Voivodeship Administrative Court Research Articles

Idea obywatelskiego nieposłuszeństwa. Kilka słów po wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Opolu (II SA/Op 219/20) oraz wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego (II GSK 292/21)

The global SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic carried a number of restrictions and prohibitions, the manifestation of which in Poland was, i.a., cyclical closing and opening of selected branches of the economy, which for the vast majority of entrepreneurs meant – at best – an uncertain future. The lack of clear and consistent actions when introducing restrictions and bans by the Polish Council of Ministers, as well as the failure to provide real financial aid, resulted in the growing opposition of many entrepreneurs, which in turn translated into breaking or circumventing the applicable regulations regarding restrictions and prohibitions in the field of economic freedom. Can such an action be considered a manifestation of civil disobedience? The author’s attempt to obtain an answer to this question is the result of the judgment of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Opole of 27 October 2020 (II SA/Op 219/20), which for many Polish entrepreneurs was an excuse to express their civic objection and open a business against applicable restrictions and limitations, as well as the judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of 28 August 2022 (II GSK 292/21).

Skutki uwzględnienia przez wojewódzki sąd administracyjny skargi na sprzeciw Ministra Sprawiedliwości w sprawie wpisu na listę radców prawnych

The consequences of a voivodeship administrative court’s upholding the complaint on the Ministry of Justice’s opposition to registration on the list of attorneys-at-law The main aim of this work is to analyze the consequences voivodeship administrative court’s ruling which revokes the opposition to registration on the legal counsel’s list issued by the Ministry of Justice. The main issue here is the fact, that due to Article 152 § 1 of the Act on Administrative Courts Proceedings, the effect of a ruling which revokes the administrative act is that the legal effects of such an act are suspended until the court’s ruling will not be final and enforceable. In such a case, an important question arises – should the competent authorities of the National Bar of Attorneys-at-Law assume that the registration on the attorneys at law’s list is legal and as a result set the date for the candidate to take the oath? The analysis of the law and the nature of the Ministry’s objection leads to conclusions that the aforementioned effect of Article 152 § 1 does not occur in such a case. This is due to the dual nature of the objection. On the one hand, it is an administrative act (conventional activity), but on the other hand, it is part of the hypothesis of the legal norm preventing the release of the disposition. As a result, it can be assumed that the objection in this regard is a factual act.

Wyrok Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Szczecinie z dnia 6 kwietnia 2022 r. (I SA/Sz 64/22)

O zaistnieniu przesłanek do przyjęcia stałego miejsca prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej przez skarżącą w kraju nie może przesądzać także okoliczność wynajmowania przez skarżącą pojazdów w kraju jedynie spółce zależnej czy też okres najmu pojazdów, bowiem strona umowy najmu ani okres trwania tejże umowy nie świadczą o miejscu prowadzenia działalności przez właściciela wynajmującego pojazdy.

Wyznaczenie pełnomocnika podmiotu leczniczego przez Ministra Zdrowia. Glosa do wyroków Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Warszawie o sygn. V SA/Wa 3081/21 oraz VIII SA/Wa 282/21

The judgments referred to in the summary raise the issue of management of hospitals in the times of epidemics. The precedent decisions of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw have been analysed, verifying not only the legitimacy of appointing hospital attorneys but also important interpretation guidelines included in their content concerning appointment of attorneys in the future. Authors of this publication try to bring closer the most important aspects of factual states and legal conditions leading to the appointment of hospital proxies, the legitimacy of recourse to the institution of expropriation and the merits of legal assessments expressed by the administrative court.

Krąg osób mogących uczestniczyć w postępowaniu sądowoadministracyjnym dotyczącym dostępu do informacji publicznej. Glosa aprobująca do wyroku NSA z dnia 4 listopada 2016 r., I OSK 1372/15

The Supreme Administrative Court dismissed the cassation appeal of the First President of the Supreme Court against the judgment of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw, revoking the decision to refuse to sharing the public information. The decision concerned the refusal to sharing information about the civil law contracts concluded by the Supreme Court, due to the protection of personal data and the privacy of natural persons. An important issue in the present case is the possibility of participation in the proceedings of persons whose personal data relates to the application. The dogmatic analysis allows to assume that while such persons cannot participate in the public information sharing procedure, their participation as participants in administrative court proceedings is possible, based on Art. 33 § 2 of the Law on Administrative Court Procedure. The protection of privacy is in the legal interest of these people, even on the basis of Art. 47 of the Constitution.

