Waste Management Units Research Articles

Proposed Business Strategic Improvement to Accelerate Waste Management Business Unit at Building Materials Company (Case Study at Cement Inc)

The rising environmental concerns and regulatory measures in Indonesia have created new opportunities for the expansion of waste management services in the cement sector, specifically by utilizing thermal technology. The Waste Management Unit (WMU) of Cement Company presents substantial strategic opportunities for expansion and development. After undergoing a merger and acquisition, Cement Inc experienced a transformation and has now become a state-owned firm. This change offers WMU Cement Inc further opportunities for growth and expansion. The objective of this research is to identify the most effective strategy for the Waste Management Business Unit within the Cement Company using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The study explores three fundamental research question: (1) What is the current situation for WMU Cement Inc in terms of market, money, customer, and organization? (2) What are the obstacles inside the organization and in the external environment that hinder the acceleration of waste management services in Indonesia, resulting in limited value creation for the company? (3) What are the suggested recommendations and strategic choices for the company to enhance its value absorption? The study used the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) framework to perform a comprehensive evaluation and evaluate three strategic options for the waste management division: retaining it within the cement firm, expanding it to the cement group as a whole, or establishing it as an independent entity. The results of this study indicate that the most favorable choice (40.6%) is to establish WMU as a separate entity, which offers greater advantages compared to fully integrating with the parent company (30.9%) and keeping the current business operations (28.4%). By creating WMU as an independent organization, it may effectively avoid market and pricing cannibalization amongst its subsidiaries and optimize operations. WMU Cement Inc possesses the capacity to assume a leading role in waste management services by offering waste solutions to all SIG subsidiary plants and other cement makers, including ITP. The benefits of this method include autonomous operations, targeted management, rapid decision-making, and varied income streams achieved via the cultivation of specialized skills and expertise in waste management. This decision presents a chance to attract targeted investments and collaborations that promote innovation and expansion in waste management.

Perbaikan pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dan sampah kebun di Gampong Meunasah Papeun Kabupaten Aceh Besar [Improving household and garden waste management in Meunasah Papeun Village, Aceh Besar District

The waste problem in Aceh Besar District has been going on for quite some time now, which root cause can be tracked back to the lack of waste collection and treatment facilities compared to its residents’ waste growth. Therefore, the amount of untreated waste continues to increase. Meunasah Papeun Village as one of the villages in Aceh Besar District also faces the same problem, where the facilities and capacity of the Village Waste Management Unit (VWM) cannot keep up with the growth of residents' waste. Untreated waste ends up in illegal dumps or is burned by residents. This has reduced the comfort and quality of the village environment. In this Community Development Program (CDP), an approach was taken to reduce the waste that ended up in landfills through education and training on recycling and composting. The process sorted waste into three categories: organic, non-organic and residual waste. Some organic waste was composted and the rest became residue. Non-organic waste was sorted into recyclable and residual groups. This CDP was carried out in collaboration with Bank Sampah USK (BSU) to collect residents' recyclable waste. The residual was collected by VWM to be sent into the landfill. The residents who participated in these activities were able to cut their waste from a third to more than half. The extra money from recycling that was deposited into BSU was an additional advantage.

A Study on Waste Disposal Management at Government Hospital in Up

The management of waste disposal in government hospitals across Uttar Pradesh (UP) is a critical issue that significantly impacts public health and environmental sustainability. This research paper aims to explore the current state of waste disposal practices in these facilities, identifying challenges, and proposing sustainable solutions. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis with qualitative interviews to gather insights from hospital staff, waste management professionals, and local community members. Key findings reveal significant gaps in waste segregation, collection, transportation, and treatment processes, leading to improper waste disposal and potential health risks. The research also highlights the lack of awareness among hospital staff about the importance of waste segregation and the absence of effective policies to manage biomedical waste. Recommendations include the implementation of comprehensive waste management training programs for hospital staff, the establishment of dedicated waste management units within hospitals, and the promotion of community-based waste segregation initiatives. This study underscores the urgent need for improved waste disposal management in government hospitals in UP to safeguard public health and the environment.

