Vysocina Region Research Articles

Investigation of genetic diversity and polyandry of Leptinotarsa decemlineata using X-linked microsatellite markers

A panel of X-linked microsatellite markers was newly designed using the data from a previous sequencing project available in NCBI and used for a study of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata) X-haplotype variability. The analysis of scaffolds 49 and 61 (newly identified as fragments of CPB chromosome X) found ten high-quality markers, which were arranged in two PCR multiplexes and evaluated in both 420 CPB adults, collected from 14 localities of Czechia and Slovakia, and 866 larvae from five single-female families from two more Czech localities. Length polymorphisms found in 6 loci have predicted 192 potential X-haplotypes, however, only 36 combinations were detected in the adult males (N = 189), and seven additional ones in the larvae. The X-haplotypes were also generally unevenly distributed; five of the most frequent haplotypes were detected in 55% of males, 19 repeating up to ten-times in 38.7% of males and the remained 12 occurred uniquely in 6.3% of males. Bulk analysis of X-haplotypes dissimilarity indicated seven haplotype groups diversified by mutations and recombinations. Two haplotypes showed a distinctive regional distribution, which indicates an east–west disruption of CPB migration probably caused by different environments of localities in the South Bohemia region and Vysocina region. On the contrary, the results indicate a south–north migration corridor alongside the Vltava River. In the single-female families, from 6 to 13 distinct paternal haplotypes were detected, which proved and quantified a frequented polyandry in CPB.

Comparison of requirements of graduates entering employment in Vysočina Region and region Upper Austria

PurposeCurrently, owing to the influence of rapid globalisation, the issue of international and cross-cultural implementation of cross-cultural relationships is being widely discussed. This is also related to the readiness of graduates for international cooperation. The objective of this qualitative study is to identify and compare the requirements of company representatives from the Czech Republic – the Vysocina Region and Austria (Region Upper Austria) regarding the readiness of graduates to entering the workforce and the intercultural differences between the relevant regions.Design/methodology/approachA total of 20 Czech and Austrian companies from the relevant regions participated in the research. The results were obtained through in-depth guided interviews and a comparative method.FindingsThe qualitative study has theoretical implications in the context of new findings in the field of research. It contributes to the knowledge relating to the preparation of graduates for entering the workforce, and in the context of intercultural development, it extends this knowledge with the identified weaknesses of the mentioned preparation at the level of Czech or Austrian education.Originality/valueThe most effective and probable approach to enhance the development of cross-cultural competences in particular appears to be the integration of new techniques and content of education in the form of new subjects in cooperation with academics and practitioners from the particular country. Collaboration with these experts can build students' knowledge and skills from an intercultural environment to the highest degree possible.

NECPAL Tool Aids Early Identification of Palliative Care Needs.

Background: A key issue in the development of population-based access to palliative care is identification of appropriate patients. Objective: To evaluate the NECPAL (NECesidades Paliativas) tool to identify unmet palliative care needs in the Czech Republic in regional hospitals of the Vysocina region. Methods: We used the End-of-Life care information system (ELFis) to evaluate prognostication to aid the identification of palliative care needs. The evaluation process was developed in cooperation with the regional government and central health care insurance agency as a step toward the development of a nation-wide palliative care program. Results: Our results demonstrate that the NECPAL tool successfully identified palliative care needs in specifically prepared clinical environment. An important part of this is a support of main stakeholders and an effective leadership. Conclusion: An unexpected finding was the role that leadership played in testing the tool, and very short time (10 months) needed for statistically visible changes in a regional system of care.

