Vocational High School Research Articles

Advancing Fashion Design Education: Evaluating the Eligibility of Video Tutorial Media for Basic Pattern Content in Vocational High School

Technological innovation should be optimally applied to all subjects, without exception art and design education in SMK. The presence of technology and learning media there should also not only improve learning methods but also make people easier to get information. This research aims to create a technological innovation in the form of Video Tutorials for learning Drawing Patterns for vocational high school students. This research is a type of research and development (R&D) by adopting 7 steps from 10 steps proposed by Borg & Gall. The subjects involved in this research consisted of 2 media experts, 2 material experts, and 3 teachers. The data collection techniques were non-test, namely interviews, observations and questionnaires. The research instruments used were a list of questions, an observation sheet and a video media feasibility questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by finding the average, then described in paragraph form to provide an overview of the field findings and media feasibility. The results showed that the average acquisition of media experts I, II, II respectively received the Good category. As for the results of the practitioner's assessment, the average score obtained by teachers I and II consecutively fell into the Good category. Thus, video tutorial media for learning to draw patterns is declared feasible to use as learning media. The research findings successfully show that video tutorials empower students to learn independently and improve their pattern making skills, as well as enable teachers to deliver visually appealing learning, thus encouraging better information absorption among students.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ LISTENING COMPREHENSION THROUGH YOUTUBE AT SMK MITRA NUSANTARA JATIBENING BARU PONDOK GEDE – BEKASI IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2023/2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using YouTube as a medium to enhance English listening comprehension among students at SMK Mitra Nusantara, Bekasi, during the 2023/2024 academic year. Conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR), the research involved a cyclical process of planning, action, observation, and reflection, targeting 25 students from class XI TKR. The data collection methods included observation and listening comprehension tests, analyzed through both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results indicated a significant improvement in students' listening comprehension, as evidenced by the increase in average test scores from 70.4 in the pre-test to 71.92 in Cycle 1, and 81.24 in Cycle 2. Additionally, the number of students meeting the minimum competency criteria rose from 11 in the pre-test to 16 in Cycle 1 and 22 in Cycle 2. Qualitative observations also revealed heightened student engagement and motivation when using YouTube in the classroom. This study recommends that integrating YouTube into listening instruction can serve as an effective strategy for enhancing listening skills at the vocational high school level.

Pengembangan Keterampilan Las Listrik SMAW Pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Di Workshop Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya

This study aims to achieve several results that contribute to improving the community's ability regarding welding techniques that are currently in great demand by various industries. The method used is a qualitative method with observation used to understand in depth how SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) electric welding skills are developed in vocational high school students. The sample in this study was the Community Service Activity Implementation Team for the Development of SMAW Electric Welding Skills for Vocational High School (SMK) Students at the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic Workshop in the 2024 Fiscal Year consisting of 16 people, the results of the study showed that the Development of SMAW Electric Welding Skills has improved the abilities of students of SMK Penerbangan AAG Yogyakarta, SMK Penerbangan Angkasa Lanud Iswahjudi Magetan, SMK Penerbangan Angkasa Malang, even providing new experiences for students from the Computer and Network Engineering department. Based on the results of the activity, the participants showed significant progress in knowledge and skills. Increasing knowledge and skills through the approach of educational materials and technical training provided, participants in this activity have learned the benefits, placement, procedures and how to use SMAW Electric welding correctly and safely. Almost all participants of this activity agreed that SMAW Electric Welding can help improve skills both in education and industry. Empowerment of Aviation Vocational School students in developing SMAW Electric Welding skills is expected to be applied in various industrial fields by providing several examples of how to use SMAW Electric Welding.

De-tracking at the margin: How alternative secondary education pathways affect student attainment

This paper estimates how marginal increases in the flexibility of between-school tracking affect student attainment by exploiting the addition of non-selective ‘comprehensive schools’ and hybrid ‘vocational high schools’ to Germany’s tracked school system. These schools opened up alternative pathways to the university-entrance certificate, which traditionally could only be obtained at academic-track schools. We use administrative records to compile a county-level panel of school supply and attainment for 13 cohorts between 1995 and 2007. Cross-sectionally, the supplies of all three school types awarding the university-entrance certificate correlate positively with its attainment. However, for academic-track and comprehensive schools this association is not robust to the inclusion of regional controls, suggesting that it reflects regional differences in educational demand rather than supply-side effects. For vocational high schools, in contrast, we find robust evidence for positive attainment effects not only in cross-sectional and two-way fixed-effects panel regressions, but also in an event-study design that exploits the quasi-random timing of new school openings. Likely reasons for their success are that they lower the (perceived) costs of educational upgrading for late-bloomers, and their hybrid curriculum, which may retain students in general schooling who would otherwise enter vocational training.

