Vocal Parameters Research Articles

Amazonian manatee critical habitat revealed by artificial intelligence‐based passive acoustic techniques

AbstractFor many species at risk, monitoring challenges related to low visual detectability and elusive behavior limit the use of traditional visual surveys to collect critical information, hindering the development of sound conservation strategies. Passive acoustics can cost‐effectively acquire terrestrial and underwater long‐term data. However, to extract valuable information from large datasets, automatic methods need to be developed, tested and applied. Combining passive acoustics with deep learning models, we developed a method to monitor the secretive Amazonian manatee over two consecutive flooded seasons in the Brazilian Amazon floodplains. Subsequently, we investigated the vocal behavior parameters based on vocalization frequencies and temporal characteristics in the context of habitat use. A Convolutional Neural Network model successfully detected Amazonian manatee vocalizations with a 0.98 average precision on training data. Similar classification performance in terms of precision (range: 0.83–1.00) and recall (range: 0.97–1.00) was achieved for each year. Using this model, we evaluated manatee acoustic presence over a total of 226 days comprising recording periods in 2021 and 2022. Manatee vocalizations were consistently detected during both years, reaching 94% daily temporal occurrence in 2021, and up to 11 h a day with detections during peak presence. Manatee calls were characterized by a high emphasized frequency and high repetition rate, being mostly produced in rapid sequences. This vocal behavior strongly indicates an exchange between females and their calves. Combining passive acoustic monitoring with deep learning models, and extending temporal monitoring and increasing species detectability, we demonstrated that the approach can be used to identify manatee core habitats according to seasonality. The combined method represents a reliable, cost‐effective, scalable ecological monitoring technique that can be integrated into long‐term, standardized survey protocols of aquatic species. It can considerably benefit the monitoring of inaccessible regions, such as the Amazonian freshwater systems, which are facing immediate threats from increased hydropower construction.

Positron emission tomography neuroimaging of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and related behavior in the Pink1-/- rat model of Parkinson disease.

Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition affecting multiple sensorimotor and cognitive systems. The Pink1-/- rat model exhibits vocal, cognitive, and limb use deficits seen in idiopathic PD. We sought to measure glucose metabolism in brain regions in Pink1-/- and wild type (WT) rats, and to associate these to measures of ultrasonic vocalization, cognition, and limb use behavior. Pink1-/- (n = 12) and WT (n = 14) rats were imaged by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in a repeated measures design at approximately 10 months of age and 6 weeks later. Relative regional glucose metabolism was indexed by whole brain normalized FDG uptake, which was calculated for 18 regions identified a priori for comparison. Behavioral measures included tests of communication via ultrasonic vocalization, cognition with 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Test (5-CSRTT), and limb use with Cylinder Test and Challenge Beam. Relative glucose metabolism was significantly different in Pink1-/- rats in prelimbic area, striatum, nucleus ambiguus, globus pallidus, and posterior parietal association cortex compared to WT controls. For behavioral measures, Pink1-/- rats demonstrated quieter vocalizations with a restricted frequency range, and they showed increased number of foot-faults and hindlimb steps (shuffling) in limb motor tests. Significant behavior vs. brain correlations included associations of ultrasonic vocalization parameters with glucose metabolism indices in locus coeruleus and substantia nigra. FDG PET reveals abnormalities in relative regional brain glucose metabolism in Pink1-/- rats in brain regions that are important to cognition, vocalization, and limb motor control that are also impacted by Parkinson disease. This method may be useful for mechanistic studies of behavioral deficits and therapeutic interventions in translational studies in the Pink1-/- PD model.

Acoustic refurbishments in a university lecture room: effects on speaker's comfort and voice use

Poor acoustic conditions in learning spaces have a detrimental effect on the speaker´s health and constitutes a risk factor for voice disorders. Previous research indicate that an acoustic refurbishment of the learning space has the potential to increase well-being and decrease voice related health problems among teachers, but the research is scarce. In this study, we aim to investigate how different acoustic conditions affect the speakers voice use and self-perceived speaker's comfort. Voice recordings of short speech-tasks and self-evaluations of speaker's comfort were collected from fifteen participants during a three-step acoustic refurbishment of a real-life university lecture room in an experimental setting. The influence of background babble and a classroom soundfield amplification system on vocal parameters and self-perceived speaker's comfort were also investigated. Factor analysis of the speaker's comfort questionnaire revealed a two-factor solution where factor 1 represented vocal behavior and perception of room acoustics, and factor 2 represented the perception of the task in itself. Sum scores for factors 1 and 2 will be calculated and used in a mixed-effects model investigating the effect of room acoustics on self-perceived speaker's comfort.

