Wastewater Systems Research Articles

Uncharted territory: the arrival of Psychoda albipennis (Zetterstedt, 1850) (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Maritime Antarctica

Despite increasing awareness of the threats they pose, exotic species continue to arrive in Antarctica with anthropogenic assistance, some of which inevitably have the potential to become aggressively invasive. Here, we provide the first report of the globally cosmopolitan species Psychoda albipennis (Diptera, Psychodidae; commonly known as moth flies) in Antarctica during the austral summer of 2021/2022, with the identification confirmed using traditional taxonomic and molecular approaches. The species was present in very large numbers and, although predominantly associated with the drainage and wastewater systems of Antarctic national operator stations in synanthropic situations, it was also present in surrounding natural habitats. While it is unclear if P. albipennis is capable of long-distance dispersal, adult psychodid flies are known to travel more than 90 m from their emergence sites, and up to 1.5 km with wind assistance. Thus, once established in the natural environment of King George Island there appears to be a high risk of the species rapidly becoming invasive. The introduction of non-native species such as P. albipennis can be a significant driver of future biodiversity change and loss, and seriously impact ecosystem health. In vulnerable low diversity ecosystems, such as in the terrestrial environments of Antarctica, non-native species can lead to step changes in ecological functions and interactions, displace native species and, potentially, lead to the extinction of native biota.

Water Tariffs and Affordability in Urban Water Supply and Wastewater Systems

Water Tariffs and Affordability in Urban Water Supply and Wastewater Systems

Inferring failure risk of on-site wastewater systems from physical and social factors

Aging infrastructure and climate change present emerging challenges for clean water supply and reliable wastewater services for communities in the United States (US). In Georgia, for example, the failure rates of on-site wastewater systems (OWTS) have increased from 10% to 35% in the last two decades as the systems age. In this work, we develop a hierarchical Bayesian model to understand the different contributions of physical and social factors driving OWTS failures using a long-term collection of 201,000 Georgia’s OWTS inspection records. The out-of-sample validation accuracy of our hierarchical Bayesian model is 70% within Georgia, outperforming other machine learning models that do not consider the multiscale nature of the problem. Overall, we find counties that experience more extreme precipitation and are situated in steeper-sloped regions are significantly associated with increased failure risks. Uncertainties, meanwhile, are largely associated with counties experiencing more precipitation and have lower median housing value.

Urban FEW Nexus Model for the Otun River Watershed

The food–energy–water (FEW) nexus has emerged as an alternative for managing resources in the food, energy, and water systems. However, there are limited case studies applying this approach in the Latin American and Caribbean region. This region stands to benefit significantly from the FEW nexus approach due to its heavy reliance on hydropower for electricity generation and unevenly distributed and poorly managed water resources. In this study, an urban FEW nexus framework was used in the Otun River Watershed (ORW) to evaluate changes in food, energy, and water demand for four scenarios. Additionally, regional climate models (RCMs) were used to forecast water availability in the ORW from 2030–2039. The results show that water demand could increase by 16% and energy demand will increase by roughly 15% for scenario 2, while water demand in scenario 3 will likely remain unchanged in relation to the current conditions (base scenario). Enhancing water resources management in the ORW will involve a variety of measures, including: implementing practices to reduce water losses in distribution systems, developing green infrastructure and decentralized wastewater systems, and embracing urban and peri-urban farming. Successful application of urban FEW nexus solutions requires involvement from stakeholders across the food, energy, and water systems.

An Optimization Approach for Biosurveillance in Wastewater Networks

Biosurveillance is the ongoing systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of biospheric data essential to planning, implementing, and evaluating national security interests. Biosurveillance efforts often focus on disease activity and threats to human, animal, or plant health to improve situational awareness of and early warnings of disease emergence or activity. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an important subdomain of biosurveillance that monitors the consumption of, or exposure to, chemicals and pathogens at the community/population level. However, ecological, environmental, economic, cultural, and political variability yields an asymmetric landscape of threats, subsequent exposure(s), and community burden. This work presents an exact approach based on mixed-integer programming to optimize sensor placement in a wastewater network. The primary goal is to maximize the amount of information captured from the network while narrowing down the potential geographical sources of chemical or biological markers (i.e., signals). We use the wastewater systems of Los Angeles (US) and Regina (CAN) to demonstrate the scalability of our approach in realistic scenarios and how it can enhance stakeholders’ ability to identify emerging threats or assess the effectiveness of strategic interventions post-deployment.

