Videotape Analysis Research Articles

Analysis Of Personal Relationships From A Sentimental Standpoint And Support For Mental Health

Mental complaint, which is primarily brought on by depressions, and commending causes of early death moment. Suicidal studies brought on by depression seriously hamper daily performing. Sentiment analysis, which aims to discover the character of textbook and categorizes into positive, negative, and neutral, is a trendy issue that has been on exploration for decades. In moment’s digital terrain, sentiment analysis has access to a lot of data. So, our thing is to concentrate on developing a system for textbook, videotape, and audio analysis- grounded depression identification. This system will be created using sentiment analysis and natural language processing ways. Depending on the feelings deduced from stoner input, the application will classify textbook, audio, and visual signals as positive or negative.

Childhood gratification syndrome: Demystifying the clinical conundrum with a narrative literature review of the past 5 decades.

Childhood gratification syndrome (CGS) refers to self-stimulatory or masturbatory behaviors in children, which may have an onset as early as in infancy (IGS). The aim of this review is to understand the various clinical manifestations of CGS/IGS and their clinical differentiation from commonly misdiagnosed neurological and physical illnesses and to formulate a preliminary approach to their diagnosis and management. This narrative review is based on a search of literature over the past 50 years (1972-2022) in three online databases (PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar). The behaviors are episodic, occurring for brief periods, involving posturing, stereotypical limb movements, pubic pressure with autonomic hyperactivity, and postepisodic lethargy. They mimic seizures, movement disorders, abdominal pain, and tics. The paper also highlights the gap in the current knowledge to guide future research in the area. CGS usually represents nonpathological "pleasure-seeking" habits of childhood, but at times, it may become problematic for the child and his family. A careful history and videotape analysis of the events confirms the diagnosis and behavioral therapy with parental reassurance as the mainstay of treatment. A better understanding and clinical awareness of the CGS are necessary to prevent misdiagnosis and delay in appropriate intervention.

‘But, is it supposed to be a straight line?’ Scaffolding students’ experiences with pressure sensors and material resistance in a high school biology classroom

ABSTRACT This case study examines how material resistance (limitations posed by the physical world) and graph interpretation intersected during a high school biology investigation using digital sensors. We use an extended episode from a small group to illustrate how, in an inquiry-based unit, measuring near the resolution limit of a sensor caused scaling issues in graphs. Qualitative videotape analysis focuses on both the students’ attempts to make sense of a perceived lack of variation in the collected data and the teacher's and classroom researchers’ misinterpretation of the students’ difficulties with graph interpretation. We suggest that these educators, though experienced, could have benefited from additional strategies to help them recognise and respond to graph interpretation issues introduced by digital representations of real-world data, and that the students could have benefited from explicit prompts to discuss the limitations of their equipment. We describe several implications for researchers, teachers, and curriculum developers interested in implementing inquiry-based biology investigations using sensor data. We argue that students should be supported to recognise that encountering unexpected results from their investigations and working to understand what these results have to say about the real world is an important and valid part of the practice of real science.

Data Science for Motion and Time Analysis with Modern Motion Sensor Data

Data Science for Motion and Time Analysis Motion and time analysis has been a popular tool in operations research for analyzing work performance in manufacturing and service operations. The current practice in motion and time analysis involves many labor-intensive steps such as stop-watching, videotaping, and manual data analysis. It is too inefficient to be practiced regularly for continuous improvement. Whereas modern sensing devices have automated and eased motion measurements, the motion analytics transforming the new data into knowledge are largely underdeveloped. Unsolved technical questions include: How can the motion and time information be extracted from the motion sensor data? How are work motions and work rates statistically modeled and compared? How are the motions correlated to the rates? This paper develops solutions to the technical questions into a novel data science framework for motion and time analysis. The new framework is demonstrated with industrial use cases for a smart factory.

Integrating qualitative and quantitative methods to develop a comprehensive coding manual: Measuring attention to mathematics in play contexts

