Weight Gain Of Broiler Chickens Research Articles

In-vivo evaluation of the adverse effects of ochratoxin A on broiler chicken health and adsorption efficacy of indigenous and commercial clay of Balochistan, Pakistan

Mycotoxins in animal feed pose health risks and economic losses, but using various adsorbent types could potentially protect animals from mycotoxicosis. The study aimed to assess the effect of OTA on the health of broiler chickens and to envisage the ameliorative potential of clay adsorbents. The objectives of this in vivo study were to investigate the effects of OTA on productivity, biochemical parameters, fecal residues, and the preventive effects of indigenous and commercial clay of Balochistan as adsorbents to alleviate the adverse effects of exposure. Male broiler chickens (n = 160) were treated with 400 μg/kg OTA and 0.5 g/kg clay adsorbent for 42 days, with feed and water available in an ad libitum manner. The amount of OTA in diet and fecal residues was assessed through HPLC. The administration of OTA in the diet, resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) while increasing the feed conversion ratio (FCR) as compared to the control group. Furthermore, no significant (p > 0.05) differences were found between the weight gain of broiler chickens fed without OTA (positive control) and that of chickens fed adsorbent. The group given a diet containing OTA without adsorbents as compared to the control and adsorbent-supplemented group has shown a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the relative weight of the liver, kidney, gizzard, and proventriculus while decreasing the relative weight of the spleen and bursa of Fabricius. Alterations in the levels of serum total protein (TP), cholesterol (CHL), serum urea (SU), enzymatic activity (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT)), and creatinine were observed in the OTA-intoxicated and adsorbent-supplemented groups as compared to the control group. Adsorbent supplementation resulted in a significantly (p < 0.05) higher OTA content in the faeces. It can be concluded from the results of this study, that OTA intoxication negatively affects the health of broiler chickens, and the clay of Balochistan has shown effective adsorption potential against OTA.

ANALYSIS OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF BLOOD SERUM WHEN USING MEADOWSWEET

The infusion of meadowsweet increases the level of protein metabolism, contributes to the weight gain of broiler chickens, thereby increasing the creatinine index. The albumin index increases in accordance with the increase in the total protein index, since it is an integral part of it. It has a sugar-lowering effect, reducing the glucose levels, and also lowers cholesterol. The result obtained allows us to recommend the infusion of meadowsweet with hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia.

Production planning decisions in the broiler chicken supply chain with growth uncertainty

Broiler chickens are specially raised for meat production and their supply chain is composed of breeders, hatcheries, feed mills, farms, slaughterhouses, wholesalers, and retailers. The coordination between supply chain players has great potential to streamline production and increase competitiveness in the market. A critical element in the decision-making process of this agri-system is the weight gain of broiler chickens. Variability in chicken growth patterns can affect production plans in practice. The most efficient weight estimation models require sensors in real-time, which are not available in many companies. Thus, some small farms require a simpler approach to adjust production planning based on the uncertainty of chickens’ weight while they transition to new technologies. This research proposes an optimization-based methodology for the integration of farms and slaughterhouses to plan production under chicken growth uncertainty. The methodology includes two models: (i) a two-stage stochastic model that supports lot-sizing and inventory management decisions while considering scenarios of chicken growth uncertainty; and (ii) a mixed-integer linear programming model that supports lot allocation. We present the results of implementing the methodology in a poultry company in Santa Marta (Colombia), where we improved costs by 8.6% while meeting tactical, biological, and biosecurity constraints.

Biological influence of nanotechnological j, se, s citrates in broiler chickens in the second period of rearing

The research was carried out on two groups of broilers ROOS-308, divided into control (1) and experimental (2) groups, in the conditions of industrial cultivation and daily addition to water of nanotechnological citrates J, Se, S for 24-48 days of fattening. The research was aimed to identify the complex combined biological action of nanotechnological citrates J, Se, S in broiler chickens under conditions of their use for 2-3 growing periods. The 7-day changes dynamics in body weight, survival and death rate of chickens, the mass of internal organs and its correlation to chicken body mass at the day 48, the technological slaughter period, were defined as study periods. Blood and internal organs samples were taken to determine biochemical parameters and study its development by mass and mass coefficients at the slaughter period. The corrective effect of nanotechnological J, Se, S citrates on the protein indicators and mineral metabolism, growth and development of the liver, stomach, spleen and thyroid gland of chicken was identified. There was an increase in body weight gain of broiler chickens by 4-4,5 % during growth periods with the use of J, Se, S citrates and 5,2 % for day 48 of life while the mortality decreased by 0,62 % during the study period (Group 1 – 1,64 %; Group 2 – 1,02 %). The average daily gain during 48 days in the control Group 1 was 59,6 g with a body weight of 2859 g and the experimental Group 2 – 62,72 % with body weight of 3009 g respectively.

