Visfatin Levels Research Articles

Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary visfatin and serum lipid levels in obese patients with chronic periodontitis

Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary visfatin and serum lipid levels in obese patients with chronic periodontitis

Visfatin and VEGF levels are not increased in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome

IntroductionPCOS is one of the most commonly occurring endocrinopathies among women and increasingly affects adolescent populations. The connection between PCOS and various endocrinological, psychological, and CVD is increasingly recognized. Some studies have shown elevated levels of visfatin and VEGF among patients with PCOS, which are markers of vascular endothelial dysfunction. In our study, we evaluated the concentration of these parameters, focusing solely on a group of adolescents with PCOS, to assess whether these early markers of CVD are present at an early stage of diagnosis.Material and methodsIn total, 80 adolescent girls participated in the study. 47 adolescents diagnosed with PCOS were included in the study group (mean age 15.68 ± 1.18 years, BMI 26.66 ± 6.41 kg/m2), while the remaining 33 regularly menstruating individuals (mean age 15.79 ± 1.22 years, BMI 25.44 ± 7.24 kg/m2) were assigned to the control group. Each participant underwent imaging, biochemical, and hormonal tests. Additionally, markers of endothelial dysfunction: VEGF and visfatin, were measured in all adolescents.ResultsBoth VEGF and visfatin levels did not differ significantly between PCOS and control group (p=0.30 and p=0.15, respectively). In the group of adolescent girls with PCOS, visfatin was significantly correlated with HDL, FSH, cortisol, and testosterone levels >55 ng/dl. VEGF was significantly correlated with fasting glucose, glucose levels after OGTT, estradiol, and waist circumference >80 cm.ConclusionIt can be indirectly inferred that both visfatin and VEGF should not be used as early markers for cardiometabolic complications among adolescent patients with PCOS. On the other hand, low visfatin levels, through their negative correlation with HDL, may have a protective effect on cardiovascular complications, while low VEGF levels, through their positive correlation with glucose levels, may have a protective influence on carbohydrate metabolism disorders.

Effect of Different Rates of Rambutan Peel Extract on Visfatin and Cardiac Troponin I Response in Type 2 Diabetic Rats Induced with Streptozotocin

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of STZ (Streptozotocin) and Rambutan peel extract (RPE) on serum visfatin and cardiac response in experimental Type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: In this study, 64 adult male Wistar albino rats, aged between 8-10 weeks, were used. 8 groups were randomly selected, each containing 8 rats as Control (C), R100 (RPE 100 mg/kg group given with oral gavage route of administration (OGRA), R200 (RPE 200 mg/kg group given with OGRA), R300 (RPE 300 mg/kg group given with OGRA); Diabetes Control (DC): STZ 50 mg/kg i.p administered group, DR100 (D+100 mg/kg JPE), DR200 (D+200 mg/kg JPE), DR300 (D+300 mg/kg JPE). The study lasted a total of 31 days, including adaptation (7 days), induction of diabetes (3 days), and trial period (21 days). Blood samples were taken from the tail vein (vena caudalis) of all subjects on days 0 and 21 of the study. Visfatin and cTnI levels in the serum samples were measured and evaluated by ELISA method. Result: While the increase in mean serum visfatin and cTnI levels in diabetic groups was seen mostly in DC groups, the most significant decrease in mean serum visfatin level due to the addition of RPE was determined in DR100 groups (p less than 0.01).As a result, it was concluded that the administration of 100 mg/kg RPE in rats had no adverse effects. It was concluded that RPE, which has a cardioprotective effect by regulating the visfatin response that plays a role in the development of diabetes, may be useful in supporting the impaired cardiovascular system function that occurs in diabetes.

