Databases Web Of Science Research Articles

Corporate social responsibility and sustainable development goals in higher education: a literature review from 2014 to 2023

Purpose Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the sustainable development goals (SDGs) have multiple interactions with higher education institutions (HEIs), and CSR strategies present a remarkable importance for companies and society, being necessary for universities to provide teaching and research within this topic. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the practical implications of the implementation of sustainability concepts in HEIs and, by extension, in society. Design/methodology/approach A sample formed by papers obtained from WoS (Web of Science) and Scopus databases was used (34 papers from WoS and 30 papers from Scopus). Both bibliometric and content analysis were performed to better understand the main characteristics of the sample, such as the most prolific countries and universities, as well as the main practical implications of each of the 64 papers analyzed. Findings The findings show the state of the art of the literature about sustainability and responsible management education published between 2014 and 2023. This paper also reports results like the most prolific authors and universities, the most cited papers and authors and the yearly production of papers, among other data. Implementing CSR and sustainability courses in HEIs curricula has a plurality of practical implications for businesses, the academic institutions and for society. Research limitations/implications The sample is limited because it is formed of papers written in English only, and that affects the productivity figures of both Spanish and Latin American universities. Having used a single piece of software for bibliometric analysis also limits the scope and depth of the results. Practical implications By analyzing a sample of 64 papers with different practical implications, this paper offers important data and practical ideas for HEIs to implement sustainability and responsible management education in their curricula, as well as of University Social Responsibility (USR) practices implementation. The paper also offers some insight into practical experiences with sustainability education for both undergraduate and graduate students, as well as advice for policymakers. Originality/value The paper’s originality and value are trifold: First, it links CSR and the SDGs with HEIs. Second, it combines a bibliometric analysis with a content analysis, creating added value for the research. And third, this paper studies the effect of the impact of CSR both in HEIs and in society.

Association of remimazolam with delirium and cognitive function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Delirium is an organic mental syndrome significantly associated with long-term cognitive decline, increased hospital stays and higher mortality. This systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with meta-analysis assesses the association of remimazolam with postoperative cognitive function and delirium compared with non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. Systematic review of RCTs with meta-analysis. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases up to 27 April 2024. Adult patients undergoing general anaesthesia or sedation procedures; use of remimazolam as the primary hypnotic or as an adjunct, administered via intermittent bolus or continuous infusion; comparison with other hypnotics or sedatives; evaluation of cognitive function or delirium. Twenty-three RCTs with 3598 patients were included. The incidence of delirium was not significantly different between remimazolam and other sedatives in general anaesthesia and sedation procedures [n = 3261; odds ratio (OR) = 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.76 to 1.91; P = 0.378843; I2 = 17%]. Regarding cognitive function evaluation, remimazolam showed no difference compared with the control group in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores on the first postoperative day (n = 263; mean difference = 0.60, 95% CI, -1.46 to 2.66; P = 0.5684; I2 = 90%) or on the third postoperative day (n = 163; mean difference = 1.33, 95% CI, -0.72 to 3.38; P = 0.2028; I2 = 93%). Remimazolam exhibited superiority over the control group in MMSE scores on the seventh postoperative day (n = 247; mean difference = 0.53, 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.75; P < 0.0001; I2 = 28%). Remimazolam does not increase the incidence of delirium or cognitive impairments compared with non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. However, the analysis showed that the type of surgery significantly influenced the incidence of delirium. Additionally, remimazolam was associated with better short-term postoperative cognitive function. PROSPERO CRD42024532751.