Training and Assistance of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) Financial Reporting in Kekeri Village, West Lombok

Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) Inti Sejahtera is located in Kekeri Village, Gunungsari, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. It has three activity units, including a waste management unit, a development unit, and a trade unit. Of the three existing units, only the waste management unit operates adequately and generates regular income for BUMDes. BUMDes encounters issues in terms of financial management and preparing financial reports that are transparent and adhere to accounting principles. Transaction recording is still conducted manually, hence posing challenges in preparing the necessary financial reports. On the other hand, BUMDes funding comes from PADes, so BUMDes must provide financial reports to the village government as a form of accountability. This community service aims to resolve financial management limitations at BUMDes Inti Sejahtera by providing training and assistance to managers regarding the preparation of BUMDes financial reports. The method carried out is identifying problems in BUMDes (pre-training stage), then providing practical training and assistance in preparing financial reports according to accounting principles using the Microsoft Excel Macro application, which is adapted to BUMDES transaction accounts, as well as conducting evaluation reviews and monitoring of reports prepared by the manager. The outcome of this activity is that BUMDes managers acquire the capability to independently enter transactions and make account adjustments. Furthermore, the results suggest that BUMDes managers possess the necessary knowledge and skills to prepare financial reports in accordance with accounting principles by utilizing the Microsoft Excel macro-application. It can be concluded that BUMDes Inti Sejahtera managers can improve their accounting skills and use technological information to prepare and present BUMDes financial reports.

Environmental safety from radioactive radiation perspective-A preliminary research

A preliminary cum. exploratory research is carried out to explore the few selected areas within Chandigarh to introspect our living and surrounding environmental conditions that whether it’s safe from radiation perspective or not. The radiation here in this paper signifies the highly energetic radioactive radiation emitted from inside the nucleus. The motivation for performing this work is to ensure the safety of living beings from the radioactive exposure. Effects of the radiation, especially in case of prolonged exposure, can be extremely dangerous or even fatal in near future if its dose limit exceeds than permissible limits. This brief investigation accounts for the background radiation manifested from natural radioactivity in building materials like gray cement or paint samples of various kinds. The study is also carried out at some critical spots in the Chandigarh city like hospitals which have radiology and radiotherapy centres, such as educational institutions (physics and chemistry labs), waste management unit, dumping ground etc. Radiation sensitive G.M counter apparatus have been used to analyse the presence and account for the presence of radiations persisting in that particular area. Henceforth, to acknowledge the radiation levels with a gas filled detection system (G.M. Counter) for that an optimal value of operating voltage is figured out. A preliminary investigation has revealed that the radiation counts/minute observed by us in the selected zones and spots is well within the permissible limits. A much systematic study with more accurate devices especially in the radiation prone areas of the country is highly required.

Oxidation method using H2O2 on leachate from wastewater treatment plant inlet of Bantargebang integrated waste processing unit

Leachate produced from old landfills has a low level of biodegradability making it suitable for physico-chemical treatment. Low level of biodegradability is characterized by a concentration ratio of BOD5/COD ≤ 0.1. The leachate at the Bantargebang Integrated Waste Management Unit (UPST) has a BOD5/COD concentration ratio of 0.05. The current state of processing leachate at a wastewater treatment plant (IPAS) employs biological processing technology. This research uses inlet leachate from IPAS 3 UPST Bantargebang, with a batch system reactor. The reactor is a glass beaker with capacity of 1 L, operated using a magnetic stirrer with a stirring speed of 200 rpm. The reactor is covered with aluminum foil to prevent oxidation caused by light. The dosage used is based on H2O2/COD concentration ratios, which are 1.0625 and 2.125. Reactions time applied are 60 minutes and 180 minutes. The initial pH levels of the leachate used are 5, 6, 7 and 8. The variations which has optimum values are at pH 6, H2O2/COD 2.125, and a 60-minutes reaction time, resulting in average color removal, BOD5, COD, TSS, TN, and H2O2 reacted by 65%.

Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food Waste and Polylactic Acid

Bioplastics are frequently utilized in daily life, particularly for food packaging and carrier bags. They can be delivered to biogas plants through a separate collection of the organic fraction of municipal waste (OFMSW). The increased demand for and use of bioplastics aimed at mitigating plastic pollution raises significant questions concerning their life cycle and compatibility with waste management units. Anaerobic digestion (AD) in OFMSW is a valuable resource for biogas production. In this work, the valorization of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) composed of food waste within the Biowaste to Bioplastic (B2B) Project framework was studied in laboratory and pilot-scale anaerobic liquid conditions. Taking into account that the addition of PLLA to biowaste can increase biogas production, we performed laboratory-scale anaerobic tests on food waste enriched with different molecular-weight PLLAs produced from food waste or commercial PLLA at a mesophilic temperature of 37 °C. PLLA with the highest molecular weight was subjected to AD on the pilot scale to further validate our findings. The addition of PLLA increased biogas production and had no apparent negative impact on the operation of the reactors used in the laboratory or on the pilot scale. Biogas production was higher when using PLLA with the lowest molecular weight. In the pilot-scale experiments, co-digestion of FW with PLLA increased biogas production by 1.1 times. When PLLA was added to the feed, biomethane was 8% higher, while volatile solids (VS) and total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) removal were almost the same. Importantly, no effect was observed in the operation of the digesters.

