Room Visitors Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry: A Comprehensive Literature Review

IntroductionThe incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, especially in mental health services, offers potential advancements in efficiency and personalization. As AI technologies like machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) continue to evolve, it’s vital to evaluate their applications in psychiatry comprehensively.ObjectivesThis review aims to summarize and characterize studies that used AI, particularly machine learning and NLP, in mental health. Additionally, it endeavors to understand how these technologies may enhance diagnostic tools, symptom monitoring, and delivery of personalized treatment in psychiatry.MethodsAdhering to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was executed across multiple medical databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PsycINFO. Keywords encompassed machine learning, data mining, psychiatry, and mental health. Exclusion criteria included non-English papers, anonymization process descriptions, case studies, conference papers, and other reviews. Data from various segments in the provided information were synthesized to capture the broader picture of AI’s application in psychiatry.ResultsFrom the 327 articles initially identified, 58 were chosen for detailed review. Studies predominantly revolved around three main populations: patients in medical databases, emergency room visitors, and social media users. The primary applications of AI entailed symptom extraction, illness severity classification, therapy effectiveness comparison, and psychopathological insights derivation. Data sources mainly included medical records and social media, with Python emerging as the preferred platform for most studies.ConclusionsWhile AI shows immense promise in revolutionizing mental health care, its current applications largely confirm existing clinical hypotheses. Ethical concerns, such as patient privacy and data biases, remain paramount. Future work should delve deeper into these challenges while further exploring AI’s potential in clinical psychiatry practice.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Customer satisfaction and sale performance in New York State brewery tasting rooms

AbstractThe US craft brewery industry has grown steadily in recent years before the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of small, independently owned craft breweries rely on tasting rooms for revenues and profits. Using data collected from a survey of tasting room visitors from 21 craft breweries in New York, this research investigates factors influencing visitors’ customer satisfaction (CS) and the link between brewery tasting room CS and sales performance. The results show that brewery interior ambience, beer tasting execution, and friendliness and knowledge of servers are the main factors influencing CS in tasting rooms. Furthermore, results suggest that higher CS levels increase visitors’ purchase likelihood and beer purchase amounts (by volume and value). These findings indicate that breweries should focus on such factors as strengthening staff training, enhancing tasting room ambience, and improving beer tasting execution that have the highest positive influence on CS to increase sales. This study has implications for the rapidly growing craft brewery industry in the USA.

Sistem Monitoring Jumlah Pengunjung Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Berbasis Android

A Hospital is a health facility that aims to provide good health services for patients. The physical environment of the inpatient room also affects the patient's psychological condition. The inpatient room should raise optimism so that it can help the patient's healing process. Standard operating procedures in a hospital limit the number of visitors in each inpatient room. This is especially true in the class 1 inpatient room, where the number of patients is limited to two people and the maximum number of visitors limited to 2 people. However, even though the number of visitors to the hospital has been determined, many of the patients' families or relatives who want to visit violate these rules. This happens even though it has been prohibited or without the knowledge of the hospital staff. This paper describes the development of an Android based system to monitor the number of visitors to the hospital's inpatient room, streamlining the number of visitors to the hospital's inpatient room. The researcher uses a camera so that he can immediately capture the number of visitors in the room. The captured picture are processed in a Raspberry pi to count the number of visitors in the room, using tensorflow as an object detector (visitor). The system can then send notifications to the application when the number of visitors exceeds the safe limit. Researchers also use a mobile application to display monitoring results. so that with this system, the head of the hospital room and the hospital security guard can find out the number of visitors who are in the hospital inpatient room and the number of visitors who exceed the maximum limit.

The COVID-19 pandemic, customer satisfaction and sales performance in wine tasting rooms in the Finger Lakes region of New York State

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the drivers of customer satisfaction (CS) and sales performance at wineries in the Finger Lakes region of New York State in the context of changes winery tasting rooms implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA survey was administered to tasting room visitors at two wineries in October 2020 in the Finger Lakes region of New York State resulting in 215 usable survey responses measuring customer satisfaction. A factor analysis was used to identify primary factors influencing overall CS. The authors then modeled how these primary factors, along with various demographic factors, influence sales metrics. The results are then compared with previous estimates of such drivers in pre-COVID tasting rooms.FindingsThe authors identified four main CS factors: Staff Interactions, Wine Tasting, COVID-19 Precautions and Ambience that play a significant role in overall CS. Of these, Wine Tasting was shown to have a positive influence on total amount spent and the number of bottles purchased, whereas COVID-19 Precautions positively impacted the number of bottles purchased. Overall, CS is also shown to positively impact total amount spent and number of bottles purchased. Customers are shown to prefer some changes to the tasting room due to COVID-19, such as having table service and reservations.Originality/valueThis is the first study researching the influence of certain tasting room changes implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic has had on CS and wine-purchasing decisions in tasting rooms.