Evaluation of seminal plasma levels of vaspin and visfatin in infertile males with elevated sperm DNA fragmentation index: a comparative study

BackgroundSperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) can significantly impact male fertility, especially in cases where there is a substantial level of DNA damage. We aimed in the current study to assess seminal plasma (SP) levels of vaspin and visfatin in infertile men with an elevated SDF index (SDFI ≥ 30%) compared to infertile males with a normal SDFI (SDFI < 30%).ResultsGroups with good and medium DNA integrity exhibited significantly higher total motile sperm count and sperm motility in comparison to the group with poor DNA integrity. Significant negative correlations were noticed between SDF index (SDFI) and numerous semen parameters. Similarly, a significant negative correlation was observed between SDFI and SP vaspin. On the other hand, a significant positive correlation was found between SDFI and abnormal forms percentage. A statistically significant negative correlation was identified SP vaspin with age (r = -0.305, P = 0.006) and infertility duration (r = -0.263, P = 0.019). Statistically significant negative correlation was also identified between SP visfatin and abnormal forms percentage (r = -0.239, P = 0.034). The receiver operating characterisitic curve for predicting poor DNA integrity (SDFI ≥ 30%) revealed fair discriminative power for SP vaspin, with a cutoff value of < 0.55 ng/ml. It demonstrated a sensitivity of 58.8% and a specificity of 64.5% (area under the cureve (AUC) 0.685, p = 0.008). Meanwhile, SP visfatin had little discriminative power (AUC 0.562, p = 0.408). Finally, the results of a linear regression analysis indicated that sperm motility and SP vaspin were significant independent predictors of poor DNA integrity (SDFI ≥ 30%). The analysis was done with a 95% confidence interval and showed upper and lower bounds of -0.302 and -0.623, and -1.362 and -16.101, p < 0.001, p = 0.021, respectively.ConclusionSP Level of vaspin had shown promise as potential biomarkers for sperm DNA integrity. However, vaspin appeared to have greater specificity than visfatin in this point. Future studies are required to validate these findings, evaluate the role of SP vaspin in maintaining sperm DNA integrity, and investigate the potential relationship between SP adipocytokines and other clinical-demographic variables.

Investigation on the Association of Maternal Serum Visfatin Concentration with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication that can have adverse effects on both the mother and the child. Visfatin, an adipokine, has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of GDM. Still, the association between maternal serum visfatin concentration and GDM remains unclear, particularly in the Bangladeshi female population. This study investigated the association between maternal serum visfatin concentration and GDM in the Bangladeshi female population. Methods: A total of 69 patients participated in this study, including 34 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM, cases) and 35 patients without GDM (non-GDM, controls). Maternal age, gravida, pre-pregnancy BMI, family history of diabetes, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile were assessed. Serum visfatin concentrations were measured and compared between the two groups. Results: The GDM group had significantly lower serum visfatin concentrations compared to the non-GDM group (0.72±0.38 ng/ml vs 1.12±0.7 ng/ml, p&lt;0.001). The Mean±SD of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR were 5.83±0.61, 15.77±3.95, and 4.07±1.09 respectively which were significantly higher in the GDM group. In the serum lipid profile study, the Mean±SD value of TG and HDL (3.05±0.82 and 1.63±0.32) in the GDM group were also significantly higher than that of the non-GDM group (2.45±0.88 and 1.49±0.36) (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that lower maternal serum visfatin concentrations are associated with GDM and visfatin levels are inversely related to insulin resistance in women with GDM. Consequently, a potential role of visfatin in the pathogenesis and management of GDM is associated with the Bangladeshi population and thus visfatin may represent a novel diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for GDM. Therefore, further research will be valuable to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore the clinical implications of these associations.

Comparison of Serum Nesfatin-1 and Visfatin Levels Between Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Healthy Controls

Even though elevated nesfatin-1 levels were reported in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) previously, the possible role of body mass index (BMI) was not excluded. The aim of the present study was to compare serum nesfatin-1 and visfatin levels between patients with RA and healthy controls who have normal BMI values (18.50.05). It seems that nesfatin-1 levels are significantly higher in RA patients compared to healthy peers. However, nesfatin-1 levels were not found related to disease activity.