Pengaruh Pendapatan Orang Tua, Literasi Keuangan, dan Gaya Hidup Terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan Pribadi Siswa SMKN 6 Surabaya

This study aims to analyze whether there is a simultaneous influence between parental income, financial literacy, and lifestyle on the personal financial management of students at Vocational High School 6 Surabaya, to analyze whether there is an influence between parental income on the personal financial management of students at SMKN 6 Surabaya, to analyze Is there an influence between financial literacy on the personal financial management of Vocational High School 6 Surabaya students, and to analyze whether there is an influence between lifestyle on the personal financial management of Vocational High School 6 Surabaya students. The respondents in this research were class X students majoring in financial and institutional accounting at Vocational High School 6 Surabaya, totaling 72 respondents. The sampling technique used in this research is saturated sampling. Data collection techniques use questionnaires and tests. The results of this study indicate that (1) Parental income, financial literacy, and lifestyle simultaneously influence the personal financial management of S Vocational High School 6 Surabaya students (2) Parental income significantly influences the personal financial management of Vocational High School 6 Surabaya students (3) Literacy finances have a significant influence on the personal financial management of Vocational High School 6 Surabaya students (4) Lifestyle has a significant influence on the personal financial management of Vocational High School 6 Surabaya students.

SOCIAL RETURN ON INVESTMENT (SROI) ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRIC MOTOR CONVERSION TRAINING PROGRAM IN NORTH LAMPUNG

Converting conventional motors into electric vehicles can reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The conversion process involves engine replacement, charging system installation, and vehicle structure modification. The conversion program was carried out involving workshops and vocational high school students. The Social Return on Investment (SROI) method was employed to measure the social and economic impacts of the program, involving impact identification, measurement, monetization, cost comparison, and analysis. The PLN Cares program undertook motor conversion with the aim of improving sustainability and quality. The research problem and objectives focused on measuring the SROI in the electric motor conversion program. The research method employed a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observations, and literature studies. Data were continuously analyzed during and after collection. SROI calculations involved initial investment capital input and impact value, resulting in an SROI ratio of 5.03. The research results indicated that the PLN Cares program had a significant social impact, with an SROI ratio indicating a profitable investment value. Conclusions and recommendations involved maintaining the working mechanisms, synergy among stakeholders, and using the program as a guide for similar projects in the future.

Mathematical resilience and learning climate in view of learning style: The impact of improving mathematical reasoning in vocational schools

This research aims to analyze the influence of mathematical resilience and learning climate on the mathematical reasoning of Vocational High School (SMK) students, as well as examining the role of learning style as a moderating variable. Mathematical resilience, which reflects students' ability to persist in facing difficulties in learning mathematics, as well as a positive learning climate, is thought to have an important contribution to mathematical reasoning abilities. The research approach used is a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at two vocational schools in Malang with a total of 200 respondents. Data was collected through mathematical resilience questionnaires, learning climate, learning styles, and mathematical reasoning tests, then analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 software. Validity and reliability tests showed that all instruments used met the criteria determined, with an AVE value above 0.5 and a Composite Reliability value above 0.7, indicating a valid and reliable instrument. All indicators used in this research also met the significance test with a p-value below 0.05. The research results show that mathematical resilience has a significant influence on students' mathematical reasoning (path coefficient 0.237, t-statistic 3.803, p-value 0.000). The learning climate was also proven to have a positive effect on mathematical reasoning (path coefficient 0.287, t-statistic 4.125, p-value 0.000). However, learning style does not significantly moderate the influence of mathematical resilience on mathematical reasoning but plays a moderate role in the relationship between learning climate and mathematical reasoning (t-statistic 2.102, p-value 0.036). These findings provide insight into the importance of learning strategies that support resilience and learning climate to improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities at the vocational secondary education level.

