Voltage-mode Universal Biquadratic Filter Research Articles

Three inputs and one output voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using one CCII and one CCIII

A voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using one second-generation current conveyor (CCII), one third-generation current conveyor (CCIII), two capacitors and two resistors is presented. The proposed voltage-mode biquadratic circuit has three input terminals and one output terminal and can realize all the standard filter functions that are highpass, bandpass, lowpass, notch and allpass filters without changing the circuit topology. Both its active and passive sensitivities are small. The proposed circuit does not need one more active component for the unity-gain inverting of the input signal in each filter realization.

Supplementary CCII based second-order universal filter and quadrature oscillators

A voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter and two quadrature oscillators (QOs) based on CCIIs namely second-generation current conveyors are proposed. The proposed filter with one output and three inputs consists of two CCIIs, three resistors and two capacitors. It can provide all the standard second-order universal filter transfer functions with appropriate choice of input voltages. It also has the orthogonal control of the quality factor and angular resonance frequency. However, a resistive matching condition is required for the all-pass responses. The first proposed QO includes two CCIIs, three resistors and two grounded capacitors while the second one is composed of three plus-type CCIIs, three resistors and two grounded capacitors. By a single grounded resistor, oscillation frequencies of both of the proposed QOs can be controlled orthogonally. Furthermore, in order to confirm the theory, a lot of simulation and experimental results are given.

Current inverting metamutator, its implementation with a new single active device and applications

A new kind of metamutator, namely "Current Inverting Metamutator", its realizations using different types of active blocks and some of its applications like voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with three input and one output terminals are presented. The proposed circuits can realize all standard filters, namely, low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, notch and all-pass without passive component matching conditions. The proposed circuit offers the features of using grounded capacitors and orthogonal controllability of angular frequency and quality factor. Then a novel realization of metamutator with one active device, additive and differential IC (AD-IC) is proposed and implemented with twelve transistors only. The metamutator with AD-IC has the advantages: (1) of creating new realizations of memristors, capacitance multipliers, inductor simulators, frequency dependent negative resistors which can be used to make IC active filters, (2) less is the number (only one) of active devices, less is the amount of disparity, (3) no need to match passive component values.

Fully‐balanced four‐terminal floating nullor for ultra‐low voltage analogue filter design

This study presents a new complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) structure for a fully balanced four-terminal floating nullor (FBFTFN) which is suitable for ultra-low-voltage and low-power applications. This structure employs a bulk-driven quasi-floating-gate (BD-QFG) metal–oxide–semiconductor transistor technique to provide the capability of ultra-low-voltage, low-power operations as well as extended input voltage range. The functionality of the proposed circuits is demonstrated through simulations using SPICE and TSMC 0.18 µm n-well CMOS technology with supply voltage of 0.5 V and dissipation power of 9.4 µW. To confirm the attractive features of the proposed circuit, the fully balanced filters such as band-pass Sallen–Key filter, voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter and current-mode sixth-order low-pass filter using proposed BD-QFG FBFTFN as active elements have been designed.

Five-inputs single-output voltage mode universal filter with high input and low output impedance using VDDDAs

The design of analog filter using active building block has been gained significant attention and has become an interesting research topic. A five-inputs single −output voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using active building block, namely voltage differencing differential difference amplifier (VDDDA) is presented in this paper. The proposed filter consists of two VDDDAs and two grounded capacitors. The presented circuit has high impedance for all input voltage nodes and low impedance for output voltage node which is ideal for cascade in voltage-mode circuit without the use of buffer circuits. It can provide five output voltage functions which are band-pass (BP), low-pass (LP), band-reject (BR), high-pass (HP) and all-pass (AP) responses. For high-pass and band-pass functions, the inverting and non-inverting response can be achieved. The matching condition, the inverting and double gain amplifier are not required which is easy to select the output response by digital method. The natural frequency and quality factor can be electronically tuned that is attractive for microcomputer or microcontroller controllability. To verify the validity of proposed filter, the PSPICE simulation and experimental results using VDDDA constructed from commercially available IC are included. The measured results agree well with theoretical expect.

