Welfare Group Research Articles

Loneliness in the elderly and disease development in European welfare regions: a longitudinal study

Abstract Healthy ageing research has brought a recent focus on the association between loneliness and disease. Regional differences on loneliness prevalence in the elderly across welfare systems, and its association with varying mortality rates, have recently been demonstrated. We hypothesise loneliness affects disease development in the elderly, impacted by socio-economic policies that characterise welfare systems in the EU. We use logistic regression models to assess the association between loneliness (R-UCLA scale) and onset of new chronic disease and disease events, in a European sample of people aged >50 (n = 40840), using the SHARE database, during 2013 - 22 (waves 5 to 9). Preliminary results from two subsequent waves (2015-17, n = 11870) show a statistically significant effect of persistent loneliness on disease onset (increase in new disease events), when adjusting for sex, age, previous illness, and other socio-economic covariates (AOR 1.22, 95%CI 1.08-1.39, p < 0.01). Notably, comparing to the Scandinavian welfare group, only Eastern European countries show higher odds of disease development (AOR 1.52, 95%CI 1.32-1.77, p < 0.001), while also having the highest incidence of new disease in our sample. Age and welfare group show the strongest association with the outcome of interest, followed by change in occupation (no longer employed). Our current analyses span a larger period (2013-22), and we are exploring additional mediators of this effect, such as behavioural and social activity-related variables. Additional analyses to control for unrelated disease (low biological plausibility) and a social isolation index, described in the literature, are added. Furthermore, we analyse the longitudinal association between loneliness and healthcare use, such as polypharmacy and consults. With this study, we aim to contribute decision-making in health in all policies, by increasing integration between health and social sectors, while considering different regional and welfare policies. Key messages • Understanding socio-economic and welfare mechanisms which impact health in the elderly allows for better cross-sector policy design, promoting healthier ageing. • Persistent feelings of loneliness affect disease development in the elderly, which appear to be worsened in some EU welfare groups, independently of socio-economic status.

Pelatihan pembuatan sabun dari minyak jelantah pada Kader PKK Desa Merembu

Indonesian people have a strong preference for food processed using cooking oil. However, the continuous reuse of cooking oil can pose health hazards and have negative environmental impacts if disposed of directly into the soil and waterways. Therefore, innovation is needed to process used cooking oil waste into a product with economic value. Used cooking oil used for cooking can be transformed into soap which is environmentally friendly and has economic value. Hence, this community service aims to reduce the volume of waste cooking oil and improve the local economy. One area in West Nusa Tenggara that has the potential for this product development is the village of Merembu. Out of 2084 families, 727 are still classified as poor. Therefore, there is a need for business opportunities to improve the economy in the village, one of which is by transforming waste cooking oil into soap products. Community service activities in Merembu Village were well received and received positive responses from Empowerment of Family Welfare (PKK) group in Merembu Village. The positive response is reflected in the results of the final evaluation carried out. This activity is a means for PKK group to increase their knowledge of the dangers and methods of processing used cooking oil so that it does not become a pollutant for the environment.

Tail docking: a professional dilemma for veterinary nurses

Different groups hold strong opinions on tail docking in certain breeds. These range from veterinary organisations and welfare groups, who typically want the practice banned, to breeders and associations, who typically oppose any banning of the procedure. For veterinary nurses in practice faced with assisting with the tail docking procedure, numerous ethical and moral dilemmas present themselves and must be navigated. This article deals with a tail-docking scenario that can present in veterinary practice and looks at the legal, professional and ethical issues that arise and potential recommendations that could be implemented in the future.

Low-cost uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) as a novel tool for welfare assessments on open pen commercial crocodile farms.

The welfare of crocodiles on commercial farms in southern Africa requires precise assessment, focusing on stocking densities and pen conditions. However, disputes between animal welfare groups and farm owners persist due to inadequate methodologies for quantifying these factors. This study aimed to address these disputes and enhance crocodile welfare assessment by introducing a novel technique using a low-cost consumer uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) and open-source photogrammetry software. The objective was to quantify key welfare parameters accurately and efficiently. The study involved applying the UAV-based technique to two large Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) farms in South Africa. The approach enabled the mapping and surveying of crocodile pens, facilitating the determination of stocking densities, biomass indicators, and other pen-related attributes. Comparisons were made between UAV-derived crocodile counts and farmer estimates. The UAV-based crocodile counts significantly differed from the estimates provided by farmers, underscoring the need for a more precise assessment method. The technique's cost-effectiveness was evident, with implementation expenses totalling less than R10 000, a fraction of the cost associated with commercial UAV surveys. The introduced UAV-based technique offers a valuable solution to the ongoing debates regarding crocodile welfare on commercial farms. By quantifying key parameters accurately and economically, it empowers farmers and animal welfare groups to make informed decisions. The method's ease of adoption, demonstrated through its use by some Southern African crocodile farmers, signifies its potential for widespread application, ultimately contributing to improved crocodile welfare.

Research on factors influencing Chinese parents' support for death education: a cross-sectional survey.

This study aims to explore the factors influencing Chinese parents' attitudes toward death education. Given the current lack of such education in China, this research is particularly significant. Death education is vital for shaping the values of young people and alleviating mental health issues, such as depression and suicidal tendencies. By identifying these influencing factors, this study seeks to provide guidance for policymakers and educators in promoting the development and widespread adoption of death education. To do so, a national cross-sectional quota sample of 12,435 Chinese parents was used. Borrowing from social-ecological theory, the researchers carried out multiple stepwise regression analyses to examine the individual, family, and social-level factors that shape the supportive attitudes of Chinese parents toward death education. The findings revealed that at the individual level, parent (β = 0.04, p < 0.001), education level (β = 0.07, p < 0.001), and religious belief (β = -0.02, p < 0.05) were significant predictors of Chinese parents' support for death education. Meanwhile, at the family and social level, average monthly household income (β = 0.07, p < 0.001), family health (β = 0.03, p < 0.05), family communication (β = 0.02, p < 0.05), social support (β = 0.15, p < 0.001), neighborhood relations (β = 0.11, p < 0.001), and social network size (β = 0.05, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of Chinese parents' supportive attitudes toward death education. Based on these findings, it is suggested that the relevant development, planning, publicity, and public welfare groups and government departments should promote death education, provide more social support, and encourage neighborhood harmony. As higher education and average monthly household income were found to significantly impact the support, the government should improve access to higher education and actively work to increase residents' income to facilitate the development of death education.

Microfinance Services and Economic Empowerment of Women Groups in Marginalized Settings in Kenya

Women’s economic empowerment globally remains a complex issue with persistent gender disparities in labor force participation, entrepreneurship, and leadership roles. However, microfinance has played a crucial role in bridging this gap by providing women, especially in low-income settings, access to essential financial services. A significant challenge in women’s economic empowerment is the limited access to capital and financial resources that women often face, particularly in marginalized and low-income communities. However, microfinance services have emerged as a solution to address this issue by offering tailored financial services to women who lack access to formal banking systems. This study aimed at assessing the effect of Microfinance services on economic empowerment of women groups in Kilifi County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to determine the effect of micro lending and micro saving services on economic empowerment of women groups. This study was anchored on Access to Capital Theory. This study adopted explanatory research design and targeted a population of 3320 women groups registered by Kenya Climate Innovation Centre (KCIC) in Kilifi County. Simple random sampling techniques and the Krejcie and Morgan t-table was used to sample three hundred and forty-one (341) was derived and primary data was collected by use of a closed ended questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed descriptive methods; and also correlation and regression analysis was conducted. The study revealed that micro lending and micro saving services have a significant positive effect on the economic empowerment of women groups in Kilifi County, Kenya, (P-value=0.017&lt;0.05), and (P-value=0.000&lt;0.05) as their null hypotheses were rejected. This study recommended that women groups should embrace and utilize these micro finance services (micro lending and micro saving) to improve their economic status and their socio-well-being. Similarly, this study recommended that MFIs should increase their outreach by educating women about the various microfinance services available to help women to make informed decisions about which services best meet their needs. This study recommends for a comparative study be undertaken between two or more other empowerment groups, like youth, PWDs, social welfare groups among others.