Improvement of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) through Strengthening Organizational Culture, Teamwork, Personality, and Decision Making

The purpose of the research is to produce strategies and ways to improve the Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) of private vocational school teachers, namely by strengthening the independent variables that have a positive effect on teacher OCB. These variables are Organizational Culture, Teamwork, Personality, and Decision Making. The optimal solution found is then used as a recommendation to related parties, namely teachers, principals, school supervisors, school management institutions and education agencies. The method used in this research is quantitative research using survey methods and path analysis techniques and SITOREM analysis to analyze indicators to determine optimal solutions in improving teacher OCB. The research was conducted on permanent foundation teachers (GTY) of private Vocational High Schools (SMK) in East Jakarta with a population of 381 teachers, with a sample of 195 teachers calculated using the Taro Yamane formula. The results of this study are that there is a positive direct effect of organizational culture, teamwork, personality, and decision making variables on OCB; there is a positive direct effect of organizational culture, teamwork, and personality on OCB; there is a positive indirect effect of organizational culture, teamwork, and personality on OCB through decision making.

Students’ Interest in Learning Mathematics through Aquascape Project-Based Learning at Vocational High School

Students’ Interest in Learning Mathematics through Aquascape Project-Based Learning at Vocational High School

정책집행이론에 근거한 직업계고 학점제 진단 - 마이스터고 학점제 담당자 인식을 중심으로

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the level of policy awareness among vocational high school credit system policy implementers and derive improvement measures. Methods: This study utilized survey data on policy perceptions of the high school credit system from forty-four head teachers at Meister High Schools, supplemented by in-depth telephone interviews with five participants to explore the reasons behind the survey results. The data were analyzed using statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, t-tests, Borich needs assessment, and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) with the help of SPSS 23.0 software. Results: The analysis of the perception of vocational high school credit system administrators revealed that in the policy goal factors, perception of the policy-making process emerged as the most urgently needed factor for improvement. In executing agency factors, perception of member capabilities emerged as the most urgently needed factor for improvement. In execution management factors, perception of performance goals emerged as the most urgently needed factor for improvement. In policy environment factors, perception of interest and support emerged as the most urgently needed factor for improvement. Conclusion: To enhance the effectiveness of the credit system in vocational high schools, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of tasks related to the credit system, implement a more flexible curriculum, and increase students' understanding and interest in the credit system policies.

The freedom to learn-independent campus curriculum for shielded metal arc welding: A teaching module development

This study was triggered by the existing teaching modules for the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) subjects taught at vocational high schools, which do not align with the Freedom to Learn-Independent Campus (FLIC) learning objectives, and do not provide a systematic organization. In order to enhance the learning experience, this research developed a new learning module that integrated Problem-based Learning (PBL), promoting critical thinking, and the practical application of theoretical concepts, following the FLIC curriculum. Utilizing a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the Instructional Design Institute (IDI) model, this study involved two welding instructors and four lecturers as validators to assess the content and usability of the module. The IDI model comprised three steps: instructional (define), development (develop), and institute (evaluate). The research findings regarding the validity assessment by subject matter experts yielded a final validity score of 0.924, while media and language experts provided a score of 0.936, meeting the valid criteria. The practical usability test of the learning module resulted in a score of 94%, indicating that it is highly practical for students to use as learning media. Based on the validity and practicality assessments of the developed module, it can be concluded that the SMAW learning module is highly practical to use as teaching media, aligning with FLIC curriculum.

Integrating Principal Leadership and Teacher Roles with AI-Based 'Merdeka' Curriculum Innovation: The Quantitative Research

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into educational frameworks has encouraged innovative approaches to curriculum development, particularly in vocational high schools in Indonesia. This research investigates the integration between principals' leadership styles, teachers' roles, and the implementation of AI-driven 'Merdeka' curriculum innovations in this context. Using a correlational method with a quantitative approach, data were collected from vocational high schools in Padang using a proportional random sampling technique. As a research instrument was a questionnaire that underwent content and construct validity assessments and was tested for reliability using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis used Pearson product moment correlation and multiple correlation. By analyzing the dynamics in a vocational high school, the study aims to provide valuable insights into the effective integration of AI technologies in education, offering theoretical contributions to the educational leadership discourse and practical guidance for stakeholders in navigating the complexities of curriculum innovation in Indonesia's vocational education sector.

