Weak Independence Research Articles

Restricting the domain allows for weaker independence

Arrow’s classical axiom of independence of irrelevant alternatives may be more descriptively thought of as binary independence. This can then be weakened to ternary independence, quaternary independence, etc. It is known that under the full domain these are not real weakenings as they all collapse into binary independence (except for independence over the whole set of alternatives which is trivially satisfied). Here we investigate whether this still happens under restricted domains. We show that for different domains these different levels of independence may or may not be equivalent. We specify when and to what extent different versions of independence collapse into the same condition.

Weak independence and veto power

Weak independence (WI) prevents x from socially ranking above y at profile p if y ranks above x at profile p′ and each individual ordering of { x, y} is the same at p as at p′. If f is transitive-valued and satisfies WI and Pareto then someone has veto power.

Imbedded and non-imbedded stationary characteristics of queueing systems with varying service rate and point processes

In this paper a unified approach is used for proving relationships between customer-stationary and time-stationary characteristics of service systems with varying service rate and point processes. This approach is based on an intensity conservation principle for general stationary continuous-time processes with imbedded stationary marked point processes. It enables us to work under weaker independence assumptions than usual in queueing theory.

Stochastic processes with imbedded marked point processes (pmp) and thcir application in queneing

In generalization of special cases of the literature a class of stochastic processes (PMP) is defined with an imbedded stochastic marked point process of “basic points” which must not be renewal points. A theorem (“intensity conservation principle”) has been proved concerning a relation between stationary distribution of PMP at arbitrary points in time and distributions and intensities connected with the basic points. This relationship simultaneously yields a general method for determination of stationary quantities at arbitrary points in time by means of the corresponding “imbedded” quantities. Some applications to concrete queueing systems have been demonstrated, where arrival or departure epochs of customers are used as basic points. Under weaker independence assumptions as till now done in the literature, new relations are given.