Water Sports Research Articles

Playing sport as a central-line carrier: a survey to collect the European pediatric intestinal failure centers' view.

The administration of home parenteral nutrition improves quality of life for patients with intestinal failure, thus fostering their will to actively participate to social activities. Nevertheless, sports participation can be risky for patients with a central venous catheter (CVC). Despite literature thoroughly proving the positive impact of sports on motor-psychosocial development, no consistent evidence assessing its role on central-line complications is available. This study aimed to report the European centers' approach to children with intestinal failure on home parenteral nutrition and interested in playing sports, further assessing complications and how to prevent them. A questionnaire focusing on children with intestinal failure regarding physical activity was circulated to 20 centers. Questions assessed the centers' policy for CVC management, the sports-related recommendations for patients on home parenteral nutrition and complication rates. Sixteen (80%) centers filled in the questionnaire. Twelve centers reported not to have a standardized formal protocol for catheter care during sports. All centers encouraged patients to perform mild/moderate exercise, whereas high-contact sports were allowed by one center only. Specific dressings were suggested to protect the vascular access device, especially for water sports. Only one sports-related complication (rupture) was reported. This survey emphasizes that sports should not be restricted in patients with intestinal failure and represents a blueprint for sports-related recommendations for these patients. Prospective studies assessing complication rates are advisable to ensure an improved access to sports for these patients.

SOSIALISASI PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI WISATA PITKANO MENUJU DESA TUJUAN WISATA DI DESA SIBANGGEDE

Based on observations and field surveys in Sibanggede Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency has the potential for a tourist attraction, namely pitkano water sports, this tourist area uses the Tukad Ayung river path as a vehicle for pitkano activities. Pitkano Tourism is a means of promoting the Tourism Destination Village to attract tourists so as to grow the economy of the Sibannggede Traditional Village community. However, from the results of the interview, it was found that the management needs information related to the advantages and disadvantages along the pitkano route, this will affect the readiness of Sibanggede Village to become a tourist destination area (DTW) in the coming year. The efforts taken to solve these problems are to create the right media and means of socialization. This decision takes into account the cost aspect and the latest trends in public communication. Thus, it was decided that socialization would be carried out through the creation of adventure genre videos that would emphasize the main selling point of this potential for piccanoe tourism through the visual values of Tukad Ayung as a trial route as well as excitement or excitement in its implementation. And in addition to reviews of experiences from trial participants related to advantages or disadvantages during the activity.

Gender stereotypes in the physical education textbook

Gender stereotypes in media, including books, can play an important role in the process of gender identity construction. The purpose of this study is to analyze gender representation in Elementary School Physical Education, Sports and Health textbooks. The analysis was conducted by tabulating images and looking at the appearance of gender characters in the text in the elementary physical education books from grade one to grade six. Visibility and Firstness refer to the number of times a male or female character appears first in an exercise. Gender stereotypes (such as female characters doing rope games, male characters playing big ball games) were counted. Based on this data, it can be seen that in classes 1,2,4,5 and 6 there are more male images than female, only in class 3 there are more female images than male. Furthermore, the results of Gender Stereotyping data show that males are more dominant in Floor Gymnastics, Water Sports, Physical Fitness Activities, Invasion Games, Net Games, Maintenance of Reproductive Hygiene, Pencak Silat Martial Arts, and Athletics. In contrast gymnastics materials and Rhythmic Gymnastics Activities are dominated by women. Such stereotypes are considered as one of the ways in which gender identity is influenced and constructed. They can limit individuals' choices in relation to their roles, interests and aspirations, as individuals tend to conform to what is perceived as the gender norm in society.

Study on the High-quality Development of Water Sports Tourism in Hainan

With the deepening of establishing a national sports tourism demonstration area, water sports tourism, as an important part of Hainan tourism, is facing unprecedented opportunities for development. This paper aims to analyze the resource advantages, development status and existing problems of Hainan water sports tourism, and put forward the strategies and suggestions for high-quality development. Through literature review, field research and case analysis, this paper discusses the high-quality development path of water sports tourism in Hainan, in order to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the construction of Hainan free trade port and international tourism consumption center.