Wine Tourists in Emerging Wine Regions: A Study of Tasting Room Visitors in the Great Lakes Region of the US

Since 2000, the number of wineries in the US has nearly tripled. Many of the new wineries are small, located in regions not known for wine production, and often specialize in lesser known wine grape varieties that are suited to the local environment. With over 900 wineries, the Great Lakes region in the northern US accounts for a small percentage of US wine production, but the wine industry there plays an important role in rural economies that historically relied on manufacturing, extraction, and non-wine agriculture. The emerging wine industry in new locations is also providing new opportunities for people to experience a winery visit. In fact, most small wineries rely primarily on sales from their tasting rooms. However, the factors that impact the purchase decision at a winery are different than those at retail establishments and restaurants, and there is evidence that the people who visit wineries in emerging regions are different than typical wine consumers and visitors to the world's best-known wine regions. Given the importance of winery visitors to the success of wineries in emerging regions, it is critical that winery leaders and tourism stakeholders understand their consumers and the factors that impact their travel and wine purchase decisions. This article presents the results of a study of over 3,000 visitors to wineries in three Great Lakes region states. Findings show that the main reason for visiting wineries is for recreational experiences rather than to purchase wine; however, almost all wine tourists contacted for this study purchased several bottles of wine to take home. Moreover, visiting wineries is an important reason for travel decisions, and wine tourists spend a significant amount of money in the region while they are there. Additional findings can inform the decisions of wine tourism stakeholders and provide insights on visitors to emerging wine regions.

Clinical profiles and temporal patterns of psychiatric emergency room visitors in Sweden

Aims: To describe persons visiting the psychiatric emergency room (PER) in Sweden and to compare persons who frequently (PFV) and infrequently (PIFV) visit PERs in terms of group size, age, gender, PER location inside versus outside the home municipality, diagnosis (ICD 10), temporal patterns of visits and hospital admissions.Methods: This register study included all visits to PERs in one Swedish county over 3 years, 2013–2015 (N = 67,031 visits). The study employed descriptive statistics as well as Chi-square tests combined with Bonferroni correction to compare PFV with PIFV.Results: Of the total of 27,282 visitors, 2201 (8.1%) were identified as PFV (five or more visits within 12 months) and they accounted for 38.1% of the total visits. The study found differences between PFV and PIFV in gender, diagnostic profile, hospital admissions and temporal patterns. Differences were also detected with regard to distance between PERs and home municipalities. However, no age-related differences were found between the two groups.Conclusions: PFV and PIFV have different clinical profiles and temporal patterns. These results may be important when planning, developing and evaluating interventions targeting the needs of each group, which is in accordance with a person-centred approach. Such an approach might eventually result in fewer visits to PERs.

Levels of Circulating Alternatively Spliced Tissue Factor (asTF) in the Plasma of Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) May Help Predict Aggressive Tumor Phenotype