Influence of land use on plant community composition in Vysocina Region grasslands, Czech Republic

Influence of land use on plant community composition in Vysocina Region grasslands, Czech Republic

Education towards Entrepreneurial Careers in a Czech College: An Empirical Study

The article presents the results of research into entrepreneurship education in economic and non-economic study programmes of the College of Polytechnics Jihlava (n = 104). The College represents a regional public college of professional orientation in the Vysocina Region, where the business potential is relatively high. Significant differences in attitudes concerning entrepreneurship among students of economic and non-economic programmes have not been proven. As well the correlation between attitudes (interest in conducting business, having preconceptions to start a business and subjective evaluation of one's own ideas) and the students' knowledge of entrepreneurship was not significantly demonstrated. Despite these insignificant differences, there have been links in students’ attitudes. Students of both programmes have a great interest in doing business even at the cost of having preconception to start a business. Above all, the high risk and uncertainty of business earnings are perceived very negatively. They also admit that they do not have enough knowledge and are thus afraid of starting a business, even though they have their own business ideas. Therefore, it is desirable to focus on new platforms for the development of entrepreneurship education and thus support the potential of students.

Disparities in Tourism Demand of UNESCO Destinations

This paper clarifies disparities in tourism demand of some chosen UNESCO destinations in the Czech Republic, which is located in Central Europe. The Czech Republic, despite its relatively small area, is an important destination for cultural tourism ? a large number of unique cultural and other historic monuments are located on its territory. Twelve of those historic monuments are inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, including the Czech capital, the city of Prague. As capitals are usually very different from the regions as far as tourism demand is concerned, another separate study area was chosen for this case ? the Vysocina Region located in the middle of the Czech Republic. This region has the most UNESCO World Heritage Sites of all the Czech regions ? there are three of them there: Telc, Trebic and Zelena hora in Ždar nad Sazavou. Within the framework of developing a new regional tourism strategy and at the request of the Regional Authority of the Vysocina Region, an extensive marketing survey among visitors to the region was carried out. This research was done by the College of Polytechnics Jihlava in 2014-2015 and within it, various characteristics of tourism demand in all three UNESCO destinations were gathered. The research provided background information for creating visitor profiles of the destinations. Primary data obtained from the questionnaire survey enabled, after being processed by various mathematical and statistical methods, a comparative analysis of the chosen UNESCO destinations in Central Europe in terms of tourism demand. Its results show, e.g. that all surveyed destinations attract mainly one-day visitors, but not all of them regard a visit to unique cultural heritage sites of those destinations as their main reason for travelling there. The research results show not only new visitor profiles of the UNESCO destinations in the smallest statistical unit (the municipality), but they can also be used by destination management for planning customised tourism development strategies. Moreover, the study gives a comprehensive picture of tourism demand, which is important for the regional policy. Finally, the paper can be used as a case study for sustainable development of tourism in other UNESCO destinations.

Measurement of Career-specific Parental Behaviors Perceived by Czech Adolescents

Parents are considered to be the main stakeholders for adolescents, helping them in their educational and career choices. Although theoretical and empirical studies have pointed out the links between career-specific parental behaviors and the career development of adolescents, there has been a lack of research in this area in the Czech Republic. One of the reasons is the absence of an instrument that would enable measurement of parental behaviors. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to provide a tool for measuring career-specific parental behaviors in the Czech environment — the Parent Career Behavior Checklist (PCBC) — to verify its psychometric properties and explore the associations between career-specific parental behaviors and selected demographic and school-related variables. The data collection took place in June 2017 and the participants were students in the Vysocina Region in vocational upper-secondary schools finishing with schoolleaving examinations or apprenticeship certificates (N = 501). Participant age ranged from 15 to 21 years (M = 17.19, SD = 1.10). The results show that the Czech version of the PCBC is an internally consistent and structurally valid tool for measuring two dimensions of career-specific parental behavior—(psychosocial) support and (instrumental) action. It was confirmed that mothers were more engaged in educational or career choices than fathers; mothers having tertiary education was an advantage for adolescents, which is reflected in increased support and action; and lower levels of support and action were perceived by adolescents who for various reasons were living exclusively with their fathers.

