Vietnamese Boy Research Articles

Unfinalizability: An exploration of a young child’s emergent identities through living stories

Drawing on a Bakhtinian idea of unfinalizability and a semiotics lens of multimodality, the authors conceptualize children's everyday narratives as chains of living stories that emerge at home and in early childhood education settings. In this study, the authors interpret the living stories and emergent identities of Dylan, a five-year-old Vietnamese boy, in Aotearoa New Zealand. Two narrative chains of Dylan's living stories were selected to represent his intersecting and emergent identities around the significant event of the birth of his sibling, when he became the eldest brother. The findings will inspire early childhood educators and researchers to value learnings derived from stories and use the pedagogy of unfinalizability in their interactions with young children.

My First Day by Phùng Nguyên Quang

Reviewed by: My First Day by Phùng Nguyên Quang Deborah Stevenson, Editor Quang, PhÙng NguyÊn My First Day; written and illus. by Phùng Nguyên Quang and Huỳnh Kim Liên. Make Me a World/Random House, 2021 [40p] Trade ed. ISBN 9780593306260 $17.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9780593306284 $10.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R* 5-8 yrs A young Vietnamese boy who lives on the great Mekong River sets out in his boat one morning ("Mama said I'm big enough now to go by myself"). He leaves the houses on stilts at river's edge, negotiates a mangrove forest filled with wildlife, passes golden fish, encounters swimming water buffalo—and finally greets his friends as they all arrive in their boats for the first day of school. The story is a lively journey that's interesting in its own right, but closer attention reveals clues to the destination (the "chatter of a classroom full of animals," the sky that's a "crayon box full of colors"), and indeed the it's clear the lyrical text is describing both the trip and the experience of starting school ("There is still a world to learn"; "When you don't know a place, it can be scary"). Digital art keeps the figures graphic-novel streamlined while making mesmerizing compositions in the landscape (the cover's even a play on Hokusai's The Wave); shifting perspectives, crowds of animals in dramatic patterns, and the visual throughline of the blue and green of the river enrich the illustrations. This would make a compelling partner with Murphy's gorgeous Birrarung Wilam (BCCB 7/20) about Australia's Yarra River, or just as a first-day-of-school story that could prompt a lot of discussion. A concluding note includes a map and gives more information about the Mekong. [End Page 230] Copyright © 2021 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Novel HAX1 Gene Mutation in a Vietnamese Boy with Severe Congenital Neutropenia

Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a rare disease that involves a heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases. Mutations in the HAX1 gene can cause an autosomal recessive form of SCN-characterized low blood neutrophil count from birth, increased susceptibility to recurrent and life-threatening infections, and preleukemia predisposition. A 7-year-old boy was admitted due to life-threatening infections, mental retardation, and severe neutropenia. He had early-onset bacterial infections, and his serial complete blood count showed persistent severe neutropenia. One older sister and one older brother of the patient died at the age of 6 months and 5 months, respectively, because of severe infection. Bone marrow analysis revealed a maturation arrest at the promyelocyte/myelocyte stage with few mature neutrophils. In direct DNA sequencing analysis, we found a novel homozygous frameshift mutation (c.423_424insG, p.Gly143fs) in the HAX1 gene, confirming the diagnosis of SCN. The patient was successfully treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and antibiotics. A child with early-onset recurrent infections and neutropenia should be considered to be affected with SCN. Genetic analysis is useful to confirm diagnosis. Timely diagnosis and suitable treatment with G-CSF and antibiotics are important to prevent further complication.

Acne fulminans in a Vietnamese boy successfully treated with prednisolone and ibuprofen: A case report

Background: Acne fulminans (AF) is a rare disorder, the most severe form of the entire clinical spectrum of acne. It is characterized by the emergence of painful inflammatory nodules that turn into ulcers, concomitant with systemic manifestations. Here, we report for the first time a Vietnamese boy with Acne fulminans successfully treated with prednisolone and ibuprofen.
 Case presentation: The patient is a 14-year-old male teenager with moderate acne since the age of 13. After a day of swimming, his acne suddenly became inflamed and painful lesions were present on his face and back. He had high fever and polyarthritis, and tests showed leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). Severe infection was diagnosed and treated by addition of antibacterial therapy for a long period, however, the condition did not improve. When called upon to evaluate the patient, we established the diagnosis of acne fulminans and initiated treatment with prednisone (1mg/kg/day) and ibuprofen (500 mg for two times daily). Following this treatment regimen, there was a rapid improvement.
 Conclusion: Herein, we have reported a Vietnamese boy with typical AF, but delayed diagnosis and treatment because of a rare condition. Our results support the role and benefit of prednisolone for AF treatment.