This coding manual was created to quantify and characterize the ways in which parents and their preschool children attend to mathematical features during play. We operationalized attention to mathematical features as instances during which parents or children made verbal references to quantitative (i.e., number, quantity, part-whole relations) or spatial (e.g., size, shape, spatial location, positional orientation) features. Through analysis of videotapes and transcripts of parent-child play sessions, we coded these verbal communications as questions, responses, mentions, or repetitions; and coded corresponding nonverbal support as either explicit, implicit, or irrelevant to the mathematical features coded. Analyses of independent coding by two coders indicated that we reliably coded instances of attending to mathematical features and the ways in which dyads talked about these features. Codes for nonverbal behaviors were less reliable and may require further development to improve reliability. The reliability analyses on verbal communication also illustrated the Kappa paradox—in our case, the high proportion of feature mentions led to a low value of Cohen's Kappa even when the percent agreement and Gwet's Agreement Coefficient 1 were high. The coding scheme served as a framework for our recent report on the frequency of parents' and children's attention to mathematical features and the association between parents' and children's attention to these features (Chan et al., 2020). This coding manual leverages the benefits of a mixed-methods approach by coding qualitative observations for quantitative analysis, and may provide other researchers with a framework for coding attention to mathematical features in a play context and developing manuals for analyzing other aspects of parent-child interaction. • This mixed-methods coding scheme quantitizes qualitative parent-child interaction. • Utterance-coding reliably quantified dyads’ frequency of attention to math features. • Utterances were reliably coded as questions, responses, mentions, or repetitions. • Actions were also coded but require further development to improve reliability. • Comparison of three inter-rater reliability measures add findings to Kappa paradox.

The Towards Silence Project: Multiple String Quartets Organize to Perform a New Musical Form in Spatially Variable and Distributed Conditions

This case describes an example of a collective making process in the field of performing arts. In 2009, multiple string quartets (many considered world class) organized to perform a new musical composition by Sir John Tavener. The composition challenged four quartets at a time to perform as an integrated ensemble while sitting apart, in various configurations, and at spatial distances up to 70 feet. The process unfolded in three phases: pre-rehearsals of the first group of quartets in the United Kingdom (UK), a series of rehearsals leading to one premiere performance by the second group of quartets in New York, and a series of rehearsals integrated with additional performances in four distinct venues in the UK. Mid-way through the process, the musicians chose to integrate a simple coordinating technology into their process, to address the difficulties produced by distance. This telling of the case story describes what the musicians did to achieve these unprecedented performances, given the unusual circumstances, emphasizing how they made decisions and evaluated their work along the way. The case is based on comprehensive fieldwork, including observation, interviews, spatial measurement and diagramming, questionnaires, and analysis of videotape of the rehearsal process.

Behavioral Observations in Northern UGANDA: Development of a Coding System to Assess Mother-Child Interactions in a Post-war Society.

There is growing interest in causes and consequences of disruptions in parent-child relationships in post-war environments. Recent studies mainly relied on self-reports to gain information about family dynamics following war exposure. Considering the limitations of self-report measures, we see the need for an in-depth examination of post-conflict parenting based on observational and quantitative data. The aim of the present study was the development of a coding system for a culturally bound description of parent–child interactions in northern Uganda, where virtually the entire population has been severely affected by 20 years of civil war. Interactions of 101 mothers and their 6- to 12-year-old children were observed during a structured interaction task (problem solving discussion). Foundation for the development of the coding system was the Family and Peer Process Code (FPP code). The cultural adaptation of the FPP code was based on in-depth qualitative analyses of the problem solving task, including a combination of inductive and deductive latent content analyses of textual data and videotapes, member checking and consultations of experts in the field of behavioral observations. The final coding system consists of 35 exhaustive and mutually exclusive content codes including codes for verbal, vocal, and compliance behavior as well as 14 affect codes. Findings indicate that the assessment of behavioral observations in post-conflict settings provides unique insights into culture- and context-specific interaction patterns and may be critical for the development and evaluation of parenting interventions.

Motor function in Rett syndrome: comparing clinical and parental assessments.

To describe a new clinical tool, the Rett Syndrome Motor Evaluation Scale (RESMES) and to assess (loco-)motor function in people with Rett syndrome (RTT). Formal assessment provided by physicians was followed by parents' direct observation at home using the RESMES. Sixty females (mean [SD] age 12y 5mo [8y 9mo], range 3-40y) with a clinical diagnosis and genetically determined RTT participated in the study. Spearman's/Pearson's coefficients assessed the correlation between the clinicians' and caregivers' evaluations, as well as the correlation of RESMES scores with other scales, namely the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia, the Rett Assessment Rating Scale, the Modified Ashworth Scale, and hand function (assessed with a scale of evaluation of purposeful hand function). Scores provided by parents and clinicians were tested statistically by Mann-Whitney U test. Approximately 88% of patients had moderate to severe RTT symptoms and, on average, moderate motor impairment based on the RESMES. RESMES total scores provided by clinicians and caregivers were highly correlated (r=0.91), as were the subscale scores. Postural transition was a critical area of the RESMES, where parents systematically provided lower scores than clinicians, indicating milder degrees of disability. Severity of scoliosis and mutation type emerged as significant predictors of motor function. The RESMES characterized the (loco-)motor impairments of the patients with RTT well. It also showed a close correlation between the evaluations of clinicians and caregivers, with the possible exception of postural transition tasks, which should be carefully addressed in a clinical setting. The type of mutation and presence of scoliosis should be evaluated, as they predicted the ability to walk. Caregivers at home can reliably assess motor function in Rett syndrome using the Rett Syndrome Motor Evaluation Scale (RESMES). RESMES scores provided by clinicians and parents were highly correlated. The severity of scoliosis and the genetic mutation predicted standing and walking abilities.

