Water-based Product Research Articles

New water-based hybrid materials for the protection against water and consolidation of stone monuments

This research aims to develop a multifunctional, water-based product for protecting and consolidating stone materials. A new synthesis strategy using water-diluted silane formulations, composed of TEOS and an alkyl monomeric silane (ETES) or a polymeric siloxane (PDMS), homogenized by ultrasonic irradiation was followed to produce hybrid networks and overcome the limitations of current hydrophobic consolidants.These formulations gave rise to low dry residues and hydrophobic surfaces on various stones, including on low and high porosity stone varieties. Despite some formulations originated cracked films, optimal concentrations of ETES and PDMS showed high protection levels against capillary water absorption with minimal impacts on the color and water vapor permeability of the stones. Besides demonstrating the initial efficacy of these new hybrid materials in modifying the inherent hydrophilic and water-absorbing properties of stones, this work further confirmed their ability to penetrate within the stone pores and their initial efficacy in consolidating porous stones.Thus, new water-based multifunctional hybrid materials capable of consolidating and protecting various types of stones from water-related damage have been developed. These novel materials align with both technical and environmental requirements.

The Effect of Water Repellent Chemical (Ruco-DryEco®) Used in The Textile Sector on Some Physical Properties of Wood

The effect of a water repellent chemical used in the textile sector on some physical properties of wood was investigated in this study. Uludağ Fir (Abies bornmülleriana Mattf) and Beech (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky) were used as a wood and a commercial water repellent chemical named Ruco-DryEco® (RD), a fluorocarbon-free water-based product used in the textile industry, was used as a chemical. This chemical is used as an 3% aqueous solution in the textile industry. So, in this study 5% and 10% solution of RD was used. After the treatment with 5% and 10% solutions, the expected water repellency was not achieved and the study was repeated at 50% concentration. Weight percent gain (WPG), swelling effect (SE), water uptake (WU), water repellent efficiency (WRE), volumetric swelling (WS) and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) values of the woods were determined and, were compared with the values of the untreated control samples. It was determined that, as the concentration of solution increases, WPG and SE values increase. In addition, the increase in impregnation time and the use of binders also cause a relatively small increase in WPG values. On the SE, it was observed that impregnation time was not very effective. The WU of the samples decreased slightly compared to the WU of the control group. The higher the amount of water repellent attached to the material, the lower the rate of WU. WS of all treatment groups was found to be less than that of the control group. However, the effect of the impregnation was found to be less with low concentration solutions. For both wood species, higher ASE values were obtained as solution concentration increased.

Sanitized launches new water-based antimicrobial

Sanitized AG, a specialist in hygiene function and material protection for plastics, is expanding its Sanitized® Broadtec™ product range with a new, water-based product: Sanitized® PL 19-30. It is claimed to offer comprehensive protection against all significant microorganisms (bacteria, mold, algae, and fungi). The water-based product is created exclusively with BPR-compliant active ingredients.

Evaluation of ACP Derma Barrier Cream in the Healing Process of Induced Wounds in Dogs

The treatment of skin lesions comes up against the difficulty of the treatment due to the animal's temperament, causing stress and reluctance to administer medication, which may lead the tutor to interrupt the treatment. Knowing that coconut water has therapeutic properties that benefit tissue regeneration, we aimed to evaluate the healing activity of ACP Derma barrier cream, a coconut water-based product, to measure the degree of repair of the wound and to compare the evolution of the healing process, through macroscopic evaluations of the wounds. Five dogs were used in which 3 circular incisions were made on their backs. Wounds were treated with the 3 ointments (ACP, CMR® and Vetaglós®) and were macroscopically evaluated in the periods of 4, 7, 10 and 14 days of treatment. There were significant reductions in the wound area up to the 14th day, resulting in a satisfactory healing of the ointments used. ACP Derma was shown to be superior in terms of adherence to the lesion and showed effective potential for wound healing in dogs, equivalent to treatment with commercial ointments, making it a more cost-effective therapeutic option.

