Water Pump Machine Research Articles

Development of atmega328 microcontroller based hydroponic plant watering automation tools

The development of electronic technology in the era of globalization is very rapid. Utilization of this technology as a means to monitor soil conditions for agriculture, especially hydroponic plantations which are currently developing, to obtain optimal results it is necessary to monitor humidity and temperature conditions. This research will create a system that can maintain humidity and air temperature according to what plants need. The tools made consist of a temperature sensor, humidity sensor, ATMega328 microcontroller, ADC and water pump. Temperature and humidity sensors function to detect air temperature and humidity. The ADC functions to convert the voltage measurement results from temperature and humidity measurements into digital quantities which are then forwarded to the ATMega328 microcontroller to be processed into a digital display on the LCD. The ATMega328 microcontroller also regulates the ON and OFF of the water pump machine.

Development of a solar energy-powered surface water pump

Availability in energy and water sustainability are mounting concerns in several parts of the world where connection to the electric utility is not obtainable or irregular. There is a need to develop an alternative source of energy for pumping water. This research developed a solar energy powered 1.5 horsepower surface water pump. It comprises of the following major components: charge controller, 24 Volts DC battery, 3KVA inverter, solar panel and 1119W surface water pumping machine. The components were designed and assembled according to functions. Solar energy is used to charge the battery through solar controller. The solar charge controller used in this research was designed in such a way that it regulates the quantity of electrical energy that is stored in the battery which prevents overcharging, thereby ensuring no reduction in life span of the battery. The inverter was designed in such a way that when there is no alternative power supply from the electricity distribution company, that is, power holding company of Nigeria (PHCN), it can make use of the energy stored in the battery to power the single phase motor used to pump water into a tank. Similarly, when there is power supply from PHCN, it has an inbuilt change over switch (relay) to connect it’s output of 220 volts AC supply from PHCN used to charge a battery through a charge controller. Experiments were setup to analyze varying loads on the inverter. Average time obtained for varying loads of 0, 120, 500, 1000, 1300w are 200, 23, 9.8, 4.3 and 2.9hr. Comparisons were also made between locally built and imported inverters. It can be concluded from the results obtained that the design can best be put in use to obtain maximum efficiency of 88.2% at a load in the range of 1000–1300 watts.

THREE PHASE MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM WATER PUMP ENGINE IN ICE CUBE FACTORY USING MODULE PLC OMRON TYPE CP1E

This study discusses how to design a programmable logic controller (PLC) simulator trainer that can work and simplify human work and fast production. The 3-phase motor control of the water pump machine in the block ice cube is used with the CP1E-N20DR-D Omron PLC with a ladder diagram program designed with the Cx-Programmer computer application, as well as the design of communication media between the machine and the operator using the Cx-Designer software. As for the input / output used, the input is in the form of a level sensor module, the level sensor functions as a liquid barrier 1 and 2. The output is in the form of water pumps 1 and 2, the AC motor functions as filling and forming block ice and moving the ice cubes. Based on the research results, the Trainer Module for this ice block molding simulator is composed of several components that describe the process of making ice cubes by using the appropriate input / output and can work in accordance with the prearranged job descriptions.

Perancangan Pemanfaatan Pompa Air Tenaga Surya Untuk Sumber Air Bersih Desa Sukarame, Kec. Sajira, Banten

Water requirements for the people in sukarame village, Sajira, for daily needs in the dry season tend to increase, They always experience drought for 6-9 months annually. The people independently built water reservoirs from mountain water sources. Water is pumped using a water pumping machine and accommodated in reservoirs, then distributed to local residents through pipes with minimum distribution distance is 1 km from the reservoir. Because the distance between water sources and the people complaining about clean water does not reach their homes. This problem can be done by building a ground well located not far from the house of the community, so that the distance between the source of clean water and the house of the community is not too far, water from the water source will be accommodated in reservoirs by sucking ground water using a solar water pump so residents are not burdened with electricity fees to suck ground well water into clean air tendons. This design is expected to provide a solution for clean water sources for volunteers in the village of Sajira.