Ecological assessment of the nitrogen budgets of livestock production systems in Ukraine

The nitrogen budgets was modeled on the example of 5 typical Ukrainian livestock farms of different livestock production systems. The relative anthropogenic load of different livestock systems and the efficiency of the use of nutrients in the production of crop and animal products are shown. Input flows of nitrogen (N) — in the fodder for livestock, fertilizers, biofixation, atmospheric deposition, crop residues and output flows with agricultural crop &amp; livestock products were determined. It was established that the efficiency of nitrogen use (NUEfarm) is 21.0–69.9% on the investigated farms, i.e., such amount of soil nutrients and imported feed in nitrogen equivalent was deposited in the sold products, and the rest of N was deposited in by-products (crop residues &amp; manure). The ratio of produced main and by-products in nitrogen equivalent was determined. In crop production, 1.06– 1.11 Mg N of grain is obtained for 1 Mg of N crop residues. In livestock, only 0.15–0.78 Mg N of the main products (milk, meat, wool) are obtained for 1 Mg of manure nitrogen production (nitrogen excretion). According to the level of output of the main products relative to by-products, the livestock systems are in the following ranked order: cattle farming — 0.15 Mg N of milk and live weight gain per 1 Mg manure nitrogen production; pig farming — 0.43 Mg N of live weight gain per 1 Mg N excreted and broiler farming — 0.78 Mg N of live weightgain, respectivel. It was established that the livestock production systems cause a significant anthropogenic load on the surrounding natural environment — intensive soil load (balance from –30.2 to –42.2 kg N/ha/year) and high rates of ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions (NH3, NOx and N2O) from manure management systems and agricultural land (16.3–1456.4 kg/ha/year). It was established that 132.4 kg of NH3, NOx and N2O are emissed for 1 Mg of live weight gain of calves; 7.6 kg of NH3, NOx and N2O per 1 Mg of produced cow’s milk; 30.3 kg of NH3, NOx and N2O per 1 Mg of live weight gain of pigs (on average); 22.2 kg of NH3, NOx and N2O per 1 Mg of live weight gain of broiler chickens; 53.7 kg of NH3, NOx and N2O per 1 Mg of produced live weight and wool of sheep.

Effect of Different Salt Sizes on Drinking Water of Broiler Chickens on Food Consumption and Body Weight Gain

Since the provision of clean and health water is one of the requirements of education and breeding of broiler chickens and the existence of salts and other sources of water resources, it can have an adverse effect on the production and breeding of poultry. On this issue, it is necessary to determine the effect of saline water on the fowl.&#x0D; Knowing the effects of salt in drinking water of broiler chickens, considering that most water resources are salty to different degrees, paves the way for determining the permissible and tolerable limit for broiler chickens and will prevent its side effects caused by salt accumulation in chicken organs.&#x0D; This study was conducted to determine the effect of different sizes of saltwater on food acquisition parameters and body weight gain of broiler chickens. This study was conducted in 5 treatments and each treatment with 12 repetitions for 29 days. first treatment had 0% salt and 2-5% salt and 0.5%, 1.5%, 1.5% and 2% salt content in their drinking water, respectively.&#x0D; The information and data obtained from this study indicate the significant effects on different percentages of saline water on the studied indices. Because, second, third and fourth treatments expressed 18%, 28%-64% reduction in food acquisition and also 11%, 30%79% reduction in body weight gain compared to control group, respectively. These effects were extremely dangerous at 2% and caused the death of included chickens in this department.

Эффективность кормовой добавки на основе левзеи сафлоровидной и животного белка, полученного из вермикультуры

The article presents the results of studying the effectiveness of the use of a feed additive consisting of Leuzea safflower and vermiculture powder on the protective mechanisms of broiler chickens. In the course of the study, the influence of the use of the feed additive on the increase in live weight, hematological parameters (biochemical and morphological parameters of blood), indicators of acquired and innate immunity of broiler chickens were evaluated. It has been established that when a feed additive is included in the diet of chickens, a significant increase in body weight gain of broiler chickens of the experimental group is observed in comparison with the control group. In the course of assessing the biochemical and immunological status in animals of the experimental group a tendency to an increase in the concentration of immunoglobulins A and M in the blood serum was established. Thus, the use of a new feed additive based on Leuzea safflower accelerates the weight gain of broiler chickens. The results of the study substantiate the feasibility of using a feed additive in the diet of broiler chickens.