A Multi-Technique Approach to Evaluate the Surface Properties of Heat-Treated Chestnut Wood Finished with a Water-Based Coating

The aim of the present work is to investigate the surface properties and the effect of a water-based coating on chestnut wood (Castanea sativa Mill.), both untreated and thermally treated. Chestnut is very common throughout the Mediterranean region and its wood is widely used as timber, especially in Central Italy, to build window fixtures and doors which have to be decay-resistant, even in historical buildings. Traditional techniques have been used in combination with Hyperspectral Imaging which had never been used before to examine thermally treated wood. Specifically, colour, roughness, micro-hardness, wear and contact angle measurements have been performed on untreated and thermally treated chestnut wood, covered by a commercial water-based coating named Idrolinfo. Hyperspectral analysis has been demonstrated to be appropriate to discriminate the heat treatment and the presence of the water-based product. The applied techniques showed that the best performances are obtained with the 170 °C heat treatment. The water-based coating demonstrated its validity when applied to untreated and heat-treated wood at 140 °C and 170 °C. The main findings showed that chestnut wood increased or maintained its properties if treated at those temperatures without undergoing a major colour change, acquiring good hydrophobicity, both if uncoated or treated with the water-based coating.

Determination of Value-Added and Contributing Organization in the Development of Coconut Water-Based Agro Industry

Agroindustry is one of alternatives to elevate the income, both community and country. Therefore, agrarian countries strives to develop the prospective agroindustry by utilizing their own natural resources. Indonesia is one of the world’s top coconut producers and one of its national largest producers are located in Indragiri Hilir, Riau Province. Not only coconut flesh processing, coconut water-based industry is widely found in Indragiri Hilir. The coconut water can be processed into high value-added products, such as nata de coco, candy, soy sauce and syrup. To evaluate its value-added of processed coconut water-based products, analysis of value-added is required to be performed. Moreover, to support the development of coconut water-based agro industry, the presence of supporting organization is also a critical point that should be taken into account. This study was aimed to determine the value-added of coconut water-based products and the contributing institution related to the development of coconut water-based agro industry. Determination of contributing organization was conducted descriptively using the AHP method through questionnaire distribution, interview and literature study. Seven respondents, consisting of academician, extension officer and staff from the local plantation office, were used in this study. Analysis of value-added was performed using Hayami method. The results of this study revealed that the coconut water-based product contributing the highest value-added was candy with IDR 69,980.8/kg. Other products showed relatively low value-added, such as syrup (IDR 23,674.2/kg), soy sauce (IDR 5,220.2/kg) and nata de coco (IDR 960.52/kg), respectively. Type of organization contributing the highest expectation weight (47.8%) resulted from the village-owned enterprise (BumDes).

Pulmonary injury associated with spray of a water-based nano-sized waterproofing product: a case study

BackgroundIn most reported cases of lung trauma with water proofing products, volatile organic compounds (VOC) have a prominent role. Here we report on a case involving ten workers exposed to a sprayed product containing nanoparticles in a water solution with only a few percent VOC.Case presentationTen workers suffered from respiratory symptoms following spray impregnation of hardwood furniture using a waterproofing product that contained positively charged fluorinated acrylate copolymer solid cores with a median diameter of 70 nm (1.3 w%) in aqueous suspension with 3.3 w% VOC and 0.3 w% quaternary ammonium. The worker who applied one liter of the product in a wood workshop, using an air mix spray gun, did not report any health complaints. Another worker, who entered the workshop 3 h later and had rolled and smoked two cigarettes, was hospitalized with severe chemical pneumonitis. A chest X-ray (CXR) showed bilateral infiltrative impairment in the lower lobe regions. On the next day a second CXR showed increased patchiness marking in all fields. A high-resolution Computer Tomography (CT)-scan demonstrated extensive bilateral areas of ground-glass opacities predominantly in the lower regions of the upper lobes, the right middle lobe and the apical regions of the lower lobes, compatible with severe chemical pneumonitis. On the following morning, nine workers in an adjacent workplace in the same building, experienced dry cough, chest tightness and substernal pain upon physical exercise. Reconstruction of the spray application in a climate chamber confirmed trimethyl silanol, glycol ethers and fluoroalkenes in the gas phase. Immediately after the spray application, aerosols were observed at a maximum concentration of 6.3 × 104 cm−3. Mass concentrations were 0.095 and 10 mg/m3 in the size ranges 5.6-560 nm and 0.22-30 μm, respectively, decreasing to less than 10 μg/m3 in both size ranges after 15 h.ConclusionThe hospitalized worker had smoked cigarettes contaminated with fluoropolymers which is a plausible explanation for the lung trauma. Respiratory symptoms in the nine workers may be caused by inhalation of particles that became airborne by resuspension from surfaces when workers entered the adjacent workplace the next day. A contribution from VOC appears less likely because measurements and modelling showed that concentrations in the mg/m3 range could have occurred only if the building was assumed to be completely airtight.