Perancangan Pemanfaatan Tenaga Surya untuk Penyaluran Air Bersih Bagi Pesantren Attuma’ninah Kab. Lebak, Banten

Clean water is one of the most vital human needs. Indonesia, which the largest part of its territory is water, in fact is still experiencing difficulties to meet the clean water needs of its population. Based on the data from the Central Statistics Agency in 2018, the percentage of households with clean drinking water sources is 72.99%. Sajira Subdistrict in Lebak, Banten is one that is affected by severe drought. They always experience drought for 6-9 months annually. The people independently built water reservoirs from mountain water sources. Water is pumped using a water pumping machine and accommodated in reservoirs, then distributed to local residents through pipes with minimum distribution distance is 1 km from the reservoir. Due to long distance of the water distribution,many houses can’t be reached by the water. It can be solved by adding a water pump in the reservoir. So the clean water distribution, which is initially only relies on pipes and gravity, can be maximized by the thrust of the water pump. Beside the water pump, the solar panel is also added to the system as a power supply. Thus, the residents don't need to pay for electricity bill to run the pumping system.

The Estimation of Economic Appearance and Profitability Function of Drip Irrigation in Tidal Lands (a Case of Chili Farming)

The purpose of this research are (1) to determine economic appearance and (2) to estimate the profit function of the application of drip irrigation technology for chili farming in tidal lands. This research used survey method at Budi Mulya Village Air Kumbang Sub-district Banyuasin Regency. Collecting data was held on March and April of 2018. Sampling method was proportionate stratified random. Watering and fertilization of chili farming with utilizing drip irrigation technology was done by using water pump machine. Drip irrigation affected positive impact for increasing of chili farming profit. Drip irrigation technology in chili farming is more efficient than chili farming without drip irrigation technology. Economic of scales of drip irrigation technology in chili farming is 2.547, that means in increasing returns to scale condition. Farmers need government policy in applying this technology like a subsidy or loan from government.

Hybrid microgrid for microfinance institutions in rural areas – A field demonstration in West Africa

We present a hybrid energy microgrid optimization model for a microbank in a remote rural residential area. The model is based on the use of renewable (wind turbines & solar photovoltaic (PV)) and conventional (gasoline generators) energy sources and battery storage systems. We conducted a detailed assessment of a typical microbank’s load, residential loads and energy resources in a village called Ajasse-Ipo in Kwara State, Nigeria. We performed the modeling of a hybrid microgrid system, followed by an economic analysis and sensitivity analysis to optimize the hybrid system design. We performed simulations based on the energy resources available (solar PV, wind, gasoline generator & battery energy storage system) to satisfy the energy demands of the microbank, while the excess energy was supplied to meet the demand of the community loads, i.e. water pumping machine and rural home lighting. The results obtained showed that the hybrid system comprising the solar PV/battery/diesel was most techno-economically viable with a Net Present Cost (NPC) and Cost of Energy (COE) of $468,914 and 0.667$/kWh, respectively. Comparing these results with those obtained using analytical methods, the solar PV, battery and converter sizes obtained were slightly higher than the optimal system configurations as produced by HOMER. The proposed hybrid energy system also allowed to achieve almost 50% reductions in CO2, CO, unburned hydrocarbons, particulate matter, SO2 & NO2. The system can be applicable for other rural regions in the developing countries with similar environmental conditions.

Modification of ledeburite microstructure on impeller blades by mean of heat treatment

Water pump machine impeller is made of gray cast iron with some variation of wall thickness. The thin part undergoes consequently a very rapid cooling and promotes the formation of hard ledeburite, This study removes the already formed ledeburite ((α + Fe3C) + Fe3C) by mean of heat treatment. By calculating the mass fraction of iron carbide at the level of 5%, heating the material at the austenite temperature, holding it for 2 hours and cooling it subsequently in the air, ledeburite changes to ferrite and graphite. Graphite is formed discrete along the grain boundaries of previous pearlite after the completion of heat treatment. The graphite resembles a randomly oriented eutectic undercooling type D and this is associated with a decrease of hardness to 115HV at the tip of the impeller blade.

Evaluasi Kompleksitas dan Aksesibilitas Produk Untuk Kemudahan Proses Pembongkaran

Water pump machines are electronic products that are widely used by the community. Because of the high frequency of use, this product is quickly damaged. In order to reduce the environmental impact, the ease of the product to be repaired or recycled needs to be improved, especially the dismantling process because it is the initial process to separate components. This study aims to evaluate the ease of dismantling a water pump machine based on the ease of component to be reached and the complexity of the component and product design. Evaluation begins by identifying the initial product design and the relationships between components needed to determine the order of possible product demolition and as an attribute of calculating complexity and accessibility indexes. The calculation results show that the complexity and accessibility idex values for each component are the same in all disassembly sequences because the product design does not allow for sub-assembly. The most complex components are mechanical seal, water reservoirs and lids beside the pump body. While the components that are most difficult to access are impellers, mechanical seals and rator covers.

