Visual Design Research Articles

Co-Designing Dynamic Mixed Reality Drill Positioning Widgets: A Collaborative Approach with Dentists in a Realistic Setup.

Mixed Reality (MR) is proven in the literature to support precise spatial dental drill positioning by superimposing 3D widgets. Despite this, the related knowledge about widget's visual design and interactive user feedback is still limited. Therefore, this study is contributed to by co-designed MR drill tool positioning widgets with two expert dentists and three MR experts. The results of co-design are two static widgets (SWs): a simple entry point, a target axis, and two dynamic widgets (DWs), variants of dynamic error visualization with and without a target axis (DWTA and DWEP). We evaluated the co-designed widgets in a virtual reality simulation supported by a realistic setup with a tracked phantom patient, a virtual magnifying loupe, and a dentist's foot pedal. The user study involved 35 dentists with various backgrounds and years of experience. The findings demonstrated significant results; DWs outperform SWs in positional and rotational precision, especially with younger generations and subjects with gaming experiences. The user preference remains for DWs (19) instead of SWs (16). However, findings indicated that the precision positively correlates with the time trade-off. The post-experience questionnaire (NASA-TLX) showed that DWs increase mental and physical demand, effort, and frustration more than SWs. Comparisons between DWEP and DWTA show that the DW's complexity level influences time, physical and mental demands. The DWs are extensible to diverse medical and industrial scenarios that demand precision.

The Impact of Visual Stimuli on Online Shopper’s Emotion: Applying S-O-R Theory in Online Fashion Retail

This study investigates the impact of visual stimuli on consumer emotions and purchase behaviour in online shopping environments, using the Pleasure, Arousal, and Dominance (P-A-D) model as a theoretical framework. It investigates how visual aspects, including website aesthetics, product photography, and design complexity, influence consumer pleasure, arousal, and dominance, ultimately influencing purchase intentions. Visually appealing and well-planned visual material makes consumers feel better, increasing engagement and the likelihood of purchasing. Furthermore, it discovers that increased arousal can lead to impulsive purchasing behaviours, yet a sense of power or control increases consumer confidence and satisfaction. The study emphasises the necessity of combining visual and experiential aspects to create immersive online buying experiences. Theoretical implications recommend a more in-depth analysis of the P-A-D model's applicability in e-commerce. In contrast, managerial implications assert visual design optimisation to improve consumer interactions and sales.

The Elephant in the Room: Expert Experiences Designing, Developing and Evaluating Data Visualizations on Large Displays

Large displays can provide the necessary space and resolution for comprehensive explorations of data visualizations. However, designing and developing visualizations for such displays pose distinct challenges. Identifying these challenges is essential for data visualization designers and developers creating data visualizations on large displays. In this study, we aim to identify the challenges designers and developers encounter when creating data visualizations for large displays. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 experts experienced in creating data visualizations for large displays and, through affinity diagramming, categorized the challenges. We identified several challenges in designing, developing, and evaluating data visualizations on large displays, as well as building infrastructure for large displays. Design challenges included scaling visual encodings, limited design tools, and adopting design guidelines for large displays. In the development phase, developers faced difficulties working away from large displays and dealing with insufficient tools and resources. During the evaluation phase, researchers encountered issues with individuals' unfamiliarity with large display technology, interaction interruptions by technical limitations such as cursor visibility issues, and limitations in feedback gathering. Infrastructure challenges involved environmental constraints, technical issues, and difficulties in relocating large display setups. We share the lessons learned from our study and provide future directions along with research project examples to address these challenges.

GVVST: Image-Driven Style Extraction From Graph Visualizations for Visual Style Transfer.