A Complex Brownfields Case Study—The Former Bannister Federal Complex, Kansas City, Missouri

AbstractIn November 2017, 225 acres (91 ha) of the former Bannister Federal Complex (BFC) in Kansas City, Missouri were transferred from the Federal Government to Bannister Transformation & Development, LLC (BTD), for demolition; environmental corrective measures; and preparation of the site for redevelopment. This presented a once‐in‐a‐lifetime opportunity to reconfigure groundwater remedies and address long‐standing soil contamination issues. The property included more than 40 previously‐identified Solid Waste Management Units, 3.9 million square feet (362,000 m2) of buildings, subsurface utilities dating back to the 1940s, and an active groundwater containment system. Demolition of buildings and installation of an interim groundwater containment system began almost immediately after property transfer. In 2018, BTD substantially modified its project schedule to incorporate the construction of the first new buildings while demolition and remedial activities were ongoing. By October 2020, construction of the first new warehouse commenced while excavation and capping of contaminated soils, installation of a groundwater containment treatment systems, and abandonment of legacy utilities were still underway. Completion of this work, within the originally planned timeframe, was made possible by factors including up‐front multi‐year funding, early and ongoing engagement of regulators, an extended 3‐year due diligence program and planning stage, and establishment of well‐defined environmental targets. Both the soil and groundwater remedies were also designed with the flexibility needed to accommodate unknown conditions, changing schedules, and revisions to the regrading and redevelopment plans. This case study highlights key technical and management factors that led to the successful completion of this complex brownfields remediation project.

The Impact of Christian Leadership on PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk

Leaders play a vital role in a company. The success or failure of a company is greatly influenced by the leadership style adopted in the Company. This research is field research with a qualitative approach. The method used in this study is the method of interviews and observation or observation. Harmony occurred between the Company and the assisted villages around the cement factory of PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. Palimanan unit, which in the previous era of Leadership did not occur within the scope of the CSR program. The changes that have occurred and can be seen are the increasing relations with the assisted villages within the assisted area of P.T. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa. Tbk Palimanan unit, and the maximum reactivation of UPS (Waste Management Unit) BUMDes (Village Owned Enterprises) West Palimanan. Combining the Democratic Leadership Style and Christian Leadership is applied to solve existing problems. Success in the era of Christian Leadership in PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. is inseparable from divine Influence, namely the factor of God's intervention in an individual's life. God's intervention aims to shape the individual into a leader with full capacity by using self, other people, special events, and the individual leader's response to what she is experiencing.

PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PUPUK KOMPOS DARI LIMBAH SAMPAH ORGANIK DI DESA KERTAWANGI MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI KONSORSIUM MIKRO ORGANISME LOKAL (MOL) BIO COMPOUND

Communities in Desa Kertawangi have a problem managing organic waste from plantation products. However, this case has become the subject of discussion among researchers, communities, and related stakeholders about how to speed up the process of producing compost from organic waste. The technology solution is to utilize the local micro-organism consortium (MOL) to accelerate the decomposition process of organic waste. After the demonstration, the community was enthusiastic about using it. The village's organic waste management unit has utilized this for composting the organic waste.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN BUMDES DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI DESA BANGUNREJO KABUPATEN KENDAL

This research was conducted in Bangunrejo Village, Patebon District, Kendal Regency. This study aims to determine how the implementation of Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) policies in Bangunrejo Village, Kendal Regency. in the process of a good waste management unit and have carried out the correct procedures so that in the future they can turn the waste management unit into waste processing to improve the economy of the people of Bangunrejo Village. Therefore, research related to policy implementation at BUMDes Bangun Karya was carried out. This study uses Mariiee S. Grindle's theory of policy implementation, namely implementation which is influenced by two variables, namely the policy content variable (content) and the policy environment (context). The data collection techniques are observation and interviews which are then processed and analyzed qualitatively. In collecting interview data, it was carried out in Bangunrejo Village, Kendal Regency. The results of this study are: (1) the driving and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the BUMDes policy of the waste management unit are still constrained by the limited tools needed for good waste management in order to improve the community's economy (2) The role of the community is very important in the success of the BUMDes waste management unit so that can improve the economy of the community and village

A Survey on Household Solid Waste Management in Trivandrum City, India

A properly managed effective waste management program will increase the health and environmental quality of the country. This survey examines the standing of Solid Waste Management unit level in Trivandrum Corporation and to understand the amount of awareness of people about the environmental and health hazards related to confused management of solid waste. A self-administered Google form was used for primary information covering Trivandrum town. Information was analyzed as per the descriptive statistics. The common waste varieties embody food, paper and carton, plastic (bag/bottles) metal, fiber bags, glass, and batteries. Different ways of organic waste disposal were composting (47%) and burning (4.8%). Compost bins were standard among 47% households. However, the results additionally showed that 26% households weren’t conscious of waste employment, recycle and reduction. Suggestions created by the respondents to carry out good waste management that embody composting and economical waste separation.