Three dimensional gait analysis in patients with symptomatic component mal-rotation after total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose of the present cohort study was the determination of lower body function and rotation in patients with symptomatic component mal-rotation after total knee arthroplasty using instrumented 3D gait analysis. A consecutive series of 12 patients (61.3years ± 11.4years) were included suffering under remaining pain or limited range of motion at least six months after total knee arthroplasty. A CT-scan according to the protocol of Berger et al. and instrumented 3D gait analysis were carried out including clinical examination, videotaping, and kinematic analysis using a Plug-in Gait model. Outcome variables were temporospatial parameters as well as kinematics in sagittal and transversal plane. Data for reference group were collected retrospectively and matched by age and gender. Temporospatial parameters of the study group showed decreased velocity, cadence, and step length as well as increased step time. Single limb support was reduced for the affected limb. In sagittal plane, maximum knee flexion during swing phase was reduced for the replaced knee joint. In transverse plane, there was hardly any difference between affected and non-affected limb. Compared to the reference group, both limbs show significant increased internal ankle rotation and external hip rotation. There were significant strong linear correlations between ankle rotation and hip rotation as well as ankle rotation and radiological tibial mal-rotation. Patients with symptomatic component mal-rotation after total knee arthroplasty showed typically functional deficits. The affected and non-affected limb showed significant increased internal ankle rotation and external hip rotation, while only the affected, replaced knee showed reduced internal knee rotation. Identification of rotational abnormalities of hip and ankle joints seems to be mandatory in TKA to identify the patient group with external hip rotation, internal ankle rotation, and an elevated risk for symptomatic rotational TKA component mal-alignment.

录像播放对护生技能考试焦虑水平的效果与分析

录像播放对护生技能考试焦虑水平的效果与分析

Exploring Good Teaching factors through Lecture Videotaping Analysis of University Instructors

Exploring Good Teaching factors through Lecture Videotaping Analysis of University Instructors

Learner and Instructor Views on Non-Verbal Instructional Behaviors in a College EFL Class

The purpose of this study is to examine the views of college students in relation to their native English speaking (NES) instructor’s non-verbal instructional behavior (NVIB). Additionally, the NES instructor’s own views on the use of such behaviors are also investigated. Based on the observation of and questionnaires completed by the 18 students and their NES instructor, this study examines the extent which the students’ and the instructor’s views match or differ and what implications such results may offer for teaching EFL to Korean students. According to the analysis of videotapes, surveys, and NVIB check-up charts, students were well aware of and viewed positively the instructor’s use of NVIBs and thought they were helpful in understanding course contents. The NES instructor also used diverse NVIBs but did not think he used many emotional and evaluative NVIBs in class. Accordingly, some pedagogical and research implications are suggested, especially focusing on understanding the diverse functions of NVIBs in relation with verbal counterparts as well as emphasizing the importance of situated context of teaching and learning.

Methodological considerations for observational coding of eating and feeding behaviors in children and their families

BackgroundBehavioral coding of videotaped eating and feeding interactions can provide researchers with rich observational data and unique insights into eating behaviors, food intake, food selection as well as interpersonal and mealtime dynamics of children and their families. Unlike self-report measures of eating and feeding practices, the coding of videotaped eating and feeding behaviors can allow for the quantitative and qualitative examinations of behaviors and practices that participants may not self-report. While this methodology is increasingly more common, behavioral coding protocols and methodology are not widely shared in the literature. This has important implications for validity and reliability of coding schemes across settings. Additional guidance on how to design, implement, code and analyze videotaped eating and feeding behaviors could contribute to advancing the science of behavioral nutrition. The objectives of this narrative review are to review methodology for the design, operationalization, and coding of videotaped behavioral eating and feeding data in children and their families, and to highlight best practices.MethodsWhen capturing eating and feeding behaviors through analysis of videotapes, it is important for the study and coding to be hypothesis driven. Study design considerations include how to best capture the target behaviors through selection of a controlled experimental laboratory environment versus home mealtime, duration of video recording, number of observations to achieve reliability across eating episodes, as well as technical issues in video recording and sound quality. Study design must also take into account plans for coding the target behaviors, which may include behavior frequency, duration, categorization or qualitative descriptors. Coding scheme creation and refinement occur through an iterative process. Reliability between coders can be challenging to achieve but is paramount to the scientific rigor of the methodology. Analysis approach is dependent on the how data were coded and collapsed.ConclusionsBehavioral coding of videotaped eating and feeding behaviors can capture rich data “in-vivo” that is otherwise unobtainable from self-report measures. While data collection and coding are time-intensive the data yielded can be extremely valuable. Additional sharing of methodology and coding schemes around eating and feeding behaviors could advance the science and field.

어린이들의 비의도적 행위에 대한 노출계수 개발 및 영향요인 분석

어린이들의 비의도적 행위에 대한 노출계수 개발 및 영향요인 분석

The Use of a Category Observation System for Analyzing Videos of Group Practice: Analysis of 30 Hours of Video of Family and Group Sessions

This article describes the development, testing, and implementation of a category observation system for the analysis of videotapes of practice with individuals, families, and groups. The article illustrates how a category observation system can be used to conduct a detailed computer analysis of the interaction between the group leader and the group members (the authority theme) and the interactions between members (the intimacy theme). Videotapes of 30 group sessions led by 11 professionally trained practitioners were rated with 1 of 13 entries every 3 seconds. This yielded 58,675 discrete observations of 60 hours of group. In addition, 32 hours of individual counseling were also included in the sample totaling 99,500 discrete observations.

365. Long-Term Toxicology Evaluation of AAVrh. 10hARSA Administration to the CNS of Nonhuman Primates to Treat Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), a lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of the enzyme arylsulfatase A (ARSA), is a recessive, fatal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease associated with intracellular accumulation of sulfatides in the CNS. The disease is fatal, with no approved therapy. The focus of this study is to test the hypothesis that direct CNS administration of AAVrh.10hARSA (AAVrh.10 serotype vector coding for the human ARSA cDNA) to the CNS of nonhuman primates at doses scalable to humans has an acceptable long term safety profile. Safety of intraparenchymal administration of AAVrh. 10hARSA was evaluated following its administration to the CNS of non-human primates (NHPs, African Green monkeys, n=24) at 12 locations in the white matter centrum ovale at two different doses (total dose 2.85×1010 genome copies (gc), equivalent to human clinical dose of 2.85×1011 gc previously used via a similar route of administration in humans, and 1.5×1012 gc, a 1.7-log higher dose, equivalent to a human dose of 1.5×1013 gc). NHPs administered in a similar fashion with AAVNull vector (a vector with an expression cassette without a translatable sequence) and sham (PBS) were used as controls. Target locations were determined using CAT and MRI imaging. The groups (n=6/group) were sacrificed at 1, 13, 26, and 52 wk following vector administration to determine short and long-term effects of treatment. General safety, hematologic, serum chemistry and CNS histopathology parameters were assessed at several time points up to 1 yr after vector administration. Additional in-life safety assessments included behavioral videotaping and CNS monitoring by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 13, 26, and 52 wk post-administration. The vector-administered groups did not differ from the controls in any parameter of general assessment or comprehensive blood profile (complete blood count, chemistry panel). Blinded videotape analysis of NHP behavior pre-surgery and post-administration showed no discernible neurological differences. No significant adverse effects were observed in animals treated with low dose AAVrh. 10hARSA; the only abnormal observation was presence of limited and reversible, minimal to mild T and B cell focal infiltrates at the CNS administration sites, findings that were corroborated by MRI. Animals treated with the higher dose of both the ARSA and Null vectors (1.5×1012 gc) demonstrated significant infiltrates of T cells, B cells and activated microglial cells and/or macrophages in the brain at the sites of administration. Similar observations were made from MRIs images, i.e., the higher dose may be associated with some local adverse effects, although these findings did not have clinical consequences on in-life data, complete blood count, serum chemistry or behavior in these NHPs. Together these findings demonstrate the safety of AAVrh.10hARSA administration at 2.85×1010 gc, equivalent to a human dose of 2.85×1011 gc and support the use of this vector as a vehicle for therapy of MLD.