The effect of hydrophilic statins on adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, and vaspin levels in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats.

Statins may affect glucose metabolism through adipokines. The aim of this study was to measure the effects of hydrophilic statins on the levels of several adipokines in diabetic rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: healthy control, untreated diabetic, diabetic treated with pravastatin, and diabetic treated with rosuvastatin. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Thereafter, 20 mg/kg/day doses of either pravastatin or rosuvastatin were administered to the treated diabetic rats for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the body weights, fasting blood glucose levels, serum insulin levels, and insulin resistance, as well as the serum adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, and vaspin levels, were measured. Fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance levels were significantly higher, whereas insulin levels and body weight were significantly lower in the untreated diabetic group than in the control group. Diabetes caused significant decreases in adiponectin, leptin, and vaspin levels but a significant increase in visfatin levels. Pravastatin treatment significantly increased body weight and decreased fasting blood glucose levels, whereas rosuvastatin decreased body weight but did not affect fasting blood glucose levels. Pravastatin caused significant increases in both adiponectin and vaspin levels. However, rosuvastatin did not affect the adiponectin level but caused a significant decrease in the vaspin levels. Both pravastatin and rosuvastatin treatments decreased the leptin and visfatin levels. In conclusion, pravastatin is more effective at improving fasting blood glucose levels and body weight in diabetic rats, probably by increasing adiponectin and vaspin levels.

The Role of Adipokines between Genders in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive, degenerative joint disease characterized by joint pain, stiffness, and limited movement. It presents significant intra- and inter-individual variability—in particular, between genders. Recent research has increasingly focused on the role of adipokines—especially leptin, adiponectin, and resistin—in the development of OA. Adipokines, peptide hormones primarily secreted by adipose tissue, are involved in crucial physiological processes related to metabolism and immunity. They can also impact bone and cartilage turnover by interacting with joint cells such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells, thereby linking inflammation with bone cartilage homeostasis. This review aims to elucidate the structure and functions of various adipokines, their serum and synovial levels, and their association with clinical presentation and radiographic progression in OA patients, with a focus on differences between sexes. A narrative literature review was conducted using three databases specifically analyzing sex differences. OA patients generally show elevated serum and synovial levels of leptin, chemerin, and visfatin, as well as high plasma levels of resistin and visfatin. In contrast, synovial levels of adiponectin and omentin are reduced in OA patients compared to healthy individuals, with an inverse relationship to disease severity, suggesting a potential protective role. Resistin and leptin were positively correlated with pain severity and radiographic progression, while adiponectin’s role in OA remains controversial. Regarding sex differences, male OA patients exhibited higher serum levels of leptin, chemerin, and omentin compared to healthy controls, with a positive correlation to the BMI and estrogen levels, potentially explaining the sexual dimorphism observed in this condition. Studies on visfatin and lipocalin did not reveal significant differences in synovial or serum levels between the sexes. The role of resistin remains controversial. Adipokines influence the joint microenvironment and contribute to the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the precise biological mechanisms are not yet fully understood due to the complex interactions between the metabolic, mechanical, and immune systems. Further research is needed to clarify their roles in OA and to identify targeted therapies for managing this degenerative disease.

Comparative evaluation of serum apelin, visfatin, and lipid levels in overweight hypertensive patients on enalapril versus telmisartan therapy

Objectives. Visfatin and apelin are two adipokines that recently gained a special interest in hypertension research as they may have a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and are closely related to the renin-angiotensin system. This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of apelin and visfatin in uncontrolled newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, controlled hypertensive patients managed by enalapril and controlled hypertensive patients managed by telmisartan. Patients and methods. The study population included 126 participants, who were divided into four groups established as healthy participants, newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, hypertensive patients managed by enalapril and hypertensive patients managed by telmisartan. Outcomes. Serum apelin levels reduced significantly in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, with a significant increase in visfatin levels compared with control group. Enalapril-treated patients expressed significantly higher apelin levels with a significant reduction in visfatin levels compared with newly diagnosed. Apelin levels were significantly increased in enalapril-treated patients compared telmisartan-treated group. Additionally, a significant reduction in visfatin levels were found in telmisartan group compared with newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between HDL and visfatin in patients receiving treatment. Additionally, visfatin was negatively correlated with triglycerides and VLDL in the same patient group. Conclusions. In light of the data collected so far, whether visfatin and apelin play roles in the pathophysiology of hypertension remains unclear and further research is still required to fully understand its relevance. Nevertheless, high visfatin and low apelin levels appear to be intrinsic characteristics of uncontrolled hypertension, indicating that these adipokines could be potential biomarkers for this disease.

Visfatin (NAMPT) expression in human placenta cells in normal and pathological conditions and its hormonal regulation in trophoblast JEG-3 cells.

Visfatin is an adipokine involved in energy metabolism, insulin resistance, inflammation, and female reproduction. Due to limited data about its action in the human placenta, the aims of our studies included the analysis of visfatin expression and immunolocalization in trophoblast cell lines JEG-3 and BeWo as well as in human placentas from normal and pathological pregnancies. Moreover, we also checked the hormonal regulation of visfatin levels and the molecular mechanism of observed changes in JEG-3 cells. Cell culture and placental fragments collection along with statistical analysis were performed using standard laboratory procedures also described in our previous papers. We demonstrated an increased gene and protein expression of visfatin in JEG-3, BeWo cells, while variable expression in maternal and fetal parts of normal/ pathological pregnancy placentas. In addition, the immunolocalization of visfatin was observed in the cytoplasm of both cell lines, the capillary epithelium of the maternal part and syncytiotrophoblasts of the placental fetal part; in all tested pathologies, the signal was also detected in decidual cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hormones: progesterone, estradiol, human chorionic gonadotropin, and insulin increased the visfatin levels in JEG-3 cells with the involvement of specific signaling pathways. Taken together, differences in the expression and localization of visfatin between normal and pathological placentas suggested that visfatin may be a potential marker for the diagnosis of pregnancy disorders. In addition, we found that placental levels of visfatin can be regulated by hormones known to modulate the function of placental cells.

Association of circulating visfatin level and metabolic fatty liver disease: An updated meta-analysis and systematic review.

The rate of incidence of metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has rapidly increased globally in recent years, but early diagnosis is still a challenge. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to identify visfatin for early diagnosis of MAFLD. We strictly adhered to the relevant requirements of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The systematic search was conducted in 7 sources (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, and ClinicalTrials.gov) until February 2024. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12. Outcomes were expressed in the form of standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval and were analyzed using meta-analysis. The results showed that there was no significant difference in circulating visfatin levels between patients with MAFLD and controls (SMD = 0.13 [-0.34, 0.60]). However, the outcomes indicated that the level of circulating visfatin was significantly higher in MAFLD patients in the Middle Eastern subgroup (SMD = 0.45 [0.05, 0.85]) and in the obese patient subgroup (SMD = 1.05 [0.18, 1.92]). No publication bias was detected, and sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the outcomes. The serum visfatin levels of MAFLD patients did not differ significantly from those of controls. However, visfatin concentrations in serum were statistically higher within Middle Eastern or obese MAFLD patients compared to controls. There is a need for further research to investigate visfatin's potential as a biomarker for MAFLD.

Comparative Effects of Candesartan Versus Enalapril on Apelin, Visfatin, and Lipid Levels in Non-obese Hypertensive Patients.

