Water Tank Research Articles

Investigation and Optimization of Wave Suppression Baffles in Automobile Integrated Water Tanks

The risk of liquid agitation in pump-driven tanks within integrated tanks has significantly escalated due to the growing demands for tank integration in new-energy vehicles. In order to solve the problem of liquid sloshing in integrated tanks, this paper presents the design of a baffle structure aimed at reducing waves in integrated water tanks. The numerical simulation method of combining the level-set function with the volume of fluid (CLSVOF) has been employed, significantly enhancing the accuracy of numerical calculations related to a two-phase flow field inside an integrated tank. A comparison was made by analyzing different factors, notably baffle length (L), baffle depth (H), and baffle angle (θ), to investigate their influences in suppressing liquid agitation within the integrated water tank. Numerical computations were conducted utilizing design points acquired by the Latin hypercube sampling technique. The Kriging approximation modelling method was employed to hold down computing time. The Pareto solution was obtained by means of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II, while the optimal solution set was evaluated and ranked using the multi-criteria decision-making algorithm (MCDM). The results show that increasing the baffle depth within a certain range can effectively suppress the wave height in the tank. When the baffle depth is increased to a certain value, the effect on wave-height suppression in the water tank is limited. When the baffle length and angle of the baffle exceed a certain value, it will also have the effect of suppressing the wave height in the tank. After comparing various factors of the baffle, it was ultimately found that the wave suppression effect is maximal when the length of the baffle is 13 millimeters, the depth of the baffle is 49 millimeters, and the angle of the baffle is -20 degrees. The main contribution of this study is the proposed wave-suppressing baffle structure, which provides new insights for the future structural design of integrated water tanks.

The intracardiac echocardiographic findings during rewarming using catheter-based cryoablation

Abstract Introduction Cryoablation unlike radiofrequency ablation (RFA) does not damage the endothelium and lining and causes less physical damage, and the mechanisms remain unclear. The increased myocardial echogenicity (iME) observed by intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) during RFA has been reported as the ablation indicator. Purpose To evaluate the ICE findings during ablation using catheter-based cryoablation. Methods In an extra vivo experiment, we set the bovine myocardium to 36°C in a constant temperature bath and experimented on a water tank that generated a non-pulsatile flow. Catheter-based cryoablation was applied to the bovine myocardium at -80 degrees for 240 seconds. The ICE images were evaluated using ViewFlex Xtra during catheter-based cryoablation. Results Macroscopic change (Figure 1): Four seconds after the start of cooling, a thin film of ice began to form between the myocardium and the catheter, and after 7 seconds, the tip of the catheter was covered with ice and the surface of the myocardium was covered with ice. After that, it grew rapidly and an ice ball was formed. There was no change after 18 seconds of cooling. ICE findings (Figure 2): 4 seconds after cooling started, the ME around the catheter tip began to increase, and the ME gradually increased with flickering. The iME stopped after cooling down for 18 seconds and did not change after that. Immediately after stopping cooling, severe flickering occurred and the area of iME began to shrink. The ME gradually returned to its original state with slight bubbles from the central ablation site. Macroscopic change and ICE findings were reproducibly confirmed. Myocardial findings after ablation: The area of cooling was discernible, but the color difference from the surrounding area was not obvious. Conclusions The catheter-based cryoablation ablation shows the severest change detected by ICE immediately after stopping cooling. In addition to tissue damage during the freezing stage, the rewarming may be more associated with tissue damage.

CARTOGRAFIA SOCIAL DA INJUSTIÇA AMBIENTAL NA CHAPADA DO APODI, CEARÁ

Chapada do Apodi, in the state of Ceará, is an expansion area for cotton agribusiness, producing environmental injustice against peasant communities. The study reveals the potential of social maps created through participatory mapping to expose environmental injustice caused by agribusiness. The research aims to demonstrate the environmental injustice triggered by the territorialization of agribusiness in the region through social cartography. A qualitative approach, participatory research, and social cartography are the core procedures for the investigation. The results show that it was possible to demonstrate increased deforestation, areas with a "smell of poison," the incorporation of former goat breeding areas, the deactivation of apiaries and bee deaths, the destruction of social technologies, and the possible contamination of storage tanks for household water. Furthermore, it is evident that environmental injustice can be revealed through participatory mapping processes based on social cartography. Keywords: Social cartography; Environmental injustice; Agribusiness; Chapada do Apodi.

