Victims Of Traffic Accidents Research Articles

Awakening Community Resilience: Strengthening Post-Crash Support for Road Traffic Accident Victims through Sarvodaya's Community-Based Initiatives (A Case Study)

Introduction: The provision of crash care presents a pressing health concern globally, with community-based initiatives offering a cost-effective approach to interventions. The objective of this study was to elucidate the potential community-based initiatives to enhance post-crash support for victims of road traffic accidents, specifically focusing on the efforts of Sarvodaya: a non-governmental organization in Sri Lanka.Methods: This case study employed a mixed-method approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative components. Data collection was done using self-administered questionnaires and Key Informant Interviews. Purposive sampling was done to identify informants (n=37) for the questionnaire survey.Results: While the informants had mixed perceptions of Sarvodaya's present initiatives to support post-crash care, the REACT – Community Life Saver initiative garnered majority for its potential to address the needs of the Road Traffic Accident victims. Community engagement was deemed insufficient, underscoring the need for enhanced awareness programs. Collaboration with existing resources, including Community Lifesaver Programs and the Red Cross, was identified as pivotal. