Visit Root Canal Treatment Research Articles

Effect of Ascorbic Acid as A Final Flush on Post Operative Pain After Single Visit Root Canal Treatment for Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpits Related to Mandibular Molars: Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of Ascorbic Acid as A Final Flush on Post Operative Pain After Single Visit Root Canal Treatment for Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpits Related to Mandibular Molars: Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of long-acting supplementary local anesthetic on intra and post operative pain in single visit root canal treatment: a randomized control trial

Effect of long-acting supplementary local anesthetic on intra and post operative pain in single visit root canal treatment: a randomized control trial

Postoperative Pain Following Single Visit Root Canal Treatment With Reciproc Blue And Hyflex EDM Instrumentation; A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

Objective: Single file systems with continuous rotation or reciprocation produced with many new technologies promising in terms of postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of using novel Reciproc Blue (RBlue) and HyFlex EDM (HEDM) files on postoperative pain after single visit root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: 72 patients with asymptomatic pulp necrosis in mandibular molar and premolar teeth were included. The root canals were prepared using HEDM (n=29) or RBlue (n=28) and hand-instruments (n=15) in single visit. Pain presence using verbal rating scale (VRS) and analgesic intake were recorded after 24h, 48h, 72h and 7 days. Results: Postoperative pain at 24h and 48h was statistically higher at RBlue group than HEDM and control groups (p0.05).There was no difference between groups in terms of analgesic intake (p>0.05). RBlue files were associated with higher incidence of postoperative pain and higher VRS scores than HEDM and hand-instruments. Conclusion: RBlue files working with reciprocating motion caused much more postoperative pain than HEDM files and manual files.

Comparative Evaluation of Incidences of Post Operative Pain in Patient Treated in Single Visit Root Canal Treatment by Using Different Sealers: - An in-Vivo Study

Comparative Evaluation of Incidences of Post Operative Pain in Patient Treated in Single Visit Root Canal Treatment by Using Different Sealers: - An in-Vivo Study

Cryotherapy as a non pharmacological alternative for the management of postoperative endodontic pain after one visit root canal treatment using three irrigating regimens at different temperatures

Background: The goal of the present study was to assess the effect of cryotherapy application at various temperatures in the reduction of postoperative pain after a single-visit (SV) root canal treatment (RCT). Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the postoperative pain after intracanal cryotherapy with saline at different temperatures. Methodology: Sixty participants aged ≥18 years were included in this clinical trial. All patients with good general health indicated for SV RCT were included in the present study. Preoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores were obtained by percussing the tooth, and written consent was obtained. The access cavities were prepared, cleaning and shaping were done, and the patients were allocated into three groups based on final irrigation: Group I – saline at room temperature (37°C) (control group), Group II – cold saline (at 4°C), and Group III – cold saline (at 2.5°C). After drying, the canal obturation was done in the same appointment. Postoperative pain was recorded at 24, 48, and 72 h and 7 days with VAS. In case of severe pain, an analgesic was prescribed. Statistical Analysis Used: The Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Results: Both cryotherapy irrigation groups showed the lowest postoperative pain at 24, 48, and 72 h and after 7 days. The analgesic intake was higher in Group I as compared to other groups. Conclusion: Cryotherapy is a promising nonpharmacological treatment alternative for postoperative pain in SV RCT.

Evaluation of Different Root Canal Sealers on Post Operative Pain in Single Visit RCT – A Comparative Study

ABSTRACT Aim: To evaluate and compare three different root canal sealers (Endo-Sequence BC, Bio Root RCS and Zinc Oxide Eugenol) on post operative pain in single visit root canal therapies. Material and Methodology: 60 subjects with age ranging from 18-60 years were randomly selected depending upon the inclusion criteria. The subjects were then divided into three groups with 20 patients in each. In all the patients’ single visit root canal treatment was done followed by obturation using different sealers. In Group I Endo- Sequence sealer was used, in Group II Bio-Root RCS and in Group III Zinc Oxide Eugenol sealers were used respectively. Results: statistically significant results were obtained on comparing the efficacy of three groups with Group I proving to be much effect among the three. Conclusion: within the limitation of the study it can be concluded that though all the sealers were effective in reducing post-operative pain, patients with Endo Sequence BC sealers evaluated statistically significant results.

Postoperative Pain Following Single-visit Root Canal Treatment with Reciproc Blue and HyFlex EDM Instrumentation; A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

Postoperative Pain Following Single-visit Root Canal Treatment with Reciproc Blue and HyFlex EDM Instrumentation; A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

Diclofenac Transdermal Patch versus Oral Diclofenac on Post Endodontic Pain and Quality of Life- A Randomised Clinical Trial.