PENGARUH PROSES M EMBRAN U LTRAFILTRASI DAN ULTRAVIOLET TERHADAP KOMPOSISI GIZI, SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK MINUMAN AIR KELAPA / The Effects of Ultrafiltration and Ultraviolet Process on Nutritional Composition, Physicochemical and Organoleptic

<p>The obstacle in developing coconut water-based product is its easily altered properties. Ultrafiltration and ultraviolet processing are potential to obtain a longer shelf life for coconut water drink without altering its nutritional values and unique organoleptic properties, unlike other processing techniques e.g. pasteurization and ultra high temperature. Shelf-life estimation experiment showed that ultrafiltration-and- ultraviolet-processed coconut water without any addition of food additives can be stored for 51 days in 00C. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of ultrafiltration and ultraviolet treatments on the nutritional, physicochemical and organoleptic properties of coconut water drink. The experiments were carried out at Food Analysis Laboratory, Indonesian Center of Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development, on January-April 2015. Coconut water was flown through the ultrafiltration membrane unit and ultraviolet light unit, samples were collected in three repetitions. Nutritional composition and physicochemical properties of fresh coconut water (FCW) and coconut water drink obtained from ultrafiltration and ultraviolet process (CUU) were evaluated and compared. Organoleptic analysis was done by 20 panelists, observations included quality hedonic (aroma, sweetness, saltiness, sourness and turbidity), and acceptance (preferance and ranking test), comparing FCW and CUU with commercial coconut water drink (CWD). CUU showed indistinguishable nutritional composition and physicochemical characteristics from FCW (p>0,05), except on total sugar (p=0,049), clarity (p=0,001), L* (lightness) (p=0,000) and b* (yellowish) (p=0,002). Panelists gave CUU a statistically equal rank to FCW, and better than CWD. The organoleptic characteristics of CUU were concluded as relatively same in saltiness and aroma as FCW, and less intense in sweetness and turbidity compared to CWD. After 10 days storage, panelists level of liking was higher for CUU compared to CWD in color (p=0,004) and general appearance (p=0,016).</p><p>Keywords: coconut water, nutritional composition, organoleptic properties ultrafiltration, ultraviolet</p>

Temporal variation of VOC emission from solvent and water based wood stains

Solvent- and water-based wood stains were monitored using a small test emission chamber in order to characterize their emission profiles in terms of Total and individual VOCs. The study of concentration–time profiles of individual VOCs enabled to identify the compounds emitted at higher concentration for each type of stain, to examine their decay curve and finally to estimate the concentration in a reference room. The solvent-based wood stain was characterized by the highest Total VOCs emission level (5.7 mg/m3) that decreased over time more slowly than those related to water-based ones. The same finding was observed for the main detected compounds: Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylenes, Styrene, alpha-Pinene and Camphene. On the other hand, the highest level of Limonene was emitted by a water-based wood stain. However, the concentration–time profile showed that water-based product was characterized by a remarkable reduction of the time of maximum and minimum emission: Limonene concentration reached the minimum concentration in about half the time compared to the solvent-based product. According to AgBB evaluation scheme, only one of the investigated water-based wood stains can be classified as a low-emitting product whose use may not determine any potential adverse effect on human health.

