Vivo Solid-phase Microextraction Research Articles

In Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction for Sampling of Oxylipins in Brain of Awake, Moving Rats.

Oxylipins are key lipid mediators of important brain processes, including pain, sleep, oxidative stress, and inflammation. For the first time, an in-depth profile of up to 52 oxylipins can be obtained from the brains of awake moving animals using in vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) chemical biopsy tool in combination with liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Among these, 23 oxylipins are detectable in the majority of healthy wildtype samples. This new approach successfully eliminates the changes in oxylipin concentrations routinely observed during the analysis of post-mortem samples, allows time-course monitoring of their concentrations with high spatial resolution in specific brain regions of interest, and can be performed using the same experimental set-up as in vivo microdialysis (MD) thus providing a new and exciting tool in neuroscience and drug discovery.

Metabolome Profiling of Fish Muscle Tissue Exposed to Benzo[a]pyrene Using in Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction

In vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of endogenous compounds may depict changes in the biochemical pathways in organisms that have been affected by various stimuli such as environmental pollutants. In this paper, we use low-invasive in vivo SPME to analyze metabolic profile changes in the muscle tissue of living fish that have been exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). This study employs a case-control model with the fish divided into three groups: a control group, a low-dose group (1 ng/L BaP exposure), and a high-dose group (10 ng/L BaP exposure). SPME probes were used to analyze the effects of short-term (after 1 day) and long-term (after 14 days) exposure to the pollutant. SPME analysis of dose-dependent and time-dependent differences in metabolome between the groups revealed distinct BaP-altered signaling pathways, mainly involving amino acids, lipids, and the components of osmotic regulation in fish. However, after 14 days, the metabolic profile of the low-dose group more closely resembled the prof...

In Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction with in Vitro Calibration: Determination of Off-Flavor Components in Live Fish

The presence of off-flavor compounds in fish represents a significant economic problem encountered in aquaculture production. The off-flavor compounds are due to the absorption of substances produced by a range of microorganisms. Currently, a number of strategies have been used to prevent or limit the growth of these microorganisms. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies via monitoring the concentrations of off-flavor compounds in the recirculating aquaculture system. In vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME), a rapid and simple sample preparation method, will allow monitoring the concentration of off-flavor compounds in live fish. In this research, geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) produced by cyanobacteria and actinomycetes, which are the major sources for "earthy" and "muddy" flavors in fish, were selected as representatives. In order to accurately quantify these compounds in fish muscle, two kinetic calibration methods, on-fiber standardization and measurement using predetermined sampling rate, were used as quantification methods, which were both validated by traditional methods. The detection limit of in vivo SPME in fish muscle was 0.12 ng/g for geosmin and 0.21 ng/g for 2-MIB, which are both below the human sensory thresholds.

In Vivo Solid‐Phase Microextraction: Capturing the Elusive Portion of Metabolome

Metabolomik am lebenden Tier: Ein neuartiges Festphasenmikroextraktions(SPME)-Instrument, das mit einer Injektionsnadel arbeitet, kann instabile Metabolite direkt aus dem Blutstrom abfangen. Solche Metabolite lassen sich durch Fällungs- und Ultrafiltrationsmethoden nicht nachweisen, was darauf schließen lässt, dass herkömmliche Ansätze der Blutentnahme nicht das vollständige Metabolom erfassen.

Nondestructive Sampling of Living Systems Using in Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction

Nondestructive Sampling of Living Systems Using in Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction Gangfeng Ouyang,* Dajana Vuckovic, and Janusz Pawliszyn* MOEKeyLaboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/KLGHEI of Environment andEnergyChemistry, School ofChemistry andChemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada