WASPAS Methods Research Articles

Comparative Analysis of OECD Countries in Terms of Basic Science and Technology Indicators Using Entropy and WASPAS Methods

Comparative Analysis of OECD Countries in Terms of Basic Science and Technology Indicators Using Entropy and WASPAS Methods

Measuring and Assessing the Level of Living Conditions and Quality of Life in Smart Sustainable Cities in Poland—Framework for Evaluation Based on MCDM Methods

The increasing degree of urbanization of the world community is creating several multidimensional challenges for modern cities in terms of the need to provide adequate living and working conditions for their residents. An opportunity to ensure optimal conditions and quality of life are smart sustainable cities, which integrate various resources for their sustainable development using modern and smart technological solutions. This paper addresses these issues by presenting the results of a study of the level and quality of living conditions in the 29 largest cities in Poland, an EU member state. This study used 35 indicators characterizing the six main areas of activity of the cities to assess the living conditions and quality of life in these cities. To achieve this purpose, an original research methodology was developed, in which the EDAS and WASPAS methods and the Laplace criterion were applied. The application of a multi-criteria approach to the issue under study made it possible to determine the levels of quality of life and living conditions in the studied cities for each dimension, as well as the final index of this assessment (Smart Sustainable Cities Assessment Scores). On this basis, a ranking of these cities was made. In addition, relationships between living conditions and quality of life and the levels of wealth and population of the cities were also assessed. The results showed a wide variation in the levels of living conditions and quality of life in the cities studied, as well as their independence from geographic location. Cities with higher GDP levels that were investing in innovation and knowledge-based development fared much better.

Integrated Selection of Permanent Teacher Appointments Recommended MCDM-AHP and WASPAS Methods

The teacher's role is very important in improving the national learning system. Many honorary teachers are empowered in curriculum development in a number of schools who want to collaborate in improving the quality of their students. The purpose of this research is to provide rewards to honorary teachers who have long served for the progress of the nation in the world of education to be appointed as permanent teachers. The selection method was carried out through a criteria weighting technique with the MCDM-AHP method which was integrated with the WASPAS method. The technique of developing the MCDM-AHP method as an eigenvector measurement concept with proof of optimization through mathematical algebra matrices that is correlated with the Expert Choice application to get optimal values. The result optimization value is integrated with the WASPAS method as a determinant of the ranking system for permanent teacher candidates. This method is a unification of the concepts of the weight product model and weight sum model methods, so that it has special stages to support decision making with the WASPAS method. The results of selecting twelve honorary teachers for appointment as permanent teachers can be seen from the acquisition of the Qi optimization value as a ranking. The results of support for decision making for permanent teacher appointments with the highest optimization value were given to TC04 with a weight of 0.878; followed by a significant difference in the next rank. The findings of this study provide evidence that the integration of the MCDM-AHP and WASPAS methods provides continuous optimization results for decision-making support.

A CASE ABOUT THE SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE FOR TURKEY BY USING CRITIC AND WASPAS METHODS

In our country, which is defined as rich in terms of renewable energy resources, these are important that; to be able to be used the existing renewable energy sources in the most efficient way as regional, minimize foreign dependency at the point of energy source. 
 The topic of this case is to be able to select the most appropriate renewable energy source for Türkiye by using multi-criteria decision methods, to be able to determine the eligiblity criterias in an effort to compare for six sorts of renewable energy sources which are solar, wind, geothermal, hidroelectric, biomass, wave and by collecting the correct datas related to these criterias, to create a study case by applying CRITIC, WASPAS methods on these datas and immediately afterwards to analyze the results of application in order to be able to provide an ease of evaluation for energy investments which will be in the future. 
 At the end of our calculations, wave energy was determined as the energy source with the highest WASPAS score (0.434). Wind energy (0.374) and geothermal energy (0.354) ranked as second and third, respectively. HydroEnergy (0.330), solar energy (0.328) and biomass energy (0.297) are energy sources with lower WASPAS scores. However, the ranking of results may vary according to other factors. 
 If other sources are taken into account, the results may be different. Because Every country, every region has different energy needs and resources. Therefore, decision makers should consider multiple criteria to select the most suitable renewable energy sources according to their conditions, by taking these factors into account.

