Water-based Polymer Dispersion Research Articles

Thermal insulation coating based on water-based polymer dispersion

Thermal insulation coating based on water-based polymer dispersion

Effect of mineral fillers on the wetting of water-based polymer dispersions

To ensure reliable protection of porous plastered facades, water-based polymer dispersions must meet a set of properties for moisture absorption and vapour permeability. One of the most significant indicators in assessing moisture absorption is the hydrophobic properties of the coating, which characterizes their water repellency. Therefore, the article studied the effect of the dispersed mineral fillers content based on silicates and aluminosilicates on the wetting of water-based polymer dispersions and determined the possibility of their use as decorative and protective materials for plastered building facades finishing. It was found that the studied samples of water-based polymer dispersions can be used as facade coatings with high vapour permeability and low moisture absorption, which is confirmed by studies of the contact angle. The optimum values along the contact angle verge towards the hydrophobic coatings.

Effect of Mineral Filler Compounds on Vapor Permeability and Hygroscopic Properties of Water-Based Polymer Dispersions

The effect of mineral filler compounds on vapor permeability and hygroscopic properties of water-based polymer dispersions and the possibility of their use as decorative and protective material for stucco facades finishing was studied. According to Facade Protection Theory (H.M. Künzel), the assessment criterion was vapor permeability and water vapor diffusivity. The pairwise correlation of building physical properties of water-based polymer dispersions in the coordinates of Künzel's diagram clearly demonstrates that, in terms of hygroscopic, all the samples studied correspond to the low hygroscopic class, and in terms of vapor, they are close to high water vapour diffusion rate class.

Rheological approach to select most suitable associative thickener for water-based polymer dispersions and paints

In the 1980s, a new class of thickeners, i.e., associative thickener (AT), was introduced for water-based coatings to improve their rheology. Principally, they work by associating with polymer particles present in the paint. Manufacturers of ATs provide some generic guidelines to choose them based on economy, regulatory restrictions, and polymer type; however, it is very difficult to choose suitable ATs until and unless their interactions with polymer particles are studied by rheology. This article focuses on developing a rheological approach to identify a suitable AT for a paint formulation. In this approach, a rheology viscosity curve was used on AT–emulsion polymer mix and AT–emulsion polymer–surfactant mix to short-list a suitable AT. Subsequently, the shortlisted ATs were tested in the paint formulation to study their efficacy. Commonly used, hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)-free, commercially available ATs, viz. hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane thickener (HEUR) and hydrophobically modified poly(acetal- or ketal-polyether) thickener (HMPE), were selected to study their interaction with a unique surfactant-stabilized acrylic–polyurethane hybrid emulsion. A range of acrylic–polyurethane hybrid emulsions were prepared by increasing the polyurethane content in the emulsion. As the polyurethane content increased in the emulsion polymer, the thickening efficiency of AT decreased.

Thermal insulation coating based on water-based polymer dispersion

For Russia, due to its long winter period, improvement of thermal insulation properties of envelope structures by applying thermal insulation paint and varnish coating to its inner surface is considered perspective. Thermal insulation properties of such coatings are provided by adding aluminosilicate microspheres and aluminum pigment to their composition. This study was focused on defining the effect of hollow aluminosilicate microspheres and aluminum pigment on the paint thermal insulation coating based on water-based polymer dispersion and on its optimum filling ratio. The optimum filling ratio was determined using the method of critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC). The optimum filling ratio was found equal to 55%.

Thermal insulation coating based on water-based polymer dispersion

For Russia, due to its long winter period, improvement of thermal insulation properties of envelope structures by applying thermal insulation paint and varnish coating to its inner surface is considered perspective. Thermal insulation properties of such coatings are provided by adding aluminosilicate microspheres and aluminum pigment to their composition. This study was focused on defining the effect of hollow aluminosilicate microspheres and aluminum pigment on the paint thermal insulation coating based on water-based polymer dispersion and on its optimum filling ratio. The optimum filling ratio was determined using the method of critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC). The optimum filling ratio was found equal to 55%.