Apelin and visfatin are adipokines secreted from adipose tissue that play important roles in regulating blood pressure. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of candesartan versus enalapril on apelin, visfatin, and lipid profiles in hypertensive patients. In this case-control study, 120 participants were enrolled in four groups; Healthy people, newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, and enalapril- and candesartan-treated patients. Serum apelin levels were significantly lower and visfatin levels were significantly higher in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients compared with the control group (p=0.0015, p=0.0175 respectively). Moreover, apelin levels were higher and visfatin levels were lower in the candesartan-treated patients compared with the newly diagnosed group (p=0.0487, p<0.0001 respectively). Interestingly, apelin levels were non-significantly higher and visfatin levels were significantly lower in enalapril-treated patients compared with the newly diagnosed group (p<0.0001). Lower apelin and higher visfatin levels are associated with newly diagnosed patients with hypertension. Interestingly, the findings suggest that ACE inhibition and angiotensin receptor blockade by enalapril and candesartan, respectively, positively regulate apelin and visfatin levels in hypertension. Specifically, candesartan regulates these adipokine to a greater extent than enalapril.

Changes in Circulating Adipokine Levels in COVID-19 Patients.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant global health challenges. Despite extensive research efforts, the inflammatory response triggered by SARS-CoV-2 remains to be further explored and understood. Our study aims to examine the changes in serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory adipokines-visfatin and leptin-in COVID-19 patients in relation to a healthy control group. Patients/Materials/Subjects and Methods: The study consisted of forty COVID-19 patients and twenty-four healthy patients in the control group. Two serum samples were collected: upon admission and on the seventh day of hospitalization. Concentrations of visfatin and leptin in the serum, alongside routine biochemical parameters, were measured using enzyme immunoassay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess normality. Differences between independent groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Correlations were evaluated with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results: Our findings revealed significantly lower visfatin levels in COVID-19 patients compared to the control group upon admission (4.29 ng/mL, (3.0-6.88 ng/mL) vs. 37.16 ng/mL (24.74-50.12 ng/mL), p < 0.001 for visfatin 1 and 52.05 ng/mL, (31.2-69.66 ng/mL) vs. 37.16 ng/mL (24.74-50.12 ng/mL), p = 0.048 for visfatin 2). The visfatin level of COVID-19 patients returned to the normal levels, established in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in leptin levels between the two groups (p = 0.270 for leptin 1 and p = 0.129 for leptin 2). There was a positive correlation between BMI and leptin concentration (r = 0.66 and p = 0.00). Moreover, it was discovered that COVID-19 independently reduces visfatin levels during the first day of illness. Conclusions: The results of our research suggest that the onset of COVID-19 infection is correlated to visfatin levels. Association with leptin levels remains inconclusive. Further research is imperative to elucidate the intricate role of visfatin and leptin in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their potential as biomarkers for COVID-19 severity and prognosis.

Biochemical study of the effect of lead exposure in nonobese gasoline station workers and risk of hyperglycemia: A retrospective case-control study.

Evaluate the relationship between blood lead (Pb) levels and other biomedical markers and the risk of diabetes in gasoline station workers. The participants were separated into 2 groups: group A consisted of 26 workers from gasoline filling stations, while group B comprised 26 healthy individuals. Serum levels of malondialdehyde, IL-1β, visfatin, insulin, fasting blood sugar, and vitamin D were assessed. Mean Pb level was significantly higher in group A compared to group B (almost 2.9 times higher levels) (14.43 ± 1.01 vs 5.01 ± 1.41, µg/dL). The levels of visfatin (23.19 ± 0.96 vs 3.88 ± 0.58, ng/mL), insulin (22.14 ± 1.31 vs 11.26 ± 0.75, mU/L), fasting blood sugar (118.4 ± 26.1 vs 82.7 ± 9.2, gm/dL), malondialdehyde (6.40 ± 0.27 vs 1.62 ± 0.21, nmol/mL), and IL-1β (330.25 ± 10.34 vs 12.35 ± 1.43, pg/mL) were significantly higher in group A, meanwhile; vitamin D (11.99 ± 1.55 vs 35.41 ± 3.16, ng/mL) were significantly lower in group A. A positive association exists between blood Pb levels and increased inflammatory markers. Lead exposure increases serum insulin and fasting blood sugar, which suggests that it is diabetogenic and that increased inflammation is a possible cause.