Measuring the Performance of Electric Buses Developed for the Public Transportation System Using Entropy and WASPAS Methods

Bu çalışma, toplu taşımada kullanılan ve Türkiye'de üretilen ve satılan elektrikli otobüslerin performansını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Bunu için çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden WASPAS ve Entropi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Kriterlerin ağırlıkları Entropi metoduyla hesaplanmıştır. Ardından, WASPAS metoduyla performans değerlendirmesi yapılarak elektrikli otobüslerin performansı sıralanmıştır. Çalışmada, en önemli performans kriterleri azami tork ve batarya kapasitesi iken en düşük performans kriteri azami hız bulunmuştur. Analiz dönemi içinde en yüksek performans gösteren elektrikli otobüs entropi ağırlıklarına göre Otokar Kent Electra, eşit ağırlığa göre ise Temsa MD9 ElectriCITY’dir. Buna karşın, en kötü performans gösteren otobüs ise her iki ağırlıkta da Otokar Doruk Electra’dır.

Procena operativne efikasnosti dunavskih luka u okviru transevropske transportne mreže

The paper analyzed 16 ports on the Danube that are part of the Trans-European Transport Network with the aim of calculating their efficiency, using the DEA method. The indicators included in the analysis, which represent the input indicators, are the number of operators, the total port area, the maximum depth of the river in the observed port, the number of terminals, the length of the quay, the maximum capacity of the anchorage area, and the storage capacity, while the output indicator is the amount of cargo handled. The results of the analysis showed that out of 16 analyzed ports, 6 ports are efficient, which enabled further evaluation of efficient ports using SWARA and WASPAS methods. After the analyze, the port that is ranked as the best is the port of Giurgiu, which has the largest number of operators and the largest number of terminals. The port of Dunajvaroš has the lowest efficiency, because of the smallest storage capacity and the smallest port area. The testing of the developed model showed the exceptional convenience of its practical application. The contribution of the paper is distinguished by the development of a model that is unique in terms of methods and variables included in the calculation.

Comparison of Copras, Vikor, and Waspas Methods in School Promotion Media Selection

This Research Aims To Compare The COPRAS, VIKOR, And WASPAS Methods In A Decision Support System For Selecting School Promotion Media. Promotion Is An Important Activity To Improve The Impression And Competitiveness Of Schools. The Selection Of The Right Promotional Media Can Increase The Effectiveness Of The Promotion. The Three Methods Of COPRAS, VIKOR, And WASPAS Are Multicriteria Decision-Making Methods That Can Be Applied To Optimization Cases Such As The Selection Of Promotional Media. The Research Was Conducted By Applying The Three Methods To The Case Of Selecting Promotional Media For SMK Airlangga Using 5 Criteria: Cost, Time, Reach, Completeness, And Flexibility. The Results Show That The COPRAS And WASPAS Methods Produce The Same Ranking Of Alternatives With Billboards As The Best Alternative, While The VIKOR Method Is Different With Brochures As The Best Alternative. It Is Concluded That The WASPAS Method Is The Most Appropriate Because It Has Advantages In Terms Of Ease, Interpretation, And Consideration Of Criteria Weights

Prioritization of Negative Carbon Strategies in the Cargo Industry with the SWARA/WASPAS Method

The ever-increasing consumption of fossil fuels with the increasing population in the world has brought along the obligation of countries to take some precautions. Determining the measures to be taken to prevent carbon emissions, turning these measures into a strategy and implementing them has become one of the important issues that concern almost every field. Reducing, neutralizing and turning negative carbon emissions significantly reduces the side effects of climate change. In this study, it is aimed to develop strategies within the scope of carbon negative by considering the cargo sector, which is one of the important fields of activity of the transportation sector, where the carbon emission rate is high. SWARA and WASPAS methods, which are among the Multi-Criteria Decision Making methods, are used in the evaluation phase of the strategies determined through the Delphi technique and literature review. Strategies are asked to be prioritized for the implementation of 16 determined strategies within the cargo sector, and “Using electric vehicles” ranked first in both methods. “Use of carbon capture, exploitation and storage technologies”, “Balancing greenhouse gas emissions”, “Existence of carbon tax to reduce carbon emissions” strategies have also been identified as other top priority strategies. It is thought that the strategies listed as a result of the study can help reduce our carbon footprint and help reach negative carbon by reducing CO2 levels in the atmosphere.