New Layout of the Main Network in the Vysočina Region

The aim of this contribution is to define the backbone road network of the Vysocina Region and to introduce a system of road management to this network. The determination of the extent of the backbone road network is based on multi-criterion decision-making methods, with traffic as the basic parameter for defining the backbone road network. This is referred to as the number of vehicles passing through that section for a specified period of time. Vehicles are further divided into categories according to their size. A new backbone road network layout is designed to better reflect the current situation. In addition, a road management system is in place for the costs that need to be incurred with regard to the nature of maintenance and repairs. The article does not refer to the division of these costs; it only refers to the problem. It is precisely the efficiency of spending on the infrastructure maintenance of the means of transport that has become a frequent topic of discussion in the assessment of the management of the individual road network owners. Quality, safety, and reliability of transport infrastructure are also a limiting factor for attracting significant investment into the regions and the socio-demographic aspects of the territory. The article analyses the road network from the point of view of traffic intensity. This assessment is most used in patch planning; therefore, a major part of the article is devoted to it. Part of the contribution is also devoted to the issue of public transport on this road network. Public transport is strongly linked to transport infrastructure and is often a crucial factor in planning, especially winter maintenance on lower-class roads. The quality and efficiency of the road network must be seen as a compact unit, which directly or indirectly affects the functioning of all institutions and citizens in the territory concerned.

To Join Small-Scale Forest Owners’ Associations or Not? Motivations and Opinions of Small-Scale Forest Owners in Three Selected Regions of the Czech Republic

This article analyses motivations and attitudes of small-scale forest owners in the Czech Republic towards joining associations. The research is a follow-up to a field investigation performed within the National Forest Programme II for 2007–2013 in the Vysocina region in 2010. The present research was carried out in the Pilsen region in 2012 and the Central Bohemia region in 2015, applying the same method of investigation as in 2010—a questionnaire survey. The findings are based on the results of all three surveys and supported by the analysis of legal and forestry-related documents concerning financial subsidies for forest owners’ associations. The study has revealed reluctance of small-scale owners to join associations. Their lack of motivation is caused by insufficient funding from the government supporting the administration and management of associations. The reluctance also results from the request for associations to be legal entities, which most applicants do not meet as they are either not registered or are registered under unsuitable legal forms. Between 2011 and 2013, no contributions were paid by the government to associations, and no new small-scale forest owners’ associations were formed. To increase associations, we propose that the government should provide sufficient funding not only for the administration and management of associations but also for the process of establishing associations and initial investments. It is also necessary to make major innovations in legislature regarding the transition of ownerships to more convenient legal forms.

Regional Development: Lifelong Learning as a Priority in Norway and the Czech Republic?

Lifelong learning (LLL) as part of the third mission agenda of higher education institutions (HEIs) has been prioritized yet understudied, especially regarding the implementation of supranational and national LLL strategies in institutional third mission arrangements. Addressing this limitation, the current paper aims at analyzing strategic approaches toward the institutionalization of LLL in the Czech Republic (CR) and Norway (NOR), with implications for HEIs in the Vysocina region (CR) and Agder region (NOR). More specifically, we comparatively explore the underlying characteristics of system-level LLL strategies and the extent to which those spill into the development policies of Vysocina and Agder as carried out by the regions’ HEIs and regional administrations. Utilizing a mixed approach methodologically and conceptually building on models of LLL by Schuetze and Casey (2006), our findings show different national approaches and aims of LLL; NOR is a close-to-open society model, and CR is closer to a human capital model. Nevertheless, LLL practices are rather similar in both countries, and they do tend to be only partial.

Identification of Knowledge Bases: The Case of the Czech Republic

This paper deals with the concept of differentiated knowledge bases, an area related to the study of the regional innovation systems. The concept explores the ways in which knowledge is involved in innovation processes and knowledge flows within and between organisations. Some limitation of this concept can be the fact that there is no clear methodology for identification of knowledge bases in regions. The aim of this paper is to propose appropriate indicators and methodology to empirically identify the knowledge base of a region. The second aim of this paper is to use this methodology for the identification of knowledge bases in the Czech regions. Based on this typology, the Czech regions are classified into four groups - those with a prevailing analytical, synthetic, analytical-synthetic, and synthetic-analytical knowledge base. The methods used for the classification include the point method and cluster analysis, which allows aggregating regions with similar characteristics. The Capital City of Prague, the South Bohemian Region, and the South Moravian Region were among the ones with an analytical base. A synthetic knowledge base was identified in the Liberec Region, the Zlin Region, and the Vysocina Region. One of the two transitional types was found in the remaining regions. In real-life practice the findings can be applied, above all, to the implementation of regional innovation policies, which should always respect the characteristics of the given region. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.27.5.14276