Characterization of Two Novel Deletions Involving the 5′ Region of the β-Globin Gene

We report two novel β-thalassemia (β-thal) deletions involving the 5′ region of the β-globin gene (HBB). The first deletion spans 538 bp and removes the β-globin promoter, 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) and most of exon 1. This deletion was identified in a 3-year-old Vietnamese boy with non transfusion dependent Hb E (HBB: c.79G>A)/β0-thal. The second deletion spans 1517 bp and removes the β-globin gene promoter, 5′UTR, and exons 1 and 2. This deletion was identified in two unrelated adults of European descent who had β-thal trait with unusually high Hb A2 levels. Deletions such as these are generally associated with higher levels of Hb A2 and Hb F than typical β-thal alleles, which may ameliorate the severity of the disease.

Adrift at Sea: A Vietnamese Boy’s Story of Survival by Marsha Forchuk Skrypuch

Adrift at Sea: A Vietnamese Boy’s Story of Survival by Marsha Forchuk Skrypuch

Severe congenital neutropenia caused by the ELANE gene mutation in a Vietnamese boy with misdiagnosis of tuberculosis and autoimmune neutropenia: a case report.

BackgroundSevere congenital neutropenia (SCN) is an immunodeficiency disease characterized low blood neutrophil counts, early bacterial infections, and risk of leukaemia development. Heterozygous mutations in the ELANE gene coding neutrophil elastase are associated with SCN. Patients with SCN suffer from recurrent bacterial infections and often succumb them. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SCN from Vietnam.Case presentationA 6-year-old boy was admitted due to severe bacterial infection and severe neutropenia. He had recurrent infections from 8 months of age, and was misdiagnosed with tuberculosis and and autoimmune neutropenia in infancy at 21 and 41 months of age, respectively. His medical report has showed severe neutropenia for many times. In direct DNA sequencing analysis, we found an ELANE gene mutation (R81P), which had been confirmed to cause SCN.ConclusionThe missed and delayed diagnosis may be attributable to insufficient awareness of this rare disease on the background of frequent infections even in the immunocompetent pediatric population in Vietnam. Our results indicate further evidence for the role of ELANE in SCN.

Subclavian artery perforation and hemothorax after right internal jugular vein catheterization

Subclavian artery perforation and hemothorax after right internal jugular vein catheterization

Case 1: Chronic cough in a Vietnamese adolescent: Should we be sweating?

A 14-year-old Vietnamese boy presented with chronic cough and fever. Since childhood, he had been diagnosed and managed as a difficult asthmatic case despite multiple episodes of pneumonia. On examination, he was tachypneic, hypoxic and clubbed. Auscultation revealed bilateral crackles. A chest radiograph demonstrated significant bronchiectasis (Figure 1). A sputum culture grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. His lung function was abnormal, with a forced vital capacity of 79% and a forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 72% of predicted. Figure 1) Extensive, diffuse bronchiectasis and bronchial wall thickening are noted throughout both lungs The patient was investigated for bronchiectasis; this ultimately revealed his true diagnosis. Four months later, he returned febrile with colicky abdominal pain and, again, proved to be a diagnostic dilemma. He was found to have intestinal obstruction, which was relieved with a barium contrast enema.