Impact of shock index (SI), modified SI, and age-derivative indices on acute heart failure prognosis; A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Heart failure (HF) is still associated with quite considerable mortality rates and usage of simple tools for prognosis is pivotal. We aimed to evaluate the effect of shock index (SI) and its derivatives (age SI (ASI), modified SI (MSI), and age MSI (AMSI)) on acute HF (AHF) clinical outcomes. Methods PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of science databases were screened with no time and language limitations till February 2024. We recruited relevant records assessed SI, ASI, MSI or AMSI with AHF clinical outcomes. Results Eight records were selected (age: 69.44±15.05 years). Mean SI in those records reported mortality (either in-hospital or long-term death) was 0.67 (95% confidence interval (CI):0.63–0.72)). In-hospital and follow-up mortality rates in seven(n = 12955) and three(n = 5253) enrolled records were 6.18% and 10.14% with mean SI of 0.68(95%CI:0.63–0.73) and 0.72(95%CI:0.62–0.81), respectively. Deceased versus survived patients had higher SI difference (0.30, 95%CI:0.06–0.53, P = 0.012). Increased SI was associated with higher chances of in-hospital death (odds ratio (OR): 1.93, 95%CI:1.30–2.85, P = 0.001).The optimal SI cut-off point was found to be 0.79 (sensitivity: 57.6%, specificity: 62.1%). In-hospital mortality based on ASI was 6.12% (mean ASI: 47.49, 95%CI: 44.73–50.25) and significant difference was found between death and alive subgroups (0.48, 95%CI:0.39–0.57, P&lt;0.001). Also, ASI was found to be independent in-hospital mortality predictor (OR: 2.54, 95%CI:2.04–3.16, P&lt;0.001)). The optimal ASI cut-off point was found to be 49.6 (sensitivity: 66.3%, specificity: 58.6%). In terms of MSI (mean: 0.93, 95%CI:0.88–0.98)), significant difference was found specified by death/survival status (0.34, 95%CI:0.05–0.63, P = 0.021). AMSI data synthesis was not possible due to presence of a single record. Conclusions SI, ASI, and MSI are practical available tools for AHF prognosis assessment in clinical settings to prioritize high risk patients.

What is effective digital reading? A systematic review of the effectiveness factors of digital reading

Purpose The rapid development of digital reading has made it a mainstream reading method for the public, and scholars have conducted research on its effectiveness.The purpose of this study is to systematically summarize and generalize the factors that affect the effectiveness of digital reading in current practical research. Design/methodology/approach Retrieved the search results from the Web of Science database and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, collected the relevant literature in both Chinese and English on the effectiveness of digital reading, qualitatively coded the relevant literature, and conducted a systematic literature review analysis on the factors affecting the effectiveness of digital reading. Findings There are 37 factors that influence the effectiveness of digital reading, forming five factor themes, namely, the reading subject, reading environment, organizational support, technical support and reading text. The five influencing factor themes are further divided into three types of functional mechanisms, namely, driving, supportive and assurance mechanisms. Based on this, a research framework is proposed, providing a comprehensive approach for the research positioning of digital reading effectiveness. Originality/value A research framework is proposed, providing a comprehensive approach for the research positioning of digital reading effectiveness.

The role of non-parametric and parametric methods in benchmarking research performance

This study examines the effectiveness of Kazakhstan’s grant funding system in supporting research institutions and universities, focusing on the relationship between funding levels, expert evaluations, and research outputs. We analyzed 317 projects awarded grants in 2021, using parametric methods to assess publication outcomes in Scopus and Web of Science databases. Descriptive statistics for 1606 grants awarded between 2021 and 2023 provide additional insights into the broader funding landscape. The results highlight key correlations between funding, evaluation scores, and journal publication percentiles, with a notable negative correlation observed between international and national expert evaluations in specific scientific fields. A productivity analysis at the organizational level was conducted using non-parametric methods to evaluate institutional efficiency in converting funding into research output. Data were manually collected from the National Center of Science and Technology Evaluation and supplemented with publication data from Scopus and Web of Science, using unique grant numbers and principal investigators’ profiles. This comprehensive analysis contributes to the development of an analytical framework for improving research funding policies in Kazakhstan.

Performance of Biodegradable Active Packaging in the Preservation of Fresh-Cut Fruits: A Systematic Review

Fresh-cutting fruits is a common practice in markets and households, but their short shelf life is a challenge. Active packaging is a prominent strategy for extending food shelf life. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines to explore the performance and materials used in biodegradable active packaging for fresh-cut fruits. Sixteen studies were included from a search performed in July 2024 on Scopus and Web of Science databases. Only research articles in English on biodegradable active films tested on cut fruits were selected. Polysaccharides were the most employed polymer in film matrices (87.5%). Antioxidant and anti-browning activities were the active film properties that were most developed (62.5%), while plant extracts and essential oils were the most employed active agents (56.3%), and fresh-cut apples were the most commonly tested fruit (56.3%). Appropriate antioxidant, antibacterial, and barrier properties for fresh-cut fruit packaging were determined. Furthermore, there is a wide range of experimental designs to evaluate shelf-life improvements. In each case, shelf life was successfully extended. The findings show that different storage conditions, fruits, and material configurations can lead to different shelf-life extension performances. Thus, biodegradable active packaging for fresh-cut fruits has a strong potential for growth in innovative, sustainable, and functional ways.

How do researchers identify and recruit dementia caregivers? A scoping review.