To compare the effect of pre-treatment transdermal and oral diclofenac on post-endodontic pain level and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with apical periodontitis in mandibular molars following single visit root canal treatment. This parallel-arm, randomised, double-blinded clinical trial is reported according to the Consoli-dated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2020 guidelines. The protocol was approved by the Institu-tional Ethical Committee on 30th March 2021 (MADC/IEC-I/029/2021) and registered at the clinical trial reg-istry of India (CTRI/2021/12/038696). Adult patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria were randomised into two groups. Group DTP received a diclofenac transdermal patch 100 mg, and Group DOT received a diclofenac oral tablet 100 mg one hour before root canal treatment. Pain scores were checked at baseline, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the treatment. OHRQOL was assessed at baseline and one week after the treatment. Both groups were associated with a significantly lower incidence of post-operative pain and im-proved OHRQOL. At 2 hours, the pain level was significantly lower with an oral diclofenac tablet, and at 24 hours, the pain level was significantly lower with a diclofenac transdermal patch. Regarding OHRQOL, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Within the limitations of this study, the diclofenac transdermal patch had lesser post-operative pain at 24 hours, whereas the oral diclofenac tablet had lesser pain at 2 hours.

Comparative evaluation of effect of intracanal cryotherapy and corticosteroid solution on post endodontic pain in single visit root canal treatment.

Post-operative pain after endodontic treatment is a common occurrence, and its prevalence is mostly high immediately after treatment, decreasing in one day and reportedly reaching minimal levels 7 days after treatment. This research focuses on the final flushing of the root canal with different irrigating solutions to reduce its occurrence. Aim: To compare and evaluate the effect of delivering three intracanal irrigants - saline at room temperature, saline at 2.5oC, and intracanal dexamethasone as final irrigant on postoperative pain after a single visit endodontics. This randomized double-blinded parallel clinical trial was conducted on patients requiring a single appointment root canal treatment, with a pain level of 4 or higher on the visual analogue scale (VAS). According to the final irrigating solution, all patients were randomly allocated into three groups of 15 each: 0.9% physiological saline (Group 1), 2.5oC cold saline (Group 2), and 2ml Dexamethasone (Group 3). Patients were instructed to complete VAS to determine their post-operative scores at 6hrs, 12hrs, and 24hrs following the treatment. In all groups, mean VAS scores decreased significantly from baseline to 6hr and 12hr, with lower scores at 24 hours. Post-hoc analysis revealed no significant distinction in the mean VAS scores between 12 hours to 24 hours. Lower pain scores are observed in the dexamethasone group, followed by cryotherapy which performed better than saline at room temperature. Final flushing with dexamethasone solution and cryotherapy is effective, safe, and a well-tolerated strategy to minimize postoperative pain after single visit endodontics. Key words:Intracanal cryotherapy, Cold saline, Dexamethasone, Postoperative pain, Visual analogue scale.

Effect of Ultrasonic Irrigation Combined with Epoxy Resin Paste in Single Visit Root Canal Treatment in Chronic Pulpitis.

To determine the clinical efficacy of ultrasonic irrigation combined with epoxy resin-based sealer in single visit root canal treatment of chronic pulpitis. Randomised controlled trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Stomatology, Hefei BOE Hospital, Hefei, China, from March 2019 to December 2021. Ninety patients with chronic pulpitis, comprising 104 affected teeth, were enrolled. Using a random number table, they were divided into Group A (n = 30, 35 teeth), Group B (n = 30, 35 teeth), and the control group (n = 30, 34 teeth). All underwent single visit root canal treatment. Group A received ultrasonic irrigation followed by sealing with epoxy resin-based paste; Group B had conventional syringe irrigation followed by the same sealing; the control group had syringe irrigation and closure with zinc oxide-eugenol paste. Pain during treatment, posttreatment clinical outcomes, and differences in inflammatory markers (IL-4, IL-6, hs-CRP), and quality of life (QOL) scores pre- and posttreatment over two months were observed. After the treatment, improvement rates for Groups A, B, and the control group were 91.4%, 65.7%, and 61.7%, respectively. Pain occurrence rates were 6.7%, 30.0%, and 36.7%, respectively. Group A outperformed both Group B and the control group in improvement and pain incidence with statistical significance (p<0.016). Posttreatment, Group A had lower IL-4, IL-6, hs-CRP levels than Groups B and the control group (p<0.05), and had higher scores for sleep, mood, and appetite (p<0.05). Ultrasonic irrigation combined with epoxy resin-based paste yields better results for chronic pulpitis treatment, reducing postoperative pain, mitigating inflammation levels, and enhancing quality of life. Chronic pulpitis, Ultrasonic irrigation, Epoxy resin paste, Root canal treatment, Therapeutic effect.