Acute effects of swimming goggle wearing on intraocular pressure, anterior chamber biometrics, and optic nerve head morphology

Swimming goggles (SG) are widely used in water sports, and this study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of wearing SG on intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber biometrics, axial length (AL), and optic nerve head (ONH) morphology. Twenty-eight healthy young adults participated in this cross-sectional study, with assessed parameters including IOP, central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), AL, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the ONH, specifically Bruch membrane opening (BMO), Bruch membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), lamina cribrosa depth (LCD), and prelaminar tissue (PLT). Measurements were taken at four time points: before wearing SG, at the 1st and 10th minutes of wearing, and immediately after removal. The results showed a significant increase in IOP at the 1st and 10th minutes of SG wear compared to pre-wear and post-removal values. Additionally, decreases in CCT, ACD, and ACA, along with an increase in AL, were observed while wearing SG. However, these changes reverted to baseline after the goggles were removed. No significant alterations were detected in ONH parameters during the study. The findings suggest that wearing SG induces an acute rise in IOP and changes in anterior segment parameters, likely due to oculopression, but does not appear to affect ONH morphology in the short term. Further studies are needed to investigate any potential long-term effects.

The Effect of Water Sports on the Performance of Adolescent Boys

In our education system sports has given the importance at school and college levels. Even though enriching athletic performance is a real problem in our country. Many rural students are up to the mark and willing for hardworking but due to lack of facilities they are lagging behind. Consequently, the participation of students in track and field athletics in Indian schools is also amazingly very less. They prefer major games because maximum incentives and importance are given by the sports world. Out media highlights mostly the sports starts of cricket, football, hockey, badminton, tennis, etc. but rarely gives importance to track and field athletes. Presently the status of 100 meters sprint event especially for boys have enriched as a competitive sports. The excitement and thrill provided by this particular event has won the heart of common man. After the pretest, with 100 meters sprint, the experimental group underwent a training programme of aqua exercises and control group did not participate in any training programme but they were following their daily routine in the school. The training program has been conducted three days in a week alternatively, for total period of 12 weeks. The training schedule prepared by the investigator was applied to the experimental group. The mid test of both the groups administered after every two weeks. A total five mid tests were administered and post test was administered after 12 week training program. The 100 meter sprint performance was considered as the main dependent variable as selected in this study and the training intervention (i. e. aqua exercises) was considered as independent variable. And finally it help to conclude that through the aqua exercise training program module there was gradual and useful improvement in performance ability of 100 meter sprint of school going boys.

Marine Tourism Potential of Jikomalamo Beach Ternate, North Maluku Province

This research aims to assess the potential and governance of tourism to formulate participation management strategies for the marine touris attraction of Jikomalamo Beach in Ternate. Data for this research were obtained through observation methods, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis, IFAS, EFAS analysis, and SWOT analysis, which resulted in participation management strategies. The results of this research shows that the strengths of Jikomalamo management include community participation in destination management, potential for underwater tourism, management of water sport facilities, and the existence of a dive center management. Meanwhile, the weaknesses of Jikomalamo Ternate include the absence of a tourism management organization (pokdarwis), lack of management of human resources quality, lack of stakeholder involvement, and the absence of a tourist information center. Based on the Internal External (IE) matrix, it is known that the position of Jikomalamo Beach management is in quadrant one which is strong. where the strategy used is Growth strategy. Based on the SWOT analysis, it is known that there are six alternative participatory management strategies to be applied, namely community engagement strategy, human resource development, establishment of management organizations, collaboration among stakeholders, and improvement of tour packages.

Body Composition and Dietary Intake Profiles of Elite Iranian Swimmers and Water Polo Athletes.

