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Tourism Degrowth: Painful but Necessary

Despite the well-known adverse effects of economic growth, the core strategic goal of a high proportion of destination managers globally continues to be the pursuit of tourism growth. Proponents of the dominant ‘growth management’ view claim that tourism’s adverse environmental effects can be solved by ongoing ‘decoupling’ of economic growth from resource use through more efficient management of tourism development, supported by improvements in technology. In contrast, ‘heterodox’ approaches, sceptical of the ability of technological change to restrict growth-induced environmental and social degradation, reject the mainstream growth ethic and its action agenda. Arguing that faith in decoupling is a fragile basis for the growth management approach, this paper argues the merits of an alternative ‘degrowth’ approach to tourism planning and management. The paper articulates the nature of ‘degrowth’, the types of policies that can support a degrowth strategy, and the challenges involved in applying a degrowth approach to the tourism industry. It is concluded that, while tourism degrowth is necessary, the approach faces formidable challenges that must be overcome if resident wellbeing is to be maintained or enhanced through tourism development over the longer term. A research agenda is identified, addressing the nature of tourism, the consumption problem, localism and downsizing, effects on resident wellbeing, business degrowth, choice of policy mix, and types of institutional change required to support tourism degrowth.

Stigma, Stereotype, and Self‐Presentation

ABSTRACTHow should we interpret the popular objection that stigmatised subjects are not treated as individuals? The Eidelson View claims that stigma, because of its connection to stereotypes, violates an instance of the general requirement to respect autonomy. The Self‐Presentation View claims that stigma inhibits the functioning of certain morally important capacities, notably the capacity for self‐presentation. I argue that even if we are right to think that stigma violates a requirement to respect autonomy, this is insufficient to account for the full weight of the charge that stigmatised subjects are not treated as individuals. We need the Self‐Presentation View to explain a special threat to agency. I then address the worry that focusing on a concern with being treated as individuals opens the door to the suggestion that treating as superior can be just as morally troubling as stigma. This objection is fatal for the Eidelson View. But the Self‐Presentation View has a number of resources for deflating the worry. We should not exclude the possibility of a moral symmetry between some cases of stigma and some cases of treating as superior. Rather, we should provide a nuanced account of the circumstances in which either phenomenon is detrimental for self‐presentation.

Wars of Recovery

Abstract Aggressor state A occupies territory belonging to victim state V. After decades, V decides to go to war to recover its territory, although hostilities have long subsided. Are such ‘wars of recovery’ lawful under international law? Should they be? Recent conflicts have generated a heated scholarly debate on this question, which has ended in stark disagreement. A permissive approach argues that wars of recovery are lawful instances of self-defence, while a restrictive view claims that situations of prolonged occupation are territorial disputes that should be settled peacefully. This article uncovers the theoretical premises that underlie both approaches. As it shows, the dilemma reflects a larger tension within the contemporary international law on the use of force – mainly, between its traditional focus on state rights such as territory and sovereignty and a competing view that seeks to place individual rights at the core of the legal regime. As the article shows, deciding on the question of wars of recovery requires making commitments in four normative spheres: instrumentally, it requires considering questions of international stability, and, non-instrumentally, it requires considering questions of justice as well as possible justifications for killing and sacrifice. These considerations, however, result in instability owing, among other factors, to the fluctuating effects of the passage of time, which follow our normative assumptions about the legal order. Ultimately, the article suggests that those engaging in debate on wars of recovery make explicit their normative assumptions on the ends of jus ad bellum and that, in any case, even if wars of recovery would be deemed legal, they would still remain heavily contestable owing to strong competing reasons against them.

HSD61 Patient Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes Among Early Tezepelumab Users: An Early View Claims Data Study

There are limited real-world data describing the patient characteristics and treatment patterns of initial recipients of tezepelumab, which was approved by the FDA in December 2021. This study aims to assess pre-utilization patient characteristics and asthma treatments among these patients.