Analysis of the efficacy of non-surgical treatment mainly focus on voice therapy and it's influencing factors in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis

Objective:Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and it's influencing factors of non-surgical treatment mainly focus on voice therapy for patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Methods:The retrospective study includes 57 patients who were diagnosed with unilateral vocal fold paralysis and presented with hoarseness as their main complaint at the Department of Voice Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University from August, 2021 to August, 2023. Judging the efficacy of non-surgical treatment mainly focus on voice therapy through changes in acoustic, aerodynamic, and laryngoscopic parameters; Analyze the relationship between patients' age, gender, duration of disease, cause of nerve injury, type of nerve injury, side of nerve injury and efficacy of non-surgical treatment. Results:After non-surgical treatment mainly focused on voice therapy, there were statistically significant differences（P<0.01） in the changes of vocal fold bow, glottal gap, glottal compression, loudness, Jitter, Shimmer, IC, and NC parameters. There is a statistically significant correlation between the duration of the disease and changes in glottal gap, Shimmer, and IC（P<0.05）, the side of nerve injury can affect changes of glottal gap and NC（P<0.05）. Conclusion:Non-surgical treatment mainly focused on voice therapy has a good efficacy on patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. The duration of the disease and the side of nerve injury may affect the efficacy.

DIFFERENTIAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE SPECTRO-TEMPORAL AND VOCAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AUDITORY PSEUDOWORDS TO MULTIPLE SOUND-SYMBOLIC MAPPINGS.

Sound symbolism, the idea that the sound of a word alone can convey its meaning, is often studied using auditory pseudowords. For example, people reliably assign the auditory pseudowords "bouba" and "kiki" to rounded and pointed shapes, respectively. Previously we showed that representational dissimilarity matrices (RDMs) of the shape ratings of auditory pseudowords correlated significantly with RDMs of acoustic parameters reflecting spectro-temporal variations; the ratings also correlated significantly with voice quality features. Here, participants rated auditory pseudowords on scales representing categorical opposites across seven meaning domains, including shape. Examination of the relationships of the perceptual ratings to spectro-temporal and vocal parameters of the pseudowords essentially replicated our previous findings for shape while varying patterns emerged for the other domains. Thus, the spectro-temporal and vocal properties of spoken pseudowords contribute differentially to sound-symbolic mapping depending on the meaning domain.

Comparative Mapping of Vocal Parameters in Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder with and Without Use of Speech Processor in Bilateral Cochlear Implantation - A Pilot Study

Comparative Mapping of Vocal Parameters in Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder with and Without Use of Speech Processor in Bilateral Cochlear Implantation - A Pilot Study

Sindrome mutacional de una voz operística

The spontaneous mutation of the voice in an opera singer is a very rare fact and worthy of publication. For the first time in the world, this mutational syndrome of a single voice that has been controlled for years and has been recorded over time has been described in all clinical, phoniatric, operatic and laryngological details. We are referring to an unusual case of an opera singer affected by a pituitary adenoma, undiagnosed, for many years, which led him to change his tessitura progressively, going from tenor to bass. This study analyzes the evolution of their laryngeal, stroboscopic, phoniatric and vocal parameters over the years and their persistence even after pituitary surgery.

Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscle Activity and Vocal Economy in Professionally Trained Voices During Vocal Vibrato