Lifting the veil on the PRP–client relationship

The research used videotaped ethnographic observation and analysis of verbal and non-verbal actions to examine how a public relations practitioner (PRP) handled a client during a time of financial crisis in the client’s organization. Three interactions in which the PRP discussed media messaging with his client were analysed to discover what techniques the PRP employed and how much influence he had in constructing and disseminating the organization’s media strategy. The research provides rare empirical evidence of the day-to-day practices of PRPs in consultancy–client relationships, which is an area under-examined by researchers. The analysis found the relationship was characterized by competing interests and information asymmetry, which often hampered collaboration and reduced PRP influence.

A Creative 3D Design Programme: Building on Interests and Social Engagement for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

This study explores the processes occurring during technology workshops which built on interests and enhanced social engagement for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The workshops used a community based research design and focused on teaching a creative three-dimensional (3D) design programme (SketchUp™) to students with ASD. Seven boys (ages 8–17) participated in this pilot programme over a 6-month period. The methodology was a qualitative thematic analysis of videotapes and transcripts of workshop sessions. The two key themes that emerged were: (1) development of authentic peer relationships through humour, common interests, physical actions, and playful competition; and (2) the importance of a scaffolded learning environment with support from peers and an adult mentor, as opportunities for social engagement. These findings indicate that 3D design technology can build on strengths and interests of students with ASD and promote social engagement in naturally occurring environments. A positive youth development philosophy focusing on technology interests may be useful with students with ASD, especially in connection to existing service delivery models.

Sit-and-reach Scores Do Not Distinguish Varying Levels Of Hip Flexibility In Physically Active Young Men

The sit-and-reach (SR) test is commonly used to assess low back and hamstring flexibility and its criterion validity is based on passive straight leg raise (PSLR) performance. Recently, we learned that physically active young men matched with physically active young women for SR box scores (reach distance measured from a SR box) demonstrated lower hip flexibility during the PSLR and lower pelvic angle during the SR compared to the women (Mier & Shapiro. J Strength Cond Res. 27: 1031-1035, 2013). Thus, the fitness categories established from SR box scores are likely inadequate for ranking hip flexibility in these men. PURPOSE: To compare hip flexibility measured from PSLR between young physically active men grouped according to SR box score fitness categories (As described in ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing & Prescription, 9th ed). We hypothesized that mean PSLR scores would not differ between the following five groups, excellent (E), very good (VG), good (G), fair (F) and needs improvement (NI). METHODS: Sixty three men (age 23 ± 4 yr, body mass 79.0 ± 13.1 kg, body height 175.6 ± 7.7 cm) participated. Each participant performed a standard SR and PSLR test on the same day (counter-balanced). During the PSLR, hip joint angle was measured from videotape analyses using Dartfish software program. One-way ANOVA was used to determine significant difference (p < .05) between categories followed by a Tukey HSD post hoc test. RESULTS: The number of participants in each category was 7 (E), 11 (VG), 13 (G), 12 (F) and 20 (NI), respectively. Mean SR scores were 42.0 ± 2.5 cm (E), 35.8 ± 2.0 cm (VG), 31.4± 1.3 cm (G), 26.0 ± 1.6 cm (F), and 18.2 ± 6.5 cm (NI). Mean PSLR scores were 88.0 ± 14.2° (E), 83.4 ± 10.8° (VG), 83.7 ± 8.6° (G), 78.4 ± 18.0° (F), and 73.2 ± 12.8° (NI). From one-way ANOVA, PSLR differed somewhat according to fitness category (F = 2.5, p = .052). However, post hoc analyses revealed mean differences were not significant (p = .09 to 1.00). CONCLUSIONS: In young, physically active men, SR box scores do not provide adequate assessment of hip flexibility and in fact, average PSLR scores were below 90° in those that attained excellent and very good SR box scores. We recommend that the SR box scores of young physically active men be interpreted with caution and be replaced with the PSLR test.

Changing literacy practices according to the Finnish core curriculum

We investigated how a teacher implemented principles of literacy teaching and learning set forth in the Finnish core curriculum in a first-grade classroom, focusing on two aspects of the curriculum: (1) a community-oriented view of language, which can be understood from a socio-cultural perspective; and (2) a broad conception of text, which involves diversified literacy practices including both digital and printed environments. We understood the classroom as a place where the teacher deployed her pedagogic habitus (Bourdieu 1977; Pahl 2012), which in turn shaped the practices. Our analysis of videotapes of classroom literacy events and the teacher's diary during one school year showed that change in practices turned the classroom habitus (Bourdieu 1977) into a communicational entity where the pupils worked collaboratively with meaningful literacy activities with oral and print texts, including old and new technologies.