Construction Of Water Conservancy Projects Research Articles

Framework for comprehensive assessment of ecological water conveyance based on long-term evolution forecast of riparian forests in arid floodplains: synergistic consideration of flood inundation and groundwater

Ecological water conveyance (EWC) is a crucial measure to address ecological degradation in arid regions. To scientifically formulate ecological water conveyance pattern (WCP), and provide a basis for ecological flow management of reservoirs, this study proposes a framework to assess the effect of EWC, and applied it to the Irtysh River basin as a case study. Following the framework, we first developed a calculation method to assess the evolution of the reproduction and growth of riparian forests caused by hydrological variations. Additionally, simulations of surface water and groundwater conditions under different scenarios of water resources development were conducted based on hydrodynamic and groundwater models. The study further predicted the long-term evolution of riparian forest reproduction and growth based on the simulation results. The results indicated that when EWC was not carried out (reservoirs operating according to the designed rules), after 30 years, floodplain flood (FF) inundation area decreased by 47%, duration shortened by 73%, and groundwater levels in 80% of the region declined by 1.5–2 m, causing severe and moderate impacts on the reproduction and growth of riparian forests, respectively. Alternatively, adopting EWC (reservoirs operating according to ecological rules) led to a 24% decrease in FF inundation area, a 63% reduction in its duration, and a groundwater level decline of 0.5–1 m in 87% of the region, and these changes caused severe impacts on riparian forest reproduction, while growth remained unaffected. These findings indicate that the current EWC effectively safeguards the growth of riparian forests but fall short of mitigating the impacts of water conservancy project construction and operation on the reproduction of riparian forests. Given the current trajectory, riparian forests are anticipated to undergo a gradual decline. Consequently, a sustainable EWC should ensure that the water volume discharged into the region exceeds 53% of the natural inflow and urgently requires measures to extend the duration of FF inundation. This study can provide new insights for the early evaluation, comparison and optimization of various WCPs before their implementation.

Spatio-temporal pattern and prediction of agricultural blue and green water footprint scarcity index in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin

Agricultural production is the largest water-using sector in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin (YRB). However, water shortages seriously restrict the high-quality development of the local economy and society. This study assessed the temporal and spatial patterns of the agricultural blue (WFblue) and green (WFgreen) water footprints of six crops in the lower reaches of the YRB based on Penman-Monteith method, established composite agriculture water (AWS), agricultural blue water (AWSblue), and agricultural green water (AWSgreen) footprint scarcity indexes to evaluate the agricultural security level of blue and green water resources in the lower reaches of the YRB. And the Spatial pattern of blue and green water footprint scarcity indexes for 2030 was predicted. The results showed that in 2020, the total WFgreen of six crops in the lower reaches of the YRB was 58.45 billion m³, of which the WFgreen of maize accounted for 47.53%, followed by winter wheat (32.01%). The total agricultural blue water footprint (WFblue) of six crops was 46.12 billion m³, and the winter wheat had the highest WFblue (32.00 billion m³) and accounted for 69.39%, followed by maize (8.19 billion m³, 17.76%). The total blue water evapotranspiration (ETblue) of crops in the northwestern lower reaches of the YRB was generally higher than that in the southeastern region. However, the ETgreen spatial layout showed the opposite trend. From 2010 to 2020, the WS decreased overall, and the proportion of regions with a WS greater than 1 decreased from 73.5% in 2010 to 61.76% in 2020. By 2030, AWS in the lower reaches of the YRB will further intensify. Compared to 2020, in 76.47% of cities the AWS showed an increasing trend, 58.82% of cities will be in extreme insecurity, and the proportion of areas with the AWSblue in an insecure state will be 35.29%, green water resources are relatively abundant and will be in a safe and relatively safe state in 2030. Although the AWSgreen of 91.18% of cities in 2030 showed an increasing trend compared to that in 2020. AWSgreen showed that the lower reaches of the YRB are still in a safe and relatively safe state. However, rational development and utilization of surface water and groundwater resources should be strengthened. To ensure the rational supply and sustainable use of blue water resources, the lower reaches of the YRB should strengthen the construction of water conservancy projects through water diversion, transfer, and storage.

