Indicators Of Well-being Research Articles

Subgroups of relational job characteristics and their differences in turnover intention and subjective well-being among nurses: a latent profile analysis

ObjectiveRelational job characteristics include perceived social worth and perceived social influence. Good relational job characteristics mean that nurses have high prosocial behavior. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential profile of nurses’ relational job characteristics, influencing factors and their differences in turnover intention and subjective well-being, thus finding the most suitable clinical relationship job characteristics.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1013 clinical nurses using the general demographic data questionnaire, Relational Job Characteristics scale, Turnover Intention Questionnaire and Campbell index of well-being. A latent profile analysis was performed to explore relational job characteristics latent profiles. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the predictors of profile membership, and a one-way analysis of variance was applied to compare the turnover intention and subjective well-being in each latent profile.ResultsFive latent profiles were identified and labeled ‘High prosocial job characteristics’ profile (20.7%), ‘Moderate prosocial job characteristics’ profile (41.7%), ‘High social worth-low social impact perceived’ profile (6.3%), ‘Low social worth‐high social impact perceived’ profile (18.8%) and ‘Low prosocial job characteristics’ profile (12.5%). Factors affecting the different types of nurse relationship job characteristics include age, marital status, hospital department, nursing years, professional title and hospital position. Among them, chief nurse, nurses with more than 20 years of nursing experience and obstetrics and gynecology nurses were more likely to be ‘high prosocial job characteristics’ profile. The turnover intention of nurses in ‘high prosocial job characteristics’ profile was significantly lower than that of other profiles, and their subjective well-being was significantly higher than that of other profiles.ConclusionImproving nurses’ perception of social worth and social impact on clinical work can improve nurses’ prosocial behavior and subjective well-being, and reduce their turnover intention. Nursing managers or policy makers can formulate targeted intervention measures according to the influencing factors of potential profiles.

Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Coupled Relationship between Ecosystem Services and Human Well-Being in Gansu Province Counties and the Factors Affecting Them

Investigating the interplay between ecosystem services and human well-being is crucial for enhancing ecological conservation and achieving a superior quality of development. This research examined the spatial–temporal disparities in ecosystem services and human well-being across 87 counties in Gansu Province using the coupling coordination degree model and geographically weighted regression analysis. The key findings include the following: (1) Over two decades, from 2000 to 2020, ecosystem services in Gansu Province witnessed a financial appreciation of approximately CNY 29.32 billion. The distribution displayed a notable trend, with higher values in the southeastern counties, particularly in Gannan and Longnan, whereas lower values prevailed in the Hexi area. (2) The well-being of the populace experienced a substantial enhancement, registering a 75% increase during the same period, characterized by higher well-being indices in the north, especially in Hexi, and the lowest indices in Gannan and the Linxia sector of Longzhong. (3) The coupling coordination degree between ecosystem services and human well-being escalated from 0.412 to 0.587, transitioning from moderate dysfunction to moderate coordination over the two decades. Regions such as Hexi and Gannan recorded a moderate discordance in their coupling coordination, whereas regions including Longzhong, Longnan, and Longdong demonstrated a more stable, basic coordination. (4) Influences on the coupling coordination degree between county ecosystem services and human well-being displayed significant spatial variability, often aligned along distinct geographic bands. Economic and natural foundations were predominantly aligned southeast to northwest, while investment and urbanization levels were more prominent from west to east, and industrialization levels were distributed along an east–west axis.

The impact of financial stress on student wellbeing in Lebanese higher education

BackgroundThe financial crisis has indirectly affected Lebanese university students, leading to economic distress. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the substantial negative impact of financial stress on the mental health and well-being of Lebanese college students.MethodsA quantitative research approach was applied and took place from June 13th to July 25th, 2023, targeting 1272 university students aged 17 and above from private and public universities across Lebanon through convenience sampling. The InCharge Financial Distress/Financial Well-Being scale (IFDFW), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beirut Distress Scale (BDS-10), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and Well-Being Index (WHO-5) were used to assess the students’ well-being. Descriptive analyses of the data was performed using SPSS software version 25.Results1272 university students participated in this study, mostly females, with a mean age of 21.64 (± 4.43) years. Participants reported a lack of financial independence, unemployment, and no income. Positive associations were obtained between the BDS total scale as well as the PSS total and PSQI scores, while there was a significant negative relationship between IFDFW and PSQI scores. Those with a higher GPA, majoring in science/health and medicine, living in rural areas, and graduate students were linked to lower PSQI and BDS-10 scores. Financial aid and financial independence were associated with lower PSQI and BDS-10 scores. PSS-10 scores were higher among students majoring in science/health and medicine. Higher scores on the IFDFW scale correlated with lower BDS-10 and PSS-10 scores. In contrast, females had higher BDS-10 and PSS-10 scores. Scoring higher on the PSS-10 and PSQI scales, living off campus, or majoring in science/health and medicine, were associated with higher on the WHO-5 scale.ConclusionsA significant impact of financial stress on college students in Lebanon was obtained, affecting their well-being and mental health aspects. Marital status, gender, academic major, region of living, and financial independence also influences students’ experiences. Tailored support and further research are needed to address these multifaceted challenges.

Association Between Organizational Downsizing and Depressive Symptoms Among Korean Workers: A Cross-sectional Analysis

BackgroundOrganizational downsizing may be significantly linked to depressive symptoms, yet research on this impact in Asian contexts is limited. This study investigates the association between downsizing during the COVID-19 pandemic and depressive symptoms across diverse employment statuses. MethodsThis study used the data from 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Depressive symptoms were measured using WHO-5 well-being index with a cut-off of 50. Downsizing was defined as decrease in the number of employees during last three years. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for socio-demographic and occupational factors was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for depressive symptoms associated with downsizing, including subgroup analyses. ResultsAmong 26,247 Korean workers (mean age: 43.4, men: 47.5%), the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 29.5% (n = 7,751), and the proportion of downsizing was 15.2% (n = 3,978). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly higher among the downsizing group (36.7%, n = 1,460) than among the no-downsizing group (28.3%, n = 6,291). The result of logistic regression revealed a significant association between downsizing and depressive symptoms (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 1.39 [1.29–1.50]), particularly pronounced among high socioeconomic status workers. ConclusionThis study underscores the significant association between depressive symptoms and organizational downsizing, especially high vulnerability of socioeconomically advantaged and stable workers. These findings highlight the necessity for targeted mental health support and further longitudinal research to clarify the relationship between employment changes and mental health within the Korean workforce.

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Relationships Between Pregnancy Intentions and Maternal Outcomes.

Unplanned or unwanted pregnancies and births are linked to adverse maternal outcomes, but the extent to which such relationships hold for all racial/ethnic groups remains unknown. In this paper, I use large-scale data to estimate unadjusted and inverse propensity weighted associations between a five-level measure of pregnancy intention and six indicators of maternal well-being among separate samples of white, Black, and Hispanic mothers. I find substantial racial/ethnic variation. White and Hispanic mothers who reported that their pregnancies were mistimed, unwanted, or that they were unsure how they felt were significantly more likely to experience adverse outcomes than same-race/ethnicity mothers who reported that their pregnancy was intended, but the pattern was much more tenuous for Black mothers. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, relationships between pregnancy intentions and adverse outcomes remain substantial only for white and Hispanic mothers.

How is the Capability Approach Applied to Assess Well-being Impacts? A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT A shift in how to measure well-being using more appropriate and coherent indicators has been long called for. Nonetheless, monetary indicators, such as income and GDP, or utilitarian frameworks, remain the most common approaches used. The capability approach (CA) has been advocated as an alternative framework to measure well-being. This paper aims to capture the state-of-the-art of how the CA has been applied to assess or characterise the well-being impacts of project-based development interventions in Global South countries. The ultimate goal is to discuss whether the CA provides more varied and complex indicators of well-being and therefore more comprehensive impact assessments. The results highlight that qualitative and participatory approaches are frequently applied methods to assess individual capabilities, most often related to educational, economic, social and empowerment dimensions. Capabilities linked to environmental and recreational activities, as well as collective capabilities, were significantly overlooked. Quantitative approaches to impact evaluation were less frequently used. This paper provides a first systematic review on the use of the CA to assess well-being impacts. Future applications of the CA could focus on better integration of qualitative and quantitative approaches for robust impact assessments and targeting understudied capabilities.