Incorporating automatic style extraction and transfer from existing well-designed graph visualizations can significantly alleviate the designer's workload. There are many types of graph visualizations. In this paper, our work focuses on node-link diagrams. We present a novel approach to streamline the design process of graph visualizations by automatically extracting visual styles from well-designed examples and applying them to other graphs. Our formative study identifies the key styles that designers consider when crafting visualizations, categorizing them into global and local styles. Leveraging deep learning techniques such as saliency detection models and multi-label classification models, we develop end-to-end pipelines for extracting both global and local styles. Global styles focus on aspects such as color scheme and layout, while local styles are concerned with the finer details of node and edge representations. Through a user study and evaluation experiment, we demonstrate the efficacy and time-saving benefits of our method, highlighting its potential to enhance the graph visualization design process.

Design and Art Tools Formation of Visual Context in Modern Anthropogenic Environment

The purpose of the article is to establish the design and artistic means of forming the cultural-artistic context of modern anthropogenic space. The research methodology involved the use of synthesis and analysis methods with the involvement of interdisciplinary connections (architecture, art history, cultural studies, psychology, design), which made it possible to develop the available theoretical and practical experience on the subject of the article; the method of theoretical generalisation was used to formulate conclusions regarding the outlined problem. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that it actualises the issue of the role of the visual and plastic language of design in the formation of the communicative and cultural content of the anthropogenic environment. Conclusions. With the change of socio-cultural, political and economic conditions, people's requirements for their environment also change. Design and artistic techniques make it possible to dynamically adjust the visual context of the space, to modernise it. The visual plastic design language of the modern anthropogenic environment is presented in artistically decorated stationary and moving objects, their parts, which add character and individuality to it, cause certain emotions in people who interact with such a space. The presence of murals, graffiti, street stencils, sticker art, aerosol art, posters, photo wallpapers, knitted graffiti, mosaics, LED art, media facades, sculptures, video mapping contributes to the formation of a new visual context of the environment, 3D images. Unsystematic, chaotic formation of the visual context of the space can disrupt its artistic integrity. It is worth considering the location of the object, its role in the general structure of the environment, architectural, historical or ethnic context.

Research on the Influencing Factors of Art Intervention in the Environmental Graphics of Rural Cultural Tourism Space

In the development of rural revitalization, the art intervention in rural cultural tourism has become a hot topic recently. With the advent of the new media era, it is particularly important to study the factors that affect the artistic value of environmental graphic design. This study proposes six dimensions of environmental graphic design for rural cultural tourism through literature analysis and experience summary, which are refined into 21 impact indicators. It is based on the case of the environmental graphic publicity of cultural tourism in Chongqing Nanshan Cattle Village, using the SBE beauty evaluation method to evaluate the influencing factors, while using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to measure each indicator. The consistency of the two evaluation methods verifies the feasibility of the influencing factors, and this study found the influence of visuality, cultural nature, artistic nature, interactivity, spatiality, and communicativeness on aesthetic value. Moreover, the core of environmental graphic design lies in information transmission, in which artistic nature occupies an important position, while cultural nature, although it has a relatively small weight in aesthetic value, cannot be ignored in social media communication. In terms of visual design, a reasonable layout of equipment significantly enhances visual appeal, while spatial adaptability is considered a key factor. This paper emphasizes the integration of art principles into design to promote sustainable development, while also pointing out that the identification of rural cultural symbols can enhance visitors’ cultural experience. In terms of interactivity, it is crucial to encourage visitors to actively participate and share their experiences, while communication emphasizes the important impact of exposure to rural scenes on brand communication. This research provides systematic theoretical support and practical guidance for the environmental graphic design of rural cultural tourism.

Evaluating the impact of augmented reality on visual communication design education: Enhancing student motivation, achievement, interest, and engagement

Evaluating the impact of augmented reality on visual communication design education: Enhancing student motivation, achievement, interest, and engagement

Problem-driven visualization design of health and pollution big data

We present the design of a big data visualization application aimed at investigating the potential relationships between air pollution and perinatal health. We integrated data from singleton pregnancies in Brazil over a seven-year period and records of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels. Our methodology combines Design by Immersion and co-design, engaging specialists from various domains in problem-driven visualization design. The interactive visualization allows exploratory queries and comparative analyses based on medical birth certificate data restructured according to estimated conception dates. The collaboration of various domain experts was essential for leveraging complex data for an informed decision-making visualization.