Posouzení vztahu mezi kvalitou vody a funkcemi malých vodních nádrží

Small water reservoirs are one of the principal elements of agricultural landscape in the Central European context. The monitoring of the quality of aquatic environment of selected ponds and small reservoirs (SWR) in areas of southern and central Moravia and the Vysocina Region was carried out in 2013 to 2015.

Stakeholder Approach to Evaluation of Tourism Development Plans

Stakeholder Approach to Evaluation of Tourism Development Plans Martin Lusticky, Vladislav Bina, Martin Musil Abstract Tourism development has its irreplaceable role in regional policy of almost all EU countries. The main goal of national and regional governments is to succeed in tourism market by increasing the competitiveness. The quality of strategic planning and plans can be considered as one of the most important factors of competitiveness of tourism destinations. This paper proposes a methodology for quality evaluation of tourism development plans by regional stakeholders which are crucial for tourism development. The evaluation results are used for selection of a benchmark from different Czech, Slovak and British regions by means of fuzzy TOPSIS method. The benchmark is analysed to identify transferable good practices. Subsequently, the quantification of the benchmarking gap between the benchmark and a tourism development plan of the Vysocina Region is realised. By means of the benchmarking gap analysis, the quality enhancement opportunities are identified and the good practices are used to eliminate the negative benchmarking gap. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/smq.v3n3a3

Profil návštěvníka regionu jihovýchod

The report deals with an analysis of the questionnaire inquiry results about Internal tourism in the Czech Republic in 2005 from the Czech Statistical Office sources. Besides basic information about the tourist trade statistics and terminology questions the core of this publication is the analysis of the Internal tourism in the NUTS II South-East region and both its parts (South Moravian region and Vysocina region) and its comparison with the Czech Republic. Authors tries to create a visitors background from the point of view of visit seasonality, a region from which he comes, an age, a travel purpose, a travel duration, an accommodation type, travel expenses and a conveyance used. Indicators were selected, in which the region visitors differ in comparison with the entire Czech Republic, eventually in which the visitors of South Moravian region differ from the Vysocina region visitors. At the conclusion authors speculate about the conditions of regional localization of the tourist trade satellite account in the Czech Republic.

Porovnání očních oddělení nemocnic kraje Vysočina pomocí DEA modelů

DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) models are usually used to find the relative efficiency among homogenous units according to selected criteria (inputs and outputs). Homogenous units are the units (companies, institutions, states) that produce equivalent outputs via using the same inputs but with different intensity. As the number of inputs and outputs included in the model can be higher, the DEA models rank among the methods of multi-criteria decision-making. In this article we try to compare the not-for-profit hospitals that are situated in Vysocina Region in these towns: Jihlava, Havlickuv Brod, Trebic and Nove Mesto na Morave. In this article we compare only the Departments of Ophthalmology in the hospitals named above. All the criteria for the comparison were selected in cooperation with the Section of Health Care of the Vysocina Region which also has given all the data. This article describes results of DEA models and suggestions how to improve the efficiency of the departments.

Ekonomický přínos zemědělství pro venkovskou ekonomiku: aplikace input-output analýzy

The paper presents the results of an input-output analysis identifying the role and the economic contribution of agriculture for the economy of rural Vysocina Region. Also the sectors that could most benefit the economic development of the Vysocina Region were revealed. To perform the analysis a regional input-output table was constructed by using GRIT methodology. The economic contribution of agriculture is not insignificant. An increase of agricultural production has not underlying influence on total regional production, however, it can positively affects regional incomes. The reduction of agricultural activities could lead to significant losses in income and employment in agriculture and consequential sectors and inhibit regional development. The strong relationship between agriculture and food processing industry can increase regional income and employment subsequently. Machinery, basic metals, construction, tourism and food processing industry play the significant role in the economic structure and can contribute to an increase of income, employment and production in Vysocina Region.