Subjective household poverty as a moderator for the association between employment precariousness and mental health across five european welfare state types

ObjectivesTo create better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the association between employment precariousness (EP) and mental health by considering household poverty as a moderator while stratifying for gender across welfare state types (WSTs): Scandinavian, South European, Central- and East European, Bismarckian and Anglo-Saxon. MethodsData from the sixth wave of the European Working Conditions Survey (N = 18,725) was used. The Employment Precariousness Scale was used to assess EP on a continuous scale. Mental health was measured using the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. A binary variable for subjective household poverty was created. We estimated gender-stratified, multi-level models with a random intercept at country-level for the association between EP and mental health, with an interaction term between EP and subjective household poverty, for each WST separately. Models were adjusted for age, education, having a partner and having children under age 18 in the household. ResultsIn all WSTs, among men as well as women, we found a negative relation between EP and mental health. Among women, this relation was not moderated by household poverty. Among men in the Anglo-Saxon WST, the negative relation between EP and mental health was stronger among employees that reported household poverty compared to those who did not report household poverty. ConclusionsEvidence of a moderating effect of household poverty on the association between EP and mental health was only found amongst men in the Anglo-Saxon WSTs and the combined full sample. Other factors that might affect the association between EP and mental health should be investigated.

Wellness and its correlation with vitamin D

Abstract Background: Wellness encompasses various interconnected physical, mental, and social dimensions beyond the traditional definition of health. Vitamin D deficiency is a widespread nutritional deficiency, with a prevalence of 80%–90% in India, and is often under-diagnosed and under-treated worldwide. While vitamin D is classically known for its role in bone health, it also has significant extra-skeletal effects, including maintaining muscle function, immunity, anti-inflammatory activity, and cell proliferation and differentiation. Recent studies have linked vitamin D deficiency to fatigue, myalgia, low-energy fractures, muscle weakness, anxiety, and depression. Furthermore, it is implicated in the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency is also associated with recurrent exacerbations of bronchial asthma, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Addressing this deficiency can substantially enhance patient well-being, prevent serious health outcomes, and improve overall wellness. Aim: This study aims to investigate the relationship between wellness and vitamin D levels. Materials and Methods: This prospective nonrandomized therapeutic study was conducted at MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, and included 246 participants from July 2021 to December 2022. The study included patients reporting generalized weakness, fatigue, myalgia, low mood, lack of motivation, and decreased interest in life by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their serum vitamin D levels were tested. Participants with vitamin D deficiency (<30 ng/mL) completed a pre-structured well-being questionnaire and received vitamin D supplementation for 10 weeks. Wellness in these patients was evaluated using a pre-structured post-supplementation well-being questionnaire. Results: The results revealed that out of 324 patients included in the study, 253 (78.1%) were deficient in vitamin D. The highest deficiency rate was among those aged 18–35 years (85.5%). Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in females (79.5%, 167 out of 210 females) compared with males (75.4%, 86 out of 114 males). The paired t test results showed a significant increase in post-test vitamin D levels (t = -219.922, P < 0.001) and a significant decrease in post-test Fatigue Assessment Scores (t = 31.328, P < 0.001) and Fatigue Severity Scores (t = 33.066, P < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant improvement in post-test World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) scores (t = -28.495, P < 0.001) and Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scores (WEMWBS; t = -28.996, P < 0.001). Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient indicated that post-supplementation vitamin D levels were positively correlated with post-supplementation Fatigue Assessment Scores (r = 0.315) and Fatigue Severity Scores (r = 0.334). Conversely, they negatively correlated with the WHO-5 Well-being Index (r = -0.322) and the WEMWBS (r = -0.294). Conclusion: This study concludes that wellness is directly correlated with vitamin D levels. There is a significant improvement in the Fatigue Assessment Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, WHO-5 Well-being Index, WEMWBS, and overall physical, mental, and social wellness following vitamin D supplementation in patients, both with and without comorbidities (hypertension and DM).

PREDICTORS OF THE ENJOYMENT AND MISSING EXPERIENCES OF MALAYSIAN STUDENTS IN HOME COUNTRY AND OVERSEAS

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to identify the predictors of the adaptation experiences of Malaysian students in home country and overseas, from two perspectives: missing and enjoyment experiences. At Time 1, 2090 responses were collected from a group of students who were enrolling at various overseas preparatory studying programmes (later termed as overseas students) and also first year students who were continuing their education at a public university in Malaysia (later termed as home country students). At Time 2, 628 of the participants were retained. The predictor variables were Time 1 well-being indicators (i.e. life satisfaction, positive and negative affect), importance and satisfaction of conservation and self-transcendence values, perceived success (measured by the Malaysian Certificate of Examination results and perceived English language fluency), personality, and parents’ level of education. The findings showed that overseas students who had a low level of English language fluency and a high level of importance of conservation and satisfaction of self-transcendence values tended to miss home. Similarly, overseas students who were less fluent in English were less likely to enjoy their life abroad. Whilst for the home country students, the high level of negative affect predicted their missing experience, and none of the predictor variables were found to be significant in contributing to enjoyment experience.

