Waist-hip Ratio Circumference Research Articles

Higher Fat-Related Body Composition Measurement and Lower Resting-State Inter-Network Functional Connectivity of APOE ε4 Carrier in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients With Aβ Deposition.

We aimed to evaluate the impact of interaction between APOE ε4 carrier status and body composition measurements on intra- and inter-regional functional connectivity (FC) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients with Aβ deposition. MCI patients with and without APOE ε4 allele (carrier, n=86; non-carrier, n=95) underwent neuropsychological battery, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans, positron emission tomography scans with [18F]flutemetamol, and bioelectrical impedance analysis for measuring body composition. We employed a priori defined regions of interest to investigate the intra- and inter-network FC profiles of default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), and salience network. There was a significant interaction of APOE ε4 carrier status with body fat mass index, visceral fat area, and waist-hip circumference ratio for inter-network FC between DMN and CEN, contributing higher fat-related body composition measurements in the APOE ε4 carrier with lower DMN-CEN FC. The present results highlight the detrimental effect of APOE ε4 carrier status on the associations between the fat-related body composition measurements and FC in the MCI patients with Aβ accumulation.

Coffee consumption habits with the addition of added ingredients correlated with obesity among females students in Semarang

Chemical compounds found in coffee are good for health, but most Indonesians often consume coffee with added ingredients, such as sugar and milk. Thus, it will potentially increase the risk of obesity. This study aimed to analyze coffee consumption habits with added ingredients and their correlation with the incidence of obesity among female students in Semarang. The research design was cross-sectional, with 77 female students randomly selected. This study was conducted from March to April 2021 in Semarang. All data collection process was conducted online. Data on coffee consumption habits, the kind of added ingredients, and the number of allowances were obtained through questionnaires. Furthermore, the food intake data were obtained from the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), physical activity data from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and anthropometric data through self-anthropometric measurement guided by the researcher. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression test at a 95% CI. There was a relationship between coffee consumption habits and obesity according to the body mass index (p= 0,014), waist circumference (p= 0,001), and waist-hip ratio (p= 0,001). The multivariate analysis showed that the frequent consumption of coffee with added ingredients was correlated with the incidence of abdominal obesity based on waist circumference and waist-hip circumference ratio. It can be concluded that coffee consumption with added ingredients was correlated with the incidence of obesity.

Eating Patterns, Physical Activities with the Event of Obesity Based on Waist-Hip Circumstances Ratio

Obesity is a chronic health problem caused by various multifactorial factors, such as genetic factors, environmental factors, inappropriate eating behavior and low physical activity. The research aims to analyze the relationship between eating patterns and free time physical activity with the incidence of obesity based on the waist-hip circumference ratio in Jakarta Lantamal III Health Service personnel. The research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 66 subjects who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to informed consent underwent anthropometric measurements and filled out questionnaires. Dietary pattern data uses the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) form, leisure time physical activity data is taken using the Godin leisure time exercise questionnaire (GLTEQ). The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. 54,5% of research subjects were obese, 63,6% of subjects had a good diet, and 56,1% of subjects rarely consumed food sources of fiber. and subjects with light leisure time physical activity category, namely 42,4%. It was found that 83,8% of research subjects who rarely consumed fiber had obese nutritional status and 96,4% of research subjects who had light free time physical activity had obese nutritional status. The results of bivariate statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the frequency of consumption of food sources of fiber and activity. physical leisure time with the incidence of obesity (p-value<0,05). So, it can be concluded that low fiber consumption and reduced levels of physical activity can increase the incidence of obesity.

Gender-inclined Young Age Glycosuria: Contribution to Late Age Chronic Renal Diseases, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Diseases.

