Waste Management Efforts Research Articles

Digital Governance and Electronic Waste Management at Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul – Brazil

The Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) has the Information and Communication Technology Master Plan (PDTIC) to guide and monitor the performance of the Information Technology (IT) area within the institution. The IT area at UFMS has the Digital Governance Committee (CGD), responsible for drafting the Information Security Policy (PSI); the Information and Communication Technology Procurement Plan (PCTIC); the Open Data Plan (PDA); and the University's PDTIC. In addition to the Information and Communication Technology Agency (AGETIC), which is responsible for coordinating, guiding, supervising, executing, and controlling the organization's IT activities. This work aims to demonstrate that sustainability is part of both Digital Governance and the curriculum of UFMS students, focusing on the management of Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) within the University. The UFMS Solid Waste and Health Services Management Plan (PGRS/PGRSS) outlines guidelines for the management of these materials, and annually, since 2017, the Faculty of Computing (FACOM) at UFMS organizes the Electronic Waste Collection Week, a project aimed at raising awareness among the academic community about disposal, reuse, and recycling, helping to conserve the environment. This action assists in the education of these students by making them protagonists in this initiative. In each edition hundreds of electronic devices have been reused by students and community, serving as an example of socio-environmental impact action. The methodology employed by UFMS to organize and advance electronic waste management efforts involved the establishment of digital governance regulations, along with sustainability management and governance practices, in order to structure and promote electronic waste management actions at UFMS.

Who addresses pollution? Relationships among actors and grant money for waste management efforts in remote Alaskan communities

This study discusses waste-related issues in remote Alaskan villages, focusing on the relationships between the support providers, such as government officials and nonprofits, and the indigenous people, from the perspective of self-determination. With the increasing volume and variety of waste generated by recent lifestyle changes, health and environmental issues have become growing concerns. Each village is responsible for waste management and operating a disposal site. However, challenges exist regarding the current waste management regime, highlighting the importance of grant-funded initiatives and support from non-profit organizations. Based on interviews with supporters and observations of the negotiation process between supporters and indigenous people, this study analyzes the grants and collaborative efforts in Alaska. Through grants and collaborative initiatives, the assimilation of indigenous people into mainstream society is inevitable, although efforts to respect indigenous self-determination and communication are ongoing and serve as a framework for bridging the gap between the waste regime and status quo. However, two unsolved issues remain: the “support-in-waiting” dilemma, and the issues arising from the social, economic, and geographical diversity among settlements. The balance between respect for self-determination in environmental governance and provision of support extending beyond equality of opportunity will be the key to future relationships.

Micro-wave induced pyrolysis of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and biodegradation of resulting wax in soil and by defined microbial consortia is closing the loop towards LDPE upcycling

Plastic has become essential in daily life, replacing traditional materials like glass and wood due to its flexibility, durability, strength, and cost-effectiveness. However, the global plastic production surged to nearly 400 million tons in 2020, causing significant environmental accumulation. Polyethylene (PE), a ubiquitous polymer, poses recycling challenges due to its stability and widespread use in layered products, contributing to long-term pollution. This study focuses on PE degradation challenges, advocating for integrated chemical and biological treatments. Chemical methods like pyrolysis show promise but aren't fully eco-friendly. Microwave-induced pyrolysis emerges as a viable alternative, offering faster, targeted heating with lower energy consumption. Using microwave-absorbent materials such as silicon carbide, this method efficiently breaks down even challenging low-density PE (LDPE), yielding wax products of 68–91 % yield, with reduced molecular weight suitable for further biological degradation. Biodegradation experiments demonstrated over 95 % degradation by defined microbial consortia and considerable degradation in soil without bioaugmentation. The Rhodococcus consortium showed exceptional potential, degrading 90 % of LDPE-wax as a carbon source within 28 days, particularly strain CHBE-144 achieving 98 % degradation in just 14 days. Genomic analysis revealed enzymes crucial for alkane and plastic breakdown, with strains capable of producing biosurfactants, suggesting up-cycling potential for PE-derived materials into value-added products. Integrating microwave-induced pyrolysis with microbial biodegradation offers a promising pathway for managing PE waste sustainably, potentially reducing environmental impact while creating valuable resources from plastic waste. Further research is warranted to optimize these processes and scale them for practical application in waste management and resource recovery efforts globally.

Evaluation of Solid Waste Produced in Garowe District Somalia

Historically, waste management in Garowe District was marked by traditional practices driven by necessity rather than environmental consciousness, the aim of the study was to evaluate solid waste produced in the district while the specific objectives were to identify the composition and quantity of biodegradable waste generated the Garowe District, to assess the types and quantities of non-biodegradable waste produced in Garowe District and also To evaluate the existing waste management practices in the district. The study employed mixed methods. Copies of questionnaires were administered to 388 households and interviews conducted with 5 key informants to assess solid waste composition, quantities, handling practices, and management gaps. The study found food scraps constitute the majority of biodegradable waste generated in households, while plastics dominate the non-biodegradable waste stream. On average, household waste generation exceeds 1 kg per day, and municipal collection services only reach a portion of district residence. Existing waste management efforts focus primarily on collection and disposal with minimal infrastructure for material recovery, recycling or composting. While most residents express willingness to separate organic waste, few households implement home composting due to knowledge gaps and space constraints. The findings reveal significant potential to improve waste management sustainability by reducing disposal volumes and introducing programs to divert organics and recyclables from dumping sites. Key recommendations include public education, expanding source segregation, constructing composting and recycling facilities, and better integrating the informal recycling sector. The study provides important baseline data to inform integrated municipal solid waste management planning aligned with local needs while minimizing environmental and public health impacts. KEYWORDS: Waste management, Garowe District, Municipal solid waste, Household waste, Somalia

Solid waste management awareness and practices in coastal communities

Effective solid waste management (SWM) is paramount for environmental sustainability and public health, particularly in coastal communities. This cross-sectional descriptive study determines SWM awareness and practices among 399 households in selected coastal barangays in the City of Mati, Davao Oriental, Philippines. Employing a structured four-point Likert-type survey through KoboCollect applications, this study evaluates SWM awareness and practices while examining the impact of socio-demographic factors on these aspects. The results reveal moderate SWM awareness (X̄=2.55) and practices (X̄=2.66) in these coastal communities, indicating a baseline level of environmental consciousness and waste management efforts. However, there was lack of familiarity with legal and regulatory frameworks (X̄=1.97), including the Republic Act 9003 and local ordinances related to SWM. Notable gaps are also identified in SWM practices, mainly in waste segregation (X̄ = 2.55) and avoidance to waste-burning (X̄=2.56). Socio-demographic factors, such as age, educational attainment, household size, and family income, significantly influence SWM awareness and practices. These findings underscore the need for targeted educational campaigns and community engagement strategies to enhance awareness of SWM regulations. Addressing these gaps is necessary for developing effective interventions to promote sustainable waste management practices in these coastal areas, thus protecting marine ecosystems and supporting the well-being of local communities.

Policy implications for the nexus of climate change and gender-based issues in Thailand: case study of waste management

This perspective engages in the complex connections between environmental challenges and gender-based issues in Thailand, revealing a critical intersection that demands immediate attention. This perspective unveils persistent disparities within the environmental realm, particularly in waste management. The perspective advocates for a comprehensive, sustainable strategy to effectively address these challenges. By dissecting the nexus of environmental and gender concerns, the perspective highlights the urgency of dismantling gender-related disparities within waste management and broader environmental conservation efforts. The proposed policy reforms and recommendations underpin the necessity of a holistic approach, integrating cultural shifts and community empowerment initiatives. This perspective envisions a more equitable future, emphasising the imperative of safeguarding both men’s and women’s active participation and benefit in environmental conservation endeavours.