Identification of Waste Processing Methods in Bersinar Waste Bank Bandung, West Java

Bersinar waste bank is one of the waste management units in Bandung. The Bersinar waste bank is a solution to reduce waste generation at the sarimukti TPA, Bandung. Waste managed by Bersinar waste bank is in the form of organic and inorganic waste. This study aims to identify the methods of processing waste and processing products at the bersinar waste bank in Bandung. This research is qualitative research. The stages of this research are problem identification, literature review, determination of research aims and objectives, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, and reporting. This research data collection is divided into two, namely primary data (observation) and secondary data obtained from books or scientific journals (literature review). The results of the identification of waste processing methods at the bersinar waste bank can be concluded that the bersinar waste bank uses physical, biological, and thermal methods. The first method to reduce waste is to process organic waste using maggot technology as a decomposer of organic waste into compost. the second method is the use of a bottle press to produce a cube of bottle waste. The third method is processing used baby diaper waste using a hydrothermal reactor machine and processing it into fibre to produce pock brick.

Investigating the Valorisation of Refused Derived Fuel for Energetic Uses Through Its Co-Gasification with Woody Wastes

The present study aimed to investigate the valorization of Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) produced from solid waste management units for energetic uses, through its co-gasification with agricultural or forest wastes and carbon dioxide agents. Experiments were conducted using a fixed bed reactor and a thermal analysis system. The thermal behavior, the reactivity, the conversion, and the cold gas efficiency up to 950°C were evaluated based on the structural characteristics and inherent minerals of

Validation of a free release measurement facility on a decommissioning site

The paper summarizes measurements and the Monte Carlo simulations performed to adapt the high purity germanium (HPGe) detectors of the system to the particular tasks of the decommissioning site. The work carried out for the installation and adaptation in CIEMAT of the prototype ‘SuperMum’, developed in the framework of the European MetroDecom II project for segregation and declassification of materials is described. The activities related to the validation of the prototype for the specific needs of a real Waste Management Unit are presented.Monte Carlo models of the SuperMum have been developed at CIEMAT and CMI using different codes and adapted to the geometries used (big-bag containers with the material volume of up to 0.5 m3). Uncertainty budget reporting tailored for the possible deviations between Monte Carlo assumptions and real waste have been analyzed.Data for several filling levels and activity distributions have been measured with reference sources and a good agreement has been obtained with calculated values.

Efficient Waste Management System for Underprivileged Communities

Nowadays due to increasing population the communities have also increased several times. Due to this the amount of waste generated has also increased. Proper management systems although available in metropolitan cities are generally missing from towns and villages. Therefore a proper management is required to tackle problems with waste dumping systems in those areas. Out of several available ways we in this project are dealing the above mentioned problem with the help of web based management system which would help in maintain schedule and lodging complaints regarding the waste collection from the houses that belong to these underprivileged communities. This system is developed using React Js and asynchronous scripting with javascript at backend to ensure efficient working of servers and interaction with database. With the help of this project the process of waste collection will monitored and managed very efficiently by the waste management units of the local government in India.