Chronic kidney diseases (CKD), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the recent worldwide late age chronic conditions that could be a consequence of renal glycosuria during childhood. This study aimed at determining the extent of glycosuria in secondary school students to obtain information that could be predictive of the situation in late age life of Tanzanians living in Mkuranga District. This was school-based cross-sectional study that was conducted in assenting and consenting 800 students from July to October 2019 in Mkuranga district, Pwani-Tanzania. Socio-demographic information was collected using well-structured questionnaires while weight and height were measured using beam balance and tape measure, respectively. Dipstick strip was used to determine urine glucose on clean catch mid-stream urine collected specimens. From a total of 800 enrolled students, 0.6% (5/800) had glycosuria from whom 80% were males and 20% (1/5) were females (p = 0.37). The proportion of glycosuric males was 4 folds higher than that found in females. While height, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip circumference ratio were associated with renal glycosuria (p < 0.05), other factors showed no association (p > 0.05). Despite the low proportion (0.6%) of glycosuria in this study, the contribution of young age renal glycosuria to old age CKD, T2DM and CVDs cannot be ruled out with males being more prone than females. Thus, it signals for consideration of regular screening for glycosuria in the school health programmes as an intervention strategy to prevent potential late age chronic disease complications.

LINKAGE OF BODY MASS INDEX AND ANTHROPOMETRIC, LABORATORY PARAMETERS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS DEPENDING ON ANGIOTENSINOGEN (AGT, RS699) GENE POLYMORPHISM

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the correlations between body mass index (BMI) and clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with essential hypertension (EH) depending on angiotensinogen gene (AGT, rs699) polymorphism. Design and method: The case-control study involved 72 patients with stage II EH, 1–3 degrees of blood pressure (BP) elevation, high and very high cardiovascular risk (CVR) (29.16% men, 70.84% women). The mean age of patients was 59.87±7.98 yo. The control group consisted of 48 healthy individuals comparable in age and gender. Polymorphism of the AGT gene (rs699) was studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). BMI was defined as the ratio of weight to square of height (kg/m2). All enrolled/screened patients signed the Informed Consent to participate in the research. The parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin 25 (OH) D levels in blood serum were determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay (MAGLUMI). Results: In TT-genotype carriers of the AGT gene (rs699) BMI was directly related to anthropometric parameters of waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) (r = 0.70–0.81; p &lt; 0.022), the concentration of vitamin D (r = 0.65; p = 0.043) and inversely with the blood level of ionized Ca2+ (r = -0.71; p = 0.02). Correlation matrix of laboratory, anthropometric indicators in hypertensive TC-genotype carriers showed that BMI is directly related to WC and HC (r = 0.68; p &lt; 0.001 and r = 0.84; p &lt; 0.001), as well as to PTH level (r = 0.43; p = 0.004), with a negative correlation with vitamin D level (r = -0.38 P = 0.011). PTH directly depends on BMI, WC and HC (r = 0.31–0.43; p &lt; 0.042–0.004). A direct link between BMI and WC and HC was found in CC-genotype carriers (r = 0.73; p&lt;0.001 and r = 0.78; p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Thus, the correlation matrix showed that BMI directly depended on the anthropometric parameters of WC, HC and/or WHR (r = 0.68-0.84; p&lt;0.022-0.001) regardless of the AGT gene genotypes (r = 0,52-0.86; p&lt;0.02-0.001) and inversely correlated with ionized Ca2+ level in the blood (r = -0.71; p = 0.02), but only in TT-genotype carriers of the AGT gene (rs699).

Association of Obesity Indices with Diabetic Kidney Disease and Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study.

Diabetic microvascular complications mainly include diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Obesity was recognized as a risk factor for DKD, while the reported relationship between obesity and DR was inconsistent. Moreover, whether the associations can be attributed to C-peptide levels is unknown. Data from 1142 sequential inpatients with T2DM at Xiangyang Central Hospital between June 2019 and March 2022 were extracted retrospectively from the electronic medical record system. The associations between four obesity indices (body mass index (BMI), waist-hip circumference ratio (WHR), visceral fat tissue area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat tissue area (SFA)) and DKD and DR were evaluated. Whether the associations can be attributed to C-peptide levels was also explored. Obesity was a risk factor for DKD after adjusting for sex, HbA1c, TG, TC, HDL, LDL, smoking history, education, duration of diabetes, and insulin use (obesity indices: BMI (OR 1.050: 95% CI: 1.008-1.094; P = 0.020); WHR (OR 10.97; 95% CI: 1.250-92.267; P = 0.031); VFA (OR 1.005; 95% CI: 1.001-1.008; P = 0.008)), but it became insignificant after further adjusting for fasting C-peptide. The associations between BMI, WHR, VFA, and DKD might be U-shaped. Obesity and FCP tended to protect against DR; however, they became insignificant after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. C2/C0 (the ratio of the postprandial serum C-peptide to fasting C-peptide) was a protective factor for both DKD (OR 0.894, 95% CI: 0.833-0.959, P < 0.05) and DR (OR 0.851, 95% CI: 0.787-0.919; P < 0.05). Obesity was a risk factor for DKD, and the effect may be attributable to C-peptide, which represents insulin resistance. The protective effect of obesity or C-peptide on DR was not independent and could be confounded by multiple factors. Higher C2/C0 was associated with both decreased DKD and DR.