Efficacy of pre-operative submucosal injection of dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide on post-operative pain following endodontic treatment of teeth with irreversible pulpitis: A randomised clinical trial

Post-endodontic pain is a challenge to clinicians. In this context the evidence for use of preoperative medication is not consistent. The study's objective is to assess the effects of dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide administered submucosally in single doses on postoperative pain following single-visit root canal treatment for teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Thirty patients were randomly allocated in three groups. Group I received saline (control), Group II received dexamethasone (8mg) and Group III received triamcinolone acetonide (40mg) before endodontic treatment was initiated. Root canal treatment was performed in a single appointment for all the participants. Post-operative pain was assessed using Heft-Parker visual analogue scale (HP VAS). Comparison of HP VAS scores was done using Kruskal Wallis Test and Mann Whitney Test. There was no significant difference in the mean HP VAS scores between 3 groups at pre-op period (P=0.74). At 6,12 and 24h post-operative period the mean HP VAS scores in Group 2 and 3 was significantly lesser as compared to Group 1. Corticosteroid preoperative dosages led to a reduction in post endodontic pain after single visit root canal treatment of teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

Comparative analysis of reduction in pain scores after single visit root canal treatment using endodontic irrigation protocols, namely, Conventional needle irrigation, PUI, PIPS and SWEEPS: A randomized control trial.

To assess the effects of different irrigation activation systems on postoperative pain using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), using new laser irrigation activation system shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS), passive ultrasonic irrigation activation techniques, compared with the conventional irrigation (CI) method. Sixty patients suffering from symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in maxillary or mandibular molars were enrolled and randomly assigned to four different irrigation activation groups (n = 15) after chemomechanical root canal preparation. Preoperative and postoperative pain scores were recorded using VAS. The data were collected and subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS 20.0 software at a level of significance being 0.05. We observed that mean pain scores decreased with time in all patients in all groups. The decrease in pain score was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) among both the genders in Group 3 (PIPS) and Group 4 (SWEEPS). Postoperatively, pain scores decreased significantly using Group 4 (SWEEPS), followed by Group 3 (PIPS), Group 2 (ultrasonic activation), and Group 1 (conventional needle irrigation). No significant relation was observed statistically between pain scores and age groups among all groups, except for preoperative score in Group 3 and age groups. Postoperative scores were lower in laser-activated irrigation systems as compared to the other activation systems. The highest pain scores were observed in case of CI method, at pre- and post-operative periods.

Frequency of pain in Teeth with irreversible pulpitis after single visit root canal treatment using cryotherapy

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Objective: &#x0D; To determine the frequency of pain in teeth with irreversible pulpitis after single visit root canal treatment using intra-canal cryotherapy.&#x0D; Study design: &#x0D; Quasi experimental&#x0D; Place and duration of study: &#x0D; Department of Operative Dentistry, Armed forces institute of Dentistry Rawalpindi from 1st June 2017 to 31st December 2017.&#x0D; Material and Methods: &#x0D; Total of 140 patients from 20 to 65 years were equally divided into two groups Group A in which Cryotherapy was used and Group B was control group. After anesthetizing the tooth &amp; application of Rubber Dam, Root canal preparation was done with Protaper next series and copious irrigation of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA solution. In group A patients the final irrigation was done with Normal saline at a temperature of 2.5°C. In the control group, final irrigation was performed with normal saline at room temperature. Obturation was done with cold lateral condensation and permanent restoration was done with composite. Patients were contacted by telephone after 24 Hours and were asked whether they experienced any pain.&#x0D; Results: &#x0D; Mean age was 39.26+12.61 years. There were 82 (58.6) male and 58 (41.4) female patients. Comparison of cryotherapy group and controls was done in terms of post-operative pain. After 24 Hours 80% of the patients in group A has no pain while in control group 61.4% were pain free.&#x0D; Conclusion: &#x0D; Key words: Root canal treatment, cryotherapy, irreversible pulpitis, postoperative pain