Response surface methodology-based preparation of sago starch bioplastic film for food packaging

The increase in the use of plastics during the past few decades has caused environmental pollution due to the non-biodegradable and recalcitrance nature of the plastics. This has caused great problems for the solid waste management efforts. The development of biodegradable polymers from natural and renewable ingredients can address the challenges caused by plastic pollution. The present work deals with the optimization of the preparation process of sago starch-based biodegradable bioplastic films. The sago starch, glycerol-sorbitol mixture, and chitosan were used as polysaccharides, plasticizers, and antimicrobial agents, respectively. The factors screening and design optimization were performed using response surface methodology and Box-Behnken Design to investigate the interactions between all components in the film preparation. Furthermore, the developed bioplastic films were characterized through field emission scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antimicrobial susceptibility assay showed the inhibition of the growth of Bacillus pumilus and Alcaligenes faecalis XF1 by incorporation of cinnamon essential oil into the film. Moreover, the developed films successfully reduced the proliferation of fungal growth on packaged bread samples. The microbial analysis found that the shelf life of the wheat bread was improved from 3 to 15 days. The sago starch bioplastic films developed in this study can potentially meet the requirements for food packaging films.

Analysis of MEP Work Waste Management Efforts in Building Construction Projects in Jakarta Greater Area

Analysis of MEP Work Waste Management Efforts in Building Construction Projects in Jakarta Greater Area

Characterization of waste composition as a basis for developing a community-based 3R TPS system in waste management efforts in Pandansari Lor Village, Malang Regency

Background: The issue of waste management has become a major concern in many regions, including Pandansari Lor Village, Malang Regency. To address this challenge, it is necessary to develop an effective waste management system that involves the active participation of the community. This study aims to determine the waste composition in Pandansari Lor Village as a basis for developing a 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) Transfer Station (TPS) system that is tailored to the needs of the community. Method: The research methodology includes primary data collection through sampling and analysis of waste composition, as well as secondary data collection from relevant sources. Findings: The results show that the waste composition in Pandansari Lor Village is dominated by organic waste, including food waste (58.42%) and garden waste (3.84%), followed by plastic waste (26.74%), paper waste (5.89%), and other types of waste. Conclusion: These findings provide valuable insights for the design and implementation of a community-based 3R TPS system that can effectively manage the waste generated in the village. The proposed system aims to maximize resource recovery, reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills, and promote sustainable waste management practices within the community. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study develops a waste disposal model tailored to the specific waste composition of the village, focusing on processing organic waste into high-quality compost and recycling plastic into products of economic value. The model also integrates a community-based education system to increase participation in waste sorting at source.

Unveiling the efficiency of peanut shell-derived porous composite for water denitrification: Characterization, kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies

This research investigated the valorization of peanut shell (PS) waste to produce a ZnO-modified activated carbon composite ZnO@PS-AC for water denitrification. The composite was synthesized through chemical activation with ZnCl₂ followed by pyrolysis at 700 °C. Characterization techniques revealed a highly porous structure with over 79 % carbon content and successful ZnO formation, indicating the effectiveness of the synthesis process. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate nitrate removal under various conditions. The adsorption process demonstrated rapid kinetics, reaching equilibrium within 60 min. Isotherm studies showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 17.9 mg/g, while kinetic analysis revealed significant nitrate removal within the first 5 min. Phenomenological modelling suggested that adsorption onto active sites was the rate-limiting step in the process. Thermodynamic analysis indicated an exothermic, physical adsorption process, providing insights into the nature of the nitrate-adsorbent interactions. The study highlights ZnO@PS-AC’s potential as an eco-friendly, cost-effective adsorbent for nitrate removal from water. Its porous structure facilitates rapid uptake and efficient removal, making it a promising solution for water treatment applications. These findings demonstrate the viability of valorizing agricultural waste into effective water treatment materials, contributing to both waste management and environmental remediation efforts.