Control and Notification Automatic Water Pump with Arduino and SMS Gateway

This paper aims to facilitate the owner to control water pump machine from the vacuum, and the condition of the water is it full or not in house or apartment. The current control system still has many limitations in controlling the water pump machine at home or apartment. The water machine control system was designed with device that has a smart surveillance system that can be accessed with Android smartphone and all information from or to machine control system will command by using SMS, this device create a development of Arduino UNO microcontroller technology that allows the reading of the GSM Module and connected with SMS Gateway. Experiment results facilitate real-time water control and much easy for the owner to control water tank.

Online Vibration Monitoring of a Water Pump Machine to Detect Its Malfunction Components Based on Artificial Neural Network

Vibration monitoring is a measurement instrument used to identify, predict, and prevent failures in machine instruments[6]. This is very needed in the industrial applications, cause any problem with the equipment or plant translates into economical loss and they are mostly monitored component off-line[2]. In this research, a system has been developed to detect the malfunction of the components of Shimizu PS-128BT water pump machine, such as capacitor, bearing and impeller by online measurements. The malfunction components are detected by taking vibration data using a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)-based accelerometer that are acquired by using Raspberry Pi microcomputer and then the data are converted into the form of Relative Power Ratio(RPR). In this form the signal acquired from different components conditions have different patterns. The collected RPR used as the base of classification process for recognizing the damage components of the water pump that are conducted by Artificial Neural Network(ANN). Finally, the damage test result will be sent via text message using GSM module that are connected to Raspberry Pi microcomputer. The results, with several measurement readings, with each reading in 10 minutes duration for each different component conditions, all cases yield 100% of accuracies while in the case of defective capacitor yields 90% of accuracy.

The study of the application of crystalline silicone solar cell type for a temporary flood camp

During flood period, most of temporary evacuation shelters in Jakarta are lack in electricity because the local electricity company turned the electricity off to avoid any electrical problem because of the high water level over the flooded area. Whereas, the local electricity or the grid is the main energy source for the lighting and water pump machine, therefore the energy source becomes a significant issue during this period. Currently, the local government has already provided diesel generators to substitute the local grid when it is off, however, the amount of the generators is still limited. This study, therefore, investigated an alternative energy for the electricity, particularly solar energy and this paper presents an analysis of the Jakarta duration of sunshine during rainy seasons in order to investigate which Crystalline Silicone solar cell type that can be implemented optimally for energy supply in the period of flood evacuation as well as for the shelter. A deep analysis on literature review was conducted on the three types of Crystalline Silicone solar cell, Jakarta local weather. Furthermore, the standard of International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) was also studied for the shelter design. The results of this study could be used as a reference for the local authority in providing the substitute energy supply in the temporary evacuation area during flood period in which the solar energy source could be also attached on the shelter.

KAJIAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN KELOMPOK TANI SEBAGAI UNIT USAHA/BISNIS

In Indonesia, the activity of agricultural development is very much emphasized through the effort of human resources (HR) empowerment, in which this effort is done through agricultural extension including farmer group approach. In 1993, Martaatmadja (1993) recorded that there were 250,000 farmer groups in Indonesia, but the only active ones were 20 percent of them. In 2000, in Gunungkidul Regency , it was recorded that there were 1446 farmer groups, in which the active ones are for instance the main class as calculated to be about 10.46 percent . Active farmer groups which were able success in the activity of business unit less than 10 percent.This research is meant to study the factors influencing the successs of farmer groups as business unit. The research was done in Gunungkidul Regency by using the method of survey, with groups as its unit of analysis, and there were 90 farmer groups as sample taken by the method of Stratified Random Sampling. Each group was represented by 5 members taken randomly as group representatives, including 1 member of the board (no the chairman), 2 developed/ active farmers, and 2 regular/ less active farmers. The resulting data of the research were analysed using multiple regression, using computer program of SPSS. Then, analysis was developed through path analysis, using computer program ofAmos.The result of this research shows that factors influencing the success farmer groups as business unit were: self efficacy ofmembers of groups, interaction among members, and leadership style of chairman of groups.The success of groups as business units generally evidenced in middle and main class offarmer groups, with the conduct of certain activities: agricultural equipment rental (sprayer, diesel water pump machine, etc), stalls owned by group, cooperatives owned by groups, livestock/ fisheries owned by groups, partnership with companies, etc.