Summary PurposeThe purpose of the present study was to determine the extrinsic laryngeal muscle activity and vocal economy during two different singing conditions (straight-tone singing vs. vibrato singing) over a physiologically relevant singing range. MethodsThirty professional singers or voice coaches participated in the study. The participants sang a sustained /a:/ vowel for approximately 5 seconds, once in straight-tone singing conditions and once more in vibrato. The target pitches were C3, F3, A3, C4, F4, A4, and C5. Surface electromyographic (sEMG) measures were performed in the infrahyoid (IH) muscle region and the suprahyoid (SH) muscle region. Contact quotient (CQ), sound pressure level (SPL), and fundamental frequencies were measured to derive the electroglottographic-based vocal economy parameter quasi-output cost ratio (QOCR). ResultssEMG measures show that IH and SH muscles significantly increased in activity with ascending pitch. IH and SH muscle activity were significantly higher when singing in vibrato than straight-tone. Moreover, SPL also increased with ascending pitch and when sung in vibrato. CQ increased and QOCR decreased as pitch ascended but did not significantly change when sung in vibrato. ConclusionSinging higher pitches were generally associated with higher extrinsic laryngeal muscle activity and lower QOCR values. When comparing the two singing conditions, the extrinsic laryngeal muscle activity was higher during vibrato, implicating that the IH and the SH muscles may contribute to rhythmic pulsations of pitch changes. Although the QOCR value did not show significant differences between the two singing conditions, a significantly high SPL during vibrato may indicate acoustical and physiological advantages while singing in vibrato.

Alterations in Emotional Expression Through Speech in Patients With Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Preliminary Study

Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis (UVFP) have a known impact on patients’ quality of life. One of the potentially affected domains that has not been studied yet is the emotional prosody. To produce and transmit an efficient emotional prosody, several vocal parameters are modulated by the speaker, principally the fundamental frequency, the speech rate, and the voice intensity. We retrieved 300 sentences produced by 10 patients suffering from UVFP, equally in neutral, anger, and sadness. A jury of 6 healthcare voice experts were asked to hear these sentences and choose an emotion for each vocalization, between neutral, anger, and sadness. The jury mainly considered the heard sentences as being in a neutral emotion. Vocal parameters analysis of the anger and sadness sentences that were mistook as neutral showed the absence of significant difference in their fundamental frequencies and speech rates. By being unable to modulate their vocal parameters as needed to produce emotional prosody, specifically the fundamental frequency and speech rate, patients with UVFP suffer from limitations in their capacity to produce the emotional prosody wanted, making the emotions they feel hardly transmitted to their entourage, which can explain the social barriers these patients complain of.

Evaluation of Subjective and Objective Voice Characteristics in Patients With Bulimia Nervosa

ObjectiveThe present study aims to examine subjectively and objectively the voice changes in Bulimia Nervosa patients at different stages of treatment. MethodThe study was conducted with a study group including 10 patients followed up with a diagnosis of Blum,ia Nerrvosa and a control group consisting of 10 healthy participants of a similar age group without eating disorders. The reflux symptom index was used for stroboscopic evaluation. The fundamental frequency (F0), jitter, shimmer, and noise-to-harmonics ratio (NHR) were determined during acoustic voice analysis. Maximum phonation time was analysed. A subjective evaluation was performed using the Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10). ResultsJitter, Shimmer, VHI-10 Score, and RFS values showed a statistically significant difference in the patient and control groups (p<0.05). The mean values of Jitter, Shimmer, VHI-10 Score, and RFS were higher in the patient group than in the control group. MPT did not differ between goups (p>0.05)Age and F0 (Hz) values showed no statistically significant difference in the patient and control groups (p>0.05). ConclusionIn BN patients, the laryngopharyngeal reflux mechanism causes negative effects on vocal cord examination and acoustic sound analysis parameters, leading to subjective dissatisfaction.

Do I sound anxious? Emotional arousal is linked to changes in vocalisations in domestic chicks (Gallus gallus dom.)

A major goal in animal welfare science is the development of methods that quantify or ‘read-out’ current affective states in freely behaving animals. In mammalian models, changes in acoustic parameters within vocalisations have been linked to differences in emotional arousal, although there are very few studies showing changes in vocalisations that act as indicators of valence (positive or negative affect). Currently, there are very few studies on vocal indicators of emotion in birds. To determine the link between acoustic parameters within vocalisations and emotion in domestic chicks (Gallus gallus dom.), we used a well-validated paradigm that purports to elicit two distinct, negative emotional states: anxiety and depression. In this paradigm, chicks in social isolation initially show high rates of distress calls (anxiety-like phase: high arousal/negative affect) that decrease over the next 20–30 minutes to a depression-like phase (low arousal/negative affect). We analysed acoustic parameters of distress vocalisations from Legbar chicks (4–7 days old) that were placed in social isolation for 30 minutes, either with or without a mirror (Isolated: n=18; Mirror: n=16), (a mirror is known to reduce the negative behavioural and physiological indicators of isolation). Chicks in the Isolated condition produced louder calls, of a higher frequency, and calls were individually longer, and more ‘degraded’ (higher entropy and lower harmonics-to-noise ratio) compared to the Mirror condition. However, the call rate did not drop below 50 % of the initial rate in either condition, indicating the chicks in this study did not reach the criteria for the depression-like phase of the paradigm. To investigate further we analysed vocalisations at times during a trial when calls were at a high rate per minute (indicating a higher level of emotional arousal at that point in time) and we found those vocalisations were louder, more ‘degraded’, longer and higher in frequency across both conditions. These results are consistent with findings across several species of mammal, indicating that changes in emotional arousal in negatively valanced situations give rise to consistent changes in vocal parameters across a wide range of species. Indeed, further work could look to see if the same links are found in groups such as chelonians, crocodilians and geckos, as their vocal production mechanisms share some similarities. There could also be scope to use these changes to automatically detect shifts in emotion in captive animals.

