Vortex Spun Yarn Research Articles

Investigating the influence of yarn characteristics on microfibre release from knitted fabrics during laundering

Microfibres generated and released during the use and laundering of textiles have been identified as an important source of environmental pollution. The quantity of microfibres released from a fabric can be influenced by several external factors, such as laundering conditions and consumer use, as well as intrinsic factors such as the fibre composition, yarn characteristics, and fabric structure. This study investigates the influence of various yarn characteristics on microfibre release from knitted fabrics as well as exploring the generation of microfibres during the knitting process. Fibre composition and the yarn spinning system has the greatest influence on microfibre release. The greatest quantity of microfibre was released from ring-spun lyocell (1313 ± 140 mg/kg) and the lowest quantity was released from vortex-spun polyester (80 ± 26 mg/kg). The yarn spinning system was also found to have a significant influence, with vortex-spun yarns consistently demonstrating lower microfibre release than corresponding ring-spun yarns, likely due to the reduced hairiness of yarns spun by the vortex system. The importance of fibre damage during the knitting process was also investigated. Several yarns demonstrated significantly greater microfibre release in knitted form compared to loose, hank form, but the scale of difference was found to be dependent on fibre composition.

Investigation on moisture management properties of knitted fabrics produced from vortex-spun yarns

The aim of this study was to investigate the liquid moisture management performance of knitted fabrics produced from vortex-spun yarns using different kinds of fibers and ratios. For this purpose, the vortex-spun yarns with 19.7 tex were obtained in different blend ratios in Murata Vortex Spinner by using different fibers. Then, these yarns were knitted in a circular knitting machine at two different stitch lengths and dyed considering fiber types. Moisture management properties of the produced fabrics were tested. The results revealed that moisture management properties of vortex knitted fabrics were much affected by fiber types in comparison with fabric tightness. Modal and nylon fibers have shown very positive results in terms of moisture management performance. The vortex-spun yarns having a low diameter, high shape values that are more rounded, and high density improved moisture management performance of the fabrics whereas the hairy yarns and higher fabric thickness reduced it.

An Overview on Spinning Mechanism, Yarn Structure and Advantageous Characteristics of Vortex Spun Yarn and Fabric

Spinning systems based on mechanical twisting device have their limitations in terms of technical feasibility and economic viability. Making effort on yarn formation with the swirling air concept arouse of interest of the researchers for a long time. Air jet spinning had offered this opportunity for yarn manufacturers to produce yarn at relatively high production rate. Vortex spinning technology is a modified form of air-jet spinning which has attracted a lot of attention because of its advantages over ring spinning, open end and air-jet spinning in terms of production rate and yarn quality parameters. In this study, with stating some historical background, the mechanism of vortex spinning, structure and characteristics of vortex spun yarn have been overviewed. The body of vortex yarn is mainly constituted with twistless and parallel core fiber held together by helical surface wrapper fibers. All designated fiber types are found in vortex yarn such as wild fibers, belly band fibers, parallel and helical fibers. In case of quality consideration, air-vortex yarn has higher values of tenacity compared to the rotor yarn & air-jet yarn. This yarn has also improved characteristics compared to the ring and rotor yarns in terms of hairiness, evenness and bending rigidity. On the other hand, the advantageous properties of fabric produced from vortex yarn such as pilling resistance, delicate printing capability, comfort characteristics etc. have been discussed. Finally, advantages obtained in some post spinning processes such as sizing, better loom shedding, drying of fabric after dyeing etc have also been mentioned in this paper.

Theoretical analysis of the yarn fracture mechanism of self-twist jet vortex spinning

According to the yarn mechanism of self-twist jet vortex spinning, this article analyzes the structure and the fracture mechanism of self-twist jet vortex spinning yarn. Combined with experiments, this article established that the fiber in self-twist jet vortex spun yarn has self-twist, which increases the mutual contact area and the cohesion between the fibers in the yarn. This is helpful to improve the evenness and tensile properties of jet vortex spun yarn. The self-twist jet vortex spinning can keep the high spinning speed of the jet vortex spinning at the same time. The research on self-twist jet vortex spinning lays the foundation for the research and the development of jet vortex spinning.