This study aimed to conduct a detailed and comparative analysis of body composition and dietary habits in elite swimming and water polo athletes. Through the examination of these key parameters, this study seeks to compare the dietary intake of these two distinct aquatic sports disciplines. A total of 10 top-level swimmers and 13 water polo athletes participated in anthropometric and body composition assessments, as well as a detailed analysis of nutritional intake. To compare the two groups, an independent samples t-test was used, and variance homogeneity was checked using Levene's test. The effect size of the group differences was evaluated using Hedges' g. Water polo athletes showed significantly greater height (189.4 ± 2.9 vs. 186.5 ± 2.0 cm, p = 0.013), body mass index (24.3 ± 1.4 vs. 22.1 ± 0.5 kg/m2, p < 0.001), fat-free mass (62.9 ± 1.4 vs. 61.1 ± 1.38 kg, p < 0.001), skeletal muscle mass (47.1 ± 1.3 vs. 43.9 ± 1.6 kg, p < 0.001), and overall weight (86.9 ± 6.9 vs. 76.7 ± 2.2 kg, p < 0.001) in comparison to swimmers. Swimmers consumed greater amounts of mean daily energy (60.0 ± 1.0 vs. 39.0 ± 1.0 kcal/kg, p < 0.001), carbohydrate (7.8 ± 0.3 vs. 4.4 ± 0.5 g/kg, p < 0.001), protein (1.7 ± 0.5 vs. 1.4 ± 0.5 g/kg, p < 0.001), and fat (2.4 ± 0.5 vs. 1.7 ± 0.5 g/kg, p < 0.001) compared to water polo athletes. Our findings highlight the need for differentiated targeted nutritional interventions to enhance athletic performance in different types of water sports. Compared to water polo athletes, swimmers consumed significantly higher amounts of calories, matching their increased calorie demand from their specific training regime. However, this is an observational study and the differential needs of energy and macronutrients in water sports should be confirmed by studies with energy expenditure measurements.

‘He wants to play football but not available here … ’ Parent perspectives of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander child physical activity and sport participation

ABSTRACT Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children have higher physical activity participation levels than non-Aboriginal children. However, this trend reverses in adulthood. Data came from the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children (LSIC) at age 8–13 years. Using conventional content analysis, interviews with primary caregivers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were analyzed to understand current sports and physical activity participation, what children would like to do, and associated barriers. Sport (individual and team) and play were identified as important; with football and water sports most frequently mentioned as activities that children enjoy. Dancing was frequently mentioned as an activity that children enjoy and would like to participate in … These findings identify preferences for physical activity and sports participation, including activities that have cultural significance for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in addition to exercise. These activities can act as mediums for family, kinship, community and cultural connection.

The future of events in the tourism industry: the case of the “Best of the Best Things to Do 2023” on TripAdvisor

PurposeThis study aims to use TripAdvisor data to identify which themes and events will attract more interest in the future of tourism activities and to provide guidance to the industry accordingly.Design/methodology/approachThis study used qualitative case study approach. To identify key themes in the top-rated activities, thematic analysis of user-generated content was conducted through MAXQDA 2020 Analytics Pro software.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate a growing trend in tourist preferences, with a notable increase in the popularity of wellness activities such as spa treatments and yoga retreats. Tourists also highly prefer cultural experiences like local festivals and historical tours, adventure activities such as hiking and water sports, and food-related activities like cooking classes and wine tastings. There is a significant trend towards sustainable and environmentally friendly tourism activities. These results underscore the need to cater to diverse tourist interests in developing future tourism offerings.Practical implicationsDeveloping innovative events, using data-driven marketing strategies, involving local communities, and catering to diverse preferences can enhance the sustainability and competitiveness of the tourism sector.Social implicationsUnderstanding tourists' tendencies towards cultural, adventurous and sustainable experiences helps tourism operators and managers to create offers that satisfy tourists while promoting environmentally friendly practices. This shift promotes cultural preservation, environmental protection and community involvement.Originality/valueThis study uniquely analyzes top-rated TripAdvisor activities to identify key trends in tourist preferences, highlighting the growing demand for cultural, adventurous, gastronomic, and sustainable tourism.

Study of The Comfort of Glamping Tourism Supporting Facilities in The Ciwidey Tourism Area, Bandung Regency, West Java