Association between Stress and Physical Fitness of University Students Post-COVID-19 Pandemic

Post-COVID-19 pandemic, most universities changed their educational model from online courses to onsite learning, allowing students to attend regular face-to-face classes. These changes can cause stress in students, which affects physical fitness. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between stress levels and physical fitness in female university students. The participants were 101 female university students, 18-23 years of age. All participants completed the Suan Prung Stress Test-60 (SPST-60). The physical fitness test included body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as musculoskeletal fitness. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the associations between SPST-60 scores and physical fitness. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We found a negative correlation between the sources of stress scores, here environment, and maximal oxygen consumption (β = -0.291; 95% CI, -0.551, -0.031). We also found that symptoms of stress scores in the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems were positively associated with waist-hip circumference ratio (WHR) (β = 0.010; 95% CI, 0.002, 0.017 and β = 0.006; 95% CI, 0.000, 0.012, respectively). Moreover, the symptoms of stress, here emotion, were positively associated with the WHR (β = 0.005; 95 %CI, 0.001, 0.009) and negatively associated with upper extremity muscle strength (β = -0.005; 95% CI, -0.009, 0.000). The results of this study confirmed the associations between stress levels in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era and WHR, maximal oxygen consumption, and upper extremity muscle strength. As a result, stress reduction or prevention alternatives should be considered in order to maintain physical fitness and prevent stress disorders.

PMON280 Effect of Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy (GAHT) on Adipose Tissue Morphology and Metabolism in Transgender Individuals

Abstract Background Circulating sex hormones exert unique effects on metabolism, leading to sexual dimorphism in white adipose tissue distribution and function. The gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) or cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) for transgender patients lower the endogenous sex hormones while raising the opposite sex hormones. Sex hormones are known to have a significant impact on white adipose tissue and metabolism. However, long-term metabolic changes with GAHT in transgender individuals have not been studied, nor are the underlying mechanisms properly elucidated. Hypothesis We test the hypothesis that GAHT will result in sexual dimorphic changes in morphology and function of white adipose tissue according to the type of sex hormones used and the native sex of the patients. Aim 1 To study the effect of cross-sex hormones on clinical parameters such as blood pressure, weight, waist-hip circumference ratio, serum lipids, insulin sensitivity Aim 2 To study the changes in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) distribution and expansion with GAHT Aim 3 To study changes in circulating metabolites and adipokines, and pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic gene expression in SWAT with GAHT. Methodology 31 hormone-naive patients (19 Male-to-Female; MtF and 12 Female-to-Male; FtM) were enrolled in the longitudinal study and followed up for 3 years. Clinical parameters and blood samples were gathered at baseline and at 6 month intervals. DXA scans and fat biopsies (peri-umbilical SWAT) were performed at baseline and at 1 year intervals. Results The results presented here compare baseline and at 1 year of GAHT. There was an increase in total cholesterol in the MtF group. HOMA-IR, total fat mass and visceral fat mass increased in MtF group, while they decreased in the FtM group. In MtF group, lean mass and bone mineral content (BMC) decreased at 1 year, but no change was observed in the FtM group. On histological assessment, fat cell size increased in MtF group, while it decreased in the FtM group. Conclusion In MtF transgender patients, androgen deprivation and estrogen treatment resulted in reduced insulin sensitivity together with a rise in total cholesterol possibly via a decrease in lean mass and adipose tissue expansion through significant adipocyte hypertrophy. In FtM transgender patients, testosterone treatment caused improved insulin sensitivity possibly via a decrease in total and visceral fat mass. The greatest strengths of our project include its longitudinal nature over 3 years to capture long-term effects in the same patients as well as deeper mechanistic insights into the underlying metabolite, adipokine and gene expression changes. The limitations of our study include the small sample size with heterogeneity of study population in terms of demographics and lifestyles. Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