A low temperature operated NO2 gas POF sensor based on conducting graft polymer

It has developed a simple POF sensor that is used to detection and measure concentration of nitrogen dioxide, at low temperatures (about 50°C). In this work, we present thermal profiling process of sensor head type POF, and application of sensing structure based on grafted polymer preparation by dip-coating technique. Were performed characterization prepared structures and tests with various concentration NO2 at low temperature and dry atmosphere. Full Text: PDF References E. Maciak, Z. Opilski, M. Urbanczyk, "Pd/V2O5 fiber optic hydrogen gas sensor", J. de Physique IV 129, 137 (2005). CrossRef T. Pustelny, M. Procek, E. Maciak, A. Stolarczyk, S. Drewniak, M. Urbanczyk, M. Setkiewicz, K. Gut, Z. Opilski, "Gas sensors based on nanostructures of semiconductors ZnO and TiO2", Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences, 60(4), 853 (2012). CrossRef G. Mauthner, K. Landfester, A. Köck, H. Brückl, M. Kast, C. Stepper, E. J. W. List, "Inkjet printed surface cell light-emitting devices from a water-based polymer dispersion", Org. Electron. Physics, Mater. Appl. 9, 164 (2008). CrossRef A.Stolarczyk et al. Polish patent application nr P.407784 RR10.

Fluid-dynamic properties and wetting behavior of coating inks for roll-to-roll production of polymer-based solar cells

In the last decade, semiconducting and conducting materials were developed that can be processed by solvent-based deposition to form functional layers or complete electronic devices. These materials are typically synthesized in laboratory scale quantities and tested on small spin-coated substrates, whereas the final goal is to produce them on flexible substrates in a continuous roll-to-roll process. To enable a fast scale up and optimization, fluid-dynamic properties have to be known. Here, we present viscosity and surface tension data for typical material systems, applied in polymer-based solar cells. Materials presented include water-based polymer dispersions (hole-conducting and high-conductive PEDOT:PSS types), solvent-based anorganic nanoparticle dispersions (silver nanoparticle ink, hole-blocking ZnO nanoparticle ink), and dissolved organic molecules and polymers (P3HT:PCBM photoactive blend). Predictive models are proposed to approximate viscosity and surface tension for these materials at various compositions. As well, corona treatment is used to modify the surface energy of P3HT:PCBM and described as a function of web speed and corona power. The importance of material properties is demonstrated by predicting stable conditions for a slot-die coating process. A simple drying simulation highlights the possibility of using property models to investigate wetting problems.

Polymers for Concrete Modification – Interactions and Application Properties

Concrete is globally the most widely used construction material featuring outstanding properties as e.g. high mechanical strength, global availability, low cost and high durability if properly made. However, concrete exhibits also numerous intrinsic drawbacks as e.g. low tensile strength, poor elasticity, in many cases poor adhesion to various substrates and the formation of cracks and thus reduced durability. Many if not all of these drawbacks can be compensated by the addition of environmentally friendly water-based polymer dispersions. This article focuses on the fundamental understanding of the interaction of polymers with the other components in concrete, and its impact on the properties of latex-modified concrete (LMC), such as rheology, mechanical properties, adhesion, abrasion resistance etc. As a practical example the application of LMC in North American bridge deck overlays is discussed. Special attention is thereby paid to concrete mix designs, performance enhancement and the durability of these materials in the field.

