Water Supply Scheduling Research Articles

Efficient Water Supply Scheduling in IoT Sector With Modified Exploration-Based Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer

The main contribution of the proposed work is to minimize the capacity of the canal region and functional step for the head gate of the supply canal depending on the canal constraint. Due to the communication and interconnection over the sensors in IoT, the required decision variables are obtained for the operation of water supply scheduling. Then, the proposed model utilizes several decision variables such as start time, and discharge rate. In various sections, the decision variables change from the head of the canal to the tail, which is also to be gradually decreased as well. To overcome this constraint, the Modified Exploration-based Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer (ME-AGTO) algorithm is proposed in this article, where the start time, and discharge rate is efficiently optimized. The newly developed ME-AGTO algorithm is applied for the two-way water supply and acquires the optimal scheduling of the water supply. Hence, the canal capacity is considered with optimized variables at different sections throughout the head and tail parts of the canal. Thus, the schedules are created for the inflow of water with the aid of the rotation period and head gate. The performance is estimated to obtain the desired results of less conveyance loss.

Model studies of a curved suction pipe of pumping units

The purpose of the research was to study the hydraulic conditions of the flow supply in the new design of the curved suction pipe and to study the effect of these conditions on the pump operation. Improving the suction pipes provides a predetermined schedule of water supply, reducing unproductive losses and the cost of electricity for water lifting. Therefore, such studies are relevant. The article uses methods of physical modeling with the introduction of the obtained data on full-scale structures. The values of the dimensionless coefficients and the corresponding hydraulic gradients for various times are studied on a suction pipe model at Qmax and Qmin, over the entire range of operating parameters. The chosen method of improving the suction pipes provides an optimal water supply schedule, reducing unproductive losses and electricity costs for water lifting. During the reconstruction of pumping stations, projects for the modernization of water supply facilities were introduced with annual energy efficiency amounting to 1312 million sum for the pumping stations Kuyumazor, Kiziltepa-1 - 105 million sum.

Optimization of the Operation of Groundwater Intakes Using Two-Column Wells

The average number of wells at a typical water intake is 30–40; while the power of the submersible pump is usually 32–40 kW; which means that only at one well water intake the power consumption of electric pumping equipment during the hours of greatest water consumption can reach 900–1600 kW. In the structure of operating costs of well water intakes; the share of electricity costs reaches 85 %. Taking into account the requirements for reducing costs and water tariffs of housing and communal services enterprises as well as of water utilities; energy saving is an urgent task. The article considers the optimization of the operation of groundwater intakes with uneven water supply due to the use of two-column water intake wells instead of typical single-column ones. It is shown that the use of powerful pumps in single-column wells of such water intakes causes a sharp decrease in the dynamic water level in the borehole. On the one hand; this provokes the formation of colmating deposits in the filters due to their aeration; reduces the specific flow rate of the well and shortens the intervals between regenerations. On the other hand; this increases the geometric pressure of submersible pumps and energy consumption for lifting water. The theoretical foundations of determining the supply of pumps installed in single- and two-column water intake wells supplying water to the pressure filter of the water treatment plant are considered. An example of a comparative analysis of the operation of one working well with one powerful pump as part of a water intake of two single-column wells (working and reserve) to cover the entire water supply schedule and two two-column working wells containing one less powerful pump in each column is given. The energy efficiency of these pumping systems is investigated. As a result of calculations; it was found that when combining the operation of pumps of two-column wells during periods of peak; main and partial loads; the annual energy savings will amount to 33 %.

Development of a Framework for Ideal Water Management of a Household in a Smart City Environment

Most of the houses in a city or town get their water supply from their City Corporation or water board. Majority of the areas in a city have a water supply schedule planned. The people living in such areas manage their water usage according to the schedule and have to manually note down the next date for their water supply. Due to circumstances, such as technical difficulties with the reservoir or the water-board, a sector may not get the water supply on the expected day which might lead the household with no water and also create much commotion due to confusion. Our project automates this process by informing the users on what day their particular sector is going to get the water supply and if there are any delays to a particular sector, the local officer can inform to the database admin and the water supply date will be updated accordingly. In addition to this, the user can also check the water bill information and can also get the contact information of their sector’s water supply contractor. Thus, our project will act as a solution to all the water supply problems of a household.

Study on the streamflow compensation characteristics of reservoirs in Luanhe River Basin based on Copula function

Abstract With the rapid development of economy and society, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is increasing. Efficient utilization and allocation of limited water resources are one of the main means to solve the above contradictions. In this paper, the multidimensional joint distribution of natural streamflow series in reservoirs is constructed by introducing the mixed Copula function, and the probability of wet and dry encounters between natural streamflow is analyzed. Luan River is located in the northeastern part of Hebei Province, China, taking the group of Panjiakou Reservoir, Douhe Reservoir and Yuqiao Reservoir in the downstream of Luan River Basin as an example, the probabilities of synchronous and asynchronous abundance and depletion of inflow from the reservoirs are calculated. The results show that the probability of natural streamflow series between reservoirs is 61.14% for asynchronous wetness and dryness, which has certain mutual compensation ability. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the risk of water supply security in Tianjin, Tangshan and other cities, and strengthen the optimal joint water supply scheduling of reservoirs. The research results are reasonable and reliable, which can provide reference for water supply operation of other basins.

Pengaturan Irigasi Berbasis Iot Untuk Persawahan

Water is the most important part of the agricultural system that cannot be replaced by other media, the problem is that on agricultural land with a limited amount of water this water must be divided equally by all farmers. Often there are disputes between farmers over fighting for water. In the traditional irrigation system, there is generally someone appointed by the residents to manage irrigation in the fields. This officer will open the lid of the irrigation system by hoeing the rice fields and waiting for the water to fill the rice fields to a predetermined limit. But there are frequent water thefts by residents who can't wait to queue. This study aims to design an automatic control device for water flow in rice fields that can make it easier to provide water to the rice fields. The design of the system begins with the use of an Arduino Uno microcontroller, as a system controller, a servo motor to open and close the floodgates, NodeMCU for communication with Telegram and a water level to set a water volume level limit in a rice field can be formulated by measuring the area of land multiplied by the water level. Officers can provide instructions via Telegram installed on the smartphone, so opening and closing the floodgates can be done remotely. With this system, it can help officers and farmers to manage the water supply schedule without having to go to the fields to open rice fields and wait for the water to reach its maximum limit. This system works well if it is supported by a good irrigation network infrastructure

ARIMA-M: A New Model for Daily Water Consumption Prediction Based on the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model and the Markov Chain Error Correction

Water resource is considered as a significant factor in the development of regional environment and society. Water consumption prediction can provide an important decision basis for the regional water supply scheduling optimizations. According to the periodicity and randomness nature of the daily water consumption data, a Markov modified autoregressive moving average (ARIMA) model was proposed in this study. The proposed model, combined with the Markov chain, can correct the prediction error, reduce the continuous superposition of prediction error, and improve the prediction accuracy of future daily water consumption data. The daily water consumption data of different monitoring points were used to verify the effectiveness of the model, and the future water consumption was predicted in the study area. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the prediction error compared to the ARIMA.

Multi-objective optimal water supply scheduling model for an inter-basin water transfer system: the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project, China

Abstract Inter-basin water diversion reallocates water resources by changing their spatio-temporal distribution characteristics between basins. This can effectively relieve water supply and demand conflicts in regions with water resource reserves shortages. However, building inter-basin water diversion projects obviously reduces the inflow from upstream, leading to increasingly conspicuous conflicts between water diversion outside a basin and water utilization inside the basin. To relieve this conflict and explore the optimal scheme of water resource allocation across river basins, this paper chooses the Middle Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project on the Hanjiang River as a case study. A water supply scheduling model of Danjiangkou Reservoir is built using an integrated inter-basin diversion draw water reservoir regulation (IDR) model to balance multiple conflicting water demands. In the IDR model there are two types of objective sets: aggregate indicators and process matching degree functions. Moreover, six evaluation indexes are selected to analyze the water resource allocation effect of the optimal scheme. The simulation results indicate that the proposed IDR model in this paper is practicable and efficient for water resource allocation across river basins.

Bayesian regularized NAR neural network based short-term prediction method of water consumption

With the continuous construction of urban water supply infrastructure, it is extremely urgent to change the management mode of water supply from traditional manual experience to modern and efficient means. The water consumption forecast is the premise of water supply scheduling, and its accuracy also directly affects the effectiveness of water supply scheduling. This paper analyzes the regularity of water consumption time series, establishes a short-term water consumption prediction model based on Bayesian regularized NAR neural network, and compares and evaluates the prediction effect of the model. The verification results show that the Bayesian based NAR neural network prediction model has higher adaptability to the water consumption prediction than the standard BP neural network and the Bayesian regularized BP neural network. The prediction accuracy can more accurately reflect the short-term variation of water consumption.

Optimization of irrigation water use to increase the benefit of agricultural products

Shortage of irrigation water supply in dry season prevents many farmers from growing their crops, and the annual benefit from agricultural products will decrease as much as the area of irrigation fields which have lack of water. The objective of this study is to determine the maximum benefit from agricultural products based on water availability, by determining the appropriate cropping pattern and maximum planting areas through linear programming. The case-study location is at Leuwi Kuya Irrigation Region. Planting schedule is selected based on minimum water shortage from simulation of 6 alternative planting schedules. Then, the best pattern of cropping (planting method and the total area) is determined using linear programming. Optimization is carried out in 3 scenarios with various planting methods (conventional and SRI), minimum irrigation water demand (class-area system), and schedule for beginning of the 3-growing seasons annually. Result of this study is the optimal area of the irrigated region that can be planted based on the water availability. The maximum benefit is 89 billion rupiahs, using SRI planting method and distribution of three groups of irrigation fields in water supply schedule.

无线传感网络在供水调度自动化系统的应用

设计基于SCADA和GIS技术的供水调度自动化系统，并采用无线传感网络技术实现RTC单元，实现监控数据的无线传输。显著提高系统部署的灵活性，降低了测控系统的运营成本。供水调度自动化系统的上线运行，可实时收集供水网络全面的信息，实现系统数据的全局化管理和分析，改善了供水企业信息化管理水平，有助提升了企业的核心竞争力。The automatic water supply scheduling system based on SCADA and GIS has been designed, which takes the technology of wireless sensor network to realize the RTU module and the wireless transmission of the monitored data. It has strikingly improved the flexibility of the system arrangement and cut down the running cost of the monitor- ing system. The online operation of this system will offer in-time comprehensive information of the water supply net- work, realize the overall management and analysis of the data system, promote the information management level of the water supply enterprise, and intensify the core competence for the enterprise.

PRESSURE: The PoliTechnics of Water Supply in Mumbai

In Mumbai, most all residents are delivered their daily supply of water for a few hours every day, on a water supply schedule. Subject to a more precarious supply than the city's upper-class residents, the city's settlers have to consistently demand that their water come on “time” and with “pressure.” Taking pressure seriously as both a social and natural force, in this article I focus on the ways in which settlers mobilize the pressures of politics, pumps, and pipes to get water. I show how these practices not only allow settlers to live in the city, but also produce what I call hydraulic citizenship—a form of belonging to the city made by effective political and technical connections to the city's infrastructure. Yet, not all settlers are able to get water from the city water department. The outcomes of settlers' efforts to access water depend on a complex matrix of socionatural relations that settlers make with city engineers and their hydraulic infrastructure. I show how these arrangements describe and produce the cultural politics of water in Mumbai. By focusing on the ways in which residents in a predominantly Muslim settlement draw water despite the state's neglect, I conclude by pointing to the indeterminacy of water, and the ways in which its seepage and leakage make different kinds of politics and publics possible in the city.

Wireless Monitoring and Scheduling System of Urban Water Supply Network

Currently, data communications used in the monitoring and scheduling system of urban water supply network can be simply divided into wireless and wired. While the wireless data communications with network flexibility, less investment, easy maintenance, cost-effective advantages. Therefore, the wireless data communications has become a major data transmission in urban water supply scheduling. The wireless transmission of state parameters in urban water supply pipe network was studied in this paper. This paper presents a wireless monitoring and scheduling scheme based on the short message transmission technology in urban water supply network. It introduced the hardware components of the system, and wireless data transmission software.