Does Consuming Mushrooms With a Healthy Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Affect Subjective Indexes of Brain Health and Well-Being in Middle-Aged and Older Adults?

Does Consuming Mushrooms With a Healthy Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Affect Subjective Indexes of Brain Health and Well-Being in Middle-Aged and Older Adults?

Effectiveness of meditation on wellness management among corporate employees in India: An interventional study.

Urban corporate sector relies heavily on workplace well-being, with meditation being a potent stress reduction method that significantly enhances the quality of life (QoL) and wellness. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of meditation on wellness management among corporate employees in India. The quasi-experimental controlled study design was employed from May to June 2021, which assessed stress, QoL, and wellness indices (satisfaction with life, well-being) with meditation practice as the intervention. The online questionnaire incorporates questions from the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale, World Health Organization (WHO) QoL Scale, Five-item Satisfaction with Life scaleand WHO-5 Well-being Index. A nonrandom sampling technique selected 146 and 74 subjects in the intervention and control groups, respectively, among the employees of Star health- and allied insurance company. The data was analyzed using SPSS V27 (©IBM SPSS Statistics). The Wilcoxon signed rank test for the dependent groups, and Mann-Whitney U test for the independent groups (between subjects) was performed. Among a total of 220 subjects who enrolled in the recruitment survey, 146 subjects underwent the intervention thus providing a response rate of 66.4%. For the intervention group, the difference (within group) in mean scores between baseline and endline assessment shows a reduction in stress (0.02) and significant improvement in QoL (0.21) and wellness indices (satisfaction with life: 0.21, well-being: 0.24). The difference (betweenthe experimental and control groups) in mean endline scores shows a decrease in stress (0.07), an increase in wellness indices (satisfaction with life: 0.12, well-being: 0.23), and a significant change in the QoL(0.17). Meditation intervention in corporate wellness programs enhances the QoL, wellness, and stress management, establishing the effectiveness of health profile-raising ingenuities at the workplace.

Development and validation of the 12-item video consultation self-efficacy scale

Background: Video consultations in healthcare are remote solutions for delivering assessments and treatments to patients. The acceptance and use of video consultations may depend on self-efficacy among healthcare practitioners. Measuring self-efficacy in providing video consultations may identify individuals with insufficient self-efficacy and enable targeted interventions and support. No valid and reliable scale was available for measuring self-efficacy in the Norwegian context. Therefore, our aim was to develop (Study 1) and validate (Study 2) a new research-based video consultation self-efficacy scale for Norwegian practitioners in specialized healthcare. Method: In Study 1, we developed preliminary scale items, based on results from a systematic review. These items were subjected to experts’ opinions in a modified Delphi method-based study. The experts also suggested additional items. These results were then used in developing an initial video consultation self-efficacy scale. In Study 2, this scale was validated in a questionnaire study. Reliability was examined by using item analysis and Cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency). Construct validity was examined by using exploratory factor analysis and Spearman’s correlation (convergent and divergent validity). Results: In Study 1, a total of 56 scale items were considered, and resulted in a preliminary 15-item scale. In Study 2, item analysis and exploratory factor analysis resulted in a unidimensional 12-item video consultation self-efficacy scale. Cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency) was (α) = .974. The Spearman’s correlations showed a moderate positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the Digital Competence Questionnaire, a weak positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and a weak positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. These results suggest that the scale is a reliable and valid measure for assessing practitioners’ self-efficacy in providing video consultations to patients in specialized healthcare. Implications: We recommend further, more comprehensive, validation of the scale in different contexts in Norwegian specialized healthcare, such as in different clinical specialties and with larger samples. Keywords: development and validation, self-efficacy scale, specialized healthcare, practitioners, video consultation

Operational Stress and Psychological Well-Being Among Police Officers in Benue State Police Command: The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies

Psychological Well-being is an important concept used in behaviour sciences to evaluate the state of an individual in terms of perception, feelings, cognition and internal experience. This study investigated Operational Stress and Psychological Well-being among Police Officers in Benue State Police Command: The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies. The study employed a Cross-Sectional Survey Design, where three hundred and fifty seven (357) Police Officers consisting of 219 (61.3%) Males and 134 (37.5%) Females were used for the study. Their ages ranged from 19 to 59 years with the Mean of 38.13 (SD=9.54128). The Operational Police Stress Questionnaire (PSQ-Op), Brief-COPE Inventory and Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWB) were used for data collection. Statistical analysis involved the use of Multiple Regression and PROCESS Mediation Analyses. Findings from the hypotheses indicated that, Operational Stress has made an independent significant contribution to Psychological Wellbeing of Police Officers in Benue State Police Command. Coping Strategies significantly influenced Psychological Well-being among Police Officers in Benue State Police Command. The result further showed that, Operational Stress and Coping Strategies jointly influenced Psychological Well-being of Police Officers in Benue State Police Command. Finally, Selfdistraction, Denial, Active Coping, Substance Use, Instrumental Support, Venting, Planning, Acceptance and Religion did not significantly mediate the relationship between Operational Stress and Psychological Well-being among Police Officers; while Emotional Support, Behavioral Disengagement, Positive Reframing, Humor, and Self-blame significantly mediated the relationship between Operational Stress and Psychological Well-being among Police Officers in Benue State Police Command. Based on the findings, it was recommended that, Police Officers should be enlightened on how to manage Operational Stress and develop good coping strategies. On policy basis, it was recommended that, Government should evolve policies that are aimed at training and retraining Police Officers on appropriate Coping Strategies; which will help in reducing Operational Stress and on the other hand increase high level of Psychological Well-being among Police Officers. Also, Non-governmental organizations with caring mind should support Police with logistics that will help reduce Operational Stress. This will help to achieve high state of Psychological Well-being and enhance better policing among Police Officers. Finally, more researches should be encouraged on the subject matter for further identification of long term solutions to problems affecting Psychological Well-being of Police Officers in Benue State Police Command in particular, and Nigeria at large.

Promoting Self-Management in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Development of the Impact of Glucose Monitoring on Self-Management Scale

ObjectivesType 2 diabetes (T2D) management requires behavioural engagement to achieve optimal outcomes and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technologies may facilitate self-management. In this study we describe the development and validation of a self-report instrument, the Impact of Glucose Monitoring on Self-Management Scale (IGMSS), assessing the impact of device use (primarily CGM but also self-monitored blood glucose [SMBG]) on the capability, motivation, and opportunity to engage in self-management. MethodsPotential items were generated from 3 sources: themes and quotes from 13 adults with T2D motivated by CGM use who participated in a qualitative study; behaviour change theory identifying capability, opportunity, and motivation to self-manage; and expert committee review of items. An initial pool of 42 items were generated describing CGM as promoting personalized knowledge, improved health (Capability), improved relationships, having positive device characteristics (Opportunity), and improved engagement in self-management (Motivation). Based on expert committee consensus, items were written so as to be completed by those using any glucose-sensing device (SMBG and CGM). Psychometric evaluation was conducted with 514 English-speaking Canadians. Scale reduction (22 final items) was completed using item-response distribution, internal consistency, factor analysis, and expert opinion. Construct and convergent validity were evaluated using the Impact of Glucose Monitoring Satisfaction Scale, the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire, the Diabetes Distress Scale, the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, and the Centre for Epidemiology Depression Scale. Test–retest reliability was determined for 130 participants. ResultsInternal consistency was high for all scales, ranging from 0.73 to 0.91. Test–retest reliability ranged from 0.58 to 0.79, except for Device Characteristics. Construct and convergent validity indices were acceptable. There was substantial overlap between the IGMSS and established measures of CGM satisfaction. IGMSS findings were also predictive of self-management behaviour and emotional functioning. ConclusionsThe IGMSS has positive psychometric characteristics and has the potential to screen people with T2D for engagement in diabetes self-management using CGM or any sensing device. Scores can be determined for various aspects of Capability (Personalized Knowledge, Improved Health), Opportunity (Relationships and Device Characteristics), and Motivation.

Music May Improve Negative Psychology of Stroke Rehabilitation Patients with Dysphagia: A Retrospective Study.

This study aims to explore the effect of music therapy on improving the negative psychology of stroke rehabilitation patients with dysphagia. The medical records of 160 stroke rehabilitation patients with dysphagia admitted to Wuwei People's Hospital from June 2020 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the different clinical management programs, these patients were divided into the control group (n = 77, receiving routine clinical rehabilitation management) and the research group (n = 83, receiving routine clinical rehabilitation management + music therapy). The scores of the Standard Swallowing Assessment Scale (SSA), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the World Health Organization Five-item Well-Being Index (WHO-5), as well as the levels of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT), of the two groups were compared. After treatment, there was no significant difference in SSA scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). After the treatment, the PHQ-9 score of the research group was lower than that of the control group, whereas the WHO-5 score was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the levels of DA and 5-HT in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Music therapy for stroke rehabilitation patients with dysphagia can improve their negative emotions and quality of life to a certain extent, which may alleviate the condition of patients.

World Health Organization 5 (WHO-5) Well-Being Index and Problem Areas in Diabetes 5 Scale (PAID-5): A Cross-Sectional Study in Screening Tools for Depression and Anxiety Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Kerala, India

World Health Organization 5 (WHO-5) Well-Being Index and Problem Areas in Diabetes 5 Scale (PAID-5): A Cross-Sectional Study in Screening Tools for Depression and Anxiety Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Kerala, India

К ВЫБОРУ РАСТВОРА ДЛЯ КАВИТАЦИИ В КОМПЛЕКСНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ПОСЛЕРОДОВОГО ЭНДОМЕТРИТА

Relevance. Postpartum endometritis is an infectious and inflammatory process in the endometrium with possible involvement of the myometrium. The main components of the treatment of the disease are antibiotic therapy and removal of necrotic contents of the cavity of the postpartum uterus. From the point of view of caring for the organ, ultrasonic cavitation looks preferable. To increase its effectiveness, various solutions with antiseptic, immunomodulatory or other properties can be used. Aim. The purpose of our study was a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the use of various liquids during ultrasonic cavitation in the treatment of postpartum endometritis. Materials and methods. 80 patients with mild and moderate severity of the disease were examined and treated. The patients were divided into 4 groups of 20 women: 1) patients of the 1st group received treatment according to the clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 2) patients of the 2nd group underwent ultrasound cavitation of the uterine cavity using 0.9% sodium chloride solution; 3) patients of the 3rd group underwent ultrasound cavitation followed by additional irrigation of the uterine cavity 0.25% sodium deoxyribonucleate solution; 4) ultrasound cavitation of the uterine cavity was performed in patients of the 4th group using 0.9% furacilin solution. Results. On the 7th day of treatment for postpartum endometritis, all patients showed an improvement in well-being and objective indicators. At the same time, incomplete reduction of uterine soreness during palpation by the 7th day in patients of the 1st and 3rd groups led to an increase in bed days in these groups. In patients of group 1, there was a slower dynamics of blood parameters such as leukocyte count, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The degree of reduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-10 was the lowest in group 1 and the highest in group 4. The bed day turned out to be the smallest in group 4 and the largest in group 1. Conclusions. Ultrasound cavitation of the uterine cavity significantly increases the effectiveness of complex therapy of postpartum endometritis and shortens the duration of treatment of patients, enhances the positive effect of ultrasonic cavitation by using 0.9% furacilin solution in a dilution of 1: 5000 as a cavitation liquid. Irrigation of the uterine cavity with a solution of sodium deoxyribonucleate does not significantly affect the healing process.