Effect of Different Substrate Pre-Treatments on the Resistance of Aluminum Joints to Moist Environments

The goal of this work was to evaluate and compare the performance of different surface pre-treatments applied to aluminium single lap joints exposed to warm moisture. Four different processes were considered: 1) degreasing-roughening; 2) degreasing-roughening and phosphoric acid anodising; 3) degreasing-roughening and conditioning with Picklex®20 (a water-based product for metal surface preparation); 4) degreasing-roughening and phosphoric acid anodising and contaminating the adherend surface with CaCl2 to accelerate the tests. After each pre-treatment, lap-shear specimens were prepared with the open face technique. The half-joints were exposed to warm moisture (50°C, 100% RH) for times up to 4 weeks, then they were completed and subjected to mechanical testing. The results show that anodising yields the best durability, as strength remained practically constant over time; all the other groups of specimens exhibited progressive reduction in strength and wider scatter of the results. A large role is played by interfacial damage of the adherends, since, under increasing exposure time, failure tends to occur as separation at the adhesive-metal interface. The strength decreased dramatically also for the anodised specimens when the surface was contaminated, which evidences the role of the interfacial damage. The interpretation is supported also by scanning electronic microscopy observation and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis.

Synthesis and Characterization of Bicalutamide-Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles as Anti-Tumor Drug Carriers

This study examined the optical characteristics of bicalutamide-loaded magnetic/ethylene glycol composite nanoparticles (BMP), as well as their anti-cancer activity against cancer cells. The gamma-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), approximately 20 nm in diameter, were prepared via a chemical co-precipitation method and coated with two surfactants to yield a water-based product. The characteristics of the particles were determined via X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectrophotometry. The Raman spectra of the BMP showed peaks at 222, 283, 395, 520, 669 and 1316 cm(-1), with broadened band in comparison to the Raman spectra of the magnetic nanoparticles. The BMP absorbance evidenced a rapid increase, with a broad peak at 409 nm, thus reflecting a good loading of the bicalutamide onto the magnetic nanoparticles. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that the MNPs were non-toxic against human brain cancer cells (SH-SY5Y), human cervical cancer cells (Hela), human liver cancer cells (HepG2), breast cancer cells (MCF-7), colon cancer cells (CaCO2) and human prostate cancers (Du 145, PC3) tested herein. In particular, BMPs were cytotoxic at 56% against DU145 cells, at 74.37% in SH-SY5Y cells, and at 58% in Hela cells. Our results demonstrated the biological applicability of BMP nanoparticles as anticancer agents and as agents for enhanced drug delivery against human prostate cancer cells. Our results indicated that the MNPs were biostable and that the BMP functioned effectively as drug delivery vehicles.

An Amphiphilic Acrylic Copolymer/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite

A bi-component copolymer/layered silicate nanocomposite was synthesized by way of a two-stage radical copolymerization of emulsion intercalation and solution intercalation, using acrylates, methacrylic acid and acrylamide as monomers. The water-based product was designed with a structure of a hydrophobic copolymer dispersed in an aqueous copolymer solution to meet needs of warp sizing agents on adhesiveness to hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic fibers, appropriate glass transition temperature, as well as water-solubility. XRD patterns for the product films showed an exfoliated structure of montmorillonite (MMT) in the part of soluble acrylic copolymer as the MMT content equal to or less than 7%, while in the part of emulsion copolymer alone or the product as a whole, the MMT showed an intercalated structure. Determination of DSC indicated that chemical bondings occured between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, which guaranteed storage stability of the system and water-solubility of the sizing film, and that there were threeTgs corresponding to the emulsion copolymer, solution copolymer and the interfacial copolymer between the two phases. All theTgs increased with increasing content of the MMT in the composites.

Two-Stage in Situ Intercalation Polymerization of Acrylic Copolymer/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

An amphiphilic acrylic copolymer/montmorillonite nanocomposite was synthesized by way of a two-stage radical copolymerization of emulsion intercalation and solution intercalation, using acrylates, methacrylic acid, and acrylamide as monomers. The water-based product was designed with a structure of a hydrophobic copolymer dispersed in an aqueous copolymer solution to meet the needs of warp sizing agents on adhesiveness to hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic fibers, appropriate glass transition temperature, as well as water-solubility. XRD patterns and TEM observation for the product films showed an exfoliated structure of montmorillonite (MMT) in the part of soluble acrylic copolymer as the MMT content equal to or less than 7%, while in the part of emulsion copolymer alone or the product as a whole, the MMT showed an intercalated structure. Determination of DSC indicated that chemical bondings occurred between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, which guaranteed storage stability of the system and water-solubility of the sizing film, and that there were three T g s corresponding to the emulsion copolymer, solution copolymer and the interfacial copolymer between the two phases. All of the T g s increased with increasing content of the MMT in the composites. The elongation at break of the composite films increased with increasing MMT contents up to 3 wt % and then dropped down, and the tensile strength and abrasive resistance of the acrylic copolymer increased with content of the MMT.