Analysis of waste generation characteristics as a reference for TPS 3R planning in community-based waste management efforts in Pandansari Lor Village, Malang Regency

Background: Waste management is a critical issue in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas like Pandansari Lor Village in Malang Regency. Improper waste disposal practices, such as open burning and dumping in rivers, pose environmental and health hazards. This study aims to analyze the waste generation characteristics in Pandansari Lor Village as a baseline for planning a community-based Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3R) waste processing site (TPS 3R). Method: A waste sampling method was conducted following the SNI 19-3964-1994 guidelines to measure the waste generation rate, density, and composition. Findings: The results showed that the average waste generation rate in Pandansari Lor Village was 0.16 kg/person/day or 778.72 kg/day for the total population, with a waste density of 74.02 kg/m³. The waste composition was dominated by organic waste (62.26%), followed by plastic (26.74%), paper (5.89%), and other components. These findings suggest the need for a 3R-based waste management system that involves community participation. Conclusion: The TPS 3R facility should be designed to handle the projected waste generation for the next 10 years, with a capacity of 15,438 L/day. Proper waste segregation, composting of organic waste, and recycling of plastic and other recyclable materials are recommended. This study provides valuable insights for developing a sustainable and effective waste management strategy in rural areas, considering the specific waste characteristics and community involvement. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study proposes a 3R TPS model adapted to rural waste, focusing on organic waste composting and plastic recycling. This model is designed to increase community participation in waste management through community-based education and empowerment.

Analysis of Environmental Communication in Waste Management Efforts in Palu

Analysis of Environmental Communication in Waste Management Efforts in Palu

The Empowering Marine Tourism in Indonesia Through the Crucial Role of BUMDES

This study examines the role of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) in developing the Tlocor Marine Tourism Village in Indonesia. Through qualitative research, including interviews, observations, and document analysis, the research highlights BUMDES Mitra Abadi's impact across economic, social, environmental, cultural, and political dimensions. Key findings show that BUMDES has significantly improved local economic conditions, promoted community involvement, enhanced environmental awareness, and strengthened cultural activities. However, challenges such as limited private investment and insufficient government support persist. The study underscores the need for continued backing from both the government and private sector to ensure sustainable tourism development in Tlocor. Highlights: 1. Economic Impact: BUMDES boosts local economies through community-based tourism.2. Community Involvement: Promotes social cohesion via diverse age group participation.3. Environmental Awareness: Enhances waste management and conservation efforts. Keywords: BUMDES, Tlocor Marine Tourism, community development, sustainable tourism, Indonesia

Analysis of Waste Management and Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction (Case Study: Adiwiyata School SMPN 18 Surabaya and Non-Adiwiyata School SMPN 31 Surabaya)

In Surabaya, a city program named "Perilaku dan Berbudaya Lingkungan Hidup di Sekolah" (PBLHS), or Environmental Behavior and Culture in Schools, specifically targets Adiwiyata schools to promote sustainable practices. However, not all schools participate in this initiative. Non-Adiwiyata schools typically send their waste to the Final Waste Processing Site (TPA), which exacerbates the load on these facilities and contributes to increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aims to compare waste management and GHG reduction efforts between Adiwiyata and non-Adiwiyata schools in Surabaya. We conducted sampling at one Adiwiyata school and one non-Adiwiyata school, analyzing waste generation and management strategies using the SNI 19-3964-1994 method. Our findings reveal that Adiwiyata schools generate less waste, with an average of 0.0103 kg/person/day, compared to 0.0155 kg/person/day at non-Adiwiyata schools. Furthermore, the organic waste composition was significantly lower in Adiwiyata schools at 2.08%, versus 33% in non-Adiwiyata schools. Methane (CH4) emissions from Adiwiyata schools were also lower, measuring 0.123 Gg/year, as opposed to 0.405 Gg/year from non-Adiwiyata schools. These disparities in waste output, organic waste composition, and GHG emissions are significantly influenced by the environmental knowledge, attitudes, and practices within the school communities.

Microencapsulation of peanut skin polyphenols for shelf life improvement of sunflower seeds.

Derived from industrial processing waste, peanut skins contain polyphenols that delay oxidative food spoilage. However, these compounds are susceptible to light, heat, and oxygen exposure. Microencapsulation provides a solution by offering protection from these factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of peanut skin extract microcapsules on the chemical, microbiological, and sensory property and shelf life of sunflower seeds during storage. Five roasted sunflower seed samples were prepared: control (S-C); added with butylhydroxytoluene (S-BHT); coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (S-CMC); coated with CMC and the addition of peanut skin crude extract (S-CMC-CE); coated with CMC and the addition of microcapsules (S-CMC-M20). Sensory acceptability was determined using hedonic testing. Chemical (peroxide value, conjugated dienes, hexanal and nonanal content, and fatty acid profile), microbiological, and descriptive analyses were carried out on samples stored for 45 days at room temperature. Shelf life was calculated using a simple linear regression. All samples were microbiologically fit for human consumption and accepted by consumer panelists, scoring above five points on the nine-point hedonic scale. S-CMC-M20 exhibited the lowest peroxide value (6.59meqO2/kg) and hexanal content (0.4µg/g) at the end of the storage. Estimated shelf life showed that S-MC-M20 (76.3 days) extended its duration nearly ninefold compared to S-C (8.3 days) and doubled that of S-CMC-CE (37.5 days). This indicates a superior efficacy of microencapsulated extract compared to its unencapsulated form, presenting a promising natural strategy for improving the shelf life of analogous food items. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Incorporating peanut skin extract microcapsules in coating sunflower seeds presents a promising strategy to extend the shelf life of lipid-rich foods, capitalizing on the antioxidant properties of polyphenols. This innovative approach not only enhances nutritional quality but also addresses sustainability concerns by repurposing agro-industrial byproducts, such as peanut skins. By meeting consumer demand for functional foods with added health benefits, this technique offers potential opportunities for the development of novel, value-added food products while contributing to circular economy principles and waste management efforts.

Dynamic systems analysis of waste generation in Banda Aceh: a comprehensive evaluation

Abstract Many researchers state that municipal waste management is a city service that must be provided effectively to all residents to achieve prosperity because this problem has been considered a serious problem facing cities. One alternative to look at the waste problem is to evaluate the waste management system using a dynamic system model. The research aims to evaluate the conditions of waste generation in order to optimize waste management efforts in Banda Aceh. A simulation model was conducted in this research based on a dynamic system using Powersim and Stella software. The treatment carried out include collecting primary and secondary data, creating Causal Loop Diagrams and Stock Flow Diagrams, as well as simulations of waste generation based on existing data spanning the years 2017 to 2022. Results show that Banda Aceh City’s waste generation continues to increase with exponential growth behavior during 2017-2022. Simulation results show that in 2030, this waste will reach 255,043 tons with a waste generation rate of 0.63761 tons per year. Results of dynamic system modeling show a sustainable increase in waste production caused by an increase in population. Model validation analysis shows that AVE and MAVE values obtained were 0.0037 and 0.0631, respectively. These results were considered acceptable since they were both less than 10%.

AHP TOPSIS Analysis in Selecting Waste Processing Technology Based on Energy Justice

The amount of waste in Bantul Regency increased by 4.96% from 2020 to 2021, indicating that the capacity of final disposal sites (FDS) in Piyungan District, Bantul Regency, was decreasing. The peak occurred from 23 July 2023 to 5 September 2023, during which the Piyungan FDS could not provide waste disposal services. The high poverty rate in Bantul Regency forces the government to process waste into energy as a sustainable waste management effort. However, numerous criteria make it difficult to determine which technology is most suitable for this purpose. Energy justice criteria need to be considered when choosing technology and efforts to improve the welfare of Bantul Regency's residents. This research aimed to present an assessment of each alternative technology for processing waste into energy and decide one suitable alternative for sustainable waste management in Bantul Regency using a combination of AHP and TOPSIS methods based on energy justice. AHP was used to assess the level of importance of each criterion, while TOPSIS was used to determine the optimal alternative based on the criteria by considering costs and benefits. The findings showed that the preference value for three alternatives was 0.579, 0.414, and 0.341 for incineration, pyrolysis, and gasification, respectively. According to these preference value, incineration was identified as the foremost viable alternative technology for implementation in Bantul Regency. Gasification and pyrolysis ranked as the subsequent and third alternatives, respectively.