Single visit root canal treatment versus pulpotomy in management of pulpitis

AimTo clinically and radiographically evaluate single visit root canal treatment (RCT) and pulpotomy in management of mature teeth with irreversible pulpitis.Patients and methodsTwenty-four patients diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis in their mature permanent mandibular molars, were selected and randomly divided into two equal groups according to the treatment protocol either single visit RCT or pulpotomy. For single visit RCT group, ProTaper NEXT rotary system was used for canal preparation and obturation was done using cold lateral condensation technique. While in pulpotomy group, after coronal pulp amputation and hemostasis, Biodentine was used as the pulpotomy agent. The clinical examination of tested groups was performed immediately after completing the procedure (baseline), 3, 6, 9, and 12 months posttreatment. While the radiographic examination using cone-beam computed tomography was carried out at baseline and 12 months postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed by χ2 test for clinical evaluation criteria and t test for radiographic data.ResultsSingle visit RCT had clinical success rate of 91.67%, while pulpotomy group showed 83.33% success rate. Radiographically, both groups showed normal width of periodontal ligament membrane space and normal bone density after follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsSingle visit RCT and pulpotomy had high success rate in management of mature permanent teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. Pulpotomy can be considered as an alternative treatment option.

Incidence of Postoperative Pain after Single Visit Root Canal Treatment using XP-endo Shaper, 2Shape and ProTaper Gold Rotary Systems: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial.

To evaluate the incidence of postoperative pain, treatment time and analgesic intake after single visit endodontic treatment of mandibular molars using XP-endo Shaper, 2Shape and ProTaper Gold rotary systems. 150 patients with irreversible pulpitis were scheduled for single visit root canal treatment. Teeth were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: ProTaper Gold (PTG; Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Johnson City, TN), 2Shape (2S; Micro-Mega, Besancon, Cedex, France) and XP-endo Shaper (XPES; FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland). Preoperative and postoperative pain was rated by the patients at the beginning of treatment and after 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days on Heft Parker's visual analog scale (HP-VAS). Highest mean postoperative pain score was recorded in PTG (P<0.05), followed by 2S and XPES respectively at all time intervals. XPES exhibited maximum reduction from preoperative pain at 24 (48.67%) and 48 hours (96.90 %) with no pain at 72 hours. Treatment time was significantly least in XPES (P<0.05) followed by 2S and PTG; but no significant difference in analgesic intake was noted. XPES exhibited least postoperative pain at all time intervals and treatment time, followed by 2S and PTG rotary systems respectively. (EEJ-2022-04-053).

EFFECT OF OCCLUSAL REDUCTION ON POSTOPERATIVE PAIN IN MULTIPLE VISIT ROOT CANAL TREATMENT

The study aimed to assess occlusal reduction's effect on postoperative pain in multiple-visit root canal treatment. This randomized control trial was conducted at the Operative Dentistry &amp; Endodontics Department, Baqai Dental College Karachi, from January 2021 to January 2022. A total of 110 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The patient was divided into two groups, Group A, occlusal reduction (OR) and Group B, no occlusal reduction (NOR). In group A, all occlusal contacts on the functional and non-functional cuspsand the marginal ridges were reduced by 1 mm by a diamond bur in a high-speed handpiece and confirmed with articulating paper. No occlusal reduction was performed in group B patients. Patients were recalled after 24 hours and 7 days, and their pain level was recorded on VAS; at the same appointment, the root canal was completed, and the tooth was restored permanently. Pain level on the 7th day was taken as the study's primary endpoint. The meanage of patients was 37.41±10.635, with a minimum age of 19 and a maximum of 59 years old. Female patients were 56% and 44%, male. There were two study groups' OR 50% and NOR 50%. The tooth type included were 40% anterior and 60% posterior. Group A patients had reduced pain levels after 24 hours, with a significant difference of P=0.014 compared to group B patients. After 7 days of treatment, no significant difference was found in postoperative pain between both groups with P=0.533. Thus, it can be concluded from the study that the occlusive reduction may not be effective in reducing pain at the 7th postoperative days of multiple visit root canal treatment. Although a significant difference in pain levels was identified after 24 hours of therapy, patients in the occlusion reduction group reported less discomfort than those in the control group.