Self-evaluation of appearance by female medicine students

Background and Study Aim. Nowadays western culture promotes appearance-wise the ideal of a slim body. The purpose of the research was to study body composition of female medicine students and compare these results with their self-evaluation on the problem. Material and Methods. Ninety-nine Casimir Pulaski Radom University in Radom females students (22.0±2.1 years old) who studied at a medicine faculty have been involved in the research. The study was conducted in accordance with the basic bioethical norms of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association on Ethical Principles for Conducting Scientific and Medical Research. Written informed consent was obtained from each study participant. The study was approved in advance by Ethical Committee of the Casimir Pulaski Radom University in Radom. The studies included survey research: The International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) - Short Form, The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Questionnaire of self-evaluation of appearance, body mass and height. According to the Three Sigma Rule border values, research samples were selected regarding compacted values of corresponding parameters. Pearson correlation has been used with a purpose to study an interaction between anthropometric parameters of subjects. Two pair t-test for arithmetic means was applied to compare mean values of the anthropometric parameters of the subjects. Factor analysis has been used with a purpose to study body building of students. Calculations were done using Data Analysis from MS Excel Offices and computer package Statistica. Results. Shapiro – Wilk method was used to determine normality of distribution of quantity parameters studied in the research (p&gt;0.4). Because Gauss distribution was noticed, parametric statistics were applied in mathematics elaboration of anthropometric parameters. According to the Method of Principal components, the Factor analysis has been done. A number of variables were reduced to twenty-three (11 – 33). Three Eigenvalues appeared greater than one (17.4; 3.3; 1.1). Number of factors extracted equals 3. Corresponding part of variation forms 94.7% of the total. The rest of variation (5.3%) presents other factors. The main factor (the first one) forms more than three quarters of variation – 75.7%. Conclusions. Accuracy of estimation of a body height among female subjects was determined as a difference between results of subject’s answer and results of measurement. Two groups of subjects have been formed: 58 subjects presented their knowledge of values of body height and 38 subjects – estimated their own hypothetic values.

Caregiver strain among relatives of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors; the DANCAS relative survey

BackgroundKnowledge about caregiver strain among relatives of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors is limited. Thus, the objectives were to i) describe differences in self-reported mental well-being, mental health, and caregiver strain at different time points (1–5 years) post-OHCA and ii) investigate characteristics associated with caregiver strain. MethodsA national cross-sectional survey (DANCAS) from October 2020 to March 2021 with OHCA survivors and their closest relatives. The relative survey included the WHO-5 Well-being Index (WHO-5), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Modified Caregiver Strain Index (M−CSI). Differences in scores between time groups were explored using descriptive statistics. Associations between characteristics and caregiver strain were investigated with multivariable logistic regression models, presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for gender, age, education status, relative affiliation, and time after OHCA. ResultsOf 561 relatives, 24% (n = 137) experienced caregiver strain, with no significant differences in the relatives' mental well-being, mental health, or caregiver strain with time since OHCA. In the adjusted analyses, older age (OR 0.98 95% CI 0.96;0.99) and several self-reported outcomes, including reduced mental well-being (WHO-5 OR 7.27 95% CI 4.86;11.52), symptoms of anxiety (HADS-A OR 6.01 95% CI 3.89;9.29) and depression (HADS-D OR 15.03 95% CI 7.33;30.80) were significantly associated with worse caregiver strain. ConclusionNearly one-quarter of relatives of OHCA survivors experience caregiver strain, with this proportion remaining unchanged with time. Several outcomes were associated with caregiver strain, emphasising the need to identify relatives at greater risk of burden following OHCA.

Work Adaptation and Employee Well-Being: Uncovering the Significance of Work Pattern Choices of Higher Education Employees During the Pandemic

ABSTRACT Background Maintaining a pleasant work environment and striking a healthy work-life balance are critical for improving employee well-being and performance. The Job Stress and Health model sheds light on acute challenges that employees confront as a result of numerous work-related or external variables. The COVID-19 epidemic has resulted in abrupt changes in work habits and lifestyles, resulting in severe stress and disruptions to people’s physical and mental health around the world. Purpose During the pandemic, this study was undertaken to investigate employee work pattern choices, such as work from home, blended work, or work from the office. Methods This study examined how work pattern decisions affected HEI employees’ well-being during the COVID-19 epidemic using the Job Stress and Health model and an online survey. To investigate work model preferences and challenges, demographics, work patterns, and well-being indicators including sleep and performance were collected and evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study questionnaire was close-ended and prepared in English. Results Even after the pandemic, a significant proportion of employees preferred the blended work paradigm, showing the long-term impact of the shift in work habits. Furthermore, the shift in work schedules has had an impact on employee well-being, particularly changes in sleep patterns. Discussion Even though the employees of higher education are adaptable and accept a blended work model, it is important to note that work-related stress and inefficiency can arise depending on the resource requirements. Also, physical and mental health aspects while working remotely or in a blended model need consideration, especially when implemented in the long term. Translation to Health Education Practice Understanding the effects of these work pattern choices on employee well-being is critical for organizations to adopt policies that foster a healthy work environment and assist employees in reaching optimal work-life balance. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) http://portal.shapeamerica.org/trn-Webinars.