Study of Different Method of Plastic Waste Management in the Light of Ecosystem Balance

The present study is related to different method of plastic waste management in the light of ecosystem balance. Plastic waste has become a major environmental concern, causing pollution in both land and marine ecosystems. As a result, plastic debris is accumulating in landfills and natural environments instead of decomposing. This accumulation is causing various environmental hazards and negatively impacting habitats and species distribution. To address this issue, researchers have been focusing on finding effective methods of plastic waste management that promote ecosystem balance. These methods include microbial agents and their metabolic enzymes for polymer degradation and destructive thermal treatments like combustion or pyrolysis. In addition, different countries have implemented varying waste management strategies to tackle plastic pollution. Indiscriminate use of plastics such as polyethylene causes environmental pollution and impacts human health due to irreversible changes in the ecological cycle. The future of plastic waste management research lies in the continuous innovation of recycling technologies, the development of environmentally friendly alternatives, and the integration of social and behavioural considerations in waste management strategies. By addressing these areas, research can contribute to the advancement of sustainable and effective solutions for plastic waste handling, furthering the goal of achieving ecosystem balance and minimizing environmental harm. A comprehensive assessment of plastic management strategies should consider their environmental, economic, and social implications to gauge their overall effectiveness in addressing the challenges of plastic waste. This multifaceted approach will provide a holistic understanding of the impact of plastic waste management efforts and guide future decision-making to further enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of plastic waste handling..

Optimizing waste management for green shipping: industry commitment through participatory processes in Cyprus

Every year, up to 0.3 million tonnes of waste from the European shipping industry is not properly delivered at ports. Most of the waste produced by the shipping industry is plastic waste, putting plastics at the forefront of the shipping industry’s waste management efforts. In an increasingly connected global economy, concerted actions that encourage and incentivise waste minimisation and waste management optimisation are essential for the reduction of marine litter and the achievement of a circular economy within the shipping industry. Cyprus, an important flag state, can take a leadership role towards this direction. This article presents the results of the implementation of the DeCyDe-4-Shipping decision-support participatory method in Cyprus, which allowed effective multi-stakeholder interactions and resulted in the identification of actions for waste minimisation and waste management optimization that are relevant, effective, implementable, and stem from stakeholder consensus. The method resulted in the definition of yearly action plans with prioritized actions and provided the tools through which to monitor the industry’s annual progress. As the shipping industry is dependent on a global supply chain, DeCyDe-4-Shipping could be replicated at a wider geographic scale, starting with Mediterranean ports, to ensure consistent industry progress towards waste minimization and waste management optimization.

Waste Pollution Classification in Indonesian Language using DistilBERT

In Indonesia, waste pollution poses pressing environmental and health challenges, making accurate classification vital for targeted mitigation efforts. DistilBERT emerges as a streamlined counterpart to the acclaimed BERT architecture, designed to mirror BERT's advanced linguistic comprehension but with reduced computational demands. By leveraging the essence of transfer learning, DistilBERT benefits from a wealth of information obtained from extensive textual datasets, positioning it as an ideal choice for scenarios marked by limited data accessibility. In our research, we adopted DistilBERT to address the niche challenge of classifying waste types using a constrained dataset derived from Twitter conversations in Indonesian language—a medium notorious for its concise and often ambiguous content. Notwithstanding the dataset's restricted scope and the noise inherent to Twitter, DistilBERT demonstrated an astounding efficacy, registering a precision rate of 98%. This outcome accentuates DistilBERT's capability to navigate and discern complex textual nuances even in data-restricted environments and further highlights the significance of transfer learning in contemporary natural language processing challenges, especially in contexts as critical as Indonesia's waste management efforts