Wearable Smart Clothing Research Articles

Computer Internet of Things-Based Intelligent Medical System to Be Applied in Home Care of Senile Dementia Patients

It was to explore the accuracy of intelligent home medical system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology and its application value in home care of senile dementia patients. Based on IoT, 5th generation wireless systems (5G), and smart wearable technology, intelligent home medical system was designed from the perspectives of system environment and system design. Smart wearable technology-based wearable smart clothes could recognize and collect electrocardiosignal, breathing signal, body sway signal, and body temperature signal. The data were transmitted to the application layer through the information transmission and processing modules of middle layer, and the extraction accuracy of behavioral features and behavior correct recognition rate of the system were analyzed. 64 senile dementia patients treated in the hospital between January 2019 and June 2020 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group (routine family care) and observation group (intelligent medical care system) according to different nursing methods. Each group included 32 cases. Activity of daily living (ADL) scores, nursing satisfaction, and the accidents during care of the patients in two groups before and after care were summarized. The results showed that the behavioral feature extraction accuracy of intelligent home medical system was above 74.59% and its correct recognition rate of different behaviors reached over 98.5%. ADL score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group 3 months after care ( P < 0.05 ). ADL score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.01 ) 6 months after care. The satisfaction of the observation group was 78.13% (25 cases), which was remarkably higher than that of the control group (31.25%, 10 cases) ( P < 0.001 ). The total satisfaction of the observation group amounted to 93.75% (30 cases), which was higher than that of the control group (68.75%, 22 cases) ( P < 0.01 ). The total incidence of accidents in the control and observation groups was 28.13% and 3.13%, respectively. Obviously, the total incidence of accidents in the observation group was higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.001 ). The above results showed that the established intelligent medical care system demonstrated potential application values in home care, which provided a new idea for the nursing methods for senile dementia patients.

Development and Design of Flexible Sensors Used in Pressure-Monitoring Sports Pants for Human Knee Joints

Flexible pressure sensors are being used widely in sports and human-health monitoring. The knee joint is one of the organs with the highest injury rate while running. By optimizing the structural design of sports pants, the lower limbs can be compressed appropriately to protect the knee joint and improve exercise efficiency. The point of innovation lies in the removable flexible pressure sensors implanted in these leggings developed to monitor the three-dimensional force on the knee in real time. Combined with data analysis, this can provide information to wearers while exercising and to the middle-aged and elderly to prevent knee-strain problems. The experimental results showed that the pressure values of the left and right knee joints measured using the flexible pressure sensors on the leggings in real time and those obtained using the AMI3037-5s Airbag pressure tester were accompanied by F-values and t-test statistical probability values greater than 0.05. This indicates that there was no significant difference between the two values, reflecting the credibility of the flexible pressure-monitoring data. The oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin content of a subjects’ legs after exercising were higher than those before exercising, indicating that the leggings performed well in terms of fatigue relief. The subjects’ body surface temperature, when exercising, changed steadily and dropped gradually in the later stage, indicating that the leggings perform well with respect to thermal and moisture comfort. Flexible sensing technology has promising application prospects in wearable smart clothing in future, particularly in the sports and health fields.

MXene-coated multi-response conductive film based on layer-by-layer assembly strategy for electromagnetic interference shielding

With the rapid development of wearable electronic products and smart devices, there is an urgent need to develop efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI)shielding materials to eliminate the resulting radiation pollution. Herein, hydrophobic and multi-responsive conductive composite film with core-shell structure and sandwich structure are constructed via simple in-situ polymerization and dip coating methods. The thin silicone coating can enhance the bonding fastness of the substrate and the conductive functional layer and endow the composite film excellent waterproof performance. The composite film with a thickness of 45 μm exhibits outstanding electrical conductivity of 62.15 S/cm and EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 37.71 dB. Surprisingly, the composite film also exhibits good waterproof performance and excellent electro-optical thermal response, and has good stability in complex environments. This work proves the advantages of constructing multiple conductive interfaces inside the nanofiber film, and provides a new preparation strategy for efficient multifunctional shielding materials, which is expected to be widely used in the next generation of wearable electronic devices and wearable smart clothing.

Development and Usability Test of Baby Vest Prototypes with a Body Temperature Sensing Function

This study developed a vest prototype capable of monitoring body temperature using textile electrodes to prevent the sudden death of babies as well as to determine the quality of developed products by evaluating usability with commercial products. Based on the results of the 7th Size Korea Project, a basic pattern for a vest prototype was drafted by applying the average size of two-year-old Korean babies. Two prototypes were the detachable (VEST I) and integrated textile electrodes vest type (VEST II), which followed the same design. The materials were 100% cotton single jersey (SJ) and double jersey (DJ). Six experts evaluated the usability of the developed vests (VEST I & VEST II) and commercial product (VEST M). The single-layer woven textile electrode appeared to have a slightly higher conductivity than the double-layer one. There was no statistical difference in the body temperature sensing function between VEST I and VEST II. Finally, the superiority of the VEST I was verified through a comparison with commercial products (VEST M). The usability test suggested that a wearable smart clothing system of the integrated conductive textile could be further commercialized for bio-monitor applications in Ubiquitous-health care.

Realization and Technology Acceptance Test of a Wearable Cardiac Health Monitoring and Early Warning System with Multi-Channel MCGs and ECG.