Use of propofol emulsion for intra-operative lubrication of oral and maxillofacial surgical instruments

Propoven 1% (Fresenius Kabi) Soybean oil Glycerol Triglycerides medium-chain Purified egg phosphatides Oleic acid Sodium hydroxide Diprivan 1% (AstraZenica) Soybean oil Glycerol Egg lecithin Disodium edetate Sodium hydroxide e have experienced many occasions in theatre where sterle hinged instruments such as needle holders, scissors and xtraction forceps are passed by the scrub nurse only to find hat they are poorly lubricated and stiff to use. This can lead o frustration and the request for a replacement instrument hich might not be readily available. Instruments should be regularly lubricated, ideally using water-based product, by the hospital central sterile supplies epartment (CSSD) at the time of sterilisation (though oilased lubricants are preferred for motors and handpieces). nevitably this lubrication step does not always occur, and a terile lubricant is not usually available in theatre. Propofol (2,6-di-isopropylphenol) is one of the most ubiqitously used induction agents in general anaesthesia and s thus readily available with a new sterile vial generally pened for each patient. As propofol is poorly water solule it is prepared in an oil-in-water emulsion carrier, usually ontaining soybean oil and glycerol (Table 1). These contituents are well known as excellent lubricants and soybean il itself may indeed be superior to alternative oil-containing gents1. By placing a small drop of propofol via a sterile syringe nd needle into the pivot of the stiff instrument (Fig. 1), hen opening and closing it gently before wiping away any xcess, we have found that the functioning efficiency of the echanism readily improves. Having used this over several months, we are not aware f any adverse issues relating to instrument damage using

Biostability of γ-Fe 2O 3 nano particles Evaluated using an in vitro cytotoxicity assays on various tumor cell lines

This study examined the cytotoxic effects of the γ-Fe 2O 3 magnetic nanoparticles (GMNs) on a range of tumor cell lines. GMNs, approximately 20 nm in diameter, were prepared using a chemical coprecipitation technique, and coated with two surfactants to obtain a water-based product. A 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) −2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay revealed the GMNs to be non-toxic to human fibroblast cells and most of the tumor cell lines tested. However, the magnetic nanoparticles coated with the anti-cancer drugs exhibited cytotoxic activity against tumor cells. These results suggest that GMNs are not cytotoxic to the tumor cells and normal human cells tested in this study. In addition, the magnetic nanoparticles are biostable and magnetic nanoparticles coated with anti-cancer drugs are effective drug delivery vehicles. These results highlight the potential of drug-coated Fe 2O 3 magnetic nanoparticles as new anti-tumor agents.

Biostability and Drug Delivery Efficiency of γ-Fe2O3 Nano-particles by Cytotoxicity Evaluation

This study examined the biostability and drug delivery efficiency of g-<TEX>$Fe_2O_3$</TEX> magnetic nanoparticles (GMNs) by cytotoxicity tests using various tumor cell lines and normal cell lines. The GMNs, approximately 20 nm in diameter, were prepared using a chemical coprecipitation technique, and coated with two surfactants to obtain a water-based product. The particle size of the GMNs loaded on hangamdan drugs (HGMNs) measured 20-50 nm in diameter. The characteristics of the particles were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-TEM) and Raman spectrometer. The Raman spectrum of the GMNs showed three broad bands at 274, 612 and <TEX>$771\;cm^1$</TEX>. A 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that the GMNs were non-toxic against human brain cancer cells (SH-SY5Y, T98), human cervical cancer cells (Hela, Siha), human liver cancer cells (HepG2), breast cancer cells (MCF-7), colon cancer cells (CaCO2), human neural stem cells (F3), adult mencenchymal stem cells (B10), human kidney stem cells (HEK293 cell), human prostate cancer (Du 145, PC3) and normal human fibroblasts (HS 68) tested. However, HGMNs were cytotoxic at 69.99% against the DU145 prostate cancer cell, and at 34.37% in the Hela cell. These results indicate that the GMNs were biostable and the HGMNs served as effective drug delivery vehicles.