LBSUN130 A Single Center Prospective Observational Cohort Study On The Association Of Asia Pacific Classification Of Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, And Waist Hip Ratio With Covid 19 Outcomes And Severity In A Philippine Tertiary Hospital

Abstract This study aimed to determine the association between Asia-Pacific classification of body mass index, waist circumference and waist hip ratio of adults on clinical outcomes of COVID-19 moderate &amp; severe patients. This single-centre prospective cohort involved adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were admitted at a Philippine tertiary hospital from August to November 2021. A total of 221 patients were seen, and 182 patients were analyzed, further divided into 167 moderate and 15 severe COVID-19 patients. Inclusion criteria included ambulatory patients with COVID-19, patients with no oxygen therapy, with oxygen therapy through nasal prongs, and non-invasive ventilation. Exclusion criteria excluded patients unable to stand upright, pregnant patients, and patients with advanced directives. The primary and secondary outcomes of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 infection were compared among Asia Pacific BMI groups. Primary outcomes were respiratory decompensation, septic shock, and mortality. The secondary outcomes included ARDS, ICU admission, length of hospital stay, and severity of COVID-19. Odds ratio and corresponding 95% confidence intervals from binary logistic regression were computed. The median age was 54.5 years and 54% were male. 7 in 10 were obese by Asia Pacific classification. The mean (±SD) waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio were 101.75 ± 14.27 cm, 102.65 ± 13. 06 cm, and 0.99 ± 0. 07, respectively. 58% were hypertensive and 52% were diabetic. Among patients with moderate and severe COVID-19, there was insufficient evidence to support significant variations in the incidences of septic shock, ICU admission, and mortality across BMI groups. Respiratory decompensation and sepsis were more frequently seen in obese patients, but pairwise comparisons were unable to reveal statistical significance. On univariable analysis, obesity and waist circumference were significantly associated with the odds of respiratory decompensation (95% CI p=0. 010 and p=0. 002). However, this association was not sustained upon adjustment for confounders. On univariable analysis, waist and hip circumferences were both significantly associated with the odds of ICU admission (95% CI, p=. 013 and p=. 034). After controlling for confounders, only hip ratio retained significant association, with odds for the outcome increased by 5% (95% CI 1-10%, p=0. 029) with every additional centimeter in hip circumference. BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, or waist hip ratio were not significantly associated with COVID-19 mortality. Our findings show that obesity as defined by the Asia Pacific BMI classification may be an important modifiable risk factor that may guide policy makers in prioritization of populations for vaccination against COVID-19. Interventions that reduce weight and visceral adiposity may reduce the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

Insulin resistance and weight gain in women treated for early stage breast cancer.

Both weight gain and insulin resistance have been associated with poorer prognosis in women receiving adjuvant therapy for early stage breast cancer, however, interactions between weight gain and insulin resistance have not been explored longitudinally throughout the breast cancer treatment continuum. One hundred non-diabetic women with early stage breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and /or hormonal therapy were enrolled in this prospective, observational study. Metrics of weight, body composition (BMI, waist/hip circumference ratio (WHR)), and cardiometabolic health (fasting insulin, glucose and triglycerides) were obtained prior to adjuvant therapy (baseline) and repeated 6, 12, and 24months post-diagnosis. Insulin resistance was calculated using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Complete data were available for 95 participants. Compared to baseline, body weight was significantly higher at the 12-month time-point (75.3 ± 15.7 vs. 76.2 ± 16.7, p = 0.03), however there was no difference in waist circumference (p = 0.96) or WHR (p = 0.52). HOMA-IR tended to increase 6months after diagnosis (2.36 ± 2.17 vs. 2.70 ± 2.83, p = 0.06), largely driven by adverse responses in patients treated with chemotherapy (mean change + 0.53 (chemotherapy) vs - 0.64 (no chemotherapy), p = 0.005). Despite 12-month weight gain, the 6-month increase in HOMA-IR was fully abrogated 12months after diagnosis. Breast cancer patients experience small but significant weight gain in the year following diagnosis, and those who receive chemotherapy experience significant short-term metabolic impairments suggestive of insulin resistance. While the acute insulin resistance appears to attenuate over time, the long-term ramifications are unclear and may help explain weight gain in this population.