In this work, a wearable smart clothing system for cardiac health monitoring with a multi-channel mechanocardiogram (MCG) has been developed to predict the myo-cardiac left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) function and to provide early risk warnings to the subjects. In this paper, the realization of the core of this system, i.e., the Cardiac Health Assessment and Monitoring Platform (CHAMP), with respect to its hardware, firmware, and wireless design features, is presented. The feature values from the CHAMP system have been correlated with myo-cardiac functions obtained from actual heart failure (HF) patients. The usability of this MCG-based cardiac health monitoring smart clothing system has also been evaluated with technology acceptance model (TAM) analysis and the results indicate that the subject shows a positive attitude toward using this wearable MCG-based cardiac health monitoring and early warning system.

Present Situation and Future Development Trend of Smart Clothing

<p>With the rapid development of science and technology, our daily clothes are changing quietly. Wearable smart clothing has gradually the leading role in the clothing market. This article first explains the concept of wearable intelligent clothing in china, and then I analyze the various types of wearable smart clothing that is currently facing problems, and summarized about the key points and future directions of wearable intelligent clothing design. From the beginning of 2013, smart watches, bracelets, glasses have entered the public vision, become a "trendsetter who sought the object", this year the industry was identified as "the first year of wearable equipment". In simple terms, a wearable device is a portable device that can be worn directly on the body, or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. However, with the development of wireless sensor technology, kinds of wearable smart clothing gradually appeared in people's life, the smart clothing is made up of small chip, electronic components, power equipment, embedded into clothing, can achieve a specific function, in order to facilitate people's life.</p>

동작인식 스마트 의류제품의 특징적 유형 분석

The purpose of this study is to utilize technology as basic data for smart clothing product research and development. This technology can recognize user's motion according to characteristics types and functions of wearable smart clothing products. In order to analyze the case of motion recognition products, we searched for previous research data and cases referred to as major keywords in leading search engines, Google and Naver. Among the searched cases, information on the characteristics and major functions of the 42 final products selected on the market are examined in detail. Motion recognition for smart clothing products is classified into four body types: head & face, body, arms & hands, and legs & feet. Smart clothing products was developed with various items, such as hats, glasses, bras, shirts, pants, bracelets, rings, socks, shoes, etc., It was divided into four functions health care type for prevention of injuries, health monitor, posture correction, sports type for heartbeat and exercise monitor, exercise coaching, posture correction, convenience for smart controller and security and entertainment type for pleasure. The function of the motion recognition smart clothing product discussed in this study will be a useful reference when designing a motion recognition smart clothing product that is blended with IT technology.

The analysis of the characteristic types of motion recognition smart clothing products

The purpose of this study is to utilize technology as basic data for smart clothing product research and development. This technology can recognize user''s motion according to characteristics types and functions of wearable smart clothing products. In order to analyze the case of motion recognition products, we searched for previous research data and cases referred to as major keywords in leading search engines, Google and Naver. Among the searched cases, information on the characteristics and major functions of the 42 final products selected on the market are examined in detail. Motion recognition for smart clothing products is classified into four body types: head & face, body, arms & hands, and legs & feet. Smart clothing products was developed with various items, such as hats, glasses, bras, shirts, pants, bracelets, rings, socks, shoes, etc., It was divided into four functions health care type for prevention of injuries, health monitor, posture correction, sports type for heartbeat and exercise monitor, exercise coaching, posture correction, convenience for smart controller and security and entertainment type for pleasure. The function of the motion recognition smart clothing product discussed in this study will be a useful reference when designing a motion recognition smart clothing product that is blended with IT technology.

Respiratory Rate Estimation by Using ECG, Impedance, and Motion Sensing in Smart Clothing

The needs for light-weight and soft smart clothing in homecare have been rising since the past decade. Many smart textile sensors have been developed and applied to automatic physiological and user-centered environmental status recognition. In the present study, we propose wearable multi-sensor smart clothing for homecare monitoring based on an economic fabric electrode with high elasticity and low resistance. The wearable smart clothing integrated with heterogeneous sensors is capable to measure multiple human biosignals (ECG and respiration), acceleration, and gyro information. Five independent respiratory signals (electric impedance plethysmography, respiratory induced frequency variation, respiratory induced amplitude variation, respiratory induced intensity variation, and respiratory induced movement variation) are obtained. The smart clothing can provide accurate respiratory rate estimation by using three different techniques (Naïve Bayes inference, static Kalman filter, and dynamic Kalman filter). During the static sitting experiments, respiratory induced frequency variation has the best performance; whereas during the running experiments, respiratory induced amplitude variation has the best performance. The Naïve Bayes inference and dynamic Kalman filter have shown good results. The novel smart clothing is soft, elastic, and washable and it is suitable for long-term monitoring in homecare medical service and healthcare industry.

Highly robust and flexible WO3·2H2O/PEDOT films for improved electrochromic performance in near-infrared region

Innovative WO3·2H2O/PEDOT films with strong adhesion of the electrochromic layer and the substrate were fabricated. A WO3·2H2O/PEDOT electrochromic layer can be firmly fixed to an ethylene vinyl acetate/polyethylene terephthalate (EVA/PET) electrode using Ag as the conductive layer by a transient heating method. The electrochromic film is mechanically robust and can be twisted, folded and crumpled without performance degeneration. Improved performance has been realized by WO3·2H2O/PEDOT films compared with WO3·2H2O films due to the excellent electrical conductivity of PEDOT, including a higher of Li-ion diffusion coefficient (1.1×10−9cm2s−1), faster response time (2.6s for bleaching time and 4.4s for coloration time), higher color efficiency (180.2cm2C−1) and larger transmittance modulation (63.1%) at 956nm. The results are very promising for the next generation of deformable or implantable hidden message displays and wearable smart clothes applications.