Effect of nano-curcumin supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, physical and psychological quality of life, and depression in patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

BackgroundExtensive evidence has suggested the cardio-protective properties of the polyphenol curcumin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a highly bioavailable curcumin supplement on cardiometabolic risk factors, health-related quality of life, and depression in patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP).MethodsThis randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 42 patients with CSFP (age 35–70 years, 25 ≤ body mass index < 40 kg/m2). Patients received either 80 mg/day nano-curcumin or placebo for 12 weeks. Serum levels of visfatin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and glycemic indices were measured before and after the intervention. The short form 36-item quality of life (SF-36) and Beck’s Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) questionnaires were assessed, as well.ResultsNo significant improvements were observed in circulating hs-CRP and visfatin following the intervention. A significant increase was observed in pre- to post-fasting blood glucose (− 0.9 ± 12.2 vs. 7.7 ± 12.4 mg/dl, p = 0.02) and hemoglobin A1C (− 0.1 ± 0.8 vs. 0.5 ± 0.8%, p = 0.04) levels, in the placebo compared with the intervention group. Physical (8.2 ± 8.1 vs. − 1.2 ± 6.5, p < 0.001) and mental (6.8 ± 11.8 vs. − 1.1 ± 10.4, p = 0.02) component summary scores were significantly improved in the nano-curcumin than the placebo group. Additionally, the number of patients with lower degrees of depression was significantly better in the intervention than the placebo group following the supplementation (p = 0.046).ConclusionCurcumin supplementation prevented deterioration of glycemic control and improved physical and psychological quality of life and depression in patients with CSFP.Trial registrationIranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20131125015536N8), June 19, 2019.

Adiponectin and visfatin as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women

Abstract Background Adiponectin and visfatin are involved in many changes associated with obesity and metabolic disorders so may be related to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. During the perimenopausal period, the risk of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases increases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cardiometabolic parameters and circulating levels of visfatin and adiponectin in perimenopausal women with regard to their obesity status. Material and methods This survey-based study was conducted among 168 perimenopausal women. It involved the use of questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure measurements, and venous blood collection. Results Our study found that visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) were negatively correlated with adiponectin levels. Preliminary multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between circulating visfatin and IL-6 levels. Adiponectin was negatively correlated with HbA1C, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and triglycerides. Furthermore, circulating adiponectin was positively correlated with HDL, and negatively with HOMA-IR. Conclusions In the women studied, some adipokines may have played a significant role in the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiometabolic diseases.

The Association between Visfatin as A Marker of Isolated Coronary Ectasia and Its Severity: A Cross-Sectional study

Abstract Aim and objectives to assess the association between Visfatin level-as an independent marker -and the presence of coronary artery ectasia in patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. Patients and Methods A total of 90 participants were recruited from candidates undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography in the Cath lab of Cardiology Department at Ain Shams University. They were then divided into three groups. The first group included individuals with normal coronaries, the second patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) without ectasia, and the third is patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia (CAE). After history taking, they all underwent biochemical tests for serum Visfatin, HBA1C%, serum creatinine and CRP. Univariate and correlation analysis was done. Results regarding demographic and clinical characteristics of our study population, we found that only higher age and being a smoker was significantly associated with the presence of ectasia. High level of serum Visfatin was strongly significantly associated with the presence of ectasia. Serum creatinine and CRP displayed a similar pattern. Moreover, we found that the mean level of serum Visfatin increases with the severity of ectasia according to Markis classification. Finally, Roc showed that a cut- off value of &amp;gt; 34 ng/ml demonstrated a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 87% of predicting CAE. Conclusion high serum Visfatin level is significantly associated with the presence of coronary artery ectasia. Also, it is positively correlated with its severity according to Markis classification. Hence, it can be a valuable predictor of CAE.