In-Situ Polymer Coating of Open Grid Warp Knitted Fabrics for Textile Reinforced Concrete Application

This article presents the research work done in the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre — Textile Reinforcement for Structural Strengthening and Retrofitting. Previous results of textile reinforced concrete (TRC) have shown that the mechanical properties of the applied open grid warp knitted fabrics made of alkali-resistant glass filament yarns or carbon filament yarns as reinforcement material have not been utilized to complete satisfaction in the composition with the mineral matrix system. Further we have noticed that the orientation and configuration of the reinforcing fiber material is quite influenced by the handling in the further processing steps, which leads to the need of a sustainable structural stabilization.Different technologies for a subsequent structural stabilization e.g., dip-or spray coating with water-based polymer dispersions, thermal bonding, and laminating have been investigated. The results of these preliminary investigations have been published [2] and in consequence a suitable technology for a structural strengthening process has been selected. The structural strengthening of open grid warp knitted fabrics by means of an in-situ polymer coating process, which is completely integrated, as a modular line concept, into a multi-axial warp knitting machine from Karl Mayer Malimo increases the utilization of mechanical performance in TRC applications. Further the developed structural strengthening process improves the handling properties of the textile fabric. The modular line concept consisting of coating and drying moduless will be described. The influence of process and structure parameters to the mechanical properties of polymer-modified textile fabrics will be explained and sets the basis for the development and manufacturing of textile fabrics with structural properties adjusted to the requirements of the intended application. The effect of polymer-modified fabrics to the load bearing capacity of TRC will be discussed. To demonstrate the application potential of the developed composite material the TRC has been applied to reinforce a hypar shell structure of a campus building at the University of Applied Sciences in Schweinfurt, Germany.

Nanoparticles of soluble alkaline silicates as corrosion inhibitors in water based polymer dispersions

The present paper shows that soluble alkaline silicates, for example sodium silicate, act as flash rusting inhibitors, while aqueous dispersion binders were used in primer paints. Sodium silicate, potassium silicate and lithium silicate were studied for this purpose. Their inhibiting properties were described with the aid of a scanning method, determination of metal weight loss and SEM. Sodium silicate was identified as a very good flash rusting inhibitor for applications in styrene acrylate water borne paints.

Inkjet printed surface cell light-emitting devices from a water-based polymer dispersion

We report on the fabrication of polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) and light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) in planar surface cell geometry (anode as well as the cathode are made of gold; interelectrode spacing: 1μm) by means of inkjet printing. The active material for PLEDs is an aqueous poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) dispersion, and for LECs blends thereof with poly(ethylene oxide) (two different molecular weights: 100,000g/mol (PEO-100,000) and 30,000g/mol (PEO-30,000)) and lithium-triflate, building the solid state electrolyte. The surface PLEDs reveal very poor device performance with extremely high current and light emission onset voltages. However, adding the solid state electrolyte to the luminescent material, leading to the device type of an LEC, distinctly improves the performance obtaining onset voltages slightly above 3V and remarkable enhanced light output. Due to the exchange of the high molecular weighted PEO-100,000 by the PEO-30,000, which leads to an elimination of the undesired bead-on-a-string effect during the inkjet printing process, the reproducibility of the device fabrication can be conspicuously improved. Additionally, the location of the light emission zone of a surface LEC can be easily determined, since one has a direct view between the electrodes. For such a device the light generation occurs near the cathode.

Amperometric bi-enzyme based biosensor for the determination of lactose with an extended linear range

Amperometric biosensors were developed for the determination of lactose using β-galactosidase and glucose oxidase. The enzymes were co-immobilized under mild conditions in a poly(carbamoyl)sulphonate-hydrogel matrix onto the surface of low-cost-screen-printed platinum working electrodes for the amperometric detection of the enzymatically generated hydrogen peroxide which was monitored at +600 mV versus Ag/AgCl/3 M KCl. The basic sensors showed linearity over a concentration range of 0.0035–2 mM (correlation coefficient, r=0.99992). They were used in a batch system to determine the lactose content in milk. As sample pre-treatment, only dilution was necessary. Data for the determination of lactose with the enzyme electrodes were compared to those obtained using a soluble enzyme test kit (the Boehringer Mannheim UV method). The linear range of the sensors could be increased by applying additional membranes to the top of the planar sensor surface. Commercially available polycarbonate membranes with reduced pore densities and pore sizes supplied best results when fixed using double-sided tape. As an alternative approach, an extended linear range could also be accomplished by spray-coating the sensor surface using a water-based polymer dispersion.