Desain Game 2D Mini Zoo Edukasi Interaktif untuk Anak-Anak Usia 7 Tahun Keatas

This research focuses on the development of 2D Mini Zoo games specifically designed for children aged 7 years and above. By combining jigsaw puzzle game elements and square puzzles, the game aims to create a fun and rewarding learning experience. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The data collected from these observations and interviews is expected to be authentically integrated in game development. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively consisting of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that through this game, children can learn to recognize shapes and animals in an interactive and colorful way. The friendly and attractive visual design was deliberately chosen to make children feel comfortable and interested in continuing to play while learning. In addition, this game also helps children in developing important skills such as eye-hand coordination, memory, and problem-solving skills. We hope that Mini Zoo can be a fun learning companion for children, helping them grow and develop in a supportive and educational environment

Visualising the school: a critical study on co-designing a Moodle-based learning management system

ABSTRACT Critical research on data visualisations in education has so far mostly focused on the representation of numeric data in dashboards or graphs. Consequently, the question of how schools are made visible and (re)enacted through visual structures on data-mediated interfaces more broadly – what we call Graphic Data Visualisations (GDV) – has remained under-researched. Addressing that research gap, this study specifically scrutinises the role of GDV as non-human actors within the design process of a Moodle-based learning management system (LMS) in four schools. Following a critical co-design approach, the potential of GDV to reflect on how the visual design shapes educational practices, and to adapt it according to pedagogical and organisational needs is explored. Focusing on ‘critical incidents’ in the design process, we found that local practices substantially influenced the data-based, visual enactment of a school through specific GDV. At the same time, the use of certain GDV enhanced a general critical engagement with datafication among school actors.

3D liquid pattern in beverage retained by pseudoplasticity of hydrocolloid polysaccharides

Creation of well-retained 3D fluidic patterns in the beverage was demonstrated using pseudoplastic fluids. The retainability of the obtained patterns depends on the pseudoplasticity of the base beverage as a canvas solution, rather than the viscosity itself. A small amount of xanthan gum added to the canvas solution imparted high pseudoplasticity, resulting in improved retainability of the 3D fluidic patterns. On the other hand, the higher viscosity while keeping Newtonian behavior by addition of e.g., carboxymethyl cellulose led to less effect of the retainability, more susceptible to convective perturbation by drawing motion. Thus, making use of pseudoplasticity rather than simply resorting to viscosity satisfies both visual design and drinking experience. This liquid drawing technology in beverage is based on the rational design of rheological characteristics, enabling the diverse 3D designs in a cup of beverage.

Archiving sartorial narratives from India: An interview with Anwesh Sahoo

This article is an interview conducted by the author with Anwesh Sahoo who is a visual designer, technical and non-fungible token (NFT) artist, the first Indian recipient of the Troy Perry Medal of Pride for compassionate activism, the youngest winner of Mr Gay World India and the creator of The Effeminare. Through their conversation, the article touches upon a range of aspects of queer fashion, including cyber fashion, digital drag, representation of masculinity and femininity, and its varied significances within the cultural context of India.

A SEMIOTIC STUDY OF CARICATURE: THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN AMERICA AND CHINA

Visual communication is a compound process, which requires broad knowledge of semiotics. Semiotics is the education of signs and symbols. In what way these signs and symbols are interpreted is studied under semiotics. It has many concealed signs and connotations, for example: brand name, logo, package design, color, punch line and trade mark, etc. The present study presents one of the most significant philosophies and replicas of visual social semiotics, namely, Kress and van Leeuwen’s "Grammar of Visual Design". It involves the description of semiotic resources, what can be said and done with images (and other visual means of communication) and how things people say and do with images can be interpreted. Thus, the communicative values of signs in a caricature are a portrait with the volume turned up. A caricature is a painting, or more commonly a picture, of an object or item in which the characteristics and structure have been blurred and exaggerated to ridicule or satirize the topic. Thus the current study aims at studying some caricatures nonverbally through analyzing the image and colours of it. The study tackles semiotics; specifically social semiotics, caricature, the elements of analyzing caricature, which are: image, word, and colour. The first part carries on the introduction of the current study as well as tackling the problem of the study, the literature review of semiotics in general and social semiotics in particular. The second part carries on the data and its analysis through the model, as well as the visual results, finally, giving the conclusion.

The Role and Challenges of Visual Design in Public Health Information Communication

The Role and Challenges of Visual Design in Public Health Information Communication

ATVis: Understanding and diagnosing adversarial training processes through visual analytics

Adversarial training has emerged as a major strategy against adversarial perturbations in deep neural networks, which mitigates the issue of exploiting model vulnerabilities to generate incorrect predictions. Despite enhancing robustness, adversarial training often results in a trade-off with standard accuracy on normal data, a phenomenon that remains a contentious issue. In addition, the opaque nature of deep neural network models renders it more difficult to inspect and diagnose how adversarial training processes evolve. This paper introduces ATVis, a visual analytics framework for examining and diagnosing adversarial training processes. Through multi-level visualization design, ATVis enables the examination of model robustness from various granularity, facilitating a detailed understanding of the dynamics in the training epochs. The framework reveals the complex relationship between adversarial robustness and standard accuracy, which further offers insights into the mechanisms that drive the trade-offs observed in adversarial training. The effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated through case studies.

The Russian Language Textbook as a Multimodal Object

The school textbook has always been the most important tool for organizing the educational process. Many studies by Kazakhstani scholars have been devoted to the issue of the quality of Kazakhstani textbooks. However, most of the research primarily focuses on the verbal component of textbooks, while their visual design is often underestimated. This suggests that the school textbook is not considered a holistic multimodal object, each element of which (both verbal and non-verbal) is intended to contribute to developing students' multimodal literacy. Since the development of educational literature today is carried out not only by scholars but also by practicing educators, there is a need to study teachers' professional attitudes toward the multimodality of textbooks. The article employs a survey method to investigate teachers' evaluative perception of the visual design of Russian language textbooks for the 5th grade from the publishers “Mektep” and “AEO NIS”. The authors found out that teachers transfer their negative attitude towards the verbal component of the textbook to its non-verbal aspect, poorly understanding the didactic potential of the multimodality of the textbook, which hinders their successful work in shaping and developing students' multimodal literacy. In light of the insufficiently high ranking of Kazakhstani students in international studies such as PIRLS and PISA, the results obtained in the article acquire special relevance. Based on the conducted analysis, the authors propose recommendations for solving the identified problem.

Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning Textbooks: ICARE's Pedagogical Approach to the Teaching Profession

The objectives of the study are to design a problem-based learning-based teaching profession textbook using the ICARE (Introduction, Connection, Application, Reflection, Extension) pedagogical approach; to assess the viability and efficacy of a PBL-based teaching profession textbook. Using the Borg and Gall paradigm, this research methodology called research and development (R&D). The study was carried out at the FIP Unimed, PGSD Department, Teaching Profession course. Students and instructors with expert validation—that is, specialists in learning design, visual design, and materials—were the study's subjects. Additionally, by carrying out field, small-group, and individual trials. Expert validation from subject matter experts, learning design experts, and graphic design experts is required for the entire product's results. In order to identify a teaching profession textbook based on PBL and assess its viability and efficacy, the following step involves conducting individual, small group, and field trials as well as carrying out revisions and analysis. ANOVA and/or the t-test will be used to examine the quasi-experimental approach (pretest-posttest with control group design) and the study's findings. The study's findings show that the PBL-Based Teaching Profession Textbook is deemed useful and appropriate for use in the classroom, with the potential to enhance student learning outcomes.