Seven Days of Voice Rest Post-phonosurgery Is Not Better than 3 days: A Prospective Randomized Short-term Outcome Study.

The aim of the study is to compare the short-term effect of 7 versus 3 days of voice rest (VR) on objective vocal (acoustic) parameters following phonosurgery. A prospective randomized study conducted at a tertiary referral medical center. Patients with vocal fold nodules, polyps, or cysts and scheduled for phonosurgery were recruited from the Voice Clinic. They were randomized into groups of 7- or 3-day postoperative VR periods and their voices were recorded preoperatively and at 4-week postoperatively. A mixed linear model statistical analysis (MLMSA) was used to compare pre- and postoperative jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio, and maximum phonation time between the two groups. Sixty-five patients were recruited, but only 34 fully complied with the study protocol, and their data were included in the final analysis (19 males, 20 females; mean age: 40.6 years; 17 patients in the 7-day VR group and 16 in the 3-day VR group). The groups were comparable in age, sex, and type of vocal lesion distribution. The preoperative MLMSA showed no significant group differences in the tested vocal parameters. Both groups exhibited significant (p < 0.05) and comparable improvement in all vocal parameters at postoperative week 4. A VR duration of 7 days showed no greater benefit on the examined vocal parameters than the 3-day protocol 4-week postoperatively. Our results suggest that a 3-day VR regimen can be followed by patients who undergo phonosurgery without compromising the vocal results. Larger-scale and longer-duration studies are needed to confirm our findings. 2 Laryngoscope, 134:4661-4666, 2024.

Stroboscopy and acoustic analysis of voice following endotracheal intubation in otological surgeries

BackgroundStroboscopy is an endoscopy that is performed with intermittent light at a frequency that approximates the frequency of a moving object so that it appears in slow motion or motionless. It is used to analyze the structure and motion of the vocal fold.Aim and objectiveTo compare the stroboscopic findings of various vocal parameters such as symmetry, amplitude, periodicity, mucosal wave of vocal folds, and glottis closure before and after elective endotracheal intubation and to compare acoustic analysis of voice using fundamental frequency, intensity, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index in patients before and after elective intubation, who were undergoing otological surgeries. It also assesses the correlation between changes in these vocal and acoustic parameters and the size of the endotracheal tube, duration of intubation, and number of attempts made during intubation. This study creates awareness and provides insights to avoid intubation-related vocal fold injury.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study involving 31 patients done in a Tertiary Care Centre. All patients who underwent otological surgeries by elective endotracheal intubation were included. All of them underwent stroboscopic and acoustic evaluation preoperatively, 24 h, and 7 days postoperatively.ResultsStatistically significant changes in mucosal wave pattern score were observed in the 1st postoperative day that reverted to normal by the end of 7th postoperative day and in GRBAS which was significant at the end of both 1st and 7th POD. Other parameters like fundamental frequency, intensity, DSI, MPT, amplitude, symmetry, periodicity, and glottis closure remain unaltered. There was a moderate positive correlation between the duration of intubation (minutes) and mucosal wave 1st POD (P-value: 0.003).ConclusionThe majority of the patients (61%) had normal laryngeal structures. A total of 39% had evidence of injury, the most common being right vocal fold hemorrhage improved by the end of 7th postoperative day and became normal.

Navigating Vocal Challenges: Singing Difficulties in a Carnatic Singer with Clinically Normal Voice.