Bio-inspired magnetically induced self-assembling Janus solar evaporator with antifouling and antiscaling properties

Engineering solar evaporators with Janus structures is crucial for facilitating water transition and heat localization to enhance water evaporation efficiency. However, the fragile discontinuous bilayer structures and unavoidable surface fouling significantly hinder their application. Herein, inspired by the Janus structure of Black Amanita mushrooms, we designed a robust solar evaporator with an integrated wood-like and Janus structure using directional freeze-casting and magnetically induced self-assembly of polypyrrole-coated Fe3O4 particles as a build-in photothermal top layer within a hydrophilic matrix, followed by covering it with an additional hydrophobic fluorine layer to simultaneously regulate surface wettability and antifouling properties. Incorporating the hydrophobic fluorine layer onto the solar evaporator not only enhances its water evaporation efficiency via thermal localization effects, but also prevents fouling, salt, and dust scaling accumulation on its surface, facilitating water transportation, thus achieving a groundbreaking performance with the evaporation rate of 2.13 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun irradiation. Moreover, the mechanical performance of the as-prepared solar evaporator can be further optimized by precisely modulating supramolecular interactions within its structure, achieving Young’s modulus over 4 MPa and maintaining structural integrity after the peel-off tests. The fabricated solar evaporator enables highly efficient water purification from artificial seawater, oil-in-water emulsions, and industrial wastewater, providing a rational strategy for designing high-yield solar evaporation systems for wastewater containing complex contaminants.

‘Yes, we care’: pro-environmental social identity framing to promote acceptance of decentralized wastewater treatment systems

ABSTRACT Decentralized wastewater treatment systems can help mitigate the water crisis. Their successful implementation depends not only on their technological design but also on the level of public support. We aim to assess how a pro-environmental social identity framing in which we present a decentralized wastewater treatment system as an environmentally responsible neighborhood initiative may increase public support of these systems. Two experimental studies examined the impact of pro-environmental social identity framing on public acceptance of decentralized wastewater systems in Groningen (the Netherlands) (n = 92) and Santiago de Compostela (Spain) (n = 208). As expected, pro-environmental social identity framing increased public acceptance in both studies, irrespective of the extent to which people identify with their neighborhood. Specifically, participants in the pro-environmental social identity framing condition displayed more positive attitudes, more positive and less negative emotions, and higher voting intentions toward the decentralized wastewater systems compared to those in the control condition. These results suggest that connecting such systems to shared neighborhood identities can be an effective strategy for overcoming barriers to their implementation. Our study offers valuable insights for policymakers, community leaders, and environmental advocates to craft messages to promote the adoption of decentralized wastewater systems.

Evaluating Energy Efficiency Parameters of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Terms of Management Strategies and Carbon Footprint Reduction: Insights from Three Polish Facilities

Water management in cities is a critical factor for sustainable growth and development. Satisfying the current needs with respect for the future is not possible without properly managed water and wastewater systems. An essential element of wastewater systems is the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The nexus between wastewater treatments and energy demand is a well-known problem. In times of energy crisis, effective energy management in this critical infrastructure is a key task. The purpose of this article is to analyze WWTPs’ energy consumption with regard to proposed management strategies for managers, designers and decision makers. A detailed analysis of WWTP operational parameters and a proposal of improvement actions will be useful for applicability and benchmarking studies. Estimating the carbon footprint (CF) of selected WWTPs considering the indirect emissions due to energy consumption is an important step for developing energy neutrality of WWTPs. Due to the desire to deepen research in the area of a complex phenomenon, which is the energy management system in WWTPs, the research undertaken herein is based on the case study method of three water and sewage companies operating southwestern Poland. Each urban area has different specificities, natural conditions and needs. The presented results of the analyses may be the basis for developing directions for changes in national policy, other benchmarking studies, and improving the energy management system in WWTPs.

How do malfunctioning onsite wastewater systems influence water quality? Assessing treatment of nutrient and Escherichia coli in central North Carolina

Onsite wastewater systems (OWSs) can be significant sources of nutrients and E. coli to water resources, potentially resulting in water quality degradation especially during times of malfunction. An OWS is considered malfunctioning when septic tank effluent is discharged into drainfield trenches during periods when there is insufficient separation to groundwater (<30 cm), when wastewater upwells to the surface, or when backup of wastewater into the tank or home occurs. Few studies have quantified groundwater and surface water quality downgradient from malfunctioning OWSs. Thus, the goal of this study was to quantify nutrients and Escherichia coli in shallow groundwater and adjacent streams downgradient from malfunctioning OWSs. Three residences served by conventional-style OWSs were instrumented with piezometers near the drainfields for groundwater sample collection. Streams near two of the OWS were also monitored. Sites were sampled 10 times between Feb 2022 and Apr 2023. Samples were analyzed for nutrients, E. coli, and other water quality parameters. Results indicated that groundwater was typically within 30 cm of the trench bottom at 2 sites (Sites 100 and 200), thus these OWSs were malfunctioning for insufficient vertical separation distance. Groundwater beneath the 2 malfunctioning drainfields contained median concentrations of TDN (17.98 mg L−1), TDP (0.34 mg L−1), and E. coli (2419.6 MPN 100 mL−1) that were approximately 19, 34, and 576 times greater than concentrations in background groundwater. Groundwater near a functioning OWS (Site 300) had lower median concentrations of TDN (1.26 mg L−1), TDP (0.10 mg L−1), and E. coli (248.1 MPN 100 mL−1) compared to the malfunctioning sites. Drainfield groundwater regardless of functionality contained elevated pollutant concentrations relative to background groundwater, which had median concentrations of 0.95 mg-N L−1, 0.01 mg-P L−1, 4.2 MPN 100 mL−1 for TDN, TDP, and E. coli, respectively. Streams adjacent to the malfunctioning OWSs also contained elevated concentrations and exports of nutrients and E. coli relative to background. Thus, OWS malfunctions inhibited soil treatment processes contributing to elevated nutrient and E. coli pollution in receiving waters.

Incorporation of Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Framework on Kaolin for Boosting Rhodamine-B Adsorption

This research was focused on the use of a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (UiO-66) supported kaolin composite (UiO-66@kaolin) for rhodamine-b (RB) adsorption. The proposed composite was prepared via solvothermal method, and the functional groups were characterized by FT-IR analysis. The adsorption performances of kaolin and UiO-66@kaolin were compared by equilibrium experiments and the maximum monolayer adsorption capacities calculated from the Langmuir model were found to be 2.10 mg g⁻¹ and 17.22 mg g⁻¹, respectively. It was observed that the adsorption capacity of pristine kaolin was significantly increased by UiO-66 support. Besides, kaolin mineral was fitted to the monolayer Langmuir isotherm model, while the isotherm character of the composite adsorbent was described by the multilayer model Freundlich. The equilibrium time for UiO-66@kaolin was obtained as 240 min and the adsorption process was identified to occur via chemisorption with pseudo-second-order model fitting. It was observed that RB removal rate decreased with decreasing pH and solution pH had a major effect on adsorption. The parameters gathered from thermodynamic data demonstrated that RB adsorption was exothermic and spontaneous. The effective removal of RB dye from wastewater systems using the prepared UiO-66@kaolin composite adsorbent was confirmed by extensive adsorption studies. The reported findings may inspire further potential investigations.

Features of Providing Air Temperature and Humidity Parameters in the Engine Room Working Area at Sewage Pumping Stations

Statement of the problem. There is an important task for engineers to improve the working conditions of workers in industrial facilities. The waste water system includes a large number of structures with different temperature and humidity microclimate characteristics. The possibility has been discussed to improve these characteristics by redistributing air flows in the engine room of a city sewage pumping station with PLI panel. Results. There are the results of the temperature and humidity microclimate parameters research in the working area of the engine room at a high-voltage sewage pumping station which is located in Moscow. The author has proved the possibility of use the cooled air from the machine room lower level in a high-voltage pumping station at the machine room main working area. It has been described the calculation features of the heat transfer coefficients in the proposed model for local ventilation at the main technological working area. It has been described the results of temperature and humidity parameters instrumental study in the main working area and the lower level. Conclusion. Thelocal ventilation systems could be used for the working area, where an employee performs repair work of the main technical equipment in a sewage pumping station. The balanced mathematical thermal model includes PLI panel’s potential location.