TÜRKİYE’DEKİ BÜYÜKŞEHİRLERİN İHRACAT PERFORMANSLARININ BÜTÜNLEŞİK ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YÖNTEMLERİNE GÖRE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Industrialization and export-based growth are very important in the development of emerging economies. In parallel, metropolitan cities have a positive effect on exports with high population density and advanced industrialization. Accordingly, in this study, the export performances of metropolitan cities in Turkey in 2022 was examined using integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods and 30 metropolitan cities were ranked based on their export performances. Initially, five criteria which was affecting export performance were determined by using the relevant literature. These criteria are as follows: the export numbers of metropolitans in 2022, the number of countries exported, the number of exported sectors, the number of exporting companies and the areas covered by warehouses in metropolitan (m2). Then, the evaluation of the export performances of metropolitans were conducted by using CRITIC-based MULTIMOORA-WASPAS methods. The criteria weights were calculated by CRITIC method. Following this, the export performance of metropolitans was ranked by MULTIMOORA and WASPAS methods. The findings indicated that İstanbul, Kocaeli, İzmir and Hatay have the highest export performance during the period of 2022. On the other hand, Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Ordu, Van and Erzurum have the lowest export performance in 2022.

Integrated Analysis of the Cost of Living Index in Asian Countries

This study investigated the cost of living in 44 Asian countries in 2023. The data were collected from numbeo.com and analyzed using the Entropy method from the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. The five criteria determined for this analysis were ranked according to the MOOSRA, MOORA, VIKOR and WASPAS methods. The results showed that the countries at the top of the cost of living ranking have similar rankings in other methods. This study is expected to contribute to the literature on the current cost of living analysis with MCDM methods.

EVALUATION OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS USING INTERVAL VALUED INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY-Z NUMBERS

The use of online education tools has increased rapidly with the transition to distance education caused by the pandemic. The obligation to carry out all activities of face-to-face education online made it very important for the tools used in distance education to meet the increasing needs. In line with these needs, radical changes have occurred in the learning management systems used in distance education. Therefore, in this study, it is aimed to determine the features that the systems used in distance education should have and to compare the existing systems according to these features. For this purpose, a novel fuzzy extension, interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy Z-numbers, is defined for modeling uncertainty, and AHP and WASPAS methods using proposed fuzzy numbers are developed to determine the importance of decision criteria and compare alternatives.

Ranking Çanakkale Districts in terms of Rangeland Quality with Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods

Based on the Project report of Determination of Rangeland Availability and Range of Rangeland Status Classes carried out by the Management of Eastern Anatolia Agricultural Research Institute, eleven districts of Çanakkale are ordered in terms of rangeland quality. For this reason, four different rankings were obtained by AHP, TOPSIS, VIKOR and WASPAS methods. According to the rankings made by the AHP, VIKOR and WASPAS methods, while the district with the highest rangeland quality was Biga, the highest rangeland quality according to the TOPSIS method was found to be the Central district.

Sustainable Flue Gas Treatment System Assessment for Iron and Steel Sector: Spherical Fuzzy MCDM-Based Innovative Multistage Approach

The emission crisis in the iron and steel sector prompted the search for modern systems that contribute to reducing the resulting emissions to alleviate the growing concerns about global warming. This research evaluates four flue gas treatment systems in the iron and steel sector through a case study in Egypt. A comprehensive approach is presented through which experts can use linguistic terms and their corresponding spherical fuzzy numbers (SFNs) to express their views on identifying aspects and indicators that affect the sustainability of flue gas treatment systems. Also, determining the optimal system for dealing with emissions is a necessary task, which requires consideration of many aspects of sustainability, including economic, environmental, and technological aspects and their subindicators. This paper presents a new hybrid approach to multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) under a spherical fuzzy (SF) environment that takes into account several incompatible indicators. The SF-CRiteria Importance through Intercriteria Correlation (SF-CRITIC) has been used to assess and prioritize the main aspects and subindicators. The SF-COmbinative Distance-based ASsessment (SF-CODAS) has been applied to evaluate and rank the selected systems. A sensitivity analysis has been implemented to confirm the effectiveness of the recommended hybrid approach and the stability of its results by changing the weights of the indicators used. Also, a comparative analysis has been fulfilled with MARCOS and WASPAS methods under an SF environment to validate the proposed approach. The findings show that the environmental aspect is the highest evaluated with a weight of 0.431, followed by the technological aspect with a weight of 0.326, and they are the basis for enhancing the sustainability of low-emission systems in the iron and steel sector. Furthermore, the conclusions advise optimizing low-emission systems for sintering flue gas in the iron and steel sector to improve sustainability.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Kartu Internet Smartphone Menggunakan Metode MOORA dan WASPAS