This study aimed to describe the clinical presentation and therapeutic course of a trained Carnatic singer with perceptually clinically normal voice who presented with singing difficulties. The participant of the study was a 25-year-old male individual who reported to the speech and language diagnostics unit with complaints of reduced vocal range for singing and strained voice while singing. After the routine voice evaluations, the subject was allotted Resonant Voice Therapy. The baseline recordings were compared with the subsequent voice recordings of the subject, on different parameters, along the course of the training. The post-training recordings showed an increase in the singing range of the subject from 9 semitones to 19-20 semitones with modifications in adharashruthi. There were reductions in the perturbation and noise-to-harmonic ratio found in post-training samples. This case study highlights the innovative application of RVT to expand pitch range in a Carnatic singer with normative vocal parameters but encountering singing difficulties. The findings underscore the potential of RVT as a transformative intervention, offering promising avenues for enhancing vocal performance and addressing challenges specific to Carnatic singing techniques.

Research on Speech Communication Enhancement of English Web-based Learning Platform based on Human-computer Intelligent Interaction

This study presents a novel web-based learning platform that leverages human-computer intelligent interaction to enhance English communication skills. The platform integrates cutting-edge technologies to create an immersive learning experience, combining natural language processing, speech recognition, and interactive exercises. Learners engage in real-time conversations with virtual tutors, receive personalized feedback, and access a vast repository of educational resources. The platform not only facilitates language acquisition but also encourages self-paced learning, making it a valuable tool for both educators and students. By harnessing the power of artificial intelligence, this web-based platform represents a significant advancement in the realm of English language education. To overcome these issues this paper proposed SVM with an improved satin Bower bird optimization algorithm (SVM-ISBBO). SVM-ISBBO uses fog computing services that minimize the latency and speeds up the process, effectively handling huge wearable devices. In this proposed work SVM-ISBBO monitors the students communication, vocal parameters, blood pressure, etc, and these values are obtained from wearable sensor devices and their notifications are sent back to teachers. Teachers diagnosed the student information and sent back the alert notifications to the students for taking proper medications. All this information is stored in fog-based cloud storage in a secure manner. The accuracy rate of KNN got 78.56%, NB got 81.74%, SVM got 85.15% and the proposed work of SVM-ISBBO got 92.34%.

Neural network-based estimation of biomechanical vocal fold parameters.

Vocal fold (VF) vibrations are the primary source of human phonation. High-speed video (HSV) endoscopy enables the computation of descriptive VF parameters for assessment of physiological properties of laryngeal dynamics, i.e., the vibration of the VFs. However, underlying biomechanical factors responsible for physiological and disordered VF vibrations cannot be accessed. In contrast, physically based numerical VF models reveal insights into the organ's oscillations, which remain inaccessible through endoscopy. To estimate biomechanical properties, previous research has fitted subglottal pressure-driven mass-spring-damper systems, as inverse problem to the HSV-recorded VF trajectories, by global optimization of the numerical model. A neural network trained on the numerical model may be used as a substitute for computationally expensive optimization, yielding a fast evaluating surrogate of the biomechanical inverse problem. This paper proposes a convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN)-based architecture trained on regression of a physiological-based biomechanical six-mass model (6 MM). To compare with previous research, the underlying biomechanical factor "subglottal pressure" prediction was tested against 288 HSV ex vivo porcine recordings. The contributions of this work are two-fold: first, the presented CRNN with the 6 MM handles multiple trajectories along the VFs, which allows for investigations on local changes in VF characteristics. Second, the network was trained to reproduce further important biomechanical model parameters like VF mass and stiffness on synthetic data. Unlike in a previous work, the network in this study is therefore an entire surrogate of the inverse problem, which allowed for explicit computation of the fitted model using our approach. The presented approach achieves a best-case mean absolute error (MAE) of 133 Pa (13.9%) in subglottal pressure prediction with 76.6% correlation on experimental data and a re-estimated fundamental frequency MAE of 15.9 Hz (9.9%). In-detail training analysis revealed subglottal pressure as the most learnable parameter. With the physiological-based model design and advances in fast parameter prediction, this work is a next step in biomechanical VF model fitting and the estimation of laryngeal kinematics.