Camping is one of the activities that interact directly with nature; besides that, camping can build intimacy with the people around us. Camping with comfortable facilities, commonly called Glamour Camping or abbreviated by the term Glamping, is a luxury camping that is a favourite of the world community, including Indonesia. Bandung Regency, especially Ciwidey, has a lot of natural potentials, one of which is Camping Site pine trees, lakes, tea and coffee plantations. Various activities that can be done in the Ciwidey Tourism Area include camping, outbound, water sports, and sightseeing. However, there are not many studies that specifically explore the comfort aspects of tourist support facilities, especially for the Glamping Tourism typology. The purpose of this study is to determine and identify the comfort aspects of Glamping Tourism supporting facilities in the Ciwidey Tourism Area, Bandung Regency, West Java. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach involving 2 (two) variables, namely the actual condition of tourism and comfort &amp; cleanliness. Data collection techniques were carried out through field observation, documentation studies, and questionnaires. The data collected was then analyzed descriptively and also used SWOT analysis with supporting data from the results of the tourist questionnaire. The results of the analysis of this study concluded that - Tourist responses to glamping tourism facilities in terms of physical conditions show that the available facilities are quite good, but there is still a need for a development strategy for glamping tourism facilities in the wider tourist area by maintaining facilities and maintaining glamping tourism facilities in terms of quality and quantity, collaborating with many parties, following the development of tourism trends.

MODERN STATE OF SPORTS AND RECREATIONAL TOURISM

The article explores the concept of sports and recreational tourism. It defines the basic characteristics and goals of sports and recreational tourism, analyzes its varieties and functions. Various approaches to defining this concept are examined, and typical features and peculiarities are identified. The classification of sports and recreational tourism contributes to a more in-depth study of its modifications, determining key development trends and characteristics, and facilitates the systematization of knowledge for a deeper understanding of the essence of sports and recreational tourism. Health and sports activities are one of the most accessible and widespread forms of recreation. Its role will continue to grow, considering the objectively determined decrease in physical mobility and activity among people due to the nature of the development of modern society. Sports tourism is a component of modern tourism, the most active and dynamic part of tourist activity based on communal principles. Sports tourism is also a type of sport that includes various active tourist activities, sports hikes of all difficulty levels, championships, and competitions in all types of sports tourism (hiking, skiing, mountain, water, cycling, motorcycle, car, spelunking, and sailing), complex events, and expeditions. This type of tourism not only offers the opportunity to travel but also involves engaging in sports, preserving and improving health while deriving pleasure from active recreation. One of the key characteristics of sports and recreational tourism is the variety of activities that can be involved in this type of travel. This may include cycling tourism, hiking, water sports, mountaineering, skiing resorts, kayaking or canoeing, snowboarding, and many other activities. This variety provides the opportunity to choose sports activities according to physical abilities and personal preferences. The second key component of sports and recreational tourism is its promotion of a healthy lifestyle. The activities offered by this type of tourism contribute to physical fitness improvement, health preservation, and overall well-being. It allows people not only to relax but also to maintain and improve their health, deriving satisfaction from activity and new travel experiences. Moreover, sports and recreational tourism contribute to understanding among people and create a favourable atmosphere for interaction and joint activities. Travellers who choose this type of journey often travel in groups, where they interact, support each other, and collectively achieve sports goals. This also contributes to the formation of new friendships and team relationships. With the development of infrastructure, sports and recreational tourism become more accessible and popular for the public. This type of travel offers the opportunity to combine the pleasure of relaxation and activity, preserving and improving health, and provides unforgettable travel experiences. Key words: tourism, sports and recreational tourism, sports tourism, functions of sports and recreational tourism, types of sports and recreational tourism.

Analisis Pengelolaan Water Sports Event Sebagai Destinasi Wisata Olahraga di Danau Ranau Kab. Oku Selatan Prov. Sumatera Selatan

Analysis of the Management of Water Sports Events as a Sports Tourism Destination in Lake Rana, South Oku Regency, South Sumatra Province. The focus of research is to discuss the formulation of the problem and the purpose of this study are: a) To study and analyze how to plan the implementation process and evaluation of the implementation of water sports events in Lake Ranau District. South OKU, South Sumatra Province. b) To study and analyze how the implementation of water sports events in the District. South OKU, South Sumatra Province. c) provide an alternative strategic policy that can be done to optimize the planning process to the implementation of water sports events in the Regency. South OKU, South Sumatra Province. With data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The data analysis model used is the SWOT analysis method (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats). This study population transferred 30 people consisting of the community and the organization in the Lake Ranau area. This research is expected to offer alternative strategies for optimizing, planning and implementing water sports events.