Pendampingan Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat melalui Gerakan Toilet Sekolah Ramah Anak di SD Muhammadiyah Balayuda Palembang

Healthy schools are something that is very necessary in creating a healthy and strong generation, one of which is toilet conditions. Adequate toilets, both in terms of number, appearance and facilities, have a significant impact on students' psychology. The aim of this community service is to increase school students' knowledge of using toilets and create child-friendly toilets. The implementation method is carried out by counseling using poster media and evaluation to determine the success of education for school children. At the end of the activity, the service team provided equipment for the school toilet, namely trash boxes with lids, hand washing soap, toilet tissue and slippers. The results of the activity were carried out on November 18 2023 in the Muhammadiyah Balayudha High School building in Palembang, attended by 20 grade 11 students. The material presented outlined 10 indicators of healthy toilets in terms of number, appearance and facilities including clean, bright, available tissue and soap, fragrant, dry, available running water, not slippery, available trash box, larva-free water tank. Participants were enthusiastic about taking part in this activity because each class in their school was equipped with toilet facilities. The conclusion of this activity is good information and input for the school in maintaining student health, it is necessary to pay attention to aspects of toilet cleanliness and comfort.

Submissions of diagnostic samples of two critically endangered species of handfish (Branchionichthys hirsutus and Thymichthys politus) from a public aquarium from 2018 to 2024.

Handfish (Family Brachionichthyidae) is the most threatened marine teleost fish family, however, there is little information on handfish health. We reviewed the results of submissions of mortalities from captive and captive bred spotted handfish (Branchionichthys hirsutus (Lacepède, 1804)) and red handfish (Thymichthys politus (Richardson, 1844)) from a public aquarium from January 2018 to February 2024. Seventeen cases for spotted handfish (comprising 33 individuals) and five cases for red handfish (one individual each) were submitted for mortality investigation. In 2018-2019, six of seven cases were diagnosed with scuticociliatosis. Other conditions included epitheliocystis (1 of 17), infections with metazoan parasites (2 of 17 for spotted handfish and 2 of 5 for red handfish) and hepatic lipidosis (4 of 17). Most submissions were fixed samples for histology with only one fish suitable for microbiology. We recommend development of a coordinated health program for all captive breeders and aquaria, which should include sampling protocols, collection, and preservation in a range of fixatives of all the dying or dead handfish and adapting sublethal sampling, including tank water to assess presence of pathogens and other microorganisms. Risk factors for handfish health in captivity should be assessed. Handfish health database should be established to avoid loss of corporate knowledge in this area.

Study on Phase Change Materials’ Heat Transfer Characteristics of Medium Temperature Solar Energy Collection System

Within the next five years, renewable energy is expected to account for approximately 80% of the new global power generation capacity, with solar power contributing to more than half of this growth. However, the intermittent nature of solar energy remains a significant challenge to fully realizing its potential. Thus, efficient energy storage is crucial for optimizing the effectiveness and dependability of renewable energy. Phase-change materials (PCMs) can play an important role in solar energy storage due to their low cost and high volumetric energy storage density. The low thermal conductivity of PCMs restricts their use for energy storage, despite their immense potential. Hence, the primary goal of this study is to experimentally investigate the energy storage capacity of two blended phase-change materials (paraffin and barium hydroxide octahydrate) through integration with a medium-temperature solar heat collection system. The experimental findings reveal that the blended PCMs possess the highest cumulative charge fraction (0.59), energy capacity, and low energy loss compared to each PCM alone. Furthermore, the phase change storage tank achieves higher heat storage (27%) and exergy storage efficiency (18%) compared to the stored tank water without any PCMs. The blended PCMs enhanced their performance, exhibiting improved interaction and excellent thermal storage properties across a range of temperatures, offering an opportunity for the design of an energy-efficient, low-cost storage system.