Effects of Voice Pitch on Social Perceptions Vary With Relational Mobility and Homicide Rate

Fundamental frequency ( fo) is the most perceptually salient vocal acoustic parameter, yet little is known about how its perceptual influence varies across societies. We examined how fo affects key social perceptions and how socioecological variables modulate these effects in 2,647 adult listeners sampled from 44 locations across 22 nations. Low male fo increased men’s perceptions of formidability and prestige, especially in societies with higher homicide rates and greater relational mobility in which male intrasexual competition may be more intense and rapid identification of high-status competitors may be exigent. High female fo increased women’s perceptions of flirtatiousness where relational mobility was lower and threats to mating relationships may be greater. These results indicate that the influence of fo on social perceptions depends on socioecological variables, including those related to competition for status and mates.

Characterizing Dysphonia After Pediatric Open Airway Reconstruction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis often requires open airway reconstruction. While these surgeries establish an airway for adequate ventilation, many patients develop subsequent dysphonia. Numerous studies have reported outcomes related to voice. This study aims to evaluate dysphonia in pediatric patients following open airway reconstruction, focusing on acoustic parameters, perceptual voice quality, and voice-related quality of life. A comprehensive search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines across 6 databases identified articles involving pediatric patients who underwent open airway reconstruction and reported postoperative vocal acoustic parameters, perceptual voice quality, voice-related quality of life, or vocal mechanics. Articles were assessed for bias risk, and common outcomes were synthesized qualitatively and quantitatively using meta-analyses. Among 4089 articles, 21 were included, involving 497 pediatric patients. Laryngotracheoplasty was the most common procedure followed by cricotracheal resection. The Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) scale was frequently used to assess voice quality, with a mean score of 55.6 [95% confidence intervals (CIs): 47.9-63.3]. Voice-related quality of life was measured using the pediatric Voice Handicap Index (pVHI) and Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life Survey, with mean scores of 35.6 (95% CI: 21.4-49.7) and 83.7 (95% CI: 74.1-93.2), respectively. The fundamental frequency was 210.5 (95% CI: 174.6-246.3). Other common findings included supraglottic phonation, anterior commissure blunting, posterior glottic diastasis, and abnormal vocal cord mobility. Pediatric patients experiencing dysphonia after open airway reconstruction exhibited moderately decreased voice quality and reduced voice-related quality of life. However, there was inconsistency in study protocols and outcome measures used. Preserving voice quality during airway reconstruction is crucial to avoid negative impacts on quality of life.

Analysis and Innovation of Vocal Music Teaching Quality in Colleges and Universities Based on Artificial Intelligence

Abstract The collision between the field of education and the field of artificial intelligence has helped the wisdom reform of college classrooms. At present, traditional vocal music teaching is inefficient and difficult to manage, but it is faced with the dilemma of resource shortage. Therefore, to improve the quality of classroom vocal music teaching in colleges and universities, using innovative thinking, this paper intends to design an artificial intelligence system for evaluating and analyzing classroom effects. Use the test vocal music characteristic parameters for comparison, through the analytic hierarchy process to calculate the quality of the classroom teaching evaluation index, and auxiliary management of the vocal music teaching process. The final simulation results are in line with expectations. It can not only evaluate the whole teaching process reasonably but also help teachers improve the quality of vocal music teaching, which has strong practical value.

Exploring the Diversified Development of Vocal Music Teaching Methods in Colleges and Universities Combined with Multi-Priority Dynamic Threshold Algorithm

Abstract Enhancing the integration of modern information technology with educational practices, particularly in the vocal classroom, is crucial for improving academic quality. This paper presents an optimization method aimed at addressing the limitations of the existing multi-priority dynamic threshold algorithm. The specific performance is as follows: first, on the original basis of the PDT-RED algorithm, the expected cache utilization is set to ensure the utilization of the buffer. The optimized OPDT-RED algorithm should be used to ensure that the data frame is received with a high probability. Then, according to the channel environment, the dynamic fullness threshold was adjusted, which improved the performance of the highest priority queue with a high transmission success rate. Lastly, the measurements of vocal characteristic parameters like pitch, rhythm, beat, melody, and others. The goal was to create a complete evaluation network model for vocal teaching, which was applied to actual cases. The model’s performance and its effectiveness were evaluated. After testing, the subjects’ vocal rhythmic tempo was below 60, while the range of the sample repertoire was between 60 and 90, presenting two different forms of expression. The model proposed in this paper has the optimal effect on the enhancement of expressive movements while singing; 15.33% of the students improved by two notches, and the vocal teaching model designed in this paper has a very good effect on vocal enhancement.