Status of Infection Prevention and Control in Selected Hospitals in Sierra Leone

Background: Improved infection prevention and control (IPC) reduces healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Following the Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa (2014–2016), Sierra Leone made substantial investments in strengthening IPC in health facilities. The WHO identified 8 core components of IPC and developed an accompanying assessment framework (IPCAF) to monitor IPC capacity and progress. The IPCAF reflects the 8 WHO core components of IPC. The core component constitute a consistent universal outline that supports guidance to healthcare decision makers and service providers at national and international levels. We conducted an in-depth assessment of IPC practices in Sierra Leone using the IPCAF tool. Methods: This assessment was conducted in in July 2019 over a 2-week period. Data were collected through interview with IPC focal persons as well as observations and corroboration of document and immediate feedback on findings given to facilities through brief exit meetings. All areas of the facility were assessed (ie, all wards, operation theatres, laboratories maternity units, sterile service departments, waste management units, etc). The main objective was to identify the gaps and challenges faced by health facilities. Each component was scored based on the responses and observations, with the scores ranging from zero to 100 and the maximum score was 800. The IPCAF allocated hospitals to 4 different “IPC levels”: inadequate, basic, intermediate, and advanced. Results: Moreover, 13 hospitals were assessed, including 12 primary level hospitals and 1 secondary level hospital. The median score was 367. 5 (IQR, 110), which corresponds to a basic level of IPC. Primary-level hospitals scored higher (median, 373; IQR, 112.5) compared to secondary-level hospitals (median, 280; IQR, 0). The lowest score was in healthcare-associated infection surveillance (median, 0; IQR, 5), and the highest score was in the built environment, availability of materials, and equipment to support IPC (median, 62.5; IQR, 22.5). Conclusions: The assessment provides a baseline of the status of IPC in Sierra Leone in the post-EVD period using the IPCAF tool. These results can be used to guide healthcare facilities and policy makers in developing strategies for IPC quality improvement projects to improve low-performing healthcare facilities. Significant gaps were observed in key IPC areas, especially in secondary-level health facilities. There is need to establish national surveillance for healthcare-associated infections, to institutionalize monitoring of IPC practices, and to ensure an appropriate staffing–workload ratio in health facilities.Funding: NoneDisclosures:If I am presenting research funded by a commercial company, the information presented will be based on generally accepted scientific principals and methods, and will not promote the commercial interest of the Funding: company. DisagreeAnna MarutaIf I am discussing specific healthcare products or services, I will use generic names to extent possible. If I need to use trade names, I will use trade names from several companies when available, and not just trade names from any single company.DisagreeChristiana Kallon

A Review of Institutional Frameworks & Financing Arrangements for Waste Management in Nigerian Cities

Nigeria is rapidly urbanizing and is forecasted to become the 3rd most urbanized nation by 2100. Expectedly, the rapid urbanization presents challenges in many areas including the management of municipal services such as solid waste. This yawning failure is reflected in the poor quality of waste services across Nigerian cities. The study reviewed municipal waste management governance and institutional frameworks, and financing arrangements in two major cities in the North-western and south-eastern parts of Nigeria—Kano and Enugu cities. Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) using a number of structured questions checklist were conducted for the Heads of Government institutions responsible for waste management, Public Appropriation/Budget and Finance Units, as well as other key stakeholders including waste generators (residents and business owners), waste pickers and informal waste recyclers, and waste service providers. Additional, existing policy frameworks and infrastructure financing were reviewed. The findings reveal institutional and policy inadequacies, financing limitations, technical incapacity, infrastructural inadequacies, and socio-economic and attitudinal barriers, that collectively impede effective and efficient waste management service delivery in both cities. The assumption is that the findings of this study reflects the status in many Nigerian cities.

METODE CONTROL CHART DAN FISHBONE TERHADAP PRODUK POWER HOUSE PADA UNIT PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH TERPADU LINGKUNGAN HIDUP PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA

This Study aims to control the quality of power house production found in the Bantar Gebang Integrated Waste Management Unit (UPST). The Problem Faced is that there is still damage to the intercooler due to water entering the pipeline, so there is damage to the engine so that methane can not be produced into electricity. The method used is a statistical method and a quality control tool that is seven tools. The statiscal tools used in this study are : control charts and cause and effect diagram (fish bone).

Solid Waste Reduction Through 3R-Based Waste Management Unit and Waste Bank in Indonesia in 2018

In Indonesia, waste reduction program done at the community level, through 3R-based waste management(TPS3R) unit and waste bank, has a national target of 30% in the period of 2017-2025 under PresidentialRegulation No.97 Year 2017. An effective waste reduction effort can be measured by two main indicators,first is the percentage of recycled waste, and other indicator related to legal, financial, service coverage,and community participation. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of solid waste reduction throughTPS3R and waste bank services in three cities, Depok, Bogor, and South Tangerang. A cross-sectional studywas done collecting data from multiple sources namely municipality’s record, regional policy, and officialgovernment news. The results showed that the percentage of effectiveness of waste reduction to landfill inthree cities has not reached the national target, which was still below 5%. The highest effectiveness of wastereduction by TPS3R and waste bank was achieved by Depok which has 3R related local regulation. The citywith largest budgeting allocation for solid waste management was Depok. YetBogor with a budget allocationof 2.2% could achieve the value of half effectiveness of Depok. South Tangerang with the best coverage ofTPS3R unit services has the lowest effectiveness value despite its high Human Development Index (HDI)value. Likewise, TPS3R services had higher effectiveness for reducing waste than the waste bank.