Anthropometric profile and its correlation to insulin resistance in female students with obesity

The prevalence of obesity in adolescent girls is increasing each year. Several anthropometric measurements can be used to detect the incidence of insulin resistance. This study was aimed to observe the correlation of anthropometric profiles with insulin resistance in adolescent girls with obesity. This was an observational study with a total of 120 female students of Universitas Diponegoro (Undip), aged between 18 and 21 years old, who have waist circumference &gt;80 cm. They were chosen by a simple random sampling technique. Anthropometric profile data taken has consisted of waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip circumference ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), neck circumference, waist circumference, thigh circumference, and 2D:4D digit ratio. Insulin resistance data was determined using the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR.). Bivariate analysis was completed with the Spearman rank test. There was 83.3% of subjects who experienced insulin resistance. High WHtR was found in 98.3% of total subjects as many as 90.8% of subjects were at risk based on WHR values. Based on 2D:4D ratio digits, neck circumference, wrist circumference &lt;50% of subjects were found as at risk. There was no correlation between waist circumference, WHR, wrist circumference, 2D:4D digit ratio with HOMA-IR (p&gt;0.05). However, there was a positive correlation between WHtR, neck circumference, and thigh circumference with HOMA-IR (p&lt;0.05). Anthropometric profiles such as WHtR, neck circumference, and thigh circumference were correlated with insulin resistance in female adolescents with obesity.

Correlation of waist circumference, hip circumference and waist-hip ratio with VCTE in lean and non-lean NAFLD

Background and Aim: Waist circumference (WC) is a measure of abdominal adiposity, an important predictor of Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) also has a strong correlation with development of NAFLD. Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is a widely used noninvasive technique for assessment of liver fibrosis. We tried to compare the WC, Hip circumference (HC) and WHR in lean and non lean NAFLD and to assess the correlation between WHR and VCTE. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study including 120 lean (BMI<23kg/m2 ) and 120 non-lean (BMI>23kg/m2 ) NAFLD patients. Liver stiffness was determined using VCTE (Fibroscan 502, Echosens, Paris, France) in kilopascals (kPa). Comparison of categorical variables was done using Chi-square (Î2) test. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to test the strength of correlation. Univariate linear regression was used to predict the relation between WHR and VCTE. Results: 105(87.5%) of non-lean NAFLD and 59(49.17%) of lean NAFLD patients were found to have high WC (p<0.001), but the proportion of patients having high WHR was comparable in both the groups (p=0.551). Compared to the lean NAFLD population, WC and HC were significantly higher in the non-lean group (p<0.001 for both), but mean WHR were comparable between lean (0.93+0.14) and non-lean (0.94+0.14) groups (p=0.639). Mean VCTE was also comparable in lean NAFLD (8.18+2.23) and non-lean NAFLD (7.74+2.54), (p=0.162). Both HC and WC had poor correlation with VCTE. Mean WHR had a moderately strong correlation with VCTE in non-lean NAFLD (r=0.326) and a weak correlation in lean NAFLD (r=0.169). On univariate linear regression, the relationship between WHR and VCTE was significant in non-lean NAFLD (Î2=5.226, p=0.002), but not in lean NAFLD (Î2=2.665, p=0.064). Conclusions: High WHR has significant correlation with liver fibrosis in non-lean NAFLD, but not in lean NAFLD. Individually, WC and HC do not correlate significantly with VCTE.

Dietary Intake, Eating Behavior, Physical Activity, and Quality of Life in Infertile Women with PCOS and Obesity Compared with Non-PCOS Obese Controls.