Discussion on ecological restoration strategy of water conservancy project -- A case study of Shirase Reservoir in Quanzhou City

Because of the water conservancy project construction to the environment has brought a lot of damage, the state for environmental pollution and damage problems began to carry out a comprehensive restoration, for the relevant environmental protection and restoration policies are also improving, with the implementation of relevant measures, ecological water conservancy projects will play a vital role in environmental governance. In order to put forward suggestions for ecological restoration of white rose reservoir, this paper puts forward suggestions for ecological restoration from the geographical location of the water conservancy project, the measures in the construction process and the operational measures after completion, so as to restore the ecological role played by the ecological area before the completion of the water conservancy project and reduce the secondary pollution and damage to the environment in the operation process after it. This paper discusses the importance of ecological water conservancy project in environmental governance, and takes Shirase reservoir as an example, puts forward the ecological restoration suggestions for the water conservancy project. In order to restore the ecological function of the area before the water conservancy project and reduce the secondary pollution and damage in the operation process, it is suggested to improve the area from three aspects: geographical location, construction process and operation measures after completion. Through the implementation of ecological restoration measures, it will help to realize the harmonious symbiosis between man and nature.

Influence of Early Freezing on the Pore Structure Characteristics of Concrete and Its Correlation with Mechanical Properties

Early freezing of concrete is common in the construction of water conservancy projects in northern China. Early freezing damage induces the deterioration of the mechanical properties of concrete structures, which seriously affects the safety, stability, and service life of engineering structures. Through a laboratory uniaxial compression test and a computed tomography (CT) test, the influence law of freezing time and freezing temperature on the mechanical properties of concrete is analyzed herein. The three-dimensional pore structure of concrete at different freezing times is reconstructed. The pore distribution and pore structure characteristic parameters of concrete at different freezing times are studied. The correlation between mechanical properties and the pore structure of early frozen concrete is determined. The results show that with the delay of freezing time, the porosity of concrete test blocks increases first and then decreases. The average pore surface area primarily decreases and then increases. The average pore diameter increases with the trend of a quadratic parabola. The average pore form factor primarily decreases, then increases, and then decreases. The average pore surface area has the best correlation with the compressive strength and elastic modulus of early frozen concrete. The outcomes suggest that the average pore surface area should be preferred when constructing the mesoscopic damage index of early frozen concrete. Relevant results provide support for revealing the macro and micro damage mechanisms of early frozen concrete.

The Source, Distribution, and Environmental Effects of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Yangtze River System

Suspended particulate matter (SPM) plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles in the aquatic environment because of its ubiquitous presence, mobility, and physicochemical properties. This work gathered and summarized the published information about SPM in the Yangtze River system, including source, distribution, and environmental effects. Results indicated that the SPM concentration was high in the flood period and low in the dry period. Compared to midstream and downstream, the SPM concentration was the lowest in the upstream of the Yangtze River system. Furthermore, the level of SPM concentration was influenced by human activities, such as shipping, dredging, construction of water conservancy projects, and industrial/agricultural emissions, as well as natural conditions, such as wind, rainfall, and phytoplankton. Moreover, SPM would impact the element cycle in the water environment, including N, P, heavy metal, and persistent organic pollutants. In addition, SPM adsorbed these elemental ions or particles in water on its surface. Still, this adsorption was usually unstable, and when the properties of SPM itself or external environmental conditions changed, these elements would be released into the surrounding water body. With the flow of SPM in the water, these elements migrated upstream and downstream with the river. Thus, this work reveals the current status of SPM in the Yangtze River system, which provides an essential reference for further research on SPM in the water system.

Analysis on the Development History and Trend of China's Water related Standards

The water related standardization system aims to meet the coordinated development and safety demands of hydrology, water conservancy, and water resources, and serves as the main support for the high-quality development of hydrology and water resources. By 2022, the national standard information public service platform. has disclosed more than 4000 water related standards, covering the topics of water resources management, water conservancy project construction, operation management, water and soil conservation, rural water conservancy and hydropower, reservoirs and water conservancy and hydropower project resettlement, flood and drought disaster prevention, hydrology, water transfer management, water conservancy informatization and other water-related standards. Based on the methodology of mathematical statistics, word frequency and co-word analysis, this article systematically sorts out China's water related standardization system, as well as the emphasis and development process of the standard work. Additionally, we summarise the problems and explore the development of countermeasures in the formulation and revision of water related standards through comparative analysis. The study shows that there are some problems in China’s water related standards, including imbalanced fields, relatively lagging system transformation, weak institutions, shortage of funds, lengthy approval, and incomplete implementation and enforcement of the problems. In order to comprehensively enhance the normative guidance ability of water related standards in main areas such as water resource protection, water environment management, and water ecological management in river basins and regions, future water related standards should continuously promote the construction of water related standards databases, strengthen the coordination in the research and development and compilation of water related standards in various fields, promote the communication and collaboration of water related standardization organizations, and talent cultivation, and accelerate the establishment of a comprehensive technical standard system and international transformation ability, so as to provide reference for the improvement of the water related standards in China.