Voltage-mode biquadratic filters using single DDCCTA

This paper presents two voltage-mode universal biquadratic filters based on a single differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplifier (DDCCTA). Each of the proposed circuits comprises a single DDCCTA combined with passive components that can realize lowpass (LP), highpass (HP), bandpass (BP), bandstop (BS), and allpass (AP) filtering responses from the same configuration. The first proposed configuration can be used as either a high-input impedance single-input four-output multifunction filter or three-input four-output universal filter. The second proposed circuit with single-input five-output is slightly modified from the first proposed configuration that can simultaneously realize LP, HP, BP, BS, and AP filtering responses. The proposed circuits enjoy the features of orthogonal tunable of resonance angular frequency and quality factor, only using grounded capacitors, and low active and passive sensitivities. Experimental and H-Spice simulation results are given to confirm theoretical analyses.

A Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter Using DDCCTA

This paper presents a new voltage-mode (VM) universal biquadratic filter using differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplifier (DDCCTA) as an active element. The circuit employs one DDCCTA, two floating resistors and two floating capacitors which can realize five biquadratic filters, namely low-pass (LP), band-pass (BP), band-stop (BS), high-pass (HP) and all-pass (AP) into one single topology. For realizing these filtering functions, passive component-matching conditions, inverting-type and/or doubling-input signal requirements and changing circuit configuration are absent. The natural angular frequency and quality factor of the filter can be orthogonally controlled deliberately. The VM biquadratic filter using grounded passive components with high-input and low-output impedances can be obtained by adding an additional DDCCTA or differential difference current conveyor (DDCC). The simulation results with 0.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS process from MIETEC are given to confirm the theoretical predictions and the experimental results are also included to verify the workability of the proposed structure.

Voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with one input and five outputs using two DDCCTAs

This paper presents a new high input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter constructing with two differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplifiers (DDCCTAs), two grounded capacitors and two resistors. The presented filter can realize all the five standard biquadratic functions simultaneously without requiring any component matching conditions. Moreover, the circuit enjoys (i) the employment of two grounded capacitors, (ii) high input impedance and (iii) orthogonal tunability of the parameters resonance angular frequency (ωo) and quality factor (Q). HSPICE simulation results confirm the theoretical analysis.

Electronically tunable voltage-mode universal filter with single-input five-output using simple OTAs

This article presents a new electronically tunable voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with single-input five-output using simple operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and grounded capacitors. The proposed configuration provides low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, band-stop and all-pass voltage responses at a high-impedance input terminal that enables easy cascading in voltage-mode. The natural frequency and the quality factor can be set orthogonally by adjusting the circuit components. The natural frequency can also be controlled electronically by adjusting the bias currents of the OTAs. For realising all the five standard filtering functions, no critical-matching conditions are imposed and all the incremental parameter sensitivities are low. Experimental and simulation results that confirm the theoretical predictions are given.

A New MISO-Type Voltage-Mode Universal Biquad Using Single VD-DIBA

A new multiple-input single-output-(MISO-)-type multifunction voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter employing single voltage differencing differential input buffered amplifier (VD-DIBA), two capacitors, and one resistor are proposed. The proposed structure can realize second-order low pass, high pass, band pass, band stop, and all pass filter responses without altering the circuit topology. The proposed new filter configuration also provides the following advantageous features, not available simultaneously in any of the single active device /element-based universal biquad in realizing all the five filter functions known earlier so far: (i) no requirement of any passive component(s) matching condition or inversion of input signal(s), (ii) independent electronic control of angular frequency () and bandwidth (BW), and (iii) low active and passive sensitivities. SPICE simulation results have been included using 0.35 µm TSMC technology to confirm the validity of the proposed new universal biquadratic filter configuration.

Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter Using Single DVCC

A voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using a differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC), two capacitors, and two resistors is presented. The proposed circuit has four input terminals and three output terminals and can realize all the standard filter functions, which are lowpass, bandpass, highpass, notch, and allpass filters, without changing the circuit topology. Three simultaneous output filter responses can be obtained from some derived filter types. The proposed circuit employs only one DVCC that simplifies the configuration.

Voltage-Mode Universal Biquad Filter Employing Single Voltage Differencing Differential Input Buffered Amplifier

A new multi function voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using single Voltage Differencing Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA), two capacitors and one resistor is proposed. The proposed configuration has four inputs and one output and can realize all the five standard filters from the same circuit configuration. The presented biquad filter offers low active and passive sensitivities. The validity of proposed universal biquadratic filter has been verified by SPICE simulation using 0.35 μm MIETEC technology.

