Weakening Of Connective Tissue Research Articles

Investigating the impact of sous vide cooking on the eating quality of spent buffalo (BUBALUS BUBALIS) meat

This study describes the impact of sous vide cooking at different temperatures and time intervals on the eating quality, specifically tenderness of two muscles, bicep femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) from spent buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Spent buffalo refers to water buffalo that are no longer considered productive following a sixth lactation cycle. Steaks from each muscle were obtained and cooked at three combinations of time and temperature, namely 55 °C-8H, 65 °C-5H, and 95 °C-45 M, respectively. Warner-Bratzler Shear Force (WBSF), cooking loss, cooking yield, color, water activity (aw), total water content (TWC), total collagen content (TCC), heat soluble collagen (HSC), myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI), and sensory evaluation were measured. The collagen solubilization results showed that temperature and time interacted (P ≤ 0.05), reducing the toughness of the muscles. The tenderization achieved through sous vide cooking was mainly attributed to the thermal denaturation of proteins at the typically lower temperatures and extended time used, weakening of connective tissue through collagen solubilization, and water retention. More cooking loss (P ≤ 0.05) was observed at high temperature treatment of 95 °C-45 M. Meat color, TWC, MFI, and overall acceptability exhibited differences among treatments (P ≤ 0.05). An extended heat interval at lower temperatures caused initial denaturation of myofibrillar proteins, then solubilization of connective tissue proteins. Cooking treatment 55 °C-8H (P ≤ 0.05) reduced the WBSF in both muscles; however, the ST appeared more tender than BF.

Postpartum Women with Urinary Incontinence and Low Back Pain

Background: Many women have urinary Incontinence after giving birth. Approximately 36%-44% of postpartum women have urine incontinence symptoms (UI). Incontinence in the postpartum period is often caused by damage to the urethra, the bladder, the nerves that control bladder function, malfunction in the pelvic floor muscles, or all four. Vesical denervation likely causes UI in women who have had a cesarean section by making the detrusor muscle unstable. F.Factors, Surgical Vaginal Birth, and Prenatal Bladder Neck movement owing to dysfunctional Pelvic Floor Muscles (PFM) and weakened Connective Tissue are further risk factors for the development of UI. Joint laxity, weakening of Connective Tissue, Loosened Ligaments and Stretched Abdominal Muscles from the growing uterus all contribute to the typical occurrence of lower back pain (LBP) in women after childbirth. It has been shown that postpartum women who experience low back pain and UI often do so together. Objective: This study aims to determine whether or not Urine Incontinence and Low Back Pain are related in Postpartum Women. Methodology: the study was conducted in Department of Urology at Lady Reading Hospital (LRH) Quota sampling was employed for this analysis. One group consisted of women with low back discomfort after delivery, whereas the other did not. In order to investigate the correlation between UI severity and LBP, participants were given UI questionnaires. Self-administered questionnaires were made available to respondents in English. Because some participants could not read the questionnaires, we had to collect the information from them verbally. Results: Fisher's exact test was used to look at the distribution of ICIQ-UI scores; the p-value was > 0.05 therefore the null hypothesis was not rejected. This meant that there was no correlation between urinary Incontinence and Lower back pain in women postpartum. Conclusion: This Study concludes disproving the hypothesis that UI and postpartum women experiencing low back discomfort. Keywords: Urinary Incontinence UI), Low Back Pain (LBP), Post Partum period. Pelvic Floor Disorders,

Influence of collagen changes on the tenderness of yak rumen smooth muscle during storage

The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of collagen changes on the tenderness of yak rumen smooth muscle during storage. Yak rumen smooth muscle was stored at 3 ± 1 °C for 7 d and the Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF); total, soluble, and insoluble collagen content (TCC, SCC); collagen solubility (CS); and histological structure were monitored. Label-free mass spectrometry was used to validate the changes in collagen. Collagen changes significantly influenced yak rumen smooth muscle tenderness. A significant positive relationship was found between WBSF and TCC, SCC, as well as CS. The label-free mass spectrometry results validated that the collagen of smooth muscle was degraded during storage. Histological analysis revealed that yak rumen smooth muscle structure was destroyed during storage. Smooth muscle underwent a similar change in tenderness as skeletal muscle, and the weakening of connective tissue was the main reason for smooth muscle tenderness development.

Uterovaginal prolapse: a protruding mass

An overweight 69 year old woman presented to her general practitioner with a recent feeling of “something bulging” between her legs and a pulling sensation in her pelvis. Notable obstetric, gynaecological, and medical history included three normal vaginal deliveries, the heaviest of which weighed 4200 g; total abdominal hysterectomy five years ago for uterine fibroids; and chronic constipation. Pictures were taken in theatre (figs 1⇓ and 2⇓). Fig 1 Fig 2 (1) An enterocele. This was confirmed when omentum was seen when the enterocele sac was opened, as shown in fig 2⇑. (2) Any factor that causes damage to, and break down in, the normal function of ligaments, fascia, and the levator ani muscles (the primary support elements of pelvic structures), can predispose to prolapse. Specific to developing an enterocele is weakening of connective tissue and ligaments that support the uterus. Key factors include ageing, hysterectomy, menopause, childbirth, and multiparity (giving birth …

Etiology of inguinal hernia: ultrastructure of rectus sheath revisited

In the last decade, in the search for abdominal-wall hernia etiology, attention has been brought to alterations in the connective tissue ultrastructure as the probable etiological factor. These may cause weakening of connective tissue, which in turn may form ground for hernia formation. To investigate this hypothesis in depth, we compared the ultrastructure of the connective tissue in hernia patients and the control group. The study group consisted of five patients with primary inguinal hernia (Nyhus II = 4, Nyhus IIIa = 1). Another five patients posted for emergency appendectomy created the control group. Tissue specimens, harvested intraoperatively from the rectus muscle sheath (RAMS) and fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde, underwent staining by the Masson, H-E and methylene blue techniques and were assessed by microscopy (light and scanning electron). The examinations showed significant differences in the rectus sheath ultrastructure. They included altered architecture, placement and quantity of collagen and elastic fibers, differences in the caliber of individual fibers and disrupted ground matter-to-fiber ratio. In patients with hernias, chaotic arrangement of collagen fibers was seen, as well as their thinning and a decrease in the general amount of elastic fibers, replaced by ground matter. Our research has shown significant differences in the structure of the RAMS between patients with hernias and healthy individuals. This supports the theory linking connective tissue alterations with the etiology of hernia, and stating that these alterations include connective tissue at locations distant from the hernia site as well, as the rectus sheath itself does not form a hernial defect.

Influence of death struggle on the structural changes in chub mackerel muscle during chilled storage

: Chub mackerel (34–35 cm, approximately 500 g), which were caught by fishing with a rod and line at the Bungo Channel, Oita prefecture, were rested overnight in a fish preserve and either killed by decapitation (control group) or allowed to struggle in air for 30 min (struggled group). Muscle samples were excised every 4 h, and measurements on breaking strength and histological observations were done for both groups. The breaking strength of muscle in the control group was significantly higher than that in the struggled group, whereby a decrease in breaking strength was delayed for 12 h compared to the struggled group. Light microscopy showed space extension among muscle cells in association with a decrease in breaking strength. Especially in the struggled group, the extended area was larger and the difference in area was significant at the time when breaking strength showed a significant difference. Using electron microscopy, the extended area showed cut and/or disappeared collagen fibrils. From these results, it was demonstrated that struggling to death promoted the degradation of collagen fibrils and the weakening of connective tissue and, resultantly, led to the faster softening of muscle of chub mackerel.