Assessing the Influence of Water Conservancy Projects on China’s Reserve Resources for Cultivated Land

The development of reserve resources of cultivated land (RRCL) is a vital way of supplementing cultivated land in the northern arid and semi-arid regions of China. This study developed a suitability evaluation system for reserve resources of cultivated land from the nature–function–environment perspective. The evaluation considered the construction of water conservancy projects, establishing two scenarios of rain-fed and irrigated agriculture. The evaluation results for unused land were divided into four levels, including highly suitable, relatively suitable, moderately suitable and unsuitable, using the three-dimensional Rubik’s cube spatial classification method. The results show that: (1) Under the rain-fed agriculture scenario, the developable quantity and quality of unused land were poor. The potential area of reserve resources of cultivated land only accounted for 5% of the total area. (2) Under the irrigated agriculture scenario, the potential area of reserve resources of cultivated land increased to 21% of the total unused land. The areas were mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Gansu. The research considered the impact of water conservancy projects on the development and utilization of reserve resources of cultivated land. It can provide references for the development of arable land resources and territorial spatial planning in China.

Variation characteristics of hydrological response to water conservancy construction in the Qinhe River Basin of the Loess Plateau, China

AbstractInvestigating the response characteristics of various hydrological factors to water conservancy projects area in basin and evaluating their impact on the ecological environment are crucial for ecological protection and restoration on the Loess Plateau, China, with a complex environment. In this study, we employed a geomorphology‐based hydrological model to simulate the hydrological elements of the Qinhe River Basin on the Loess Plateau. We explored the response characteristics of the water cycle and hydrological processes to the construction of reservoirs in the basin. Additionally, we also examined multiyear changes in peak flood volume and sediment discharge during flood seasons influenced by reservoirs. The sub‐basins hosting reservoirs initialled an increase in evaporation, followed by a decrease. During the change periods, both runoff and soil water decreased, but remained higher than the mean values for the basin during the same period. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of sub‐basins associated with five reservoirs was obviously higher than the mean value for the basin during the same period. The peak flood volume and sediment discharge in the basin were characterized by decreasing trends, with the latter showing weak sustainability. The value of each index for a sub‐basin associated with a reservoir was higher than the average value for the basin. The construction and operation of reservoirs had a positive impact on the ecology of the basin. Water and soil conservation measures, including sediment regulation and storage using reservoirs, effectively decreased water hazard and soil erosion in the basin. This study provides a scientific basis for the construction of water conservancy projects and ecological governance in the basin.

Research on the application of BIM-based green construction management in the whole life cycle of hydraulic engineering

Abstract Taking the construction management of green water conservancy projects combined with BIM as the research background, we analyzed the application of BIM technology in green construction management. The results also showed that the overall trend of green construction management research is on the rise, the research on green construction management at home and abroad is relatively close, and the research directions tend to be intelligent and informative, but there is relatively little research on water conservancy engineering. Combining the current green construction standards of water conservancy projects, the related literature, and the current situation of the application of BIM technology in water conservancy project construction management, the concept of green construction of water conservancy projects and the core requirements of BIM technology for whole-life-cycle green construction are proposed. The new green construction technology was applied in combination with BIM to form a collaborative and scaled multiparty management structure map for the whole process area, build a framework system for green construction management of water conservancy projects, and design a specific implementation process for the application of real-time green construction simulation systems in BIM.

Application of data mining technology and intelligent information technology in the construction and management of the water conservancy project in Area A

Abstract At present, the construction and management efficiency of water conservancy projects is low, hydrological prediction errors are common, and the utilization rate of water resources is low. Based on this, this paper applies data mining technology and intelligent information technology to water conservancy project management. This will help to better study the construction and management of hydraulic projects. By adopting data mining technology, valuable data in hydraulic engineering can be extracted and analyzed. Through careful analysis and evaluation of the data, we can predict the runoff of reservoir hydrology in Area A. The experimental results show that the data mining technology can be used to predict the runoff of Reservoir A from January to December 2020. In addition, using machine learning techniques to make predictions, the prediction error rate varies by 6.2%. The research shows that the use of data mining technology can improve the efficiency of water conservancy project construction and management, and improve the utilization rate of the project.