Digitally Programmable Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter

A single input multi-output voltage mode universal biquadratic filter has been presented. The circuit incorporates digital programmability employing three plus-type differential voltage current conveyors (DVCCs), two grounded capacitors and three resistors. The circuit exhibits high input impedance realizes all the standard filter functions having orthogonal control of cut-off frequency and quality factor. Parameter tunability is achieved by the use of a 3–bit digital control word. The proposed circuits are amenable for monolithic integration by virtue of the fact that only grounded capacitors are employed. Circuit simulations using PSPICE are in perfect agreement with the theoretically predicted results.

Supplementary High-Input Impedance Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter Using DVCCs

To further extend the existing knowledge on voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter, in this paper, a new biquadratic filter circuit with single input and multiple outputs is proposed, employing three differential voltage current conveyors (DVCCs), three resistors, and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit realizes all the standard filter functions, that is, high-pass, band-pass, low-pass, notch, and all-pass filters simultaneously. The circuit enjoys the feature of high-input impedance, orthogonal control of resonance angular frequency (<svg style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:16.862499px;" id="M1" height="11.0375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16.862499 11.0375" width="16.862499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜔</tspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">o</tspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>), and quality factor (<i >Q</i>) via grounded resistor and the use of grounded capacitors which is ideal for IC implementation.

High Input Impedance Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter with Three Inputs and Six Outputs Using Three DDCCs

A new high input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with three input terminals and six output terminals is presented. The proposed circuit uses three plus-type differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs), three resistors, and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit can realize all the standard filter functions, namely, lowpass, bandpass, highpass, notch, and allpass, simultaneously, without component matching conditions. The proposed circuit still offers the features of high input impedance, using only grounded capacitors, and orthogonal controllability of resonance angular frequency and quality factor.

HIGH INPUT IMPEDANCE VOLTAGE-MODE UNIVERSAL FILTER AND QUADRATURE OSCILLATOR

A new single input and five outputs high input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using three DVCCs, five passive components is presented. The proposed circuit offers the following features: high input impedance, realization of all the standard filter functions, that is, high-pass, band-pass, low-pass, band reject and all-pass filters simultaneously, the use of grounded capacitor, orthogonal control of ω0 and Q, no need to employ inverting type input signals, and no need to impose component choice except realizing the all-pass filter signal. A new quadrature oscillator circuit is also realized. PSPICE simulations using 0.35 μm TSMC CMOS parameters confirm the validity of the proposed circuit.

Electronically tunable high-input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter based on simple CMOS OTAs

This paper describes a new electronically tunable three inputs and single output voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter based on simple CMOS operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and grounded capacitors. The proposed configuration provides lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop and allpass voltage responses at a high impedance input terminal, which enable easy cascadability. Additionally, the circuit parameters ω o and Q can be set orthogonally by adjusting the transconductances and grounded capacitors. The filter also offers an independent electronic control of parameters ω o by adjusting the transconductance through the bias current/voltage of the OTA. For realizing all the filter responses, no critical component matching condition is required, and all the incremental parameter sensitivities are low. PSPICE simulation results are performed to confirm the theoretical analysis.

Lossless inductance simulation and voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with one input and five outputs using DVCCs

A lossless floating inductance has been simulated using two differential voltage current conveyors, two resistors and one grounded capacitor. The proposed floating inductance needs not component ma...

Versatile universal voltage-mode filter employing minimum components

A novel versatile single FDCCII-based voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with three inputs and four outputs is presented. The proposed circuit can act as a multifunction voltage-mode filter with two inputs and four outputs and can perform simultaneous realization of voltage-mode bandreject, highpass, bandpass and lowpass filter signals from the four output terminals, respectively. On the other hand, it also can act as a universal voltage-mode filter with three inputs and a single output and can realize five generic voltage-mode filter signals without requiring any inverting input voltage signals and component-matching conditions. The proposed circuit employing single FDCCII, two grounded capacitors and two resistors, which are the minimum components necessary for realizing a second-order voltage-mode universal filtering response from the same topology. Both its active and passive sensitivities are low.

High Input Impedance Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter with Three Inputs Using DDCCs

A new high input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with three input terminals and five output terminals is presented. The proposed circuit uses three plus-type differential difference current conveyors, two grounded resistors and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit can realize all the standard filter functions: lowpass, bandpass, highpass, notch and allpass, without component matching conditions. The proposed circuit offers the features of high input impedance, low active and passive sensitivities and the use of only grounded resistors and capacitors.