Determination of the Photoditazine photosensitizer solution effect on the productivity and microflora of broiler chickens

The scientific work analyzes the effectiveness of the Photoditazine photosensitizer for rearing broiler chickens to prevent infectious diseases, in particular salmonellosis. In the conducted studies, the presence of antimicrobial activity in photosensitizers in experiments on bacterial cultures was confirmed by the example of a second-generation photosensitizer - Photoditazine, the active substance of which is dimeglumine chlorin E6. Comparisons of weight gain in broiler chickens from experimental groups were carried out, the composition of the microflora of experimental groups was determined. The harmlessness of the oral use of the Photoditazine photosensitizer was revealed by measuring the main hematological and biochemical parameters of experimental bird groups. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded about the effectiveness of the use of Photoditazine photosensitizer to maintain the well-being of production poultry livestock.

The Weight Gain of Broiler Chickens when Using Domestic and Imported Compound Feeds

The Weight Gain of Broiler Chickens when Using Domestic and Imported Compound Feeds

Penambahan Enzim Sawit Dalam Pakan Yang Berbeda Terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler

Addition of Palm Enzymes in with Different Variations in Chicken Performance of Undergraduate. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving palm oil enzymes to the weight gain of broiler chickens. the consumption of broiler chicken feed. To determine the administration of palm enzymes influence the increase in broiler chicken feed conversion. The design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the provision of Palm Enzymes and without the provision of Palm Enzymes. By giving chicken ration given to Broiler Chicken P0: Without the addition of 0% palm enzyme (control), P1: addition of 25 ml palm enzyme + 75 commercial feed, P2: addition of 50 ml palm enzyme + 50 commercial feed P3: addition of palm enzyme 75 ml + 25 commercial feed. On the parameters of observation of body weight, feed consumption and broiler chicken feed conversion obtained during the study were best found in treatment P1: addition of 25 ml palm enzyme + 75 commercial feed. In the sidik analysis, the various effects of body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion between treatments different significantly.&#x0D;

Pengaruh Probiotik Bakteri Asam Laktat dalam Air Minum Terhadap Konversi Pakan Ayam Broiler

This study aimed to determine the effect of probiotics of lactic acid bacteria in drinking water on feed consumption, weight gain and feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens. This research is an experimental research. The experimental animals used in this study were 28 male broiler chickens strain Cobb 700 aged 20 days. P0 was not given the addition of probiotic lactic acid bacteria, P1 was given the addition of probiotic lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus in 1ml/liter drinking water, P2 was given the addition of probiotic lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus casei in drinking water 1ml/liter, P3 was given the addition of probiotic lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus fermentum in drinking water 1ml/liter, P4 was given the addition of probiotic lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum in drinking water 1ml/liter, P5 was given the addition of probiotic lactic acid bacteria Pediococcus in drinking water 1ml/liter, P6 was given the addition of probiotic mix lactic acid bacteria in drinking water 1ml /liter. Collecting data for the last 1 week by weighing the remaining consumption of feed given and weight gain of broiler chickens. The data obtained were analyzed using the Analysis of Variant (ANOVA) statistical method and continued with Duncan. Based on the results of the calculation of the amount of feed consumption and weight gain in broiler chickens, it showed that the administration of probiotic lactic acid bacteria 1ml/liter of water in broiler chickens could increase body weight gain, reduce feed conversion rates but did not reduce broiler feed consumption (p&lt;0.05).