Predicting flushed wet wipe emissions into rivers

Flushed wet wipes pose a significant pollution risk to river systems at both macro and micro levels. However, the link between their emissions and environmental contamination remains unclear. Here we integrated emissions-based modelling with existing data on wet wipe disposal and microfibre generation to predict the quantity of emissions entering river systems and the transport pathways involved. Results indicate that wastewater pathways, including sewer overflows, wastewater treatment plants, and agricultural runoff, are major conduits for these pollutants. Despite advanced wastewater treatment, substantial microfibre emissions still enter the environment. Extrapolating to larger scales reveals wet wipe pollution as an international issue requiring urgent attention. This research offers a comprehensive modelling framework applicable to various wastewater pollutants, providing valuable insights for policymakers and the water industry. Improved data on wet wipe disposal, fate, and spatially distributed wastewater systems are necessary to pinpoint their environmental risks more accurately.

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Bacteria from Hospital Wastewater Pipes: Isolation, Characterisation, and Biofilm Control using Common Disinfectants

Hospital wastewater systems have been identified as reservoirs for antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with biofilms harbouring extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing microorganisms posing significant infection risk. This study focuses on the antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm control of ESBL-producing bacteria from wastewater pipes from a tertiary care teaching hospital in Ireland, which had experienced endemic infection outbreaks caused by ESBL-producing bacteria.Following isolation of ESBL-producers on selective agar antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined for a number of antibiotics assessed for their ability to form biofilms. Biofilm eradication studies using the commercially available disinfectants bleach, OptizanTM, VirkonTM, and ClinellTM were performed on selected isolates.ESBL-producing bacteria (n=39 isolates) showed a high degree of resistance to β-lactams. Biofilm-forming ability ranged from non-adherent to strongly adherent and appeared to be source dependent, suggesting the characteristics of the pipe environment played an important role in biofilm formation. All disinfectants showed effective biofilm eradication under suggested working conditions. Effectiveness was significantly reduced following reductions in concentration and contact time, with only ClinellTM showing significant biofilm reduction against all isolates at all concentrations and contact times tested. Of the chlorine-based formulations, OptizanTM frequently outperformed bleach at lower concentrations and treatment times. Biofilm eradication was strain dependent, with varying disinfectant response profiles observed from biofilms from different Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates.This study highlights the high degree of ESBL-producing bacteria recovery from patient-facing hospital wastewater apparatus. Their ability to form resident biofilms and act as potential reservoirs of infection emphasises the need for rigorous and effective infection control practices.

Integrated urban wastewater management through on-site generation and application of ferrous carbonate

Integrated urban water management is an increasingly popular concept that cost-effectively maximizes system-wide performance by holistically considering all aspects of water and wastewater sectors. An innovative technology enabling production of high-quality bioenergy and an iron salt, ferrous carbonate (FeCO3), represents a significant opportunity for integrated urban water management. This study experimentally evaluates the effect of in-sewer FeCO3 dosing on the performance of sewers and the downstream wastewater treatment plants. Two continuous-flow laboratory-scale urban wastewater systems, each consisting of sewer reactors, a sequencing batch wastewater treatment reactor, and an anaerobic digester, were operated in parallel. After establishing comparable performance, one served as the control without any chemical dosing, while the other received a dosing of 10mgFe/L of FeCO3 in its sewer reactors. Compared to the control, the FeCO3-dosed experimental system reduced dissolved sulfide concentrations by 32.2±3.3% (at 0.58±0.05mgS/mgFe, or 1.0molFe/molS) in sewer reactors, decreased phosphate concentrations by 38.3%±3.2% (at 0.37±0.04mgP/mgFe, or 1.5molFe/molP) in sequencing batch reactors, and lowered dissolved sulfide concentrations by 72.0±4.2% (18.9±2.4mgS/L) in the anaerobic sludge digester. Iron accumulated in the sludge and improved sludge settleability by 33.9±5.5% and enhanced dewaterability of anaerobically digested sludge by 15.9±2.0%. The findings indicate multiple benefits from the integrated use of FeCO3, potentially being as a substitute for the currently used iron salts in urban wastewater systems.

Carbon flow allocation patterns of CH4, CO2, and biomass production vary with sewage and sediment microbial and biochemical factors in the anaerobic sewer environment.