Design and evaluation of an active vineyard heating system to simulate temperature increase in the context of climate change

The current study introduces an innovative direct and active heating system designed for precise temperature control in vineyards. This system serves as a valuable tool for investigating the influence of climate change on grapevine physiology and, consequently, the characteristics of the resulting wine. The research took place in an experimental vineyard located in Mendoza, Argentina, with V. vinifera cvs. trained to a vertical shoot positioning trellis system over two consecutive growing seasons. The system design utilized electric hot water tanks and polypropylene pipes attached to the foliage catch wires. Over two growing seasons, the system consistently elevated the ambient air temperatures within the canopy by 2.5 ± 0.12 °C compared to the control group. This temperature increase emulated the temperature projections for Mendoza as forecasted by the IPCC by the end of this century. The system displayed heating uniformity, as evidenced by the absence of both vertical and horizontal temperature gradients. Additionally, the significant variation in mean daytime and night-time temperatures between the control and heated treatments highlighted the effectiveness of the system in modifying temperature conditions on a diurnal basis. The heated treatment applied with this system proved to have an effective biological impact on the physiology of grapevines. In both seasons, plants under the heated treatment advanced their bud break and harvest dates. The study showed a significant growth enhancement in the heated treatment, with apical shoots extending significantly longer than those in the control treatment. Additionally, the total soluble solids content increased in the heating treatment, while yield decreased, for both experimental seasons. These results illustrate the robust performance of the system throughout the entire growth period, regardless of fluctuations in atmospheric conditions. This study establishes a new foundation for future research on grapevine responses to climate change. It also opens the door to the implementation of effective adaptation strategies in vineyards, promising a more resilient and adaptable future for grape cultivation.

Problem of Surface Waves on Water in Higher School Laboratory Workshop

Traditionally, in lecture courses on General Physics, the example of waves propagating on the water surface is used for the qualitative description of wave phenomena. At the same time, in corresponding laboratory courses, there are almost no quantitative tasks on the same topic, the purpose of which would be to measure the surface wave characteristics. The reason for this difference must be associated with the complexity of the physical mechanism of generation and propagation of waves on the water surface. In this work, a laboratory problem has been developed to measure the group velocity of circular waves traveling on the water surface. It uses a standard laboratory water tank equipped with a surface wave generator. The proposed experiment offers an opportunity for quantitative measurement of surface wave characteristics, a dispute of only qualitative observations of wave phenomena commonly found in current curricula, due to the introduction of two improvements. First, to produce the water waves’ rich in-contrast representations on a screen, the optimal generator amplitude is specially set for each experiment; and second, to measure the group wavelength, the device magnification is preliminary calculated based on the laws of geometric optics. The tests carried out have shown that the relative accuracy of these measurements is quite acceptable: within a few percent. The introduction of the problem of surface waves on water into the General Physics laboratory workshop for engineering specialties of technical universities will contribute to improving the quality of mastering the subject by students.

Hydrochemical Characterisation of the Basement Aquifer with a Focus on the Origin of Nitrate in the Highly Urbanised Niamey Region, SW of Niger

This study investigated the basement aquifer beneath the urbanised city of Niamey and the agricultural fields of Kollo, SW of Niger. During the observation period spanning from 2021 to 2023, groundwater and surface water samples were collected for analysis of major ions and the stable isotopes oxygen-18 and deuterium (δ18O and δ2H) of water. To trace the origin of high nitrate concentrations (NO3−) found in several observation and drinking water wells in both areas, δ15N and δ18O isotope values of NO3− were analysed in groundwater and eluted soil samples. The observed hydrochemical patterns mainly reflect the heterogeneity of the weathered fringe of the basement aquifer. Decreasing concentrations of NO3− and δ18O and δ2H values were observed in relation to the distance of the Niger River and increasing thickness of the clay layer on the surface. The wells close to the river in Niamey show a dilution effect during the flood season, and the NO3− concentrations displayed a continuous increasing trend. The δ15N-NO3 and δ18O-NO3 values confirmed that septic tank water is spreading in the region of Niamey and that manure originating from livestock in Kollo is the main source of NO3−. The patterns of δ15N in the soil samples coincide with those of cattle’s manure spread in both areas. The shallow wells show significantly higher values of electric conductivity and NO3− concentrations compared to the deeper wells, which clearly indicates the influence of shallow septic tanks on water quality.

Dynamic performance of ground supported circular water tank using shaking table

One of the most important lifelines for the human population is the water tank, which needs to be able to continue operating as usual both during and after earthquakes. Due to inadequate design techniques, structures are mainly intended to support static loads. The impact of dynamic loading is not taken into account. When resonance occurs, the effect is even more severe. The main objective of this work is to perform shaking table tests and study the dynamic performance of circular water tanks resting on the ground during shaking. For this investigation, three tanks with different height-to-diameter ratios have been taken into consideration. For various combinations of frequency, amplitude and water height in the tank, the hydrodynamic pressure at various places and the height of the sloshing wave during shaking have been measured experimentally. In comparison to the static water pressure on the container, it is discovered that dynamic pressure increases by 20%–50% during shaking. Resonant frequency drops with increasing tank diameter for a given water head at constant amplitudes.

Determination of the Modal Parameters of the Historical Elevated Water Tank Using Experimental and Numerical Methods

Determining the modal parameters of historical buildings is crucial for understanding their dynamic behavior, which is essential for their preservation and safety for future generations. Experimental and numerical studies are commonly used to characterize modal properties such as natural frequencies and mode shapes. Experimental studies typically employ the operational modal analysis method, while numerical studies employ the finite element method. Vibration measurements of the structure under various environmental conditions, including wind and traffic, were used to determine the modal parameters. However, discrepancies often arise between modal parameters obtained from experimental research and those assessed by finite element models, primarily due to unknown factors like boundary conditions and material properties. The purpose of this study was to measure the vibrations of a historic elevated water tank a 150-year history under ambient conditions to determine its modal characteristics. Comparing the modal parameters obtained from numerical and experimental investigations revealed that the water tank's finite element model requires updating to align with the findings of the experimental modal study. Using the updated finite element model in future evaluations or assessments of the structure can lead to a better understanding of the behavior of the structure.

Phenotypic and molecular detection of some Gram-negative bacteria from water of some commercial fish tanks in Mosul City/Iraq

Phenotypic and molecular detection of some Gram-negative bacteria from water of some commercial fish tanks in Mosul City/Iraq

Optimization of Water Distribution Network Demand Patterns Using Real-Coded Genetic Algorithms

The penetration rate of water supply via water supply facilities in the Republic of Korea has reached 99%, with 94% of the energy for operation consumed by pumps transporting water. Consequently, developing efficient pump operation techniques is crucial for reducing energy costs in water supply systems. This study employs real-coded genetic algorithm techniques to compute optimized demand patterns, considering the utilization of water tanks within networks. Hydraulic appropriateness is verified by evaluating pressure within nodes determined by derived patterns through numerical analysis simulations. Furthermore, after calculating flows supplied to the networks, pump power is determined, and resultant energy costs are estimated to evaluate economic feasibility. Results indicate that pressure distribution in networks with optimal patterns is hydraulically appropriate, meeting hydrodynamic pressure conditions suggested in water supply design standards. Additionally, this study demonstrates a 9% reduction in network energy costs compared to existing patterns. The model presented herein offers a means to efficiently operate water supply systems through water tanks, thereby reducing energy costs.

Two-point statistics in non-homogeneous rotating turbulence

Time-resolved two-dimensional two-component particle image velocimetry measurements with high spatial resolution are carried out in a water tank agitated by four blades rotating at constant speed. Different blade geometries and rotation speeds are tested for the purpose of modifying turbulent flow conditions. In all cases where no baffles are used to break the rotation, the Zeman length is an order of magnitude smaller than the Taylor length. Compared with the cases with baffles which break the rotation, in the unbaffled cases turbulence production and/or mean advection are significant and the turbulence nonlinearity is dramatically reduced for the horizontal (i.e. normal to the axis of rotation) two-point turbulence fluctuating velocities. This nonlinearity reduction is manifest not only in the interscale turbulent energy transfer but also in the interspace turbulent energy transfer, which nearly vanishes. However, the nonlinearity is not reduced for the vertical two-point turbulence fluctuating velocities: the corresponding interscale turbulent transfer rate is in fact intensified, and its dependence on the two-point separation distance, as well as that of the corresponding interspace turbulent transfer rate, which does not vanish, is significantly modified. Even though non-homogeneities are very different for different blades and rotation speeds in the unbaffled cases, the horizontal fluctuating velocity's second-order structure function collapses with scalings which resemble predictions for homogeneous turbulence subject to strong rotation. The vertical fluctuating velocity's second-order structure function does not collapse for different blade geometries by neither these nor the Kolmogorov predictions.