To personalize lifestyle advice for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obesity, detailed information regarding dietary intake, eating behavior, physical activity levels, and quality of life (QoL) may be useful. We aimed to investigate in a post-hoc cross-sectional analysis within a large multicenter randomized controlled trial in women with infertility whether there are significant differences in dietary intake (vegetables, fruits, sugary drinks, alcoholic beverages, savory snacks, and sweet snacks); eating behavior (emotional eating, external eating, and restricted eating); physical activity; and QoL between women with PCOS and obesity and non-PCOS obese controls. Participants were asked to complete the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), the Short QUestionnaire to ASsess Health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH), and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) at study entry (PCOS: n = 170; non-PCOS: n = 321, mean BMI: 36). Linear and binary (multinomial) logistic regressions were used, and the analyses were adjusted for age, waist–hip circumference ratio, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). No statistically significant differences in dietary intake or physical activity were observed between the two groups. The overall score of emotional eating was 34.6 ± 11.2 in the PCOS group and 34.1 ± 11.3 in the non-PCOS group (p = 0.11). QoL scores (physical and mental) did not differ between PCOS and non-PCOS women. These findings suggest that infertile women with PCOS and obesity and infertile non-PCOS obese controls do not have different dietary habits and have similar mental and physical QoL.

Abdominal and gluteofemoral fat depots show opposing associations with postprandial lipemia

High postprandial lipemia is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, independently of fasting lipid concentrations. Abdominal and gluteofemoral fat depots handle lipoproteins differently, which could affect postprandial lipemia and contribute to the relation between abdominal fat distribution and cardiovascular disease risk. We aimed to study the influences of higher abdominal compared with gluteofemoral fat on postprandial lipemia after a high-fat meal in individuals with obesity. A total of 755 adults with obesity from a randomized controlled trial in 7 European countries consumed a liquid high-fat meal. Concentrations of triglycerides (TG), glycerol, free fatty acids, and the cholesterol component of remnant-like particles (RLP), LDL, and HDL were measured postprandially for 3 h. Associations of waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) with changes in postprandial lipid concentrations, adjusted for fasting concentrations and BMI, were examined using linear regression models. To assess whether the association of WHR with postprandial lipemia could be causal, we performed instrumental variable analyses using a genetic score of 442 variants known to be associated with WHR adjusted for BMI in 2-stage least-squares regression models. WHR was associated with higher TG and RLP cholesterol concentrations, independent of fasting lipid concentrations and BMI. Instrumental variable analyses suggested that the associations of WHR with postprandial TG (β=0.038 μmol/L*min, SE=0.019 μmol/L*min, P=0.044) and RLP cholesterol concentrations (β=0.059 mmol/L, SE=0.025mmol/L, P=0.020) may be causal. WC and HC showed opposite effects: higher WC was associated with higher TG and RLP cholesterol concentrations whereas higher HC was associated with lower concentrations. Our results suggest that higher fat deposition abdominally versus gluteofemorally may be causally associated with elevated postprandial lipemia after a high-fat meal, independent of fasting lipid concentrations and BMI. Furthermore, higher abdominal and gluteofemoral fat depots show opposing effects on postprandial lipemia.This trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN25867281.

Evaluation of endothelial function in obese children and adolescents

Evaluation of endothelial function in obese children and adolescents

Résultats d’une intervention pluridisciplinaire en thérapie comportementale, psycho-nutrition et activité physique sur les troubles alimentaires d’adultes en surpoids entre 2016 et 2018