Capromorelin, a ghrelin receptor agonist, increases feed intake and body weight gain in broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Ghrelin is a hormone that induces orexigenic effects in mammals. However, in avian species, there is scant and conflictive results on the effect of ghrelin on feed intake (FI). Therefore, we evaluated the effect of a ghrelin receptor agonist (capromorelin) on FI, ADG, water intake (WI), animal behavior and concentrations of ghrelin, glucose, growth hormone (GH) and insulin in broiler chickens. One-day-old male broilers were reared as recommended by the industry. At 4 wk of age (experimental day 0; D0), birds were blocked by weight and randomly assigned to 3 treatments in 2 identical trials. Control birds received a vehicle control solution containing 0 mg/kgBW/d of capromorelin. Birds in treatments 2 and 3 received capromorelin at target doses of 6 or 12 mg/kgBW/d of capromorelin (n = 27). FI and WI were measured 3 times a day at 0700 h (Period 1; P1), 1200 h (P2) and 1700 h (P3), while BW was recorded daily. Blood samples were collected on D-1 and D5. Bird behavior (pecking, sitting and standing) was evaluated for 9 h on D2. Data were analyzed using a randomized complete block design with repeated measures over time. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used to determine linear and quadratic effects of increasing levels of capromorelin. Polynomial contrasts showed that capromorelin doses linearly increased FI (P = 0.002) and ADG (P = 0.019). There were no treatment, day or treatment x d interactions on glucose, ghrelin and GH concentrations. However, there was a treatment x d interaction (P = 0.041) on insulin concentrations. Concentrations of insulin were higher on D5 for the 0 and 12 mg/kgBW/d treatments as compared with D-1. Polynomial contrasts showed that capromorelin doses linearly increased number of pecks/h (P = 0.018). Per hour FI and WI was higher during P1 (i.e., 0700−1200) as compared to P2 and P3 (P < 0.001). Our observations suggest that capromorelin linearly increases feed intake; thus, the same effect of that reported in mammalian species.

English

This study assessed the supplemental value of Roxazyme&reg; G2 in the utilization of cassava fibre meal (CFM) by broiler-chickens in a 56 day feeding trial. A batch of three hundred and sixty day-old Arbor acre broiler-chicks was allotted to twelve treatments replicated five times of six birds in a 4 &times; 3 factorial in complete randomization. Cassava fibre meal was substituted for maize at 0, 20, 40 and 60% levels and Roxazyme&reg; G2 supplementation was at 0, 100 and 200 mgkg-1. Results showed that CFM substitution at 40 and 60% levels for maize led to significant decrease (p&lt;0.05) in weight gain of broiler chickens at both starter and finisher stages while feed conversion ratio was significant (p&lt;0.05) at 60% CFM substitution at the starter phase. The effect of enzyme supplementation was not significant in the physiological growth of the birds at both starter and finisher stages. Eviscerated weight, liver and kidney weights were significantly (p&lt;0.05) affected by CFM substitution. The effect of interaction was not significant (p&gt;0.05) indicating that performance, carcass and organ description of broiler chickens were not dependent of the two factors under investigation. At starter phase, CFM substitution led to the saving of $0.07-0.08 per cost of feed $/kg weight gain and $0.08-0.13 per cost of feed $/kg weight gain on broiler finisher production. Roxazyme&reg; G2 supplementation only at 100 mgkg-1 led to the saving of $0.03 and 0.01 per cost of feed $/kg weight gain at the starter and finisher stages respectively. Key words: Broiler chickens, cassava fibre meal, Roxazyme&reg; G2, weight gain.

Shrimp waste meal supplementation of cassava products based diet fed to broiler chickens

With the objective of investigating shrimp waste (SWM) and cassava leaf (CLM) meals as cheap alternatives and protein source mixtures that would best complement cassava root-soybean ration in total replacement for maize in broiler diets, six iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were evaluated using two weeks old Anak broilers in a growth and digestibility trial lasting seven weeks. Diet I was a maize-soybean based control diet while diets 2 to 6 contained whole cassava root meal (WCRM) in total replacement for maize, energy for energy. Diet 2 had soybean meal (SBM) as a major source of protein taking the protein supplied by SBM in diet 2 as 100%, SBM, CLM and SWM were combined thus in diets 3/0.5SBM: 0.5SIM), 4 (0.5SBM: 0.25SWM: 0.25CLAI), 5(0.25 SBM: 0.5SWM: 0.25CLM) and 6(0.5 SWM: 0.5 CL11). Average daily feed intake, weight gain (P&lt; 0.01) and efficiency of feed conversion (P&lt;0.05) were significantly influenced by dietary treatments. Results indicate that replacing up to 50% supplemental protein of soybean meal with equal proportion of supplemental protein from SWM and CLM had no deleterious effects on rate and efficiency of weight gain in broiler chickens. While nutrient and energy digestibility and carcass characteristics except dressing percentage were unaffected by dietary treatment, there was indication that organs such as gizzard and small intestine were significantly tasked for digestive function, evident from the considerable increase in their weights in birds fed diets in which over 50% of soybean protein was replaced by SWM and CLM. Based on the observation from this study, it can be concluded that not more than 50% of the dietary protein contributed by soybean should be replaced by SWM and CLM as doing otherwise would bring about a worsening effect on the performance of broilers.