To the problems of agricultural brownfields in the Czech Republic - Case study of the Vysocina region

After 1989, Czech economy was transformed into free market economy and this brought many changes into agricultural sector. One of the changes was the decline of the volume of agricultural production which caused that many of objects used in agriculture lost their function and were not needed any more. Here begins the origin of agricultural brownfields. There was no interest in this problem for a long period; a bigger attention paid to brownfields started in the context of the Czech Republic entrance into the EU and with the possibility to draw finances for the brownfields’ regeneration from the structural funds of the EU. This article deals with the problematic of agricultural brownfields in the Vysocina Region since there were located 44 brownfields of this type and it is important to know about this and to set up a strategy to solve this problem.

Phytophthora alni causing decline of black and grey alders in the Czech Republic

Bleeding canker and decline of riparian alder populations has been animportant problem in many European countries, including the CzechRepublic. Initially, an ‘alder Phytophthora’ was isolated from damagedblack alder trees in western Bohemia near the town of Karlovy Vary in2001 (derny et al., 2003). The exact species identification was unknownat this time. Since its original discovery, we have isolated similar Phytoph-thora species from damaged innerbark and conductive tissues of decliningtrees of Alnus glutinosa and A. incana from approximately 60 alder standsin the Czech Republic. The pathogen has been spreading rapidly in theaffected alder stands, particularly in the western part of the Czech Republic.The pathogen has been frequently found in catchments of the Vltava riverand Ohre river (western, northern, middle, southern Bohemia, westernpart of Vysocina region). Extensive decline of alder trees has not beendetected in the eastern part of country (Moravia) yet, but the pathogen hasbeen found in watercourses in the upper part of catchment of the Dyje river(Vysocina region) and is likely spreading to the east. In 2004, the causalagent of alder decline in Britain was determined to be a new hybrid,designated as Phytophthora alni subsp. alni (Brasier et al., 2004).Symptoms on diseased trees were characteristic of bleeding canker andalder decline in other regions (Jung & Blaschke, 2004): small, yellowing,and sparse foliage, dieback in the canopy and bleeding cankers on treetrunks. Many isolated cultures were similar morphologically and hadcharacteristics that were consistent with P. alni subsp. alni (Brasier et al.,2004). Colonies growing on carrot agar (CA) were uniform, appressedwith sparse aerial mycelium. Radial growth was 7–9 mm per day at 20 °Con CA. Optimal growth temperature was 23–25°C , with several isolatesfailing to grow at 6 and 33°C. Isolates were homothallic with two-celled(22–31 × 12–20 μ m) amphigynous antheridia, producing abundantterminal, spherical oogonia (28–55 μ m in diam.) with moderatelyornamented walls. Many oogonia aborted at a rate of 20 to 60%. Sporan-giophores were simple with terminal sporangia, proliferating internally,often nested, ellipsoid in shape, measuring 38–65 × 25–41 μ m (length × width ratio 1·4–1·6), and had minute papilla or were non-papillate.Comparison of DNA sequences of ITS region of two isolates (GenBankAcc. Nos EF194776, EF194777) with acquired sequences with thosedeposited in GenBank, confirmed their identity as P. alni. Pathogenicitywas tested by artificial infection of 4-year-old black alder plants. Twentyplants were inoculated by placing segments of agar with mycelium, takenfrom the colony margin growing on CA, on the underbark at the collar ofplants. The characteristic necroses of collars and wilting of plants wereobserved after several weeks and the pathogen was reisolated from damagedtissues. The control group of alder plants inoculated with sterile agarremained healthy. This is the first positive identification of P. alni with proofof its pathogenicity of black and grey alder reported in the Czech Republic.ReferencesBrasier CM, Kirk SA, Delcan J, Cooke DEL , Jung T, Man in’t Veld WA, 2004.