Silver nanoparticles exhibit in vitro anthelmintic and antimicrobial activities against Dactylogyrus minutus (Kulwieć, 1927), and Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio Koi

The study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anthelminthic and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Dactylogyrus minutus and Aeromonas hydrophila, pathogens of Cyprinus carpio Koi. Gill arches of the fish were removed and placed into six-well plates containing 10 mL of tank water with varying concentrations of AgNPs: 100, 400, 500, 600, and 800 mg/L, along with control groups using tank water and distilled water. Each group was tested in triplicate. Parasites were observed every 10 min for 300 min (5 h) using a stereomicroscope, and mortality rates were recorded. Anthelminthic efficacy was calculated at the end of the tests. For the in vitro antimicrobial test, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of AgNPs was determined by adding 100 μL of Poor Broth (PB) culture medium to all 96 wells of a microplate. The first well was filled with 100 μL of AgNPs, followed by serial dilutions (1:2 ratio). Subsequently, 50 μL of A. hydrophila (1 × 107 CFU/mL) was added to all wells and incubated for 24 h at 28 °C. Results showed that 800 mg/L of AgNPs achieved 87% anthelminthic efficacy within 300 min, while 100 mg/L achieved 47% efficacy. The MIC showed bacterial growth inhibition at 125 mg/mL. Despite the 87% efficacy against parasites within 300 min, AgNPs did not reach 100% efficacy quickly, limiting their potential use in ornamental fish farming. Further studies are needed to assess the toxicity of AgNPs in fish.

Introduction of an optimised dynamic installation anchor via model test and numerical analysis: Freefall in the water column

This paper introduces a novel shaped dynamically installed anchor (called ‘maverick anchor’) with optimised geometric components (tip, shaft, and fins). The performance of the maverick anchor in terms of hydrodynamic characteristics (terminal velocity, hydrodynamic drag, and directional stability) obtained through freefall drop tests in water and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analyse was compared with that of existing dynamically installed anchors used in offshore Brazil and in the Gulf of Mexico. Freefall drop tests on model anchors were performed in a 1.56 m depth water tank at UWA. Freefall motions of the anchors were filmed mounting two cameras, and subsequently quantified using Python code. In testings, geometric similarity was ensured between the model and prototype. CFD analyses were then carried out on the corresponding field scale anchors using Ansys/Fluent, fixing the anchor at a particular location, and flowing the water column with a velocity. Numerical analyses ensured similarity in Reynolds number. Results have confirmed that compared to the commercially used dynamically installed anchors, the maverick anchor can attain a higher terminal velocity, and the corresponding drag coefficient is lower due to smooth fluid flow along the anchor body. The verticality or lateral stability during the freefall was also promising.

An Experimental Study of an Autonomous Heat Removal System Based on an Organic Rankine Cycle for an Advanced Nuclear Power Plant

The present study focuses on the recovery of waste heat in an autonomous safety system designed for advanced nuclear reactors. The system primarily relies on passive safety condensers, which are increasingly integrated into the design of advanced Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs). These condensers are typically immersed in large water tanks that serve as heat sinks and are placed at sufficient heights to ensure natural circulation. Such a heat removal system can operate for an extended period, depending on the size of the tank. This research is driven by the potential to recover part of the energy stored in the boiling water volume, using it as a heat source for an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system via an immersed heat exchanger. The electricity generated by the ORC engine can be used to power the system components, thereby making it self-sufficient. In particular, a pump replenishes the water tank, ensuring core cooling for a duration no longer limited by the water volume in the tank. An experimental test setup, including a boiling water pool and an ORC engine with an electrical output of approximately several hundred watts, along with an immersed evaporator, was constructed at CEA (Grenoble, France). Several test campaigns were conducted on the experimental test bench, exploring different configurations: two distinct ORC working fluids, cold source temperature variation effects, and relative positioning of the submerged evaporator and heat source within the water tank impact. These tests demonstrated the reliability of the system. The results were also used to validate both the ORC condenser and evaporator models. This article presents this innovative system, which has recently been patented. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, the investigated configuration of an ORC that includes an immersed evaporator is original.

Stable and unstable fall motions of plate-like ice crystal analogues

Abstract. The orientation of ice crystals affects their microphysical behaviour, growth, and precipitation. Orientation also affects interaction with electromagnetic radiation, and through this it influences remote sensing signals, in situ observations, and optical effects. Fall behaviours of a variety of 3D-printed plate-like ice crystal analogues in a tank of water–glycerine mixture are observed with multi-view cameras and digitally reconstructed to simulate the falling of ice crystals in the atmosphere. Four main falling regimes were observed: stable, zigzag, transitional, and spiralling. Stable motion is characterised by no resolvable fluctuations in velocity or orientation, with the maximum dimension oriented horizontally. The zigzagging regime is characterised by a back-and-forth swing in a constant vertical plane, corresponding to a time series of inclination angle approximated by a rectified sine wave. In the spiralling regime, analogues consistently incline at an angle between 7 and 28°, depending on particle shape. Transitional behaviour exhibits motion in between spiral and zigzag, similar to that of a falling spherical pendulum. The inclination angles that unstable planar ice crystals make with the horizontal plane are found to have a non-zero mode. This observed behaviour does not fit the commonly used Gaussian model of inclination angle. The typical Reynolds number when oscillations start is strongly dependent on shape: solid hexagonal plates begin to oscillate at Re =237, whereas several dendritic shapes remain stable throughout all experiments, even at Re > 1000. These results should be considered within remote sensing applications wherein the orientation characteristics of ice crystals are used to retrieve their properties.

Real‐time estimation of olive flounder growth in indoor aquaculture using cameras combined with a grid

AbstractEstimating fish growth in real time has many benefits for indoor aquaculture farms, such as saving labor time and costs, reducing water pollution during feeding, improving feeding activity and determining when to harvest. Hence, this study proposed a visual‐information‐based method for measuring olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) length, using accurate growth tracking for efficient aquaculture management. Using two cameras, an light‐emitting‐diode (LED) grid was placed at the bottom of the water tank to measure fish length. The pixels unit from the fish length in the captured image was converted to centimeters based on the relationship of a pre‐built dataset. A total of 180 lengths were calculated using images captured by the cameras. The average length of each fish acquired from the cameras was calculated separately, and Lagrange's interpolating polynomial algorithm was implemented to calculate the overall length of each fish. This method reduced the computational complexity, and results were obtained more rapidly and in a user‐friendly environment. The power model generated the length–weight relationship, which allowed us to estimate the body weight of each olive flounder based on the length. The proposed approach enabled us to calculate the length of olive flounders with a highly accurate R2 of 0.995.

Problems of management of patient biological waste in radionuclide diagnostics

Biological excretion from patients (urine) generated during radionuclide diagnostics enters directly into the hospital sewage system. The establishment of new clearance level according to Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1069 of October 19, 2012 may entail amendments to regulatory documents for radionuclide diagnostics departments. One of these requirements is a mandatory dedicated sewage system. Establishment of the requirement may lead to an increase the cost of the radionuclide diagnostic examinations, and to a decrease the accessibility of radionuclide diagnostic. The aim of this study was to estimate the activity of radionuclides in patient urine after radionuclide diagnostic and activity concentration in sewage water in the hospital and in the transport tank of toilet for evaluation of paths of waste manage. Based on published literature data, models of biological excretion were constructed for the following radiopharmaceuticals: 99mTc-pyrophosphate, 64Cu-Labeled Monoclonal Antibody, 18F-FDG, 68Ga-PSMA-617. The activity of radionuclides in the patient waste in the hospital and in public transport during the patient transportation to home was calculated. Various scenarios of patient transportation were considered. The values of the excreted activity, activity concentration and dose rate at 1 m from the tank with sewage water for each type of transport were calculated. The calculated values of the radionuclide activity concentration in sewage water in transport tank of toilet for the majority scenarios exceed the clearance level (up to 180 times for 68Ga-PSMA-617 when traveling by bus). According the regulatory requirements, it is necessary to collect patient excretions after radionuclide diagnostic examinations and hold it for decay. However, estimated effective doses of individuals from the public from contact with biological patient waste do not exceed the acceptable value. This is due to the short half-life of diagnostic radionuclides. The paths of management system of biological patient waste were proposed.