Currently the internet is the most widely used source of information among the public to find the information needed. The use of the internet can meet the needs of information sources that are fast, easy, precise, accurate and inexpensive. Through the internet can access a variety of information and knowledge according to relevant needs. The internet also has several advantages that are not shared by other conventional sources of information, access to information can be done with restrictions on distance, time and space which is part of the advantages of the internet. Making it possible to get the source of the information obtained. Thus, based on the results of a survey conducted by the previous author, involving 30 respondents who had used internet service packages before, the result was that 90% of respondents had difficulty making the right choice, according to the criteria they wanted. With a decision support system using the MOORA and WASPAS methods, it will be easier to find a solution to the problem of choosing an internet package based on the conditions offered by the various internet operators themselves. These criteria include speed, signal, internet quota, active period and price. Based on the calculations of these two methods, the best smartphone internet card title is alternative A1 with the name Telkomsel with a value for the MOORA method, which is 0.437, while the WASPAS method is 0.942 as the best alternative. So that people don't need to worry about choosing an internet card for smartphones that are good and have good access speeds

Selection of new branch location with SWARA, ARAS and WASPAS methods: An example of a cargo company in the logistics sector

Kuruluş yeri işletmelerin temel faaliyetlerini, ekonomik hayatlarını sürdürdükleri yerdir. Kuruluş yeri seçimi, maliyetli ve telafisi uzun zaman aldığından doğru seçim yapmak işletmeler için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Kargo işletmelerinde de kuruluş yeri seçimi kararı piyasadaki rekabet üstünlüğü ve işletme verimliliğini etkileyen önemli faaliyetlerden biridir. İşletmelerin “yaşam alanı” olarak adlandırılan kuruluş yeri seçimine karar verilirken çeşitli sayısal yöntemlerden yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile ÇKKV (Çok Kriterli Karar Verme) tekniklerinden SWARA (Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) yöntemiyle şube yeri seçiminde kriter önem ağırlıklarının belirlenmesi WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) ve ARAS (Additive Ratio Assessment) yöntemleri karşılaştırmalı kullanılarak işletme için en uygun yerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Önerilen model kapsamında, 5 ana kriter ve 15 alt kriter olmak üzere toplam 20 kriter belirlenmiş ve 3 yer alternatifi sunulmuştur. Seçilen konu ve önerilen yaklaşım ile ilgili literatürde sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmasından dolayı, bu çalışmanın konusu ve uygulamasıyla diğer çalışmalara yardımcı olması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına göre, en önemli kriterin “Konum” ve işletmenin yeni şubesi için en uygun alternatifin her iki yöntemde de “Esenyurt” olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Penerapan Metode WASPAS dan ROC (Rank Order Centroid) dalam Pengangkatan Karyawan Kontrak

The important determinant factor for the success of a service company in achieving its established objectives is its workforce. The selection process for new and contract employees in the company should be objective in order for them to become permanent employees. However, many companies still lack measures to evaluate the level of objectivity in their selection process. In this study, the author observed that sometimes companies experience difficulty in determining which contract employees should be promoted to permanent employees due to the lack of objectivity in the selection process. Therefore, the author used the Simple Additive Weighting (WASPAS and ROC) method to determine the best employees who can be promoted to permanent employees with criteria such as participation, level of education, competency, workplace, knowledge, teamwork, work quality, English language skills, and others. Based on the research results, the ROC and WASPAS methods are very useful in determining the best employee candidates and solving identified problems, as well as providing better and more optimal results in decision-making. In this study, variant A2 with the highest utility value of 0.982 was chosen as the best contract employee to be employed as a permanent employee.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS USING THE FUZZY TAHANI AND WASPAS METHODS IN SELECTING TOURISM PLACES TO VISIT IN MAKASSAR