▪Tissue Factor (TF) present in blood cells and plasma is referred to as blood-borne or circulating TF. TF has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic disease states, most notably cardiovascular disease/thrombosis, diabetes, and cancer. Full-length TF is an integral membrane protein while alternatively spliced TF can be secreted in a free form and features a unique C-terminal domain enabling its selective detection in bio-specimens. Recently, asTF was shown to circulate in the blood of metastatic breast cancer patients at concentrations exceeding 1 ng/mL (Kocaturk et al, PNAS 2013), and it promoted tumor growth and spread in an orthotopic model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, Unruh et al, Int J Cancer, 2014). asTF protein acts as a cell agonist driving angiogenesis, cancer cell proliferation, and monocyte recruitment via integrin binding. It is not known whether circulating asTF may contribute to or serve as a biomarker in patients suffering from cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and/or solid cancers including PDAC. We evaluated circulating asTF in healthy subjects and individuals with ongoing acute coronary syndrome (ACS); diabetes mellitus (DM); ongoing ACS+DM; and PDAC.Samples of platelet poor plasma from 204 subjects were obtained from University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute’s Tumor Bank and Diagnostica Stago collections, blood specimens drawn from emergency room visitors at four medical centers in the US, and George King Bio-Medical, Inc. ACS was defined by positive troponin levels; DM was self-identified. Blood was drawn into tubes containing heparin (ASC, DM, ACS+DM), acid citrate dextrose (PDAC), or sodium citrate (healthy subjects), centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min at 4°C, and stored at -80°C until use. Blinded asTF ELISA was performed on plasma samples as per the prototype-tailored procedure (Diagnostica Stago). Samples with asTF concentrations ≥0.2 ng/mL were deemed positive. asTF concentrations are presented as mean±SD. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance was used to compare differences in concentration levels between the cohorts; Chi-Square and/or Fisher’s exact test were used to compare proportions.asTF protein was detectable in the plasma of 3/19 (15.8%) subjects in the healthy cohort (CORE Set 50, George King Bio-Medical); 7/38 (18.4%) in the no ACS/no DM cohort (emergency room visitors’ control group); 2/40 (5%) in the DM cohort; 5/39 (12.8%) in the ACS cohort; 4/25 (16.0%) in the ACS/DM cohort; and 20/43 (46.5%) in the PDAC cohort; the proportion of PDAC patients positive for asTF was significantly higher compared to that in all other cohorts (p<0.01, Chi-Square test). The mean asTF concentrations in the cohorts were as follows: PDAC, 0.403±0.912 ng/mL; healthy subjects, 0.169±0.596 ng/mL; emergency room visitors’ control group, 0.159±0.357 ng/mL; ACS, 0.0925±0.258 ng/mL; DM, 0.0423±0.19 ng/mL; ACS+DM, 0.208±0.642 ng/mL; the differences between mean asTF levels in the cohorts did not reach significance. Next, we evaluated asTF’s potential as a biomarker to help detect a more aggressive PDAC phenotype. Among the 43 patients with PDAC, 36 were initially deemed resectable and 7 unresectable due to the presence of metastatic disease as determined by diagnostic screening; following exploratory laparoscopic surgery, 11 out of 36 patients initially deemed resectable were deemed unresectable due to the presence of metastatic disease. When the entire PDAC cohort was split into bona fide resectable (25) and unresectable (18) sub-cohorts, positivity for asTF was significantly more prevalent in the unresectable sub-cohort irrespective of the results of initial evaluation and/or pre-operative CA19-9 levels (asTF ≥0.2 ng/mL: 13 unresectable and 7 resectable patients; asTF<0.2 ng/mL: 5 unresectable and 18 resectable patients, p=0.0059, Fisher’s exact test).We here report that asTF at levels ≥0.2 ng/mL occurs more frequently in the plasma of patients with PDAC compared to healthy subjects and/or individuals with ACS, DM, and ACS/DM. Further, PDAC patients whose plasma asTF levels were equal to or exceeded 0.2 ng/mL had a significantly lower chance to qualify for tumor resection, irrespective of initial pre-surgical diagnostic evaluation. asTF may thus comprise a novel marker of aggressive PDAC phenotype with potential utility in patient stratification, warranting prospective evaluation of larger PDAC patient cohorts. DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Response by Bradley Thach

Dr. Paviotti and his associates are to be commended for developing a program that intends to improve newborn infant safety while promoting mother–infant contact and breast feeding.1 I agree on the need to prove the effectiveness of this protocol as in my report a few infants, who died, had awake mothers and room visitors at the time. The scheduled observations may prove valuable, but an infant can become dangerously hypoxic when its airway is obstructed for only a few minutes. I agree that bed sharing should be discouraged.

Barriers to Skin-to-Skin Care During the Postpartum Stay

To determine both mothers' and nurses' understanding of barriers to skin-to-skin care (SSC) during the postpartum hospital stay. Mixed-method study including surveys and focus groups with both nurses working in a postpartum unit, and mothers who had recently given birth. Fourteen nurses and 15 mothers completed surveys. Survey questions related to beliefs about SSC as well as perceived barriers and were drawn from the literature. Additionally, several focus groups with nurses and one focus group with new mothers explored attitudes, beliefs, and practices related to SSC, barriers, and potential interventions. All nurses indicated that SSC was important for both mothers and infants, and identified perceived barriers to the practice. By a large margin, visitors in the patient room and others wanting to hold the baby were the most frequently cited barriers to SSC. Most nurses believed that mothers were unaware of the benefits of SSC and did not spend enough time SSC, yet most mothers said that they were aware of the importance of SSC and that they had spent enough time SSC. Barriers most often identified by mothers were visitors in the room, other people wanting to hold the baby, and safety concerns related to feeling groggy. Identifying barriers to SSC and intervening to reduce them may have implications for both maternal role development and breastfeeding success, thus positively impacting long-term health of mother and child. Studies such as this should be conducted with other populations in other centers.