Effect of different exercises on sleep quality in elderly women: a systematic review

Abstract Sleep disorder is a common problem in elderly women, which can cause problems and acute complications on society and the healthcare system, including reducing the quality of life. Exercise is a simple, low-cost, and effective way to improve sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to critically review the available literature on different types of physical activity that affect the sleep quality of elderly women to determine which type of physical activity can improve their sleep quality. A systematic search adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and randomised controlled trial (RCT) studies that met the inclusion criteria was conducted in the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from January 1, 2020, to March 18, 2024. One hundred and thirty-nine articles were retrieved, of which 13 randomised controlled trial studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings of these studies showed that performing various exercises, including water sports, resistance, aerobics, Tai Chi, Qigong, and Baduanjin exercises across varying intensities from low to high, can improve the quality of sleep of elderly women. Research indicates that diverse exercise programs tailored for elderly women can effectively enhance sleep quality and its associated aspects.

An Inclusive Park Design Based on a Research Process: A Case Study of Thammasat Water Sport Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand

Public parks are vital for community well-being, yet often fail to cater to the needs of people with disabilities, restricting their safe and independent use. This paper details a pragmatic study aimed at crafting the design for an inclusive park on the outskirts of Bangkok, addressing these limitations. Through a comprehensive mixed-methods approach—encompassing literature reviews, semi-structured interviews, and surveys with stakeholders, including individuals with disabilities—this research gathered diverse perspectives on inclusive design. Participants underscored the importance of social and recreational activities in universally accessible spaces, providing valuable spatial insights. This research aims to employ pragmatic research methods to develop the design of an inclusive park for people with disabilities at the Thammasat University Rangsit Campus Water Sport Center. This study seeks to integrate the perspectives and needs of people with disabilities into the park design, ensuring that the space is accessible and meets a wide range of needs. The research aims to bridge socio-environmental considerations with practical design applications, creating a model that can serve as a template for similar developments in other urban settings. This study’s findings informed the creation of a design that harmoniously integrates green spaces with the specific requirements of disabled users, promoting inclusivity and accessibility within the fast-growing urban areas of Southeast Asia. This research not only offers a template for addressing the gaps in public space provision for people with disabilities but also illustrates how designers can interpret and meet socio-environmental and health-related needs through inclusive planning. It extends the discussion on overcoming WHO-identified inequalities in urban settings and lays the groundwork for interdisciplinary studies aimed at enriching the fabric of urban life through research processes and scientific inquiry. This paper asserts the pivotal role of inclusive design in enhancing urban livability, advocating for a design methodology that responds to the nuanced demands of inclusivity, thereby contributing to the broader discourse on equality, accessibility, and the right to the city for people with disabilities.

The Impact of Pre-Exercise Hydration Strategies on Athletic Performance and Recovery in High-Intensity Training

Hydration plays a pivotal role in maintaining athletic performance and facilitating recovery, especially during high-intensity training (HIT). This study investigates the impact of different pre-exercise hydration strategies—water, electrolyte solutions, and carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drinks—on performance metrics and recovery outcomes in HIT. Sixty athletes (30 males and 30 females, aged 18-35) participated in a randomized controlled trial. Performance metrics, including time to exhaustion and power output, were measured at baseline and post-training. Recovery outcomes, such as muscle soreness and fatigue levels, were assessed 24 hours post-exercise. The results indicated that participants who consumed carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drinks demonstrated significantly better performance and recovery outcomes compared to those who consumed water or electrolyte solutions alone. Specifically, the sports drink group showed the greatest improvements in time to exhaustion and power output, as well as the lowest muscle soreness and fatigue scores. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating carbohydrates and electrolytes in pre-exercise hydration strategies to enhance athletic performance and expedite recovery. The study provides practical recommendations for athletes and coaches to optimize hydration practices, supporting better training outcomes and overall performance.