Studies involving dementia caregivers are essential to transform care and inform new policies. However, identifying and recruiting this population for research is an ongoing challenge. This scoping review aimed to capture the current methodology for identifying and recruiting dementia caregivers in clinical studies. A focus was placed on methods for underrepresented populations and pragmatic trials to guide pragmatic and equitable clinical studies. Researchers conducted a literature search using PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science databases. Studies conducted in the United States that enrolled at least 10 caregivers and were published within the last 10 years (2013-2023) were included. Overall, 148 articles were included in the review. The most common method for identification was community outreach, and paper advertisements for recruitment. Caregivers were most often approached in community settings, formal organizations, and/or dementia research centers. Most enrolled caregivers were female, White, and spouses of persons living with dementia. Race and ethnicity were underreported, as were the target recruitment goals. Limited studies were self-reported as pragmatic. Additionally, limited studies reported adaptations for methods of identification and recruitment in underrepresented populations. We identified gaps in current practices for the identification and recruitment of dementia caregivers. Future identification and recruitment methodologies should be tailored to the intervention's intent, health care setting, and the research questions that need to be answered, while balancing available resources. Additionally, transparent reporting of identification and recruitment procedures, target recruitment goals, and comprehensive demographic data is warranted.

The Role of Radioiodine Therapy in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Arising from Struma Ovarii: A Systematic Review

Background: Struma ovarii (SO) is an ovarian teratoma with the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in SO is a rare finding. Management of DTC in SO is currently not clearly established. We performed a systematic review of the literature to assess the role of 131I radiometabolic therapy in the treatment of DTC in SO. Methods: a wide literature search in the Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases was made to find published articles regarding the treatment of patients with DTC and SO. The quality assessment of studies was performed by QUADAS-2 evaluation. Results: eleven studies were included in the systematic review. All of them were retrospective studies and/or case series, and two of them also included a review of the literature. Most of the studies describe cases of DTC in SO treated by total thyroidectomy (TT) and subsequent radioiodine (RAI) therapy, especially in patients with distant metastases and/or concomitant thyroid cancer. However, the majority of patients apparently did not require radiometabolic therapy. Conclusions: TT and subsequent RAI therapy is usually performed in metastatic disease, not recommended in patients with intraovarian disease without risk factors, and it appeared possible but not mandatory in patients with risk factors.

Visualizing the Knowledge Domain of Research on Cognates: A Bibliometric Analysis

Cognates constitute an essential aspect of lexical processing, and numerous scholars have made significant contributions to studying their processing patterns, influential variables, and theoretical models. However, there has been a lack of systematic reviews that comprehensively examine the body of research on cognates, including their primary research topics, theories, findings, and future directions. The present study conducted a bibliometric analysis of the 726 recordings from 2001 to 2021 retrieved from the Web of Science database. The results revealed that: (1) studies on cognates were mainly conducted in countries using alphabetic languages; (2) cognate processing remains as the focus in the research domain; (3) cognate effect are modulated by factors at word, task, and participant level; (4) BIA+ model is widely used to account for cognate processing. The limitations and potential implications for future cognate research are discussed.

A Literature Analysis of Coastal Zone Carbon Cycle Research Based on Knowledge Graphs

This paper conducts a comprehensive literature analysis of coastal zone carbon cycle research utilizing CiteSpace software to visualize the intellectual structure and evolution of the field from 1999 to 2025. The study categorizes various coastal ecosystems into 12 groups, examining 12,460 documents sourced from the Web of Science databases. The analysis reveals publication dynamics, identifies key publication types, and maps the research topics and cooperation network of participating countries, with a particular focus on the United States and China as leading contributors. The paper also highlights influential authors and thematic clusters within the literature, such as dissolved organic matter, blue carbon, and ocean acidification. The analysis provides a systematic overview of the coastal carbon cycle research field, informing future research directions and policy decisions related to coastal carbon management and climate change mitigation strategies. The study concludes that while significant advancements have been made, there are still considerable gaps and challenges that need to be addressed, emphasizing the potential of coastal ecosystems in mitigating climate change and promoting sustainable development.

Unraveling the Pathways: A Meta-Analysis Exploring the Biopsychosocial Mechanisms Linking Psychosomatic Symptoms and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. Psychosomatic symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, are common in individuals with SLE and can significantly impact disease activity and overall well-being. This meta-analysis aims to explore the biopsychosocial mechanisms linking psychosomatic symptoms and SLE. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases was conducted from January 2013 to December 2024. Studies examining the relationship between psychosomatic symptoms and SLE were included. Data were extracted and analyzed using random-effects models to calculate pooled effect sizes. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between psychosomatic symptoms (depression, anxiety, and stress) and SLE disease activity (pooled effect size: r = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.31-0.53, p &amp;lt; 0.001). Furthermore, dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, pro-inflammatory cytokine activity, and impaired coping mechanisms emerged as key biopsychosocial pathways linking these factors. Conclusion: This meta-analysis highlights the significant impact of psychosomatic symptoms on SLE and identifies potential underlying mechanisms. These findings underscore the need for integrated biopsychosocial interventions in SLE management, targeting both physical and psychological well-being to improve patient outcomes.

Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity: A Comprehensive Review and Future Direction

ABSTRACT As cybercrimes are becoming increasingly complex, it is imperative for cybersecurity measures to become more robust and sophisticated. The crux lies in extracting patterns or insights from cybersecurity data to build data-driven models, thus making the security systems automated and intelligent. To comprehend and analyze cybersecurity data, several Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods such as Machine Learning (ML) techniques, are employed to monitor network environments and actively combat cyber threats. This study explored the various AI techniques and how they are applied in cybersecurity. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, including a bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Using data extracted from two main scholarly databases: Clarivate’s Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus, this article examines relevant academic literature to understand the diverse ways in which AI techniques are employed to strengthen cybersecurity measures. These applications range from anomaly detection and threat identification to predictive analytics and automated incident response. A total of 14,509 peer-reviewed research papers were identified of which 9611 were from the Scopus database and 4898 from the WoS database. These research papers were further filtered, and a total of 939 relevant papers were eventually selected and used. The review offers insights into the effectiveness, challenges, and emerging trends in utilizing AI for cybersecurity purposes.

Lean healthcare: a science mapping of current progress and future research avenues.

This study intends to reveal the existing research stream and predict future research avenues for lean healthcare (LH). This paper analyzes the progress of LH research and identifies key trends, research gaps and future directions. By mapping the knowledge structure, the study offers insights into the effects of LH on healthcare efficiency, patient care and organizational performance. The review used the bibliometric approach, involving 319 journal articles retrieved from the Web of Science database. Two science mapping approaches (i.e. bibliographic coupling and co-word analysis) were performed to investigate the current knowledge structure and future research direction in LH. The current research trend in LH focuses on developing frameworks and strategic implementation by considering critical determinants and decision-making strategies. In the future, the research on LH will emphasize the holistic frameworks and efficient strategies for healthcare excellence, along with strategies to overcome barriers to its implementation. This study will benefit researchers and practitioners by advancing their understanding and applying LH principles. This study provides valuable practical implications for healthcare managers to navigate the complexities of lean implementation, optimize processes and drive sustainable improvements in the healthcare context.

The Impact of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery on Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

We aimed to determine the effect of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) on the improvement of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A systematic search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Meta-analysis of 31 studies with 2594 patients showed that urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was significantly reduced with a mean difference of - 28.19 mg/g (95% CI - 41.17, - 15.21, P-value < 0.001). In addition, subgroup analysis of studies showed a significant decrease after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) but not after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). These results suggest that MBS may lead to better kidney function and improvement in DN.

Determinants and consequences of environmental, social and governance controversies. Status quo and limitations of recent empirical quantitative research

AbstractThe environmental, social and governance (ESG) controversies, defined as a bad behavior which calling into question the commitment to the firm under the media and capture the attention of investors causing conflicts with sustainable business practices, has received increasing attention from academics of several fields. A literature review methodology is used to reviews articles selected from the Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2018 to 2024. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the bibliometric techniques, with the goal of mapping the intellectual landscape of the field and indicating the key issues shaping its current development. This paper is to conduct quantitative bibliometric analysis with several research factors, such as authors, citations, journals, countries, and regions, using techniques with improve the visualization of bibliometric analysis. Furthermore, this review provides a conceptual framework of the ESG controversies to obtain their drivers and reveal the consequences companies face after ESG controversies. This manuscript concludes by discussing implications of the literature analysis and providing some opportunities for future research. This research provides to the understanding of the ESG controversies context and shows insights for future lines of research.

Predicting Glaucoma Progression with Artificial Intelligence: A Meta-Analysis of Machine Learning Models

Introduction: Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, requires early detection and prediction of progression to preserve vision. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising tools for analyzing complex ophthalmic data and identifying high-risk individuals. This meta-analysis evaluates the performance of machine learning (ML) models in predicting glaucoma progression. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted for studies published between 2013 and 2024 that investigated the use of ML models to predict glaucoma progression. Studies reporting performance metrics like sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and accuracy were included. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 1,250 participants. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of ML models for predicting glaucoma progression were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.78-0.84) and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.73-0.81), respectively. The pooled AUC was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.86-0.90), indicating excellent discriminatory ability. Conclusion: ML models hold significant potential for predicting glaucoma progression with high accuracy. Further research with larger, more diverse datasets is needed to validate these findings and develop clinically applicable tools.

Trends in Smart Restaurant Research: Bibliometric Review and Research Agenda

Background The automation of processes and services has transformed various industries, including the restaurant sector. Technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), and big data have been increasingly adopted to enhance service delivery, improve user experiences, and enable data traceability. By collecting user feedback and analyzing sentiments, these technologies facilitate decision-making and offer predictive insights into future food preferences. This study aims to explore current research trends in intelligent restaurants, focusing on technological applications that improve service and decision-making. Methods A bibliometric analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-2020 guidelines. A total of 94 academic documents were reviewed from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, focusing on publications related to intelligent restaurant systems, particularly involving IoT and automation technologies. Results The analysis revealed that the United States, India, and China have contributed the most to the field, with a particular emphasis on China’s implementation of IoT architecture and robotics in restaurant settings. Chinese restaurant innovations, particularly in robotics, are among the most frequently cited in the literature. The study identifies these countries as leading the research in the intelligent restaurant domain. Conclusions Technologies such as IoT, machine learning, RFID, and big data are driving advancements in restaurant automation, enhancing service efficiency and user experience. The United States, India, and China are leading research in this area, with China standing out for its application of robotics and IoT in restaurants. This research provides a foundation for future studies aimed at improving predictive models for food selection and service optimization.

Panoramic view of the effects of active breaks in an educational context

In education, optimising academic achievement (AA) and promoting attention and concentration are essential elements. The main goal of this systematic review (SR) is to analyse and synthetise the scientific evidence to examine the impact that the different interventions with active breaks (AB) have on the AA, attention, and concentration of the students in educational contexts. To do this, the PRISMA protocol is followed (REG INPLASY: INPLASY202390082). The documents that comply with the inclusion criteria for this research are 29 scientific articles extracted from the databases Web of Science (WOS), SCOPUS and ERIC. The specific goals of this study are detailed through 13 research questions related to the characteristics of the works and their results, e.g. thematic and geographic diversity, variability in the research designs, inclusion of several educational levels and academic contents, as well as the presence of common intervention modalities and heterogeneous durations. The panoramic view suggested by the results presents AB as an interdisciplinary topic of international interest mainly focused on basic education, with measure instruments that are diverse and have variable duration, which might influence the comparability between studies. Even though some studies back up the positive effects of AB, the heterogeneity of approaches and results highlights the need of future research in order to unify criteria and allow a better understanding of the effects of AB and their applicability in several educational contexts.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy: current state of the problem

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PCMP) is cardiomyo-pathy with left ventricular systolic dysfunction that develops in late pregnancy or in the first months of postpartum period. Clinical manifestations can vary from mild or moderate to severe symptoms of heart failure with significant functional limitation and high mortality. PCMP has a rather heterogeneous and incompletely studied pathophysiology, which includes hormonal, vascular, metabolic, and immunological pathways, whose implementation becomes possible on the background of genetic predisposition. Treatment is based on heart failure therapy, taking into account the risks associated with pregnancy and lactation. Bromocriptine is being considered as a specific therapy; however, the level of evidence for such treatment is insufficient. The article covers basic information about the pathophysiology, diagnosis, prognosis, prevention and treatment of PCMP at the current stage. For writing this review, the literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

The Role of Dopamine in Gastric Cancer—A Systematic Review of the Pathogenesis Phenomena Developments

Background: In the last few decades, it has been emphasized that dopamine, a well-known neurotransmitter with multiple roles in central nervous system, is also implicated in the activity of peripheral tissues and organs, more specifically influencing the gastrointestinal system (GI). Methods: We registered a protocol under the CRD42024547935 identifier in the Prospero register of systematic reviews. Furthermore, using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study Design strategy to guide our study rationale, and under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations, we conducted a qualitative systematic literature search based on the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using the “gastric cancers AND dopamine” search criteria. We obtained 68 articles from PubMed, 142 articles from Scopus, and 99 articles from the Web of Science database. Results: Within gastric cancer biology, dopamine has notable effects on STAT-3 and DARPP-32. STAT-3, a transcription factor involved in cellular proliferation and invasion, plays a significant role in cancer progression. Conclusions: Understanding the roles of dopamine in cancer, beyond aspects such as cancer cell invasion, immune response modulation, or tumor growth, could guide the development of new cancer therapies by modulating its pathways, especially the DARPP-32/CXCR4/CXCL-12 complex axis, in order to improve the morbidity and mortality caused by this type of cancer.