Evaluation of Serum Visfatin and Chemerin Levels in Diabetes Patients in Mosul City

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health concern worldwide. Although there are many possible causes of diabetes, the three most prevalent ones are insulin resistance, pancreatic cell damage, and insulin insufficiency. Visfatin, an adipocytokine with insulin-mimicking characteristics, and chemerin, an adipokine responsible for maintaining normal cholesterol and glucose levels, are linked to inflammation and immunological dysfunction in metabolic illnesses. Hence, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the adipokines visfatin and chemerin. Methods and Results: This study was conducted at the Al-Salam Teaching Hospital in Mosul from December 1, 2022, to the end of June 2023. The study included 65 patients of both sexes with T2DM aged between 35 and 80. Twenty-five healthy individuals of both sexes were chosen for a control group. Visfatin and chemerin levels in the serum were measured using an ELISA kit (Koma biotech, ELISA, USA) per the manufacturer's instructions. The levels of visfatin and chemerin in T2DM patients were significantly higher than in controls (1.478±0.631ng/ml and 158.768±36.941pg/ml vs. 0.538±0.151ng/ml and 71.272±12.994pg/ml, respectively, P=0.000 in both cases). The study showed no significant difference in the levels of chemerin and visfatin between females and males in T2DM patients. Among men, the visfatin levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with diabetic retinopathy than in T2DM patients with such complications as cardiovascular disease and diabetic nephropathy. These features also occurred among women. Men and women with T2DM did not differ in the chemerin levels, depending on the nature of the diabetes complication. Conclusion: T2DM patients are characterized by significantly higher visfatin and chemerin levels than healthy controls. No differences in the levels of these adipokines that depend on the gender of diabetic patients have been found.

Serum Visfatin Level in Psoriasis Patients: A Case-Control Study

Background Adipokines play imperative roles in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Among the adipokines, visfatin is attracting more attention in the clinical setting of dermatology. Objective The study aims to evaluate the serum visfatin level in psoriasis patients compared to the non-psoriasis individuals. Material and Methods This case-control study involved 40 psoriasis patients and 40 non-psoriasis individuals from January to October, 2023, at the Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) Hospital of Dermato-Venereology. The diagnosis of psoriasis was based on clinical signs and symptoms. Visfatin level was spectrophotometrically measured using an Enzym-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Afterward, data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Results We recorded a significantly higher visfatin level in the psoriasis group than the controls (49.8 ± 26.04 versus 13.07 ±12.44, p-value &lt;0.001). The cut-off threshold of visfatin level to differentiate psoriasis from non-psoriasis was 21.7 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 85% (AUC = 0.929). We also found a positive correlation between visfatin level and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score (r = 0.704; p &lt;0.001). Conclusion Our study indicated the link between serum level of visfatin and psoriasis. Visfatin is a potential biomarker in diagnosing psoriasis and classifying the disease’s severity. In further cohort studies and clinical trials, the adipokine can be validated for its use in psoriasis.

Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Periodontitis: A Clinical and Biochemical Analysis.

Introduction Obesity is the excessive deposition of body fat in relation to lean body mass. In this research, its relation to periodontitis has been analysed using clinical and biochemical parameters. The current study assessed the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and periodontitis using salivary visfatin levels. Materials and methods Sixty participants (33 males and 27 females) were categorised into three different groups according to BMI: group 1: normal weight (n=20); group 2: overweight (n=20); and group 3: obese (n=20). Clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. Salivary samples were collected and assessed for salivary visfatin levels with the aid of a human visfatin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The results were assessed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0 (Released 2015; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results The PPD, CAL, and salivary visfatin levels were higher in group 3, followed by groups 2 and 1, and were statistically significant (p=0.000). The correlation between visfatin and PPD (r=0.962) and visfatin and CAL (r=0.978) was strongly positive and statistically significant. Conclusion This study demonstrates a strong positive correlation between BMI and periodontitis. Moreover, salivary visfatin can be considered a diagnostic marker for periodontal diseases.