Judgment of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Szczecin of 2 February 2021 (I SA/Sz 794/21

Judgment of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Szczecin of 2 February 2021 (I SA/Sz 794/21

Wykonywanie obowiązków ustawowych pomimo braku wydanych przepisów wykonawczych w zakresie prowadzenia wizyjnego systemu miejsca magazynowania odpadów. Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Białymstoku z dnia 9 czerwca 2020 r. (II SA/Bk 16/20, CBOSA)

<p>The Voivodeship Administrative Court in Bialystok, in its judgement of 9 June 2020, dismissing the complaint of the limited liability company in H., on the post-inspection orders of the Podlaskie Voivodeship Inspector for Environmental Protection in Bialystok of 6 November 2019, considered the necessity to fulfill the obligation under Article 25 para. 6a of the Act on Waste, i.e. the operation of a visual control system for the place of waste storage, in force, in the opinion of the Court, from February 2019, despite the lack of executive acts issued by the competent minister. Determining the requirements for the visual control system of the place of storage or storage of waste, the minimum requirements for the technical devices of the vision control system and the requirements for the storage and sharing of the recorded image, guided by the need to enable supervision over the activities in the field of waste management, was established pursuant to the provisions of the Regulation of 29 August 2019 which entered into force in December 2019. In the opinion of the Court, the provisions of the Act on Waste do not have to be met together with the provisions issued on the basis of the Regulation, as the standards of the implementing acts only supplement the general conditions resulting from the statutory provisions.</p>

Opodatkowanie nabycia nieruchomości w drodze działu spadku. Glosa do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 13 października 2015 r. (II FSK 2133/13, LEX nr 1808541)

<p>The commented judgement concerns the taxation of acquisition of immovable property by inheritance division. In the applicant’s opinion dissolution of co-ownership is not an acquisition of assets if it is within the share which the former co-owners had in the common property and was carried out without any repayments or surcharges. If the acquisition of one-half of the property occurred upon the death of the testator, but through the subsequent abolition of co-ownership, the applicant acquired nothing more than what he already owned, the abolition of co-ownership does not constitute an acquisition and has no tax consequences. According to the tax authority, this position is incorrect. The applicant acquired half of the share in the property by way of inheritance and division of inheritance and a half share in the property by way of abolition of co-ownership. The administrative courts have held that the tax authority’s position is incorrect. In administrative cases, it may be necessary to use external systemic interpretation and reference by the administrative authorities to the relevant provisions of civil law. In the Supreme Administrative Court’s opinion, point of the dispute in this case is based on the conclusion what date should have been taken as the date of acquisition of the property (interest in the property). Resolution of this issue required a detailed analysis of the provisions of the Civil Code. Although, not all relevant issues have been considered by the Voivodeship Administrative Court, the decision of the court of first instance is in fact lawful. The gloss is approving and declares that the position taken in the judgement of the Supreme Administrative Court is correct.</p>

Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Warszawie z dnia 25 czerwca 2019 r. (VI SA/Wa 904/19)

<p>The provisions of Article 99 (4) of the Pharmaceutical Law Act stipulate the requirements for obtaining a permit for operating a generally accessible pharmacy by a given entity. The entity operating the pharmacy obtained permission before the amendment of this provision by the amendment to the Pharmaceutical Law, but applied for its change after the entry into force of this amendment. Both the Voivodeship Pharmaceutical Inspector and the Main Pharmaceutical Inspector concluded that the entity applying for a change of authorization to operate a pharmacy, which it obtained before the entry into force of the Amendment Act, must meet the requirements imposed by the currently applicable provisions of the Pharmaceutical Law. The Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw annulled the decisions of both instances appealed by the entity requesting a change of authorization. The gloss to the Court’s judgement is critical, in particular as regards the Court’s interpretation of the inter-temporal provisions contained in the Amending Act.</p>

Glosa do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 25 kwietnia 2018 r. (II GSK 2337/16)

<p>The subject of this gloss is the judgement of the Supreme Administrative Court in case of imposing an administrative monetary penalty for movement of non-normative vehicle on public road in which the judgement of Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw was set aside and return the case for re-examination. In this judgement, the formation of the court, in a way going against the previous line of jurisprudence, stated that decoding the meaning of “axle load provided for a given road” may result from the application of a functional interpretation driectives, and thus, the basis for its determination may also be the regulation of the Minister of Infrastructure of 31 December 2002 on the Technical Conditions of Vehicles and the Scope of Their Necessary Equipment. The content of the sentence itself and the reasons for the judgement do not allow for its approval, therefore the gloss has a critical character.</p>