A Linear Regression Study Relating Stray Animal Management with the Importance of Relative Funding. A Case Study in a Small Greek City

Cities all around the world face the constant difficulty of regulating stray animal populations in urban environments. Abandoned or lost dogs and cats find refuge on urban streets, where they face a variety of challenges. This essay dives into the complex subject of managing stray animal populations in metropolitan areas. Stray animals on the streets are malnourished, exposed to harsh weather conditions, and infected, creating a huge public health concern by spreading illnesses such as rabies. Collaboration among communities, local governments, and animal welfare groups is critical in combating this issue efficiently. Implementing large spay and neuter programs, building animal shelters, and encouraging ethical pet ownership are all popular solutions for addressing this issue. To create safer and more compassionate urban settings for both humans and animals, it is critical to invest in vaccination and disease prevention programs, strengthen animal welfare regulations, and encourage community involvement. This study will use data from a municipality in Greece's Attica area to evaluate the link between greater spending and improved stray animal management. The examination of yearly veterinary care costs demonstrates an increase in financing but no commensurate increase in the number of animals seeking veterinary treatment. As a result, state and local authorities must take a more targeted and efficient approach to addressing this disparity. Although the state is willing, the challenge of reducing stray animal numbers persists, requiring ongoing attention and financial support. Cities can strive towards creating inclusive and healthier urban environments for all residents by addressing root causes and implementing viable solutions. This paper proposes a more targeted approach to tackling this complex issue.

Community Empowerment Through Potato Dodol Processing to Increase Family Income in Kerinci District

Kerinci Regency is an area that produces a variety of agricultural products. In Lubuk Nagodang Village, Siulak District, people convert various agricultural products into raw materials for home industries. One of them is processing potatoes into potato dodol. Starting in 1994 in Lubuk Nagodang Village, this business developed rapidly by involving the community in Family Empowerment and Welfare (PKK) groups. The positive impact of the potato dodol business on socio-economic empowerment is that it opens up opportunities for the people of Lubuk Nagodang Village to increase their income. The potato dodol produced includes a variety of flavors, demonstrating product diversification as the key to consumer appeal. Empowerment is carried out through education, training and government policies, by presenting the Kerinci Regency Regional Superior Product Determination. This business not only produces delicious local products, but also drives the economic empowerment of local communities through active involvement in production and support from the local government. The suggestion in this research is that in empowering the Dodol Potato Business, it is recommended that the Department of Cooperatives and Manpower carry out continuous monitoring, so that the development of Dodol Potatoes, both in terms of product innovation and marketing, can be achieved optimally.

Functional connectivity differences in healthy individuals with different well-being states

Well-being (WB) is defined as a healthy state of mind and body. It is a state in which an individual is able to contribute to its society, able to work productively and overcome the normal stress of life. WB is a multi-dimensional concept and covers different aspects, including life satisfaction and quality of life. Little is known as to whether there are differences in connectivity patterns between healthy individuals with different WB states. We evaluated the WB state of healthy individuals with no prior diagnosis of any psychological disorder using the “General habitual WB questionnaire”, covering mental, physical and social domains. Subjects with mean age 25±4 years were divided into two groups, high WB state (n = 18) and low WB state (n = 14). We investigated and compared the groups for their resting state (rs-fMRI) functional connectivity (FC) patterns using DPARSF compiled with SPM12 toolbox. WB specific seeds were chosen for FC analysis. In the high WB group we found significantly increased connectivity between bilateral angular gyrus and frontal regions comprising the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), right frontal superior gyrus and left precuneus. The low-WB group showed increased connectivity between the bilateral amygdala and the occipital lobe and the right anterior OFC. To conclude connectivity results with a quantitative approach, suggest differences in cognitive and decision-making processing between people with varying WB states. The high-WB group when compared to low-WB group had higher cognitive processing and decision making based on their internal mental processes and self-referential processing, whereas connectivity between amygdala and OFC relates to decreased attentional processing and promotes effective emotional regulation that may be a lead to rumination.

DIGITAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT TRAINING FOR FAMILY WELFARE EMPOWERMENT MEMBERS IN BANDUNG REGENCY

There is no denying that the COVID-19 pandemic, which broke out at the start of 2020, had an influence on Indonesia's family economy, both positively and negatively. A decline in family income levels is one of the COVID-19 pandemic's negative effects on Indonesian families, although there are also beneficial effects, such as increased usage of digital technologies worldwide, including in Indonesia. Teaching women how to be productive without having to leave the house while still being able to fulfil their responsibilities as mothers is one of the answers suggested by academics from Singaperbangsa Karawang University. This time at the community service, the volunteer proposes a way to improve mothers' knowledge by giving them training in operating digital stores using their social media. This service will be provided to mothers who are members of the Bandung Regency Family Empowerment and Welfare Group of mothers. Participants in this programme should gain an understanding of how women can manage digital shops to boost family income.