Quick Analysis of The Applied Teaching Factory in The Independent Learning Curriculum Towards the Readliness of Enterpreneurship

The intense competition in the food and beverage sector has led to increased consumptive behavior, which supports the economy. This presents a promising business opportunity for graduates of SMK Tata Culinary through Teaching Factory (TEFA) learning. This study aims to analyze the factors supporting and hindering TEFA's implementation, test its effectiveness, and describe the work readiness of students in Culinary Vocational High Schools in East Java. Using a mixed-method approach, the study sampled 6 schools from Surabaya, Sidoarjo, Ngawi, Lumajang, Tulungagung, and Magetan, with 50 culinary students from each school. Data collection included interviews, observations, and questionnaires, focusing on preparing students for entrepreneurship. Data were analyzed using one-factor ANOVA with SPSS 22. The results showed that student involvement in TEFA activities provided contextual experiences, enhancing critical thinking and problem-solving skills. In conclusion, TEFA's application in Vocational High Schools under the Independent Curriculum fosters creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship, offering significant benefits for startups, business innovation, and job creation.

Implementation of STEM Integrated Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Problem Solving Skills and Learning Motivation of Grade X Vocational High School Students on the Material of Substances and Their Changes

This study aims to analyze significant differences in problem-solving ability and learning motivation simultaneously between experimental class students and control class students; problem-solving ability between experimental class students and control class students; learning motivation between experimental class students and control class students; analyze the effective contribution of learning using PBL-STEM to students' problem-solving ability and learning motivation simultaneously; analyze the effective contribution of learning using PBL-STEM to students' problem-solving ability; analyze the effective contribution of learning using the PBL-STEM model to students' problem-solving motivation. This study uses a quasi-experimental model with a posttest only design. The sample of this study consisted of two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class, by random sampling. The experimental class uses learning with PBL-STEM, while the control class uses learning with a scientific approach. Data collection on problem-solving ability was obtained from descriptive test data and learning motivation data through a questionnaire. The MANOVA test was used to analyze the differences in problem-solving ability and learning motivation of experimental and control class students simultaneously. The between subject effect test was used to analyze the differences in each dependent variable in the experimental class and the control class. The partial eta square test was used to analyze the effective contribution of PBL-STEM to the dependent variable. The results showed that there were differences in problem-solving ability and learning motivation simultaneously between students in the experimental group and the control group; there were significant differences in problem-solving ability between students in the experimental group and the control group; there were significant differences in learning motivation between students in the experimental group and the control group; the effective contribution of using PBL-STEM to problem-solving ability and learning motivation simultaneously was 24.6% (high); the effective contribution of using PBL-STEM to problem-solving ability was 19% (high); the effective contribution of using PBL-STEM to learning motivation was 15.7% (high).

PELATIHAN BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING BERBASIS TEKLA STRUCTURES PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN KELAS XI DI KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO

Vocational High School (SMK) graduates contributed the most to the percentage of TPT (Open Unemployment Rate) as of August 2022 of 5.86% or 8.42 million people. The importance of increasing the involvement of partners in the world of work in designing and managing learning in vocational schools and developing the potential of students' abilities and expertise that are in line with opportunities to work in the world of work and/or entrepreneurship can reduce the TPT score. The results of direct observations at schools and confirmed based on the provisions of BSKAP 033/H/KR/2022, the learning achievements of students have not achieved their competencies in either phase E or F, namely regarding the ability to model 3D pictorial projections using BIM technology. The purpose of this PKM in the field of BIM applications is to improve students' skills in applying Building Information Modeling in achieving 3D modeling abilities and competencies. The empowerment method applied is in the form of training and mentoring of BIM applications in 3D modeling of construction buildings to improve the skills of partners related to drawing 3D building structures with BIM technology integrated with software. From the results of the initial and final assessment analysis, it was found that there was an increase in partner skills related to drawing 3D building structures with BIM technology integrated with software of ≥ 70% based on the performance of the 3D modeling simulation that was built after participating in the training as well as an increase in skills in creating informative construction design visualizations with software of ≥ 70%.