ObjectivesThere is a growing need to build healthcare program addressed to overweighed and obese people suffering from eating disorders. The program named “Surpoids Objectif Forme Training” (SOFT) is dedicated to eating disorders care in overweighed people. In this study we wanted to assess severity of eating disorder before, and after the intervention with measuring Three Factors Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) score in all patients who attended the program between years 2016 and 2018. Materials and methodsSOFT is a multidisciplinary intervention organised for outpatients in Hospital La Casamance located in Aubagne, France. For each SOFT intervention lasting 10 weeks, patients were attending 40 sessions: 10 sessions in cognitive therapy in order to understand compulsive eating and to increase emotions skills (to recognize and to face emotions) and alternative behaviours; 10 sessions in psycho-nutrition with working on cognitive flexibility, connection to present and to senses (mindful eating) and recognizing sensations of hunger and satiating; 10 sessions of physiotherapy to get aware of body needs with hypopressive gymnastics and proprioceptive training; 10 sessions in adapted physical activity to encourage daily moderate physical activity and to introduce changes in patients way of living. This study was a prospective cohort study, in which we included all overweighed adults patients suffering from compulsive eating disorder including binge eating disorder and night eating syndrome. We wanted to assess TFEQ score before and after the program. We also measured Body Mass Index (BMI), bioelectrical impedance (muscle and fat mass), waist and hip circumferences, waist-hip ratio, endurance with 6minutes walking test and muscle strength. ResultsTwo hundred and one patients were included and 168 followed the entire program. The average BMI in our group was 35kg/m2. Less than 25% of patients were suffering of binge eating disorder but most of patients had compulsive eating (65%). More than 50% of them had a TFEQ score higher than 25 before entering the program (average TFEQ was 25.2). After the program average TFEQ score had decreased from 25.2 to 20.0 (P<10−4), with only 17.9% of patients with a TFEQ score above 25. These results showed improvement of severity of eating disorders with our multidisciplinary intervention. The cognitive restraint factor (F1) was not significantly decreased after intervention (P=0.884), but disinhibition factor (F2) and hunger factor (F3) were significantly decreased (P<10−4 for both) showing less compulsive behaviours and better hunger perception. BMI was also decreased after the intervention from 35.8 to 35.5 (P=0.003). Waist hip ratio decreased from 0.86 to 0.85 (P=0.002) but muscle and fat mass were not significantly changed. Physical activity parameters were also improved, with 586 meters distance in 6minutes walking test instead of 499 meters (P<10−4) and 30 repetitions instead of 25 (P<10−4) in one minute sit-to-stand test. ConclusionsMost of patients were female, usually more frequent in eating disorders patients. More than 65% of patients had compulsive disorders without BED, which shows probably numerous atypical forms. Severity of eating troubles was decreased after intervention in disinhibition and perception of hunger, but cognitive restriction was increased in some patients, probably because they were trying to lose weight during SOFT program. In the same way, despite of a significant loss of weight, there was no change in muscle and fat mass proportions after intervention. By the way reducing restriction was sometimes inducing increase of intakes in some patients, and as a result no change observed in average body fat mass and muscle mass. After intervention we also noticed that waist circumference, hip circumference and waist-hip ratio were significantly decreased, probably thanks to physical activity targeting posture and improving global physical condition. We observed also best performances in muscle strength (sit to stand test) and in endurance (6minutes walking test). Main limitations in this study were: a non-randomized non controlled study design; lack of long term assessment (which is very important for maintaining weight and avoid medical complications of overweighting) and no assessment of patient's quality of life after intervention as we think this is a great part of motivation to maintain long term changes of way of life. Despite these limitations, we hope that this program could be extended to all patients suffering from obesity and eating disorders with efficiency on eating behaviour. Changes in eating behaviour and in physical activity seem to be the first step to maintain weight at a long term perspective.

Scaling vs Comprehensive Periodontal Therapy in Reducing Serum Lipid Levels in Patients with Hyperlipidemia

Chronic inflammatory conditions, such as periodontitis, have shown adverse lipid profiles. The periodontal bacterial burden can induce systemic levels of inflammatory mediators precipitating dyslipidemia. Several studies have provided convincing data linking periodontitis, metabolic syndrome and obesity. Based on these findings, this study gauged the impact of comprehensive periodontal care with surgical therapy on standard periodontal clinical indices, and parameters such as the Body-Mass Index (BMI), Waist-Hip circumference ratio (WHR), and serum lipid levels. Thirty patients with high lipid levels and chronic periodontitis were allocated randomly to group A, receiving complete periodontal therapy, and group B, with scaling only. Apart from BMI and WHR, plaque, and gingival indices, probing depth, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were recorded before and after three months of intervention. Data analysis utilized the paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Patients receiving complete periodontal treatment showed significantly reduced post-therapy lipid levels (TC, LDL), standard clinical indices (plaque and gingival indices) and probing depth, Body mass index, and waisthip ratio (p&lt; 0.05) compared to their respective baseline levels. Plaque index, Gingival index and probing depth were observed to correlate with total cholesterol levels. Therefore, alleviating conditions with persistent inflammation is essential to manage borderline hyperlipidemia.

