психологического благополучия сотрудников полиции

The article provides an overview of foreign studies concerning the psychological well-being of internal affairs offi cers. The importance of studying this phenomenon as a resource for solving a number of performance problems is justifi ed. Factors affecting the state of psychological well-being of police offi cers such as optimism, empathy and trust, faith in organizational justice, social support, psychological counseling are considered. Programs for improving the psychological well-being of police offi cers are being analyzed.

Psychological Well-being of Police Officers and Its Impact on the Level of Job Commitment and Quality of Social Relationships

This study aimed at examining the effect of an employee&amp;#39;s sense of psychological well-being at work and the quality of social work relationships (the relationship between colleagues and the relationship with superiors) on the level of job commitment; the study was conducted on 80 police officers working in the Police College (Qatar), four measures were used to measure study variables. The regression analysis results indicated a positive correlation between the sense of psychological well-being at work and career commitment to the high level of social relations at work. Note that this study makes a set of significant contributions to the Arab work environment, whether at the theory or practice level. The study&amp;#39;s most important results indicate the necessity of giving social work relations the appropriate attention, given its significant role in several organizational and individual outputs, which departments are rarely interested in.

An Exploration of Well-being in Former Covert and Undercover Police Officers

Little is known about the stressors of working in covert and undercover policing roles and the impact these can have on the health and psychological well-being of police officers. Extant literature focuses upon the social impact of undercover and covert policing in a democratic society, especially in relation to policing political groups. Presented here are the results of an exploratory study into the lives of former police officers who have engaged in various forms of covert/undercover policing. Utilising semi-structured interviews, in a five-participant case-study design, this research investigates the impact that covert and undercover policing has on the well-being of former officers who have undertaken this role, and how they utilised coping strategies. Data were thematically analysed using Braun and Clarke’s framework (Braun and Clarke 2006). Findings were consistent in that fear of violence was a large factor that impacted the well-being and personal relationships of undercover officers. The paper concludes by outlining pertinent suggestions for future research and considers the implications for covert policing.

Reducing Violent Incidents between Police Officers and People with Psychiatric or Substance Use Disorders

This article describes evidence-based strategies designed to reduce the prevalence of police encounters with people in behavioral crisis (PBCs) and to make such encounters less dangerous for all parties when they do occur. Some of these strategies are implemented by law enforcement, including gun violence restraining orders and the training of officers to provide time, distance, and cover during encounters with PBCs. Other strategies involve broader systems of community care, including assertive community treatment for people with serious psychiatric disorders, and critical time interventions for individuals leaving incarceration or inpatient psychiatric care. Broader adoption of such strategies should both reduce the risk of police shootings of PBCs as well as improve the effectiveness and well-being of police officers.

Psychological well-being and workability in child abuse investigators.

Working with victims and offenders of child abuse can impact on the health and well-being of police officers and staff. To identify the effects of tenure, work ability, gender and a personal experience of child abuse on symptoms of anxiety, depression and primary and secondary trauma in child abuse investigators (CAIs). Screening questionnaires were sent to police officers and staff. The officers and staff worked in child protection in seven police forces. The surveillance was undertaken online and the data were encrypted and personal identifiers removed. The four clinical measures were Goldberg Anxiety/Depression Scale, Professional Quality of Life and Impact of Events (extended). Eighty-two per cent of 2798 CAIs returned questionnaires. There was a statistically significant relationship between all four clinical symptoms and workability (P < 0.001), between tenure and primary trauma (P < 0.01) and between anxiety, depression, primary trauma and workability and adverse childhood experience (ACE) scores (P < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that workability, tenure and ACE scores explained between 12 and 23% of the variance. There were gender differences with women having higher levels of symptoms; however, the effect size and clinical significance were negligible for all but the primary trauma scores. Psychological surveillance can provide an important source of evidence for occupational health practitioners working with CAIs in informing them of the factors which could be considered in selecting, training, supporting and retaining officers and staff. Psychological surveillance can also help police management to identify ways to monitor the long-term effectiveness and well-being of CAIs.