아파트 관리 애플리케이션 인터페이스 디자인 비교·분석 연구 - 국내 아파트 앱을 중심으로

Recently, among the O2O mobile application services, apartment management apps that provide convenience have been released. They are digital service apps for residents’ use; inquiry and payment of management fees, energy cost checks and non-face-to-face civil complaints are the main services provided by the apps. However, the usability or user experience of the service has not been studied yet. Thus, the purpose of this study is to present necessary improvements for U.I design for Aptner and Apti, the representative apartment app service in Korea. First of all, In the theoretical background, the concept and current status of apartment management apps and components of interface design were summarized. In addition, previous overseas studies that had been investigated were reviewed and organized, and evaluation factors that can be applied to apartment app U.I usability evaluation criteria were also derived. Second, in the analysis of the study subject, the component analysis of the interface visual design, the apartment management app questionnaire, and the usability evaluation task list were created. Third, in the research results, reasonable improvements were presented by comparing and analyzing usability evaluation factor items.

МЕТОДИКА КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ КОРОНОК В ПОЛОСТИ РТА

According to statistics collected by domestic and foreign authors, the number of patients in need of orthopedic treatment is increasing every year. [7,8] Modern dental prosthetics includes not only an integrated approach to rehabilitation and restoration of lost functions, but also a high level of aesthetics of the prostheses themselves, which has a significant impact on the comfort and quality of life of dental patients [7,8,15]. The patient's subjective satisfaction with the result of treatment is one of the main tasks of an orthopedic dentist, no less important than rational prosthetics itself. Thus, in order to achieve success, it is necessary to carefully analyze the initial clinical situation, draw up a comprehensive treatment plan, perform dental prosthetics and evaluate the results obtained. The purpose of the work: to propose a fast and effective method for the comprehensive assessment of an artificial tooth crown, which would have practical application by dentists, would not require significant efforts to interpret the results, and also took into account the general subjective assessment of the patient's quality of life. We have created a web page on the Internet where the proposed two-stage questionnaire is posted. The following technologies and libraries were used to implement the project: HTML5: The main markup language for creating the structure of a web page, including a table with evaluation parameters. CSS: A style language used for the visual design of a table and other elements of a web page to provide a user-friendly and intuitive interface for users. JavaScript: A scripting programming language used to implement the logic of calculating the W coefficient and dynamically displaying the results on the page. The first part is an assessment of artificial crowns according to the method of patent No. 2619386 From the Russian Federation, IPC A61B 10/00 [3], supplemented by an assessment of galvanosis phenomena. The second part is presented by the standardized questionnaire OHIP-14RU [1]. The proposed technique allows for a quick, effective, comprehensive and unified assessment of artificial crowns and their impact on the comfort of the patient's quality of life. Conclusions. This work is aimed at improving the results of comprehensive orthopedic treatment and rehabilitation of patients. The technique allows for a comprehensive assessment, is fast and effective, and is suitable for direct use at a clinical appointment and in research activities in the field of medicine.

Research on Visual Recognition of Service Robots Based on YOLO Algorithm

In modern society, based on the aging of population and the rapid development of intelligent technology, the demand for intelligent service robots is increasing, and visual recognition is one of the key technologies of service robots. The rapid development of deep learning technology provides new solutions for visual recognition. Existing target recognition algorithms have the problem of complex model and slow inference speed. According to the above problems, this paper proposes a visual recognition algorithm based on YOLO series, which is used for the visual recognition design scheme of service robot. It can ensure the detection accuracy, reduce the speed of the model complexity, speed up the reasoning, and determine whether to meet the actual needs. Through randomly selected pictures, the results show that the design scheme can effectively improve the detection accuracy and real-time of the service robot on targets, and enhance its autonomous service ability in various complex environments.