The selection of tourist attractions to be visited, especially the Makassar area requires several reasons, to make a decision which area to visit, several things need to be considered, besides that a Decision Support System is needed to give the best results. The system used is not just one in order to provide more accurate results. Analysis of the Decision Support System to choose the best tourist attractions in Makassar uses two methods, namely: the FUZZY Tahani Method and the WASPAS Method. The results of the analysis provide the best method using the same criteria, then the selection of tourist attractions to be visited in Makassar City. Based on the analysis between the The FUZZY Tahani Method and the WASPAS Method in selecting tourist attractions to be visited in Makassar City, in this case the use of the FUZZY Tahani Method is more appropriate. The object of his research is the decision support system for selection of tourist attractions to be visited. The results of his research showed that in The selection of tourist attractions to be visited using the FUZZY Tahani and WASPAS methods the same results were obtained for the best ranking, A7, but there were differences in the results for the next ranking.

Penerapan Metode WASPAS Dengan Pembobotan ROC Dalam Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Ketua Himpunan Mahasiswa Teknik Informatika (HIMATIKA)

The Head of HIMATIKA is a student who has a leadership position in the HIMATIKA organizational structure and is also one of the students who has been entrusted to lecturers to carry out their duties and develop every activity held by the Budi Darma University campus. Students who serve as chairmen of HIMATIKA must have great responsibility in organizing, directing, and managing every activity on the Budi Darma University Medan campus. So with that the Medan Budi Darma University campus really hopes that in the election of the HIMATIKA chairman it can provide the best results and those who are elected to become the HIMATIKA chairman can be more committed and have great responsibility so that the Budi Darma University campus will be more advanced, quality and become the best campus. The election of the HIMATIKA chairman at Budi Darma University often results in injustice in the mechanism used to elect the HIMATIKA chairman, and there is also a lack of member participation in the election of the HIMATIKA chairman. This will have an impact on the results of the election for the chairman of HIMATIKA and will also affect the development of HIMATIKA. in the election of the chairman of HIMATIKA if the results are not objective or significant, of course it will cause other problems. So with that the process of solving a problem that occurs in the election of a HIMATIKA chairman requires some criteria data including GPA, discipline, vision and mission, organizational experience, and broad insight. From these criteria data, accurate and clear results will be obtained, and the assistance of a system that can solve each of these problems is needed. Where this system is a system that has a very important role in decision making. The system is DSS, where DSS is one of the systems that can assist in solving each problem by requiring data and methods contained in the DSS in order to obtain more relevant information and support in making each decision. In completing this research, the writer has to find the weight value of the criterion data where the writer uses the ROC method to produce the weight value and after that the writer also searches for the ranking value using the WASPAS method. And where to produce ranking values ​​in the WASPAS method, the author must work according to predetermined steps in order to obtain precise and accurate preference values. The ROC and WASPAS methods really help the writer in generating values ​​accurately.

Selection of Spot Welding Electrode Material by Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation, VIKOR and WASPAS Methods

Selection of electrode material for spot welding operation is a complex task due to compromising properties such as electrical conductivity and the strength of material, although limited materials possess them collectively. This research aims to rank eight discrete classes of Cr-Zr, Cu-Be, Cu-Cd, Cu-Cr-Zr, Cu-Ti and Cu-W spot welding electrode materials based on PROMETHEE, VIKOR and WASPAS methods. Preliminary screening of essential attributes was performed using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). It was observed that Cu-Cr-Zr is ranked as the best candidate material by all three MADM methods. However, the selection is based on availability, manufacturability, environment protection rules and cost. This paper suggested an approach for electrode manufacturers and end users to select reliable spot welding electrode material to achieve high weld quality

Evaluation of compressive strength of concrete in bipolar fuzzy environment

Concrete is the most widely used building material. Numerous varieties of concrete are available. They are resolved by the formation of binders and the types of aggregate used to suit the application of the engineered material. The quality of the concrete is based on the specific proportions of different materials added to it such cement, slag, ash, water, superplasticizer, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate. The compressive strength of concrete hangs on many factors such as water-cement ratio, cement strength, quality of concrete material during making of concrete which is determined using MCDM methods. In this paper COPRAS and WASPAS methods are used to determine the ranking order of various set of concrete mixtures produced in the laboratory.