Development of Minimum Competency Assessment (MCA)-Like Mathematics Problems Using Financial Context in Algebra

The asesmen kemampuan minimum or Minimum Competency Assessment (MCA) is a new form of assessment in Indonesia implemented in several schools since 2021. Implementing MCA aims to prepare students for the skills needed in the 21st century. However, the availability of MCA-type mathematics problems is still limited for learning in printed books and online-based media. This research aims to produce MCA-like mathematics problems using financial contexts in algebra that are valid, practical, and effective. This research employed a development study consisting of six stages: preliminary, self-evaluation, expert reviews, one-to-one, small group, and field test stages. The test subjects were 85 students of grade 11 in one vocational high school in Sigli, Aceh, Indonesia. The research instruments were a validation sheet, an interview sheet, and a practicality and effectiveness test questionnaire. This research has produced 21 MCA-type items with a financial context in algebra that is valid, practical, and effective. Therefore, the generated mathematics problems can be used by teachers to improve students' numeracy and financial literacy skills.

Development of video tutorials on building construction and utilities subjects assisted by Bandicam application for grade XI students at vocational high school

The implementation of Building Construction and Utilities learning for class XI in Vocational High School (VHS) has faced several challenges including student understanding, teachers’ competency, and learning media. This study aims to result in a product, including the feasibility test and effectiveness on the topic of door and window frame details drawing assisted by the Bandicam application. We employed the Research and Development (R&D) model of 4D Thiagarajan. The trial was conducted on 14 students of the Building Information and Modeling Design (DPIB) expertise program class XI with input from 2 experts and 1 teacher. The data was collected through interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The obtained data was analysed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis and descriptive statistics. The results show that the 4 video products were feasible and effective as seen from the improvement of student learning outcomes in the subject of building construction and utilities.

Pelatihan Aplikasi SAP2000 Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Dalam Penyelesaian Problem Mekanika Teknik Bagi Siswa SMKN 2 Surabaya

In accordance with Presidential Instruction (Inpres) Number 9 of 2016 concerning the Revitalization of Vocational High Schools (SMK) in the context of Improving the Quality and Competitiveness of Indonesian Human Resources (HR), it is necessary to compile a map of labor needs for SMK graduates according to their respective duties, functions, and authorities based on the road map for vocational development. One of the targeted developments is the skill of using computer applications in accordance with its basic competencies. Currently, engineering mechanics lessons at SMKN 2 Surabaya are only given theoretically. The use of computer applications to help solve existing problems has not been implemented. Even though work challenges today really require these skills to solve more complicated problems, more quantities, and faster solutions. Based on the above, this PKM activity aims to improve students' ability to use SAP2000 applications to solve engineering mechanics problems. The training provided includes an introduction to the basic use of SAP2000 including the use of the menus in it. Followed by the practice of working on example problems along with discussing their theoretical validation. After that, exercises for more complicated problems are given which end with giving quizzes to further motivate students. From the post-test results given at the end of the training, the results showed that 85.58% of trainees could understand the training material well. This shows that this training is very effective in improving students' abilities which is expected to bring benefits as a provision to face work challenges after graduation.

Does parental migration matter in access to academic high schools for left-behind children in China?

Enrolling in academic high schools always predicts one can have higher educational achievements, such as access to university later. Using data from China Family Panel Studies, this paper examines whether and how parental migration affects the high school attainment of left-behind children. Results indicate that exposure to parental migration in childhood lowers the probability of attending vocational high school but increases the likelihood of enrolling in academic high school. The effect is more substantial for the left behind children who are from rural areas, with siblings, or second-born or later. The findings also suggest a potential psychological mechanism that inhibits the educational achievement of left-behind children. Specifically, left-behind children exhibit lower expectations for educational attainment and hold beliefs that individual success is attributed to external factors, which may discourage them from pursuing higher education achievements. Further, migrant parents also show lower expectations for their children's educational attainment. Our findings highlight the crucial role of psychological manifestations induced by parental migration in determining high school attendance and offer insights for developing policies aimed at promoting educational equity.

Investigation of Differentiated Instruction Model ESP Based on Students’ Needs at Vocational High School in Palembang

This study investigates the application of differentiated instruction (DI) models in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classrooms at vocational high schools in Palembang, focusing on students’ linguistic and vocational needs. Using a systematic literature review (SLR) following PRISMA guidelines, the research analysed 15 articles from Scopus, ERIC, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The findings reveal that DI strategies are inconsistently applied, with teachers often facing challenges due to large class sizes, insufficient training, and resource limitations. However, when implemented effectively, DI has been shown to improve student engagement and learning outcomes. The study identifies best practices for enhancing DI in vocational ESP settings, emphasizing the need for curriculum alignment, task variety, and professional development to address the unique needs of vocational students. Recommendations include providing ongoing teacher training and better resources to optimize DI models in such contexts.