Understanding the carbon (C) fate in municipal sewers is imperative for optimizing current sewer-C-degradation control and treatment efficiency, aligning with China's C-neutrality strategy in determining the exact C budget of the wastewater system. This study used laboratory batch tests mimicking the anaerobic sewer environment and sewage-sediment stratification to evaluate C flow allocation (CFA) patterns in response to biotic and abiotic variables. We quantified the C equivalent mass (CEM) and used absolute quantitative 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the microbiome. The substantial methane production (CH4, 17.2%-18.8%) required both activated sediment and exogenous C, while biomass production (BP, 63.1%-74.9%) formed C sink predominated as the main CFA direction under the stratified state. This was supported by the high diversity, interspecific interactions, and metabolic capacity of the sediment microbiome. However, CH4 and BP patterns demonstrated non-synchronicity and opposite dynamic characteristics. Carbon dioxide (CO2, 64.0%-81.3%) production dominated the sewage CFA. The absolute abundance of the sediment microbiome, which was 5.6 times higher than that of the sewage, exhibited a strong increase in magnitude across the phases. It was primarily associated with biomass growth and N metabolism, whereas sewage showed differentiated and competing communities and appeared to act mainly as the exogenous C sources. We constructed a binary quadratic linear model revealing the non-linear relationship between ACK activity, DOC degradation rate, and CEMCH4 rate; the former maintained low CH4 production when the available substrate was insufficient. The influence of N and S factors on the CFA is complex and multi-faceted. These findings highlight the importance of further investigations into the process-based framework of the sewer C budget, focusing on the C source-emission-sink functions and mass balance.

Multidimensional Insights into Organics Stress on Anammox systems: From a "Molecule-Cell-Ecology" Perspective.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is efficient and cost-effective for treating high-strength ammonia wastewater, but the organics in wastewater will affect its stability. To address this challenge, it is crucial to gain a deep understanding of the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of organics stress on anammox bacteria. The review provided a comprehensive classification of organics and evaluated their specific effects on the anammox system according to their respective characteristics. Based on the micro to macro perspective, the "molecule-cell-ecology" inhibitory mechanism of organics on anammox bacteria was proposed. The molecular observation systematically summarized the binding process and action sites of organics with anammox bacteria. At the cellular observation, the mechanisms of organics effects on extracellular polymeric substances, membranes, and anammoxosome of anammox bacteria were also expounded. At the ecological observation, the dynamic changes in coexisting populations and their role in organics transformation were further discussed. Further revelations on response mechanisms and inhibition mitigation strategies were proposed to broaden the applicability of anammox systems for organic wastewater. This review offered a multidimensional understanding of the organics inhibitory mechanism of anammox bacteria and provided a theoretical foundation for anammox systems.

Successful control of an environmental reservoir of NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae associated with nosocomial transmissions in a low-incidence setting

BackgroundThe hospital wastewater system has been reported as a source of nosocomial acquisition of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in various settings. Cleaning and disinfection protocols or replacement of contaminated equipment often fail to eradicate these environmental reservoirs, which can lead to long-term transmission of CPE. We report a successful multimodal approach to control a New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase positive Klebsiella pneumoniae (NDM-KP) nosocomial outbreak implicating contamination of sink traps in a low-incidence setting.MethodsFollowing the incidental identification of NDM-KP in a urine culture of an inpatient, we performed an epidemiological investigation, including patient and environmental CPE screening, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) of strains. We also implemented multimodal infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, namely the isolation of cases, waterless patient care, replacement of contaminated P-traps and connecting pieces, and bleach and steam disinfection of sinks for 6 months, followed by patient and environmental screenings for eradication.ResultsBetween February and May 2022, five NDM-KP cases were identified in an eight-bed neurosurgical intermediate care unit. Among the eight sink traps of the unit, three were positive for NDM-KP. Patient and environmental isolates belonged to multilocus sequence typing ST-268. All isolate genomes were genetically very similar suggesting cross-transmission and a potential role of the environment as the source of transmissions. Following the introduction of combined IPC measures, no new case was subsequently detected and sink traps remained negative for NDM-KP within 6 months after the intervention.ConclusionThe implementation of multimodal IPC measures, including waterless patient care combined with the replacement and disinfection of P-traps and connecting pieces, was successful in the control of NDM-KP after eight months. In a low-incidence setting, this approach has made it possible to pursue the objective of zero transmission of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE).