Single visit root canal treatment with post crown restoration

Background: Single visit endodontics has been shown to be an effective treatment modality when compared with multiple visit therapy and it does not deviate from achieving the objectives of proper biomechanical preparation, debridement, shaping, disinfection and 3 dimensional obturation of root canal system and is more beneficial to the patient and dentist provided there is careful case selection and strict follow of standard endodontic protocols. Symptomatic teeth can also be managed by single visit after controlling the abscess infection with antibiotic, provided the root canal is dry without any discharge.Purpose: This study aims to perform single visit root canals on teeth with irreversible pulpitis and restoration with post core and crown. Case(s): A 48-years-old female comes with dental complaints of upper left rear spontaneous pain at night. The tooth has had cavities since about two years ago and has never been previously treated. The patient said had not any systematic health disorder. There is a spontaneous pain that the patient feels. Case Management: From the examination that has been carried out, a clinical diagnosis of tooth 25 were symptomatic pulpitis irreversible with normal apical tissue. The restoration endodontic treatment plan was a single visit endodontic and the restoration is post core and crown. Conclusion: Symptomatic pulpitis irreversible with normal apical tissue treatment can be carried out single visit root canal treatment. Restoration of post endodontic treatment in this case need fiber post and core using composite and finally restoration using crown that made of zirconia. Zirconia has a higher level of material resistance than lithium disilicate. This is what makes zirconia the choice, especially for posterior teeth.

Evaluation of Postoperative Pain Following Sonic and Ultrasonic Root Canal Irrigation Activation Protocols in Patients with Non-vital Teeth Associated with Apical Periodontitis (Randomized Clinical Trial

Aim: Evaluate the degree of postoperative pain in patients with necrotic teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis in mandibular first molar teeth at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs time interval after using different irrigation activation techniques in single-visit endodontic treatment. Material and Methods: Seventy-eight patients diagnosed with necrotic mandibular first molar with symptomatic apical periodontitis were randomly allocated into 1 of 3 separate groups (n=26); Navitip group (control), EndoUltra group, or Eddy group. After a single visit root canal treatment and a specific method of agitation, depending on each group, the patients were given a questionnaire on which the patient would mark the degree of pain in a scale from 0 to 10 at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days post-obturation. Data were statistically analyzed with a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: EndoUltra ultrasonic agitation and Eddy sonic agitation as a final irrigation protocol showed significantly lower pain values than the control group, but there was no significant difference in pain values between the experimental groups. Conclusion: There was significantly less pain associated with EndoUltra ultrasonic and Eddy sonic agitation compared to Navitip irrigation

A Study to Assess Perception of Dentist Regarding Single-Visit Root Canal Treatment at Dental Clinics In India

Introduction: Single-visit root canal treatment attempts instrumentation, disinfection and obturation of the root canal system in one visit. One of the main debates that have occurred in Endodontics is about the amount of sessions required to complete Root canal treatment. There are very different philosophies regarding this matter. Objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the General Dentists point of view regarding single visit root canal treatment, identifying the basis on which the choice is made and how the information necessary for the choice is acquired. Material and methods: 100 registered Dentists in the dental practice were contacted, and if they agreed to participate, they were send a questionnaire. The following topics were addressed: demographics, current clinical procedures, treatment rationales and preferences. Results: Majority 60 % of the dental practitioners responded vitality of pulp was the reason for choosing the single-visit RCT followed by patient’s choice 22%, patent and normal roots 11 %, non-vital tooth with sinus 5 % and other reasons 2 % respectively Conclusion: It can be concluded that when pulp vitality is not compromised there is an increase in the number of dentists who choose single visit root canal treatment.

Comparison of Post-Operative Pain Frequency After Single visit and Multiple visit Root Canal Treatment in Non-Vital Teeth

OBJECTIVES: Root canal treatment (RCT) is performed to get rid of pain resulting from the infection in the tooth. It is a safe procedure with high success rate. One of the main issues with root canal treatment is post-operative pain. There are many factors which can cause pain and distress to patients. If the clinician follows the guidelines properly and use the anxiety reduction protocol, then the procedure is not painful. RCT can be performed in multiple visits or it can be done in single visit. Present research was conducted to compare the single visit versus multiple visits endodontic treatment in teeth with pulpal necrosis in terms of post-operative pain frequency. METHODOLOGY: This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted at Department of Operative Dentistry, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, over a period of six months. Total number of participants was 302 and the teeth were lower and upper first and second molars with pulp necrosis and they were were equally assigned in two groups of 151with equal number of men and women. Single visit RCT was done in Group A patients, in which the endodontic procedure was performed in one day and multiple visit RCT was done in Group B, in which endodontic treatment was done in two or more visits. RESULTS: In necrosed teeth single visit endodontic treatment 20.5(%) resulted in less frequent post-operative pain than in multiple visit endodontic treatment (26.5%). CONCLUSION: Single visit endodontic treatment is a better technique in terms of pain control as compared to multiple visit in teeth with pulp necrosis. KEYWORDS: Endodontics, Non-vital teeth, Post-operative pain, single visit root canal treatment, multiple visit root canal treatment.