Moisture Management Behaviour of Knitted Fabric from Structurally Modified Ring and Vortex Spun Yarn

The acceptability of a new product is decided by its performance, level of improvement in quality and economy of production. The basic aim of generating micro pores in a textile structure is to provide better thermo-physiological comfort by enhancing the breathability and hence improving moisture management behaviour. In the present study, an attempt has been made to create a relatively more open structure through removal of a component. A comparative assessment with a homogeneous and parent yarn was also made. Yarns of two linear densities, each from ring and vortex spinning systems were produced using 100 % polyester and 80:20 polyester/cotton blend. The modified yarn was produced by removing a component, viz; cotton, by treatment with sulphuric acid from the blended yarn. The knitted fabric from modified yarn was found to show significant improvement in air permeability, water vapour permeability and total absorbency while the wicking characteristic was found to decline.

Effect of the Distance between Guided Needle and Cone Body on Properties of Vortex Spun Yarn

Effects of the distance between guided needle and cone body on properties of MVS yarns were investigated by numerical simulation. 5 groups of the distance are designed (0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm and 2.5mm). The 3D computational fluid dynamics models are established to conduct the numerical simulation of the airflow in the nozzle. Through analysis of the characteristics of air flow inside the different nozzles, such as pressure distribution and velocity vectors, the motion of drafted fibers and performances of yarns are discussed. Simulation results show that when the distance is 1.5mm, the airflow state within the nozzle is beneficial to form more open-ends and twist, and the yarn quality would be better.

Investigation of Moisture Transportation Properties of Knitted Fabrics Made from Viscose Vortex Spun Yarns

Moisture transportation through fabrics is one of the important parameters which affect clothing comfort. The combination of different factors which include fiber, yarn and fabric structure will yield varying degrees of clothing comfort. This research work concentrated on the use of viscose fibers spun on the vortex spinning system. Six knitted fabric samples were produced and tested for moisture transportation characteristics, which included air and water moisture permeability. The results indicate that all structures had high wicking levels in the wale than in the course direction. Similarly, all fabrics had poor drying abilities, but good water vapor permeability. There was a good correlation between air permeability and water vapor permeability of the fabrics. This was attributed to the fiber in the yarn not the fabric structure.

Wicking and drying properties of conventional ring- and vortex-spun cotton yarns and fabrics

This study investigated the vertical wicking, water absorption and drying properties of vortex- and ring-spun combed cotton yarns and knitted fabrics comparatively. The yarns were produced in three different counts as 30 Ne, 40 Ne and 50 Ne. The experimental results revealed that vortex-spun yarns had lower yarn and fabric wicking and water absorption values than ring-spun yarns. In addition, it was observed that yarn type did not have a significant impact on the drying time of the fabrics.

A study of the fiber distribution in yarn cross section for vortex-spun yarn

The image-processing method, based on Photoshop software, was used to analyze the fiber distribution pattern in yarn cross section for vortex-spun yarn. Fiber packing density and fiber effective packing density, as well as the fiber migration index, were investigated to provide a better understanding of the internal structures of vortex-spun yarn. The research results indicate that the vortex-spun yarn has a lower fiber packing density value than the conventional ring-spun yarn at the yarn center and surface. For the bamboo pulp fiber/white cotton blend vortex-spun yarn, the bamboo pulp fibers are more easily distributed in the yarn core. In addition, the coarser the vortex-spun yarn, the higher the migration level of the bamboo pulp fiber tending to migrate towards the inner layer of the blend yarn.

Assessing colour differences of viscose fabrics knitted from vortex-, ring- and open-end rotor-spun yarns after abrasion

The colour values of fabric samples that are knitted from vortex-spun (VS), open-end rotor-spun and ring-spun yarns were evaluated after abrasion. We measured the changes of colour properties of each sample, considering spinning system, dyeing concentration and abrasion cycle, which have effects on colour values. The colour values of dyed fabrics knitted from ring spun yarns showed less change after abrasion than that of dyed fabrics knitted from open-end rotor-spun and VS yarns, when the spinning systems were compared. The colour values of dyed fabrics knitted from VS yarns showed more changes after abrasion because of the smooth surface of VS yarns.