Sustainability Prediction by Evaluating the Emergy of a Co-Treatment System for Municipal Wastewater and Acidic Water Using Intermittent Electrocoagulation

The objective of this research was to evaluate the sustainability of a co-treatment system that combines Municipal Wastewater (MW) and Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) through the technique of intermittent electrocoagulation, applied as an advanced solution to improve contaminant removal efficiency and optimize energy balance. Four scenarios were analyzed: Treatment I (with a 1/7 ratio of urban wastewater to AMD), Treatment II (which includes an artificial wetland), Treatment IIIa (which introduces electrocoagulation to enhance sulfate removal and pH regulation), and Treatment IIIb (which employs a 1/15 ratio of AMD to eutrophic water). The methodology focused on calculating key sustainability indicators such as the Net Yield Ratio (EYR), Emergy Inversion Ratio (EIR), Environmental Loading Ratio (ELR), and Sustainability Index (SI), in order to assess the impact of each technology on the energy efficiency and environmental load of the system. The results showed that, although Treatment IIIa was effective in contaminant removal, the EIR increased to 0.18 and the ELR rose to 0.62, indicating a higher reliance on non-renewable inputs due to increased energy demand. However, Treatment IIIb, which combines electrocoagulation with eutrophic water, significantly improved the sustainability of the system, achieving an SI of 2.31 and an ELR of 1.22, reflecting a reduction in energy efficiency due to intensive use of external resources, but overall greater sustainability compared to the other scenarios. This research concludes that intermittent electrocoagulation, when integrated with synergistic resources like eutrophic water, can enhance contaminant removal efficiency and improve the use of renewable resources, minimizing environmental load and increasing the sustainability of wastewater treatment systems.

Sustainable Development in Rural Underserved Communities through Improved Responsible Management of Decentralized Wastewater Infrastructure: A Focus on the Alabama Black Belt.

Despite global efforts on meeting sustainable development goals by 2030, persistent and widespread sanitation deficits in rural, underserved communities in high-income countries─including the United States (US)─challenge achieving this target. The recent US federal infrastructure funding, coupled with research efforts to explore innovative, alternative decentralized wastewater systems, are unprecedented opportunities for addressing basic sanitation gaps in these communities. Yet, understanding how to best manage these systems for sustainable operations and maintenance (O&M) is still a national need. Here, we develop an integrated management approach for achieving such sustainable systems, taking into account the utility structure, operational aspects, and possible barriers impeding effective management of decentralized wastewater infrastructure. We demonstrate this approach through a binomial logistic regression of survey responses from 114 public and private management entities (e.g., water and sewer utilities) operating in 27 states in the US, targeting the rural Alabama Black Belt wastewater issues. Our assessment introduces policy areas that support sustainable decentralized wastewater systems management and operations, including privatizing water-wastewater infrastructure systems, incentivizing/mandating the consolidation of utility management of these systems, federally funding the O&M, and developing and retaining water-wastewater workforce in rural, underserved communities. Our discussions give rise to a holistic empirical understanding of effective management of decentralized wastewater infrastructure for rural, underserved communities in the US, thereby contributing to global conversations on sustainable development.

Wastewater flooding risk assessment for coastal communities: Compound impacts of climate change and population growth

The study introduces a wastewater modeling framework that evaluates the compound impacts of intense rainfall, groundwater infiltration, sewer aging based roughness and population growth on wastewater systems. It integrates property and city-level flooding risk assessment and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) capacity analysis into a single methodological approach. The framework applied to the coastal city of Charlottetown, whose population increased from 30,887 in 1981 to 42,440 in 2023, but the wastewater system did not expand accordingly, resulting in frequent sewer backups, street and basement flooding, as witnessed during the extreme wet weather event of September 2, 2021. Using PCSWMM (Personal Computer Storm Water Management Model), the study assessed that the city-wide wastewater flooding risk in Charlottetown, based on 2023 population data and historical IDF curves, affects 13.31% of the network during a 2-year storm and 18.38% during a 100-year storm. These risks increase to 14.5% and 22.6% under future IDF scenarios, reaching 17.89% and 26.4% by 2060 with projected population growth. The WWTP capacity is exceeded by 27.8% during peak wet weather flows from a 2-year storm and by 86.3% during a 100-year storm, based on 2023 population and historic IDFs. Under future IDF scenarios for 2060 population, exceedances rise to 103.6% and 169.1% respectively, for a 2-year and 100-year storm. Basement flooding risk affects 13.35% of basements during a 2-year storm and 18.31% during a 100-year storm, for 2023 population and historic IDFs. Future IDF scenarios indicate risk increasing to 17.77% and 25.80% by 2060 for a 2-year and 100-year storm respectively. The hydraulic modeling results indicate that GWI is not currently impacting the study area, nor is it expected to in near future, because the groundwater table is over 10 m deep, while wastewater pipes are no deeper than 6 m. The framework and study have significant social implications and benefits, including protecting public health, enhancing the resilience of urban infrastructure, and safeguarding the environment, ultimately improving the quality of life for residents in coastal communities like Charlottetown.