Gloss to the Judgement of the Supreme Administrative Court of 8 May 2018 (II OSK 1926/17)

<p>By the judgement of 8 May 2018 (II OSK 1926/17), the Supreme Administrative Court dismissed the cassation appeal of the Lublin Provincial Heritage Conservation Officer against the judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Lublin of 6 April 2017 (II SA/Lu 1119/16), in which the Court found ineffective inclusion of a real estate monument record card (the area of the former Jewish cemetery in Biłgoraj at Maria Konopnicka Street) in the provincial record of historical monuments. The Supreme Administrative Court stressed that although the judgement under appeal was incorrectly reasoned, it was in accordance with the law since there were grounds for declaring the contested act ineffective. The aforementioned judgement deserves attention due to the fact that it expresses the position that it is impossible to apply the general principles of the Code of Administrative Procedure in the proceedings conducted by the provincial heritage conservation officer concerning the inclusion of the record card of a historical monument in the provincial record of monuments. The purpose of the gloss is to refer to this view.</p>

Glosa do postanowienia Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Białymstoku z dnia 28 czerwca 2019 r. (II SAB/Bk 43/19, LEX nr 2686855)

<p>The decision of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Białystok concerns the rules for handling the documentation of court cases, which, after a certain period of time, the court archive no longer has to be kept by the court. If such documentation does not have the status of archival material, it is allocated to waste paper (i.e. to be destroyed). The problem which the ruling concerns is the question of whether the files of court cases to be destroyed can be handled differently, in particular whether they can be sold to one of the parties to the court proceedings. The authors consider the above issue through the prism of binding regulations in the field of archival law.</p>

Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego we Wrocławiu z dnia 23 sierpnia 2017 roku, I SA/Wr 524/17

GLOSS TO JUDGEMENT OF THE VOIVODESHIP ADMINISTRATIVE COURT OF WROCŁAW OF 23 AUGUST 2017, CASE NO. I SA/WR 524/17The judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court of Wrocław of 23 August 2017, case no. I SA/Wr 524/17, commented in this gloss, refers to problem of interpretation general clauses in discretional decisions of tax administration organ regarding grant tax relief, such as arranging instalments to pay. In commentor’s opinion, arguments given by the Court should be criticised due to its laconism about administrative discretion, content of general clauses and ignorance of tax authority’s breach of procedure. The author compares those arguments with some juridical doctrine and court jurisdiction and suggests more accurate solution for that case. This paper has significant meaning in understanding a complex process of proper application of legal regulation involving general clauses. It is especially important in demanding cases for the whole tax system and individuals in such a difficult economic situation as the possibility of giving tax relief upon the taxpayer’s request.

Sprzeciw – nowy środek kontroli decyzji kasacyjnej w postępowaniu sądowoadministracyjnym

The subject matter of this article concerns the objection as a very new court control system of appeal against sentence in administrative procedure. The above-mentioned issue does stem from novelisation of administrative proceedings which are regulated in Act of 1 June 1960. The content of this study encompasses the premises for objection on decision and focuses on changes of the Polish Administrative Code from 2017. First of all, the author describes the objection, specially its form and legal character. In the further part, the paper focuses upon on differences between the objection on decision and complaint about the court's judgment known from the old legal status. Attention was also paid to the problem of the acceptability of objection which is based only on decision regulated in Art. 138 § 2 of the Polish Administrative Code. In addition, the author raises a very important issue of jurisdiction of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in this case.

Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Gliwicach z dnia 17 czerwca 2014 r., sygn. akt II SA/Gl 55/14

Commentary to the Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Gliwice of 17 June 2014, II SA/Gl 55/14

Glosa do wyroku WSA w Białymstoku z dnia 27 lutego 2014 r., II SA /Bk 702/13

Commentary to the Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Bialystok of 27 February 2014, II SA /Bk 702/13

Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w O lsztynie z dnia 4 września 2012 r. w s prawie sygn. akt II SA/Ol 511/12

Comment on Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Olsztyn of 4 September 2012, II SA/Ol 511/12

Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Olsztynie z dnia 30 września 2010 r. w s prawie sygn. II SA/Ol 382/10

Comment on Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Olsztyn of 30 September 2010, II SA/Ol 382/10

Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 28 września 2010 r., sygn. II SA/Ol 451/10

Comment on Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court of 28 September 2010, II SA/Ol 451/10