Safety Management and Quality Control in Hydraulic Engineering Construction

Water conservancy projects are important infrastructure projects related to the national economy and people's livelihood, which have great help for the development of transportation and agriculture, and can bring great economic benefits. In the construction of water conservancy projects, due to the complexity of construction technology and the difficulty of construction, it is easy to form safety hazards. In addition, due to the large scale of construction, the large number of construction units, and the complex construction methods, it will also have a negative impact on the quality control work. The importance and existing problems of safety management and quality control in water conservancy project construction are analyzed. On this basis, safety management strategies and quality control strategies are discussed respectively, with a view to providing reference for safety management and quality control in water conservancy project construction.

Research on Intelligent Grading Evaluation of Water Conservancy Project Safety Risks Based on Deep Learning

With the rise of artificial intelligence and big data technologies, it is increasingly significant to apply these emerging technologies to scientific decision-making in water conservancy project construction management in the face of many problems in the process of water conservancy project construction. Different from using traditional assessment methods for risk classification of water conservancy construction hazards, this paper integrates a priori attention and constructs a transformer risk prediction model based on a sliding window, which deeply explores the data value of water conservancy construction hazards information, further predicts the risk level of water conservancy construction hazards and realizes efficient and intelligent management of water conservancy project construction hazard identification management.

Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of surface water area in the Yellow River Basin from 1986 to 2021.

The Yellow River Basin is short of water resources. The dynamic monitoring of surface water area is helpful to clarify the distribution and change trend of water resources in this area. It is of great scientific significance to deeply understand the impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources and ensure the ecological security of the basin. Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, we analyzed the spatial variations of surface water area in the Yellow River Basin from 1986 to 2021 by using the mixed index algorithm, and revealed the driving factors of surface water area change in the Yellow River Basin. The results showed that the overall recognition accuracy of the water extraction algorithm based on mixing index was 97.5%. Compared with available water data products, the proposed algorithm can guarantee the integrity of the whole water area to a certain extent. The surface water area in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin was 71.7%, 18.4%, and 9.9% of the total surface water area, respectively. From 1986 to 2021, the surface water area of the basin showed an overall upward trend, with a total increase of 3163.6 km2. The surface water area of the upper, middle, and downstream regions increased by 72.0%, 22.4%, and 5.6%, respectively. The increase of precipitation was the main reason for the increase of water area, with a contribution of 55%. Vegetation restoration and construction of water conservancy projects had increased the water area of the basin. The intensification of human water extraction activity reduced the water area of the basin.

An improved 3D fish habitat assessment model based on the graph theory algorithm

With the economic development, social progress and the increase in power demand, the number of water conservancy projects has gradually increased. However, the reservoir dams inevitably lead to changes in the river connectivity and hydraulic characteristics of rivers, causing damage to fish habitats. Regulating the operation of dams to supplement the ecological flow required by fish is usually an effective way to protect river fish habitats. Based on the graph theory algorithm, we proposed an improved three-dimensional habitat model that comprehensively considered the quantity and quality of fish habitat and used it to the effect assessment of water conservancy project construction on fish habitat. The fish habitat quality evaluation indicators in this paper mainly emphasized the pivotal role of core habitat patches and the connectivity between habitat patches, namely, habitat importance index (HII) and habitat connectivity index (HCI). Then, the model was combined with the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) and applied to the habitat assessment of Schizothorax prenanti (S. prenanti) in the Anshunchang reach of the Dadu River. The results showed that the change trend of the habitat index curves of different water depths showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, but the inflection points of the curves and the habitat indexes of different water depths were different. Taking into account the bottom living habits of target fish, the most suitable flow range for S. prenanti was from 271.7 m3/s to 489.1 m3/s. Compared with previous studies, the improved three-dimensional habitat model effectively avoids simulation errors caused by ignoring habitat quality and differences in fish habits.

Research on Grouting Reinforcement Construction Technology of Reservoirs in Water Conservancy Project Construction

Research on Grouting Reinforcement Construction Technology of Reservoirs in Water Conservancy Project Construction

Evaluation of river longitudinal connectivity based on landscape pattern and its application in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, China.