Effect of Widowhood on Economic and Social Wellbeing of Widows in Kisumu East Sub County, Kisumu County, Kenya

The death of a husband is one of the most traumatic experiences that is accompanied by additional social and economic responsibilities. Worldwide, the rate of widowhood is on the rise and it comes with multiple social and economic roles. In Kenya, more specifically, Kisumu County, there is an alarming increase in the number of widows who have to have to contend with the additional social and economic burden due to spousal loss. The current study sought to assess the effect of widowhood on economic and social wellbeing of widows in Kisumu East Sub County, Kisumu County, Kenya. The study used purposive sampling to select 50 widows in Kisumu East Sub County. The research design used was quantitative and qualitative in nature. Data was gathered using questionnaires and focus group discussions. The researcher had 5 focus group discussions with the widows to extract in depth information on widows’ economic and social wellbeing. The findings report that widowhood, heightens social and economic challenges thus affecting the wellbeing of widows. The findings also show that widows in Kisumu East Sub County, Kisumu County, have social and economic hardships that impact on their lives. The study recommends that the government and the community should empower widows economically to help them initiate sustainable income generating projects, business and acquisition of new skills which may allow them to seek better medical care for themselves and their families. Additionally, the community and the government, should nurture and inculcate positive guidelines on social inclusivity of widows. Moreover, widows should also be sensitized on healthy ways of socially and economically integrating themselves in the society by establishing productive and sustainable social and financial welfare groups.

IT IS TIME TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IN VITRO CELL BASED MODELS

Dear Reader, Preclinical tests are crucial for assessing the toxicity and safety of new drugs before moving on to evaluating their efficacy and immunogenicity. Animal models, as well as alternatives, have long been used to study human biology and pathology. However, animal experimentation has been restricted in recent years due to increasing complexities in animal usage and growing concerns about animal welfare groups. There have been ethical concerns raised about the unnecessary or excessive use of experimental animals. As a result, many jurisdictions, including the Indian government, the European Union (EU), the United States, Canada, and South Korea, have restricted usage of experimental animals. Another reason for the limitation of using animals in experiments is uncertainty of results. According to one study, 90% of experimental drugs fail clinical trials, implying that they do not accurately reflect human physiology. The Indian government recently amended the New Drugs and Clinical Trials 2023 (NDCT) Act aimed at fostering the replacement, reduction and refinement of animal testing and the use of non-animal and human-relevant methods to assess the safety and efficacy of new drugs.

Factors Affecting Thoroughbred Online Auction Prices in Non/Post-Racing Careers.

Racehorse welfare is a prominent, public issue which affects nearly every aspect of the racing industry. Thoroughbred care after race career completion has garnered increasing attention from the equine industry, general public, and animal welfare groups alike. As the average racehorse's career lasts just 4.5 years, owner demand for thoroughbreds is essential for post-race careers and acceptable welfare standards. This study utilized data from and hedonic pricing models to analyze buyer demand for thoroughbreds sold in online auctions held from 2012 to 2020. The results indicate buyer preferences for age (p < 0.01), sex (p < 0.05), and organization registration (p < 0.05), with bid price premiums for age and registration status (USEF, USEA, USHJA, etc.) and price discounts for mares compared to geldings and horses listed for non-competition careers (trail, p < 0.01). The results of this study confirm and quantify the value potential buyers place on thoroughbreds offered for sale in sport disciplines. The findings may help non-profit organizations charged with rehoming off the track thoroughbreds and reduce the number of unwanted thoroughbreds by illustrating the desired traits and skills within the equine market, thus improving welfare optics overall.

Australia's political engagement on health and climate change: the MJA-Lancet Countdown indicator and implications for the future.

Australia's political engagement on health and climate change: the MJA-Lancet Countdown indicator and implications for the future.

A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding breast self-examination among women in a selected Sri Shakthi Welfare Group at Mangaluru