Evaluation of Irrigation-Service Utility from the Perspective of Farmers

This paper highlights an alternative approach for the partial evaluation of an irrigation system considering irrigation as a service to farmers. It avoids the need of quantitative data on water delivery and concentrates on performance evaluation from the perspective of farmers. The concept of fuzzy set theory was applied to analyse the linguistic responses of farmers with respect to irrigation service provided to them. The present study was carried out in Nimapara Branch Canal under Puri Main Canal irrigation system of Mahanadi Delta Irrigation Project in the State of Orissa, India. The utility of irrigation water supply schedule was assessed on the basis of three factors i.e. tractability, convenience and predictability and 10 sub-factors under three factors. The analyses revealed that farmers' level of satisfaction with the factors in an increasing order was predictability, convenience and tractability. Head reach of the system recorded relatively higher utility values as compare to middle and tail reach of irrigation command. The most important factor is found to be predictability followed by tractability and convenience. There are differences in the opinions of the farmers about the water delivery system. These opinions are, however, closer in the importance attached by them to the individual sub-factors and factors.

Understanding water delivery performance in a large-scale irrigation system in Peru

During a two-year field study the performance of the water delivery was evaluated in a large-scale irrigation system on the north coast of Peru. Flow measurements were carried out along the main canals, along two secondary canals, and in two tertiary blocks in the Chancay-Lambayeque irrigation system. The most important finding was the unexpectedly high accomplishment rate of the actual delivery at field level compared with the on-request schedule. Delivery performance ratios (DPRs) were very close to unity. Three main factors were identified contributing to this good performance: the high degree of accountability of the Water Users' Association towards the water users, the skills and experience of the operators to deal with the - difficult to operate - undershot sliding gates, and the high degree of mutual social control among the water users and their high labour input. It is concluded that the institutional design and skills of operators made a good delivery performance possible, overcoming the difficulties caused by the irregular water supply, infrastructure and on-request schedule

Decision support system for reservoir operation considering rotational supply over irrigation blocks

This study aims not only to evaluate agricultural drought in paddy using the storage ratio of the corresponding reservoir, but also to develop a rotational irrigation scheduling system (RISS) for supporting both water supply scheduling and on–off control works for automated irrigation. From the present storage ratio of reservoir and an operation rule curve (ORC) as a guideline for releasing irrigation water, reservoir operators could determine the appropriate time to restrict the irrigation water supply, and calculate the deficient amount of irrigation water. The RISS based on the ORC and weekly rainfall forecasting information has been developed for decision support to minimize drought damage in irrigation districts during the irrigation period. The system was also applied to a test irrigation district with the Yedang irrigation reservoir, which is located in the mid-west of Korea. The RISS could be utilized as a water management program for irrigation reservoirs by interfacing with telemetering and telecontrol (TM/TC) technology.

Parallel dynamic water supply scheduling in a cluster of computers

Parallel dynamic water supply scheduling in a cluster of computers

Parallel dynamic water supply scheduling in a cluster of computers

AbstractThe parallelization of complex planning and control problems arising in diverse application areas in the industrial, services and commercial environments not only allows the determination of control variables in the required times but also improves the performance of the control procedure as more processors are involved in the execution of the parallel program. In this paper we describe a scheduling application in a water supply network to demonstrate the benefits of parallel processing. The procedure we propose combines dynamic programming with genetic algorithms and time series prediction in order to solve problems in which decisions are made in stages, and the states and control belong to a continuous space. Taking into account the computational complexity of these applications and the time constraints that are usually imposed, the procedure has been implemented by a parallel program in a cluster of computers, an inexpensive and widely extended platform that can make parallelism a practical means of tackling complex problems in many different environments. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

広域水運用計画への対話型多目的計画法の応用

広域水運用計画への対話型多目的計画法の応用