The first reported HLCS gene mutation causing holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency in a Vietnamese patient

Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency is an inborn error of biotin metabolism leading to multiple carboxylase deficiency which is often biotin responsive. This disease is believed to be relatively common among the Asian population. A 6-year-old Vietnamese boy presented with recurrent episodes of severe metabolic acidosis precipitated by intercurrent illnesses. An extensive skin rash was present since the onset of his illness. Multiple carboxylase deficiency was considered a likely diagnosis based on the history and the characteristic skin rash. This diagnosis was later confirmed by urine organic acid and molecular genetic studies. Urine organic acid showed characteristic excretion of glycine conjugates. Serum biotinidase activity was normal. Sequencing of the holocarboxylase synthetase gene revealed the patient being homozygous for a common mutation R508W. The patient showed a dramatic response to biotin within days of its administration. This case illustrates a potential highly treatable inborn error of metabolism that can be recognized on clinical grounds and its favorable response to biotin treatment.

Minor extended-spectrum β-lactamases

Over the last few decades, various extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), which are remotely related to the classical TEM and SHV families, have emerged. Among these, CTX-M, VEB and PER variants are of particular interest due to their widespread dissemination. This article will focus on these emerging ESBLs. CTX-M was first identified from an Escherichia coli strain in Germany and since then, a rapidly growing family of ESBLs has formed worldwide. There are now more than 90 CTX-M variants. VEB-1 ESBL is widespread in Southeast Asia. It was first identified in an E. coli strain isolated from a Vietnamese boy in 1996. After the initial discovery, it spread to other species. PER-1, now reported from various continents, was restricted to Turkish hospitals for years after the first identification in a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 1993. The worldwide dissemination of ESBLs is a healthcare crisis that deserves special attention.

Race at the Center: The History of American Cold War Asian Adoption

AbstractIn the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, international and transracial adoption have become more prominent than ever before. Celebrity culture and mainstream television and film—for example, Angelina Jolie's adoption of a Cambodian boy, an Ethiopian girl, and most recently a Vietnamese boy, and the adoption of a Chinese baby girl by Kristin Davis's character Charlotte York at the conclusion of the iconic HBO sitcom “Sex and the City”—have reflected as well as disseminated new racial sensibilities regarding family formation to the general public. But these sensibilities are not as new as they seem. They have a history. This essay challenges the popular notion that international adoption is an unprecedented facet of current American multiculturalism by connecting it to the international adoption by families in the United States during the Cold War 1950s and 1960s of mixed-race children of Asian women and U.S. servicemen. While histories of adoption have located the origins of Asian international adoption in the post–World War II and post–Korean War periods,2 the original contribution of this essay is to emphasize and to critically explore how the analytical category of race is fundamental to understanding the demographics, discourses, and institutions of earlier Asian international adoption history.

11β‐hydroxylase deficiency masked by alternative medicines

A 3.5-year-old Vietnamese boy presented with precocious pseudopuberty, hypertension and a skin rash that was treated with Vietnamese medications for 6 weeks, with resolution. Serum androgen levels were prepubertal, adrenal ultrasound was normal but a large unknown abnormal peak was detected in the urine steroid profile. Cessation of medications disclosed elevation of plasma androgen and 11-deoxycortisol levels. The unidentified urine steroid profile peak disappeared and a tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol peak was detected. This patient represents a difficult and challenging diagnosis of 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency. Careful evaluation of history and physical finding in the presence of apparent biochemistry discrepancy resulted in a correct diagnosis.

Culturally Competent Nursing Care

Culturally Competent Nursing Care

Developmental Changes in Children's Ethnic Preferences and Social Cognitions

An experiment was carried out to examine developmental changes in children's ethnic preferences and social cognitions to assess predictions drawn from sociocognitive theory and social identity theory. Two hundred and seventy Anglo-Australian children participated, with equal numbers of 8-, 10-, and 12-year-old children being drawn from one of three types of school that differed in its level of ethnic mix. The children listened to a story about an in-group Anglo-Australian boy and an out-group Vietnamese boy, each of whom displayed equal numbers of ethnic stereotype-consistent and stereotype-inconsistent traits. Each story character also displayed a positive and a negative behaviour. The results revealed that, as they increased in age, the children remembered more of the in-group versus out-group story character's stereotype-inconsistent versus stereotype-consistent traits and that they increasingly disliked the in-group story character, whereas they liked the out-group story character. In addition, the in-group and out-group story characters' negative behaviours were attributed to internal and external causes, respectively, whereas their positive behaviours were attributed to external and internal causes, respectively. The greater support for social identity versus sociocognitive theory revealed by these findings is discussed.