Effects of intragastric balloon on obesity in obese Korean women for 6 months post removal.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESThe prevalence of morbid obesity in Korean women has consistently been increasing, while the overall prevalence rate of obesity in Korean women seems to be stable. In addition to bariatric surgery, intragastric balloons (IGBs), as a nonsurgical therapy, have been reported to be effective in weight loss. However, the beneficial effects of IGB in Korean women with obesity have not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in fat mass in Korean women with obesity who had undergone IGB treatment for 6 mon.SUBJECTS/METHODSSeventy-four women with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25.0 kg/m2) were recruited. Clinical data, including general information, comorbidities with obesity, anthropometric data, and changes in the body fat composition before and after IGB treatment, were obtained from the subjects.RESULTSMost subjects had one or more comorbidities, such as osteoarthropathy and woman's disease, and had poor eating behaviors, including irregular mealtimes, eating quickly, and frequent overeating. Body composition measurements showed that weight, fat mass, and waist-hip circumference ratio decreased significantly at 6 mon after IGB treatment. In particular, women with morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) showed 33% excess weight loss. There was no significant difference in skeletal muscle mass and mineral contents after IGB treatment.CONCLUSIONSThis study suggested that 6 mon of IGB treatment can be a beneficial treatment for obesity without muscle mass and bone mineral loss.

Factors Associated with Sweet Taste Sensitivity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Introduction: Taste sensitivity plays a vital role in determining food preferences. Evidence suggests that patients with diabetes are less sensitive to sweet taste. Increased sugar consumption due to low sensitivity adversely affect the glycemic control in Type 2Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Although the factors associated with taste sen­sitivity have been assessed in healthy individuals, it is less reported in T2DM. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with taste sensitivity for sucrose in patients with T2DM.Method: A sample of 111 patients, aged between 35-60 years, having T2DM for &gt; 5 years were considered. Baseline sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters were obtained. Supra-threshold intensity ratings for a range of sucrose concentrations were assessed using ‘general Labeled Magnitude Scale’. HbA1c was deter­mined at recruitment. Data was analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression.Results: Results showed that in patients with T2DM,a significant association was evident between the supra­threshold intensity ratings for the highest concentration of sucrose (2.02M) tested and the waist circumference (p=0.022), hip circumference (p=0.039) and waist-hip ratio (p=0.022). None of the other factors were signifi­cantly associated with either the highest or any other concentration tested.Conclusion: Reduction in waist circumference, hip circumference and waist hip ratio is likely to improve the sweet taste sensitivity in T2DM patients and vice versa. Maintaining these parameters within healthy limits may helpachieving a better glycemic profile through reducing the sugar consumption in patients with T2DM.

Hubungan Kebiasaan Olahraga, Rasio Lingkar Pinggang Pinggul, dan Kebiasaan Merokok dengan Kadar Kolesterol Total Pasien Poliklinik Jantung

High cholesterol levels constitute 56% of the factors that contribute greatly to the cause of CHD. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a disease of the heart and blood vessels caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries. The purpose of this study to analyze the relationship of sports habits, circumference waist hip ratio, consumption pattern, level of fiber adequacy, and smoking habits with total cholesterol levels heart policlinic patients RSUD Banten. This type of research uses a cross sectional design, with a sample of 96 respondents namely heart policlinic patients. Analysis of the data used in this study is the Chi-square test. The Results show Respondents with normal nutritional status were 66.70%, respondents who consumed cholesterol-lowering drugs were 55.2%. Respondents with normal cholesterol levels were 53.10%, respondents with exercise habits were 56.25%, respondents with RLPP were at a risk of 71.87%. Respondents did not smoke as much as 66.70%. There was a relationship between exercise habits, hip waist circumference ratio, to total cholesterol levels (p &lt;0.05). There is no relationship between smoking habits on total cholesterol levels (p&gt; 0.05). This study concluded that the sports habits, RLPP, affect total cholesterol levels, while smoking does not affect total cholesterol levels.&#x0D; &#x0D;