Analysis of the Fiber Spatial Trajectory in Vortex Spun Yarn

The principle and the process of yarn formation determine fiber migration and twist radial distribution in a yarn. Usually tracer fiber technology is introduced to discuss fiber configuration in the yarn body. There are few studies on fiber spatial configuration based on the principle and the process of yarn formation. In this paper, we discuss fiber spatial trajectory in vortex spun yarn from the viewpoint of the principle and the process of yarn formation. Based on the fiber movement rule, the parameter equations of fiber spatial trajectory in vortex spun yarn were established. The fiber spatial configuration and its influenced factors were analyzed. The research results showed that the fiber spatial configuration in vortex spun yarn consisted of the core fiber and the migration wrapper fiber as well as the regular wrapper fiber. The fiber spatial configuration in vortex spun yarn was affected by the following factors: delivery speed, distance from the front roller nip point to the hollow spindle, mean angular velocity for the open-end trailing fiber, fiber length, and vortex spun yarn diameter.

Investigation of Vortex Spun Yarn Properties in Comparison with Conventional Ring and Open-end Rotor Spun Yarns

In this study, the properties of ring, rotor, and vortex spun yarns produced in different counts from cotton, viscose rayon, and 50/50 cotton-modal blended fibers were investigated. Yarn samples were converted into knitted fabrics in a single jersey circular knitting machine and dyed with reactive dyestuff to determine the physical performances of the yarns in knitted form. The results revealed that vortex spun yarns have lower hairiness and better pilling resistance over ring and open-end rotor spun yarns. Furthermore, viscose rayon yielded more satisfactory results in the vortex spinning system in terms of yarn strength, particularly in coarser yarn counts and hairiness.

Comparative study on the characteristics of knitted fabrics made of vortex-spun viscose yarns

Murata vortex spinning system is based on the air jet spinning system. The vast majority of previous works deal with the properties of vortex spun (VS) yarn and the spinning system. In this study, we investigated knitted fabrics from VS yarn in comparison with fabrics from ring (RS), compact (CS) and open-end rotor (OES) spun yarns made from viscose. The effect of yarn spinning system on dimensional and physical properties of knitted fabrics was explained with specific attention to fabrics from VS yarn. Shrinkage of fabrics from VS yarn has the lowest at widthwise direction, while having the highest at lengthwise direction. It is shown that the order of fabric spirality and twist liveliness for yarns from different spinning systems are quite similar. However, relation between loop shape factor and angle of spirality is inconsistent. Angle of spirality of fabrics from VS yarn is higher than fabrics from OES yarn, but lower than that of others. The bursting strength of fabrics from VS yarn is lower than that of those from RS and CS yarns and higher than that of those from OES yarn. From this study, it is also evident that fabrics from VS yarn have the lowest pilling tendency and highest resistance to abrasion.

Effects of some Process Parameters on the Structure and Properties of Vortex Spun Yarn

The effects of a number of process parameters, including the nozzle angle, nozzle pressure, spindle diameter, yarn delivery speed, and distance between the front roller and the spindle, on the structure and properties of vortex spun yarns were investigated. A modified version of the tracer fiber technique ( J. Text. Inst.,43, T60-T66, 1952) combined with the Image Analysis Application Version 3.0 (B.A.R.N. Engineering) was utilized to explore yarn structure. The migration behavior of fibers was characterized using the migration parameters introduced by Hearle et al. ( Text. Res. J.,35, 329-334,788-795, 1965). The results showed that the short front roller to the spindle distance caused better evenness, low imperfections, and less hairiness. High nozzle angle, high nozzle pressure, low yarn delivery speed and small spindle diameter reduced hairiness as well. High nozzle angle, high nozzle pressure and low speed also led to higher fiber migration. Surprisingly nozzle angle, nozzle pressure or delivery speed did not have any significant effects on yarn tensile properties. This is believed to be caused by the relatively small differences between the levels of these parameters used in the trials. The present study provides a window into the vortex spinning technology, but further research needs to be conducted to establish a “process-structure-property model” for vortex yarns.

Effect of Some Variables on Properties of 100% Cotton Vortex Spun Yarn

This paper examines the influence of various parameters such as delivery speed, nozzle pressures, and yarn count on the properties of vortex yarns produced using a Murata vortex spinning system. The results indicated that the delivery speed, nozzle pressure, and yarn count are all significant parameters for yarn evenness, imperfections, hairiness and tensile properties. Our findings show that increasing the delivery speed increases the hairiness and decreases the number of neps, and the tensile properties of vortex yarns. When the nozzle pressure increases, yarn unevenness, the number of thick places, the neps values, and the tensile properties of vortex yarns increases but the hairiness values of vortex yarns decreases. In general, the physical, the hairiness, and the tensile properties of coarser vortex yarns are better than finer yarns.