Applying organisation theory to understand barriers and facilitators to the implementation of baby-friendly: A multisite qualitative study

Objectives(a) to apply an organisation-level, pre-implementation theory to identify and describe factors that may impact hospitals' readiness to achieve the Ten Steps and (b) to explore whether/how these factors vary across hospitals. Designa multisite, descriptive, qualitative study of eight hospitals that used semi-structured interviews of health-care professionals. Template analyses identified factors that related to organisation-level theory. Cross-site comparative analyses explored how factors varied across hospitals. Settingthirty-four health-care professionals from eight North Carolina hospitals serving low-wealth populations. The hospitals are participating in a quality improvement project to support the implementation of the Ten Steps. This study occurred during the pre-implementation phase. Findingsseveral factors emerged relating to collective efficacy (i.e., the shared belief that the group, as a whole, is able to implement the Steps) and collective commitment (i.e., the shared belief that the group, as a whole, is committed to implementing the Steps) to implement the Ten Steps. Factors relating to both constructs included ‘staff age/experience,’ ‘perceptions of forcing versus supporting mothers,’ ‘perceptions of mothers’ culture,’ and ‘reliance on lactation consultants.’ Factors relating to commitment included ‘night versus day shift,’ ‘management support,’ ‘change champions,’ ‘observing mothers utilize breastfeeding support.’ Factors relating to efficacy included ‘staffing,’ ‘trainings,’ and ‘visitors in room.’ Commitment-factors were more salient than efficacy-factors among the three large hospitals. Efficacy-factors were more salient than commitment-factors among the smaller hospitals. Key conclusions and implications for practiceinterventions focused on implementing the Ten Step may benefit from improving collective efficacy and collective commitment. Potential approaches could include skills-based, hands-on training highlighting benefits for mothers, staff, and the hospital, and addressing context-specific misconceptions about the Steps.

Multicenter Study of Preferences for Health Education in the Emergency Department Population

Emergency departments (EDs) are increasingly proposed as high-yield venues for providing preventive health education to a population at risk for unhealthy behaviors and unmet primary care needs. This study sought to determine the preferred health education topics and teaching modality among ED patients and visitors. For two 24-hour periods, patients aged 18 years and older presenting to four Boston EDs were consecutively enrolled, and waiting room visitors were surveyed every 3 hours. The survey assessed interest in 28 health conditions and topics, which were further classified into nine composite health education categories. Also assessed was the participants' preferred teaching modality. Among 1,321 eligible subjects, 1,010 (76%) completed the survey, of whom 56% were patients and 44% were visitors. Among the health conditions, respondents were most interested in learning about stress and depression (32%). Among the health topics, respondents were most interested in exercise and nutrition (43%). With regard to learning modality, 34% of subjects chose brochures/book, 25% video, 24% speaking with an expert, 14% using a computer, and 3% another mode of learning (e.g., a class). Speaking with an expert was the overall preferred modality for those with less than high school education and Hispanics, as well as those interested in HIV screening, youth violence, and stroke. Video was the preferred modality for those interested in learning more about depression, alcohol, drugs, firearm safety, and smoke detectors. Emergency department patients and visitors were most interested in health education on stress, depression, exercise, and nutrition, compared to topics more commonly targeted to the ED population such as substance abuse, sexual health (including HIV testing), and injury prevention. Despite many recent innovations in health education, most ED patients and visitors in our study preferred the traditional form of books and brochures. Future ED health education efforts may be optimized by taking into account the learning preferences of the target ED population.

Disproportionate Use of Psychiatric Emergency Services by African Americans

Disproportionate Use of Psychiatric Emergency Services by African Americans

Gender as a moderator of reciprocal consumer behavior

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how purchasing behavior is approached as a customer‐perceived need to reciprocate for services received. The study seeks to examine involvement, knowledge, and identity as predictors of reciprocal consumer behavior. Two components of reciprocity – gratitude and obligation – are expected to mediate the relationships. The effect is expected to be different for men and women.Design/methodology/approachWine was chosen as a product category to test the relationships in the models. Data collection was conducted via distribution of surveys to tasting room visitors at six wineries. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe impact of knowledge, identity, and involvement were important findings from the research. The differences between males and females with regard to their feelings of gratitude and obligation and the impact on purchasing are pronounced. Obligation to make a purchase had a stronger effect on the purchasing behavior of women. In contrast, gratitude (feeling appreciation and thankfulness to personnel) was a stronger reason for men to make a purchase.Practical implicationsKnowledge about different ways in which men and women reciprocate could be useful for researchers and practitioners. Free samples provided to potential buyers, tours of industrial factories where products are also sold, and a variety of service situations are all possible contexts where gratitude and obligation may occur. Purchases are likely to be the result at least in part because of these feelings.Originality/valueThe major contribution of this research is to highlight the role of gender in reciprocity research and to demonstrate the application of this effect in consumer behavior.