Effects of Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens infections on cecal microbial composition and the possible correlation with body weight gain in broiler chickens

With the voluntary and regulatory withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters from animal feed, coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis (NE) emerge as the top two enteric poultry infectious diseases responsible for major economic loss worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between the cecal microbiota compositions with the growth trait after coccidiosis and NE. In this study, the effects of Eimeria maxima and/or Clostridium perfringens infections on the microbial composition and potential correlation with the body weight gain were investigated in broiler chickens using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. E. maxima and C. perfringens coinfection successfully induced NE with its typical gut lesions and significant reductions in the percentage of relative body weight gain (RBWG%). The NE challenge model did not affect cecal microbial diversity, but influenced the cecal microbial composition. KEGG enzymes in microbiota were significantly altered in abundance following dual infections. Furthermore, significant correlations between cecal microbiota modules and RBWG% were identified in the sham control, E. maxima or C. perfringens infected groups. Understanding of host-microbiota interaction in NE would enhance the development of antibiotics-independent strategies to reduce the harmful effect of NE on the gut microbiota structure, and improve the gut health and poultry production.

The Appearance of Broiler That Given Golden Apple Snail Meat (Pomacea canaliculata) Flour as Replacement of Fish Flour

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving golden snail meat flour in broiler rations aged 2-5 weeks to the appearance of broiler chickens and to find out what level of golden snail meat flour can give the results of body weight gain, final body weight, feed consumption, and conversion best ration. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 3 replications for each treatment. The five treatments were rations without the content of golden snail meat flour as control and rations containing golden snail meat flour 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The parameters observed were bodyweight gain, final body weight, feed consumption, and FCR (Feed Conversion Ratio). The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance. If between treatments showed a real difference, then proceed with Duncan's test. The results of the study of the addition of golden snail meat flour (Pomacea canaliculata) in broiler chicken rations had a very significant effect (P&lt;0.01) on the research variables' weight gain, final body weight, and lower FCR. Whereas the consumption of rations had a significant effect (P&lt;0.05). In treatment R2 (10%) gave better results than other treatments (R0, R1, R3, and R4). This means that the treatment of giving golden snail meat flour in the ration apparently can increase the weight gain of broiler chickens. This is because the golden snail contains quite high protein. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the administration of golden snail meat flour (Pomacea canaliculata) in broiler rations has a very significant effect on increasing weight gain, final weight, and decreasing FCR and significantly influencing ration consumption.

Physiological and biochemical response of broiler chickens to amino acids administration

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of amino acids supplementation to drinking water of meat-type broiler chickens on their blood parameters and productive traits. A total of sixty one day old, unsexed broiler chicks were obtained from a local hatchery. They were divided into three treatment groups: control group, and two treatment groups supplemented (via drinking water) with amino acids preparation (Amino-2500 USA Premium Nutrition) at 0.5 and 1.0 g/L, respectively. All chicks were fed a commercial low protein diet containing 19% crude protein and 2900 kcal metabolizable energy per kilogram of the diet. Chicks of the control group was fed the recommended (standard) diet containing 23%crude protein and 3000 kcal of ME/Kg. The duration of the experiment was five weeks. The criteria of productive and physiological responses were live body weight, weight gain, blood plasma protein fractions, plasma lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Transaminase (ALT and AST) activity indicative of liver function was measured. Kidney function test in terms of plasma creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid were also determined. Results showed that live body weight and weight gain of broiler chickens were significantly increased by AA administration either at three or five weeks of age. At marketing age (5 weeks), birds from the 3rd and 2nd groups achieved heavier body weigh by 32.3 and 26.8% more than the control chickens. Blood plasma total protein, albumin and globulin levels were significantly increased in the AA treatment groups for T3 and T2, respectively as compared to the control chicks. Addition of AA resulted in an obvious increase in the activity of ALT and AST indicative of negative influence of excess AA on livers function-related enzymes, especially with the higher dose of AA (T3).This was also observed for plasma uric acids and creatinine concentrations as end products of protein metabolism. The histological sections from lymphoid organs revealed better histological appearance indicative of better immunity and bird's health. It is concluded that excessive AA administration for broilers fed on low protein diet, could be used to increase live body weight, enhance protein metabolism without negative impacts on blood biochemistry, and improve their immune response. However, further study is needed to assess the cost and the net revenue from AA supplementation.