Predictors of punitive attitudes among police officers

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the predictors of punitive attitudes towards young offenders among police officers. This included an examination of variables such as officers’ coping styles, mental health, rank and age. It was predicted that indirect coping styles, mental health difficulties, higher age and higher rank would negatively impact on punitive attitudes towards young offenders. Officers reporting direct coping strategies, low levels of mental health difficulties, lower rank and lower age were expected to have less punitive and more rehabilitative attitudes towards young offenders.Design/methodology/approach– A sample of 83 police officers and community support officers from the UK completed standardised self-report measures.Findings– Indirect coping strategies, high levels of mental health difficulties and high rank were all associated with more punitive attitudes, whilst age had no impact.Research limitations/implications– Results are discussed with regard to their research and real world implications. These include an impact of these findings on the job performance, community safety, approaches to policing, and the well-being of police officers. The importance of mental well-being, direct coping and positive attitudes towards young offenders is indicated in order for police officers to employ more proactive, consistent and fair behaviour with this group, leading to less punitive outcomes for young offenders, as well as improved police-youth relations.Originality/value– The research findings link mental health, coping styles and rank to officers’ attitudes towards young offenders, which had not been fully examined in the literature previously. Results suggest that mental well-being and direct coping styles may serve as a protective factor against the development of punitive attitudes. This highlights the importance of providing support for mental well-being, as well as training in the areas of effective coping styles and issues surrounding young offenders.

A Comparison across Ranks of Well-being among Police Officers in Malaysia

&lt;p&gt;Objective: This paper aimed to determine the level of well-being of Police officers and to assess and compare the well-being levels among police officers of low, middle and high ranks. Methods: Data were obtained using a context specific questionnaire that was distributed across the five geographic zones of Malaysia. Results: The results indicate that overall police officers’ well-being is in need of improvement. Low rank officers faced poor work environment, deficient financial security and economic well-being, lack of opportunity for continuing education and career, poor overall physical health and negative political and spiritual well-being. The finding of this study provides the necessary information to develop and implement measures to enhance the current well-being of police officers.&lt;/p&gt;

Impact of Work on the Well-Being of Police Officers and Firefighters

Work is one of the most important spheres of human functioning and has a significant impact on individual overall well-being. The purpose of this study is to assess the positive and negative impact of the work of police officers and firefighters on their well-being in different spheres of life. In particular, the study examines the relationship between the type of occupation and the elements that generate a feeling of well-being, issues relating to a positive influence of work on different spheres of life, as well as the relationship between the length of service and the influence of work on health. A hedonistic model of the quality of life has been assumed. The study encompassed 499 Polish officers serving in operational positions, including 195 police officers and 304 firefighters. For cognitive applications, a modified scale of satisfaction with various aspects of life, and a calculated potential positivity rate for work in the field of life, were used for the assessment of subjective well-being in relation to work. The results showed that the impact of work on well-being in the social, economic, and health spheres, and in relation to self-esteem, was determined by the nature of that work. Compared to police officers, firefighters were more positive in their assessment of the impact of work on their private life and overall well-being. Among the police officers, work was considered to have a negative impact on health, leisure and economic well-being. The results obtained from the group of firefighters are explained in accordance with the top - down model, and those from the group of police officers on the lines of the bottom - up model, in Czapinski's onion theory of happiness. Practical implications for health and leisure are discussed.

Police Officers Over Career Stages: Satisfaction and Well Being (1)

This study compared work experiences, work satisfactions and psychological well-being of police officers in constable jobs across five career stages using age cutoffs. These stages were: 32 years of age or younger, 33 to 37, 38-42, 43-47 and 48 years or older. Data were collected from 466 police officers in Norway using anonymously completed questionnaires. The five career stage groups differed on personal demographic and work situation characteristics (e.g., shift schedule, police tenure) related to age. Constables in early career stages reported more favourable work outcomes, greater social support, less exhaustion and cynicism, fewer subjective health complaints and better over-all health. There were also many areas where the career stage groups were similar (e.g., job demands, job satisfaction). The findings suggest the importance of particularly responding to the needs of constables in later career stages.

Changes in Career Orientations in Police Officers: An Exploratory Study

This investigation compared work experiences, satisfactions, and well-being of police officers who had changed their career orientations with police officers who did not. 218 men and women in police work provided data by completing questionnaires. About half the sample had changed their career orientations in their work in policing. Police officers who had changed their career orientations were significantly less satisfied and reported poorer psychological well-being than police officers who did not change their career orientations.