Microbiological Efficacy and Tolerability of a New, Non-Alcohol-Based Hand Disinfectant

Alcohol-based hand disinfectants are widely used in hospitals. Occasionally, there is a need for non-alcohol-based products, but alternatives have been scarce. We studied the microbiological efficacy and tolerability of a water-based hand disinfectant for healthcare workers. A water-based hand disinfectant was introduced as the only hand disinfectant in 5 wards in Turku University Hospital, Finland. Ninety-nine healthcare workers participated in fingerprint sampling during the 7-week study period. In another ward, 26 healthcare workers who were using alcohol-based hand disinfectant acted as control subjects for the skin reaction studies. The water-based product was tested in the laboratory according to the European standard EN 12791. We obtained 292 fingerprint samples before disinfection and 302 after disinfection. The opinions of healthcare workers were collected by use of a questionnaire, and skin reactions were assessed subjectively by use of questionnaires and objectively by measuring moisture and transepidermal water loss. When tested in accordance with the European standard, the product met the requirements for short-term and long-term efficacy. The results of the fingerprint test showed that there was a statistically significant decrease in colonization of the fingertips before and after disinfection (P<.001). The users of the water-based hand disinfectant reported dry skin more often than did control subjects, but visual inspection and the results of the moisture measurement showed no difference between the users of the water-based hand disinfectant and the control subjects. Transepidermal water loss measurement also showed no deterioration of skin condition. The water-based hand disinfectant was shown to be an effective hand disinfectant that caused relatively little skin irritation and can serve as a hand hygiene alternative in situations in which alcohol-based disinfectant cannot be used.

Toxicity of Anionic Polyacrylamide Formulations when Used for Erosion Control in Agriculture

Addition of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) to agricultural irrigation water can dramatically reduce erosion of soils. However, the toxicity of PAM to aquatic life, while often claimed to be low, has not been thoroughly evaluated. Five PAM formulations, including two oil-based products, one water-based product, one granular product and one tablet product, were evaluated for acute and/or chronic toxicity to five species commonly used for freshwater toxicity testing [Hyalella azteca (Saussure), Chironomus dilutus (Shobanov et al.), Ceriodaphnia dubia (Richard), Pimephales promelas (Rafinesque), and Selenastrum capricornutum (Printz)]. When applied as an oil-based product, acute toxicity was seen to four of the five species at concentrations less than the 10 mg/L that is often used for erosion control. Toxicity was diminished, but still remained, after passage of the irrigation water across an agricultural field, indicating a potential impact to nearby surface waters. Results from the non-oil-based products indicated minimal toxicity associated with PAM even at concentrations 10 times those used in agriculture when applied in the granular form, as a tablet, or in a water-based liquid. These data suggest that other agents in the oil-based products, such as surfactants or emulsifiers, rather than the PAM itself, contribute to the toxicity. Care is required in selecting an appropriate PAM formulation when the potential exists for entry of tailwater to nearby surface waters.

Protective effect of maghemite nanoparticles on ultraviolet-induced photo-damage inhuman skin fibroblasts

This study examined the optical properties of an oxidized form of maghemite(γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles and their protective effects against the photoaging of human skin fibroblastsirradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light. Nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 8.7 to 12 nmwere prepared using a chemical co-precipitation method. The nanoparticles were coatedwith two surfactants to obtain a water-based product. The onset of the absorption of theγ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the UV–visible absorption spectra increased with increasing particle size. Theγ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles significantly inhibited the production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human skinfibroblast HS 68 cells by 60% compared with the UV-irradiated control. These results suggest thatγ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have photoprotective properties, and have potential use as an agent againstphotoaging.

Huntsman launches new water-based dispersant product range

Huntsman launches new water-based dispersant product range