River connectivity plays an essential role in maintaining the health and stability of river basin ecosystems. It is of great significance to protect river ecosystems to clarify the effect of water conservancy project construction and operation on river hydrological connectivity. The longitudinal connectivity is affected by the landscape patterns of river, such as the convergence and dispersion of the mid-channel bars and the river areas. This study aims to analyze the impacts of construction and regulation of Xiaolangdi Dam on the connectivity of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River from the perspective of landscape pattern. An improved longitudinal river connectivity evaluation method was proposed by accounting for the influence of the landscape pattern represented by mid-channel bars based on barrier coefficient method, and then was applied to analyze the connectivity pre- and post-dam construction. The results show that the amplitude and frequency of the oscillation of the river were greatly reduced and tended to be stable. The aggregation degree of mid-channel bars was reduced, and the distribution of mid-channel bars was more dispersed. The river longitudinal connectivity before and after the construction of the Xiaolangdi Dam were 1.35 and 1.50 respectively, indicating an increased river longitudinal connectivity. Overall, there are differences in connectivity before and after Xiaolangdi Dam construction, and connectivity fluctuates after dam construction. Because of the dam regulation of water and sediment, the river connectivity during the flood season increased significantly, and was greater than that before and after the flood season. The longitudinal connectivity evaluation method established in this study is accurate and efficient, and provides an intuitive and reliable new method for quantitatively analyzing the changing laws and characteristics of river connectivity.

Functional zoning optimization design of cemented sand and gravel dam based on modified Duncan-Chang nonlinear elastic model

Cemented sand and gravel is widely used in water conservancy project construction due to its advantages of low material consumption, strong adaptability and environmental protection. Due to the single design of the dam section, its application scope is limited. Aiming at the design problem of the cemented sand gravel dam section, In this paper, the modified Duncan-Chang nonlinear elastic model is used as the constitutive model of dam material, and the design concept of dam functional zoning is combined with the mechanical properties of Cemented sand and gravel dam material to propose the optimal design scheme of functional zoning in line with the CSG dam. The Tobetsu dam in Japan is used as a prototype for finite element optimization design analysis, and the analysis results are compared with the engineering data. The results show that: (1) The optimized scheme changes the upstream slope to 1:0.34 and the downstream slope to 1:0.77 under the condition of ensuring the safe operation of the dam, which reduces the amount of cementitious admixture per unit dam section by 34.2% and 23.6% respectively, significantly reducing the amount of cementitious materials used, in line with the concept of optimal design; (2) The vertical stress of the dam body is compressive stress during the completion period, but both during the operation period, the location of the dam heel appears; (3)The upstream side of the dam axis should have a large modulus of deformation during the operation period, and the modulus of deformation can be reduced from upstream to downstream in order to ensure that the dam deformation is coordinated after water storage.

The application of water conservancy project in the comprehensive management of water environment in Taihu Lake Basin

After the outbreak of cyanobacterial water pollution crisis in Taihu Lake Basin, it not only affected the normal life and production activities of local residents, but also attracted extensive attention from the media at home and abroad. When the governments at all levels from the central to the local level attach great importance to the comprehensive water environment management in the Taihu basin, they start from the perspectives of land, science and technology, farmers, water conservancy, construction and environmental protection, and put forward a large number of engineering and non-engineering measures. Therefore, on the basis of clarifying the significance of water conservancy project construction and the current situation of water environment management in Taihu Lake basin, this paper deeply discusses how to apply water conservancy project in the comprehensive water environment management of Taihu Lake basin, and makes a comparative analysis of the benefits obtained from it. The final results show that hydraulic engineering plays an active role in the comprehensive treatment of water environment.

The application of water conservancy project in the comprehensive management of water environment in Taihu Lake Basin

After the outbreak of cyanobacterial water pollution crisis in Taihu Lake Basin, it not only affected the normal life and production activities of local residents, but also attracted extensive attention from the media at home and abroad. When the governments at all levels from the central to the local level attach great importance to the comprehensive water environment management in the Taihu basin, they start from the perspectives of land, science and technology, farmers, water conservancy, construction and environmental protection, and put forward a large number of engineering and non-engineering measures. Therefore, on the basis of clarifying the significance of water conservancy project construction and the current situation of water environment management in Taihu Lake basin, this paper deeply discusses how to apply water conservancy project in the comprehensive water environment management of Taihu Lake basin, and makes a comparative analysis of the benefits obtained from it. The final results show that hydraulic engineering plays an active role in the comprehensive treatment of water environment.

Discussion on the Impact of Water Conservancy Project Construction on Ecological Environment

Discussion on the Impact of Water Conservancy Project Construction on Ecological Environment