Looking for Sexual Compatibility: Experiences among Swedish Men in Visiting Internet Gay Chat Rooms

Internet chat rooms have become an important new channel for men who have sex with men. Through chat rooms, sexual partners can be met in virtual and in real life. The aim of this article is to explore the questions: Who are the men that visit the Internet gay chat rooms, and what are the experiences in meeting sex partners in real life through these channels? The findings are derived from a large Swedish socio-sexual study of men who have sex with men. The Internet is used along with traditional sampling methods in the study. A total of 716 written questionnaires and 678 Internet questionnaires were obtained. Additional qualitative data from interviews with men who have experience with meeting male sex partners through Internet chat rooms is presented for illustrative purposes. The findings suggest that Internet gay chat rooms may attract younger men, men who identify themselves as bisexual, and men who live outside the major cities. The findings also suggest that it is common to have the experience of meeting sex partners in real life through the chat rooms. The chat room visitors are less likely to be tested for HIV and more likely to have had unprotected anal intercourse. Consequently, the chat rooms are important media to be used in HIV prevention with appropriate health interventions in order to reach men who put themselves at risk.

Self-Mutilation and the Chronically Suicidal Patient: An Examination of the Frequent Visitor to the Psychiatric Emergency Room

AbstractA retrospective chart review examined the records of all patients (n = 1580) seen in the emergency mental health service at a major teaching hospital during the time period June 30, 1985, through July 1, 1986. Twenty-four chronically “suicidal” patients were identified. Suicidality and chronicity were operationally defined as four or more visits, in which “suicidal” behavior was the primary presenting problem during the index year. The diagnostic and demographic characteristics of these patients were compared to a matched “nonsuicidal” control group of chronic emergency room visitors. Nineteen out of the 24 chronically “suicidal” patients had a history of self-mutilation, whereas none of the control group had any mention of self-mutilation or suicidal behavior in their charts (x2 = 26.42, df = 1, p < 0.01). These 24 “suicidal” patients, who comprised a little more than 1% of the patients seen that year in the psychiatric emergency service, accounted for over 12% of all psychiatric emergency room v...

The Physician's Responsibility for the Care of AIDS Patients: An Opinion

Although unknown in the 1970s, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has become epidemic in the United States among certain risk groups. According to recent statistics from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), as of March 21, 1988, the United States had reported a total of 54,233 of these cases. 1 Update: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)—worldwide. MMWR May 13. 1988; 37: 286-296 Google Scholar Homosexual and bisexual men and IV drug abusers constitute 89 percent of the total cases, while hemophiliacs and transfusion recipients represent an additional 3 percent of the total. Once seroconversion to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurs, it is likely that most individuals will eventually develop clinical disease and will ultimately die. Seropositivity among high risk groups in large United States cities may be as high as 80 percent. In unselected serial emergency room visitors to The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, approximately 5 percent were found to be HIV-seropositive. 2 Baker J.L. Kelen G.D. Sivertson K.T. Quinn T.C. Unsuspected human immunodeficiency virus in critically ill emergency patients. JAMA. 1987; 257: 2609-2611 Crossref PubMed Scopus (126) Google Scholar , 3 Kelen G.D. Fritz S. Qadish B. Brookmeyer R. Baker J.L. Kline R.L. et al. Unrecognized human immunodeficiency virus infection in emergency patients. N Engl J Med. 1988; 318: 1645-1650 Crossref PubMed Scopus (218) Google Scholar Often, those with the most severe trauma, blood loss, and risk to emergency room personnel were seropositive. In fact, the seroprevalence of those with penetrating trauma was 13.6 percent in this 1988 publication. 3 Kelen G.D. Fritz S. Qadish B. Brookmeyer R. Baker J.L. Kline R.L. et al. Unrecognized human immunodeficiency virus infection in emergency patients. N Engl J Med. 1988; 318: 1645-1650 Crossref PubMed Scopus (218) Google Scholar

Edificio administrativo suspendido en Stade – Alemania

The ground floor includes the vestibule, lecture hall, and auxiliary rooms. Intermediate floor levels are devoted to office space. At the lowest level there is an observation room, for the benefit of those who wish to view the atomic power station, but are not allowed to go in it. From the observation room visitors have a good view of the station, and also with the aid of models, they can learn the methods of operation of the equipment. The total floor area of the suspended building is 1,000 m 2 . With the exception of the foundations, arches, tie members, basement and lift shaft, the building has been made in lightweight prestressed concrete. This has provided an excellent sound insulation and a large saving in weight, as well as a pleasant slenderness of outline.