Intestinal microbial ecology, immune response, stress indicators, and gut morphology of male broiler chickens fed low-phosphorus diets supplemented with phytase, butyric acid, or Saccharomyces boulardii

Six dietary treatments were applied in a 42-d study to determine the effect of phytase, butyric acid, and S. boulardii on productive performance, intestinal microflora, immune response, stress indicators, and gut morphology in broiler chickens fed diets with reduced content of nonphytate P (nPP). On d 0, a total of 750 male broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 6 treatments with 5 pens of 25 broiler chickens for each diet: positive control (PC, adequate amounts of nPP), negative control (NC, 0.1% reduction in dietary nPP content), NC + 500 FTU phytase/kg (PHY), NC + 2 g butyric acid/kg (BA), NC + 1 × 108 cfu S. boulardii /kg (SB), and NC + butyric acid + S. boulardii (BA + SB). Considering the entire study period, body weight gain in broiler chickens fed any of the diets were greater (P < 0.05) than in broiler chickens fed the NC diet, where the broiler chickens fed diets PHY and BA + SB had the greatest value. Broiler chickens fed diets PC, PHY, SB, and BA + SB had greater (P < 0.05) relative thymus weight, primary and secondary antibody response against infectious bronchitis virus vaccine, and cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity to phytohaemagglutinin-P, but lower (P < 0.05) mortality rate and blood corticosterone concentration than those fed the NC diet at d 42. Feeding diet BA + SB increased (P < 0.05) cecal Lactobacillus spp. counts (d 35) and jejunal villus high:crypt depth (d 42), but decreased (P < 0.05) cecal Clostridium spp. counts (d 35) compared with those fed the NC diet. On d 35, the PHY, BA, SB, and BA + SB treatments had also the lower (P < 0.05) population of E. coli and Clostridium spp. in the ileum. No diets affected feed intake, relative weights of abdominal fat and liver, the population of total anaerobic bacteria, Bifidobacterium spp., and Coliforms in both ileum and ceca, serum insulin concentration, and duodenal morphology. In conclusion, the combination of butyric acid and S. boulardii may have synergistic effects on improving productive performance, immune response, intestinal microflora, and gut morphology in broiler chickens fed the low-nPP diet.

The effect of feeding a natural feed additive on the performance of broiler chickens

Natural feed additive is made on the basis of bottom sediments of the steppe reservoirs of the Krasnodar Territory and is a dry powder of a grayish tint. Mineralization of local bottom sediments is 6.5 g / kg, calcium content is 29.7 g / kg, macronutrients from 1.04 to 25.8 g / kg, trace elements from 0.03 to 0.7 g / kg. The medium reaction is from neutral to slightly alkaline. Using sapropel feed additives (SFA), it was possible to increase the gross live weight gain of broiler chickens by 1.7-2.0% while reducing feed costs per 1 kg of gain by 0.5%. All internal organs of the poultry were developed within normal limits. There was profitability increase by 1.1% in growing broilers, when using sapropel feed additives in full feed. Blood biochemical values were at an optimal level. Therefore, this feed additive can be considered as a natural feed ingredient; however, it is necessary to further develop a complex feed additive from natural components that partially or completely meets the requirement of the poultry in biologically active substances and micronutrients.

Effect of probiotic strains of Bacillus subtilis on the growth parameters of broiler chickens and caecal microbiota

In this paper, the probiotic properties of Bacillus subtilis GM2 and GM5 strains were studied. It is shown that the use of probiotic additives based on the spores of these bacteria leads to an increase in the live weight gain of broiler chickens by 4.16% and 10.76% relative to the control. Metagenomic analysis showed that representatives of the phylum Firmicutes (54.55%) and Bacteroidetes (30.45%), mainly represented by the families Ruminococcacea and Bacteroidaceae, predominate in the caecal microbiota of broiler chickens on day 42. It was found that a probiotic based on the B. subtilis GM5 strain leads to an increase in the proportion of Firmicutes in caecum by 27% and a decrease in Bacteroidetes by 19%. There was also a significant decrease in the number of representatives of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family relative to the control group.