The body mapping of musculoskeletal complaints for surfers

Background: Surfing is an extreme water sport that consists of various movements, including paddling, popping-up, and wave riding, and has a risk of musculoskeletal complaints. This study aimed to determine the description of musculoskeletal complaints in surfers. Methods: The study used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. This study was conducted from February to May 2023 at the halfway club in Kuta Beach, Sanur Beach, and Canggu Beach using the total sampling technique with a total available population of 60 surfers. We included the sample with inclusion criteria and excluded the sample with exclusion criteria. Fifty-one surfers were eligible for the study. Data collection was carried out by interviews using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. Results: Based on the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, musculoskeletal complaints in surfing players in Bali were a score of 2 (somewhat painful); most of them experienced complaints in the right knee (45.10%) and upper neck (39.22%). The risk level for musculoskeletal complaints in surfers in Bali was 46 people (90.2%) with a low-risk level and five people (9.8%) with a moderate risk level. Conclusion: The most musculoskeletal complaints in surfers in Bali are in the right knee, upper neck, right shoulder, left shoulder, waist, and ankle areas. The risk level for musculoskeletal complaints among surfers in Bali was mainly low, and some had a moderate risk level.

The relationship between leg muscle strength and static balance in surfers

Background: Surfing is a type of water sport that involves playing on the waves by using a surfboard to maneuver on the waves. It requires good static balance and good leg muscle strength. Methods: The method used in the analytical cross-sectional study design. This research was conducted on February 25, 2023. The inclusion criteria for male surfers aged 18-25 years have ever surfed (nor in the training or learning process). According to the screening assessment, the exclusion criteria included individuals who have experienced a lower extremity injury in the last 3 months (except lacerations or injuries with open wounds). The sampling technique used was a nonprobability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. The number of samples obtained in this research was 46 samples. Results: Data collection was carried out by measuring leg muscle strength and static balance. Leg muscle strength was measured with a leg dynamometer while static balance was measured with the Stork Standing Test. Based on the non-parametric Spearman rho analysis test, the value of p = 0.000 (p &lt; 0.05) and the correlation coefficient r = 0.954. Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there was a significant relationship between leg muscle strength and static balance in surfers.

Association between eHealth literacy and health outcomes in German athletes using the GR-eHEALS questionnaire: a validation and outcome study

BackgroundAthletes face various sports-related stressors, which may increase their risk for physical and mental health symptoms. With the internet as an important source of (health) information, it is important for athletes to have eHealth literacy, i.e. the ability to access, understand and use electronic health information and services. However, it is presently uncertain whether eHealth literacy of athletes is linked to better health outcomes such as reduced injury frequency and behaviours like decreased substance abuse.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with N = 373 German athletes (229 females) from different types of sport (e.g., ball sports and water sports) who were included in the statistical analyses. The survey included medical, socio-demographic, eHealth- and sports-related data as well as the eHealth Literacy Scale (GR-eHEALS) questionnaire, which measures eHealth literacy. Confirmatory factor analyses and correlational analyses were performed to determine the convergent and discriminant (compared to the 8-item Impulsive Behavior–8 Scale) validity of the GR-eHEALS and to assess the relation between eHealth literacy scores and health outcomes.ResultsThe more frequently athletes had sustained minor or moderate injuries in the past, the higher the level of eHealth literacy they reported. Furthermore, consumption frequency of painkillers (r = .18, p = .002), sedatives (r = .12, p = .040), and cannabis (r = .29, p = .000) was significantly correlated with eHealth literacy scores. The confirmatory factor analysis of the GR-eHEALS showed an acceptable model fit with a 2-factor solution (information seeking and information appraisal). The GR-eHEALS showed good discriminant (r = − .09, p = .21) and convergent validity (digital confidence; r = .28, p < .001).ConclusionThe GR-eHEALS is a valid instrument to assess eHealth literacy within the cohort of German athletes. Potential dangers of dealing with injury and psychological strain without reaching out for professional help should be considered.

On wave-driven propulsion

A theory is presented for wave-driven propulsion of floating bodies driven into oscillation at the fluid interface. By coupling the equations of motion of the body to a quasipotential flow model of the fluid, we derive expressions for the drift speed and propulsive thrust of the body which in turn are shown to be consistent with global momentum conservation. We explore the efficacy of our model in describing the motion of SurferBot (Rhee et al., Bioinspir. Biomim., vol. 17, issue 5, 2022), demonstrating close agreement with the experimentally determined drift speed and oscillatory dynamics. The efficiency of wave-driven propulsion is then computed as a function of driving oscillation frequency and the forcing location, revealing optimal values for both of these parameters which await confirmation in experiments. A comparison with other modes of locomotion and applications of our model with competitive water sports is discussed in conclusion.