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women in most parts of the world. Breast cancer has been considered as a major health problem in females, because of its high incidence in recent years. Breast cancer is the commonest form of cancer in women in western countries and second most common in women in developing countries like India. In the absence of an exact etiological agent for breast cancer, the most appropriate way of controlling it is by early detection and treatment Breast self-examination (BSE) has a role in early diagnosis and prevention of morbidity and mortality rate of breast cancer.Methodology: An evaluative research approach with Quasi experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted for this study. The design did not include any control group. Fourty Samples were selected by simple random sampling technique.The study was conducted for the women in one group, as they gathered together for their monthly meeting at one place. On the first day, the demographic data was collected and pre-test was conducted by using structured knowledge questionnaire and planned teaching programme regarding BSE was administered. Post-test was conducted on the seventh day by using the same structured knowledge questionnaire. Results: The mean post-test knowledge score (x̅2=22.6) was greater than pre-test knowledge score (x̅1=13.2).Also Area wise post-test mean score was higher in all the aspects such as meaning and purpose of BSE, breast changes and warning signs, risk factors and early detection, time schedule and instructions, steps and methods, and general information compared to the pre-test score. The mean difference between the post-test and pre-test knowledge score was highly significant (t39=23.79) (table value: t39=2.02, p≤0.05) at 0.05 level of significance. The mean difference in post-test and pre-test was 9.4. The findings are highly significant and it can be inferred that planned teaching programme regarding breast self-examination was highly effective in improving the knowledge of women regarding breast self-examination. There was no significant association between pre-test level knowledge score and selected demographic variables such as age (χ2=2.19), marital status (χ2=0.5), occupation (χ2=0.327), and education (χ2=2.597), at 0.05 level of significance.Conclusion: Findings of the study showed that the knowledge of the self-help group women regarding breast self-examination was less before the administration of the PTP. The PTP facilitated them to gain more knowledge about breast self-examination which was evident from the post-test knowledge scores.

Ackonc-AWA: A multi-species animal welfare assessment protocol for wild animals under human care to overcome the use of generic welfare checklists.

Maintaining a high level of animal welfare is essential in zoos, sanctuaries and aquaria for ethical, legislative and functional reasons. Therefore, it is necessary to have welfare assessment protocols that can be incorporated into daily management programs. Currently, there are different approaches to assessing animal welfare in zoos. Those that can be applied to multiple species consist of checklists or qualitative assessments, with limitations, especially regarding the lack of guidance in the selection and interpretation of indicators. Validated protocols also exist, but they are for very few wild species. This study aimed to develop, test in the field, and describe an animal welfare assessment protocol for wild animals under human care, that can be applied to multiple species, intended to overcome the use of generic welfare checklists and offer an alternative to challenging and time consuming species-specific tools. The development process consisted of the elaboration of a protocol, substantiated by published literature on zoo animal welfare and multidisciplinary focus group work, and its on-field feasibility test. This was performed on 14 species of different taxa housed in an Argentinian zoo. The protocol was structured in two forms: an initial form to serve as scan using various animal-based (ABM), resource-based (RBM), and management-based measurements (MBM), and a follow-up form using exclusively ABM. The protocol also included a user's manual with information about preliminary preparation, equipment required, steps from arrival until completion, and details on how to assess each indicator. The scoring method consisted in rating each indicator on a 3-point scale. 23 ABM, 19 RBM, and three MBM were tested and selected to integrate Ackonc-AWA, a multidimensional protocol covering the five animal welfare domains and applicable to multiple species. This protocol was entirely developed in Spanish and can be applied noninvasively and at a low cost, which constitute features of high relevance for Latin America. Further applications of the described welfare assessment tool in other species and different institutional contexts will reinforce the validation of the proposed measurements and allow the systematic and routine evaluation of animal welfare in zoos.

Pemberdayaan Kelompok PKK dan Kampung KB dalam Implementasi Protokol Kesehatan, Vaksinasi, dan Pola Hidup Bersih Sehat untuk Memutus Penyebaran Covid-19

The condition of the Covid-19 pandemic with various variant genetic mutations and severe manifestations can pose a risk of death with a relatively high transmission rate throughout the world. Moreover, the level of public awareness of compliance with health protocols and a clean and healthy lifestyle (PHBS), is still low from various survey results in Indonesia, including the Palasari and Cipadung Villages (Cibiru District), Bandung City, West Java. This community service activity aims to increase public health awareness and skills, especially community organization cadres as role models for other communities, such as PKK (Family Empowerment and Welfare) groups and KB (Family Planning) Villages with the Interprofessional Education (IPE) method conducted by a team of extension workers with various health science backgrounds with a series of activities that include: counselling on various health materials such as a clean and healthy lifestyle (PHBS), socialization of health protocols and self-isolation, mentoring on medical mask waste management, and how to make traditional herbal drinks as an immunomodulator (immunostimulant) to prevent/minimize the transmission of Covid-19. The entire counselling material was provided comprehensively to prevent the transmission of Covid-19 from various aspects, including aspects of nutrition, environmental health, 2000, and pharmaceuticals. The results achieved are the implementation of counselling on the introduction of Covid-19 and its various variants, prevention of Covid-19 from various health aspects, socialization of the application of health protocols, self-isolation, government vaccination programs, medical waste management, and how to make traditional drinks to improve the immune system in our body. The community service activities for Posbindu partner cadres in 2 Kelurahan were successfully implemented and could improve the understanding of health, attitudes, and behaviour of all Posbindu partner cadres by looking at the increase in the results of pre-test and post-test evaluations so that Posbindu partner cadres as part of change agents can distribute health information obtained to the public.

Sosialisasi Model Lokasi Evakuasi Untuk Mitigasi Gempa Bumi Di Siten, Desa Sumbermulyo, Kapanewon Bambanglipuro, Kabupaten Bantul

Community service activities were carried out in Siten, Sumbermulyo Village, Kapanewon Bambanglipuro, Bantul Regency. The counseling was attended by members of the Family Empowerment and Welfare (PKK) group. Since the 2006 great earthquake, the public has been educated on earthquake response. However, they do not know the relationship between geological features and the value of local wisdom. Earthquakes of small scale and intensity are still being felt. Through service activities, the participants understand the emergency location planning model after the earthquake disaster. The introduction of local wisdom values ​​in the existence of several places becomes a means of educating the existence of geological features in the earthquake disaster area. Some of these places include springs, historical heritage sites, and isolated hill of Gunung Cilik. Based on the optimization of the results of previous research on geological features and Google Earth, an earthquake evacuation location is recommended. Evacuation locations are directed at limestone hills, 1 km to the west from the service location. Google Map can be used by participants to identify the evacuation route. In the discussion, a simulation of the evacuation was proposed to be carried out

A EXPERIÊNCIA DO GRUPO EDUCAÇÃO POSTURAL E BEM-ESTAR NA REDE FEMININA DE COMBATE AO CÂNCER DE BLUMENAU (SC): PARA CUIDAR MELHOR DE SI, DO OUTRO E DA NATUREZA

The Postural Education and Welfare Group is an Extension Project of the Regional University of Blumenau. Its purpose is to contribute to the promotion of the health and well-being of women in the Blumenau / SC Women's Cancer Network. It is a health education with a practice of groups and workshops. This project has as main area the axis Health and sub-areas: Women's Health and Worker's Health. In relation to the Sustainable Development Goals, the relationship with ODS 3 Good Health and Well-being and, indirectly, with others, to be seen as a health promotion and quality of life is related to the various dimensions of sustainable development. Participating women are more likely to relate to activities of daily living, body awareness, and lack of care for the environment.

Influence of Principals’ Provision of Welfare Services on Tutors’ Job Commitment in Primary Teachers Training Colleges in Eastern Region Kenya

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of principals’ provision of welfare services on tutors’ job commitment in primary teachers training colleges in Eastern Region Kenya. The study was guided by the following objective: To determine the influence of principals’ provision of welfare services on tutors’ levels of job commitment in Primary Teachers Training Colleges in Eastern Region, Kenya. The Existence Relatedness and Growth Theory of Motivation guided the study. Descriptive survey design was used. For this study, the target population entailed five (5) Teacher Training College principals, 260 tutors and 1860 second year students of the five (5) public teachers training colleges in Eastern Region, Kenya. To sample the respondents, the researcher used census method to sample the 5 college principals, and used 50% to sample the tutors and 10% for second year students giving a sample size of 130 and 186 respectively. Simple random sampling was therefore used to select the tutors and students using replacement method. The instruments used were questionnaires for tutors and teacher trainees and interview guides for principals. Data was analyzed using descriptive (frequencies, means and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (p-values from ordinal logistic regression and independent sample t-test). The results were graphically visualized through frequency distribution tables, bar graphs and tables. Regression results showed that increasing provision of welfare services by principals by 1% would promote job commitment levels of tutors by approximately 122%. The study also revealed a positive and significant relationship between provision of welfare services (medical facilities, welfare group, free meals and housing facilities) by principals and the job commitment levels among tutors (r=0.3518436, p=4.336e-05), The results implying that provision of welfare services by the principals, increased the tutors’ level of both affective,continuance and normative job commitment. Based on the findings, the study recommended that through ministry of education, to have well placed sound policy to promote principals’ training on importance of provision of welfare services in order to enhance academic performance in Primary Teachers Education Examination as a result of tutors’ job commitment