FOUNDATION MODELLING FOR COOLING WATER PUMP MACHINE IN PT PUPUK SRIWIJAYA (PURSI) II-B PROJECTS

PT Pupuk Sriwijaya (PUSRI) in Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia uses a lot of machines to run the fabric. One of the project is PUSRI II-B, which use cooling water pump machine. The machine will not operate properly if it does not use the appropriate foundation to support static and dynamic loads. The Terzaghi and Meyerhof methods were used in static analysis to measure the settlement in the pile group and soil bearing capacity. The frequency, damping, and vibration amplitude of the vibration that occur in a vertical and horizontal vibration, and the vibration rocking were calculated by using the trial error method for dynamic analysis. Modelling frame foundation machine is the main focus in this research. The result shows that the most effective foundation dimension for cooling water pump machine is frame foundation type with the pile cap dimensions of 9.8 m x 4 m x 1.5 m; column of 0.5 m x 0.5 m x 1 m and slab of 9.8 m x 4 m x 0.3 m, and using the piles with a diameter of 0.35 m, length of 21 m and the spacing between the piles is about 2.45 m. The gravel was compacted to the same level where the pile cap was planned in order to increase the soil shear modulus.

MICROCONTROLLER BASED AUTOMATIC CONTROL FOR WATER PUMPING MACHINE WITH WATER LEVEL INDICATORS USING ULTRASONIC SENSOR

Water scarcity is one of the major problems facing some cities of the world and wastage during transmission has been identified as a major problem. In this paper a Microcontroller Based Automatic Control for Water Pumping Machine and Level Indicator (MBACWPMLI) has been designed, constructed and tested. The MBACWPML I uses the reflection of sound (echo) to give the indication of water level in a storage tank and also the automatic control of the water pumping machine. The MBACWPMLI uses ultrasonic sensor installed at the top of a tank to send and receive sound waves, and the time taken is converted to distance by the microcontroller to give corresponding digital outputs which turns ON LEDs that indicate the level of water in the storage tank. The microcontroller also gives digital output to turn ON the water pump (when the water in the tank is at a preset minimum level of 0.27 metres) or turn OFF the water pump (when the water goes above the chosen maximum level of 0.05 metres). The MBACWPMLI when tested turned ON or OFF the water pump at the preset minimum and maximum level and the required LEDs were also turned ON at the corresponding water level. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v35i3.16

Acoustic comfort in living environment

As population of aging people growing fast, the need of long-term care facility is also increased. In the living environment of elder people, acoustic comfort has the same importance as thermal comfort and visual comfort. This research is to study the preference of acoustic comfort through the listening evaluation with normal hearing people. The listening evaluation is based on 20 live recorded sound samples from two Taiwanese long term care facilities and a university dormitory. The listening evaluation was participated by 66 architecture students. A semantic differential scale questionnaire with 11 pairs of sound qualities for each sound sample were used. The results shown that normal hearing people have negative impression for the current acoustic comfort condition of these Taiwanese long term care facilities. All of the respondents gave negative impression to water pump machine sound due to the “noisy” and “harsh” sound qualities. A live percussive music rehearsed event was associated with “noisy” and “agitating” impression by 97% of the respondents. Speech, TV, telephone ringing, snoring, and footsteps were also identified as discomfort sound quality. Bird chirping and quite dormitory room were recognized by 91% of the respondents as the most comfortable sound with the “natural” and “quiet” impression.

Thermal Analysis of Multibarrier Interior PM Synchronous Machine Using Lumped Parameter Model

This paper presents a lumped-parameter thermal model for a multi-barrier interior PM synchronous machine. The model consists of a network of 12 thermal resistances that make it possible to estimate temperatures at 9 critical points inside the machine including the stator end windings, rotor magnets, and the bearings. The details of the model are presented and two machines are analyzed, including a 6 kW 12-pole automotive starter/alternator and a 0.5 kW 4-pole electric water pump machine. The lumped-parameter model results for both machines demonstrate good agreement with results obtained using detailed thermal finite element analysis.