Two levels of basic nursing education in Croatia

Introduction: There is a worldwide debate on the level at which the basic education of nurses should be organized. If it is at the baccalaureate level, as one view claims, it is doubtful who will perform the basic nursing care. This doubt also directed the reform of nursing education in the Republic of Croatia. The process itself was accompanied by a desire to preserve the existing rights of all nurses, and to ensure that all nursing interventions are carried out by licensed nurses. This paper aims to describe the process of adapting nursing education before Croatia acceded to the European Union. Also, the aim is to determine the differences between vocational and baccalaureate curriculum. Methods: The literature on nursing education was reviewed. Articles and documents about Union accession were studied. Nursing curricula were analysed. Results: In the Republic of Croatia, there are two levels of basic education. Both programs are in line with the European Union Directive. The Nursing Act separates these two levels with different competencies. The education reform respected the rights of nurses who were employed at the moment of joining. The education reform has ensured the implementation of nursing care by licensed nurses in all segments of the nursing process. Conclusion: Two levels of education ensured the development of nursing and the possibility of further education for nurses. The monopoly over all basic nursing skills is preserved.

Psychedelic replications in virtual reality and their potential as a therapeutic instrument: An open-label feasibility study.

Recent research has shown promising results for the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics. One popular view claims that these benefits are mediated by the subjective experiences induced by these substances. Based on this, we designed a virtual reality experience, Psyrreal, that mimics the phenomenological components of psychedelic experiences. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Psyrreal and psychedelic VR experiences in treating depressive symptoms as well as explore the effect of Psyrreal on subjective factors which have been suggested to mediate the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics. In this open-label feasibility study, thirteen participants with mild-to-moderate depression underwent a 2-day therapeutic intervention implementing Psyrreal. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Emotional State Questionnaire (EST-Q2) at the start of the intervention and 2 weeks after. A thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews after Psyrreal was also conducted as an additional assessment of the method. A 2-day intervention implementing Psyrreal led to significant decreases in depressive symptoms at the 2-week follow-up (n = 10, p = 0.007, Hedges' g = 1.046) measured by the Emotional State Questionnaire (EST-Q2). The analysis of semi-structured interviews suggests that Psyrreal could lead to insight and alterations in the sense of self in some people. This work proposes a novel method using virtual reality to augment the treatment of psychological disorders as well as to precisely investigate the mediating subjective factors of the therapeutic effects of psychedelic substances. Our preliminary results suggest that VR experiences combined with psychological support show potential in treating depressive symptoms and further research into similar methods is warranted.

Daughter ICE

opinion Share on Daughter ICE Author: Snow Yunxue Fu View Profile Authors Info & Claims InteractionsVolume 30Issue 2March - April 2023 pp 60https://doi.org/10.1145/3583761Published:28 February 2023Publication History 0citation1,677DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads1,677Last 12 Months1,677Last 6 weeks1,677 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access

On Honoring Our Volunteers

opinion Share on On Honoring Our Volunteers Author: SIGCHI Executive Committee View Profile Authors Info & Claims InteractionsVolume 30Issue 2March - April 2023 pp 58–59https://doi.org/10.1145/3584698Published:28 February 2023Publication History 0citation61DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads61Last 12 Months61Last 6 weeks61 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access

A Philosopher's Daughter Navigates a Career in AI

editorial Free Access Share on A Philosopher's Daughter Navigates a Career in AI Author: Nuria Oliver View Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 66Issue 3March 2023 pp 13https://doi.org/10.1145/3579857Published:22 February 2023Publication History 0citation3,093DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads3,093Last 12 Months3,093Last 6 weeks3,112 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF

After the Complaint

editorial Free Access Share on After the Complaint: What Should ACM Disclose? Authors: Marty J. Wolf View Profile , Joseph A. Konstan View Profile , Helena Mentis View Profile , Jane Prey View Profile , Harald Störrle View Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 66Issue 3March 2023 pp 6–11https://doi.org/10.1145/3581640Published:22 February 2023Publication History 0citation6,330DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads6,330Last 12 Months6,330Last 6 weeks6,350 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF

Neighborhood Watch

opinion Free Access Share on Neighborhood Watch Author: CACM Staff View Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 66Issue 2February 2023 pp 8–11https://doi.org/10.1145/3576929Published:20 January 2023Publication History 0citation1,482DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads1,482Last 12 Months1,482Last 6 weeks1,482 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF

Living with soft dragons

column Share on Living with soft dragons: between science fiction and human-computer interaction Authors: Jaz Hee-jeong Choi RMIT University RMIT UniversityView Profile , Ted Chiang View Profile Authors Info & Claims InteractionsVolume 29Issue 6November - December 2022 pp 18–20https://doi.org/10.1145/3564017Published:03 November 2022Publication History 0citation91DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads91Last 12 Months91Last 6 weeks91 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access

The road we're on

opinion Share on The road we're on Author: SIGCHI Executive Committee View Profile Authors Info & Claims InteractionsVolume 29Issue 6November - December 2022 pp 78–79https://doi.org/10.1145/3568401Published:03 November 2022Publication History 0citation42DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads42Last 12 Months42Last 6 weeks42 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access

The blood price of unrestricted privacy

opinion Free Access Share on The blood price of unrestricted privacy Author: CACM Staff View Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 65Issue 11November 2022 pp 8–9https://doi.org/10.1145/3563965Published:20 October 2022Publication History 0citation2,270DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads2,270Last 12 Months2,270Last 6 weeks2,198 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF

The many shapes of a computer science career

column Free Access Share on The many shapes of a computer science career Author: Andreea Danielescu View Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 65Issue 11November 2022 pp 7https://doi.org/10.1145/3559771Published:20 October 2022Publication History 0citation4,164DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads4,164Last 12 Months4,164Last 6 weeks4,051 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF

Introduction to the Special Issue on Software Tools for Quantum Computing: Part 1

introduction Share on Introduction to the Special Issue on Software Tools for Quantum Computing: Part 1 Editors: Yuri Alexeev View Profile , Alex McCaskey View Profile , Wibe De Jong View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Transactions on Quantum ComputingVolume 3Issue 3September 2022 Article No.: 11pp 1–3https://doi.org/10.1145/3532179Published:06 September 2022Publication History 0citation46DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads46Last 12 Months46Last 6 weeks13 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access

Toward practical and high-fidelity user digitization in extended reality environments

editorial Free Access Share on Toward practical and high-fidelity user digitization in extended reality environments Author: Karan Ahuja View Profile Authors Info & Claims XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for StudentsVolume 29Issue 1Fall 2022 pp 5–7https://doi.org/10.1145/3558185Published:06 October 2022Publication History 0citation81DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads81Last 12 Months81Last 6 weeks61 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF

Design Beku

opinion Share on Design Beku: glimpses into our situated practice of collective design Author: Naveen Bagalkot View Profile Authors Info & Claims InteractionsVolume 29Issue 5September - October 2022 pp 24–27https://doi.org/10.1145/3557523Published:30 August 2022Publication History 0citation356DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads356Last 12 Months356Last 6 weeks148 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access

Momentum or Deceleration: The Effect of Previous Change

ABSTRACT A conventional consensus on organizational change is the momentum view, which claims that prior changes of a given kind increase the probability of a subsequent change of the same kind. This consensus has been recently challenged by the deceleration view, which argues that prior changes decrease the probability of a subsequent change. By making a distinction between experienced changes and internalized changes, this study postulates that the two views complement and coexist with each other. A change of a given kind is less likely to occur with more experienced changes of the same kind, while it is more likely to occur with more internalized changes of the same kind. This integrated view is supported in a sample of 477 U.S. local governments making decisions about whether to outsource public services during 1982–2007. This study also looks into how relatedness to internalized changes affected the occurrence of a subsequent change of the same kind. The impact of operational relatedness was positive at an early time and increasingly negative in the long run. The impact of skill relatedness, however, was positive and steadily increased as time went on. MAD statement An important debate on organizational change is how prior changes of a given kind affect the probability of a subsequent change of the same kind. Whereas the momentum view claims that prior changes breed a subsequent change, the deceleration view contends that prior changes prevent a subsequent change. By distinguishing between experienced and internalized changes, this study argues and demonstrates, with a sample of U.S. local governments, that the two views complement and coexist with each other. A change is less likely to occur with more experienced changes, while it is more likely to occur with more internalized changes.

Common acronyms

column Common acronyms Author: Inroads Staff View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM InroadsVolume 13Issue 3September 2022 pp 55https://doi.org/10.1145/3555688Published:23 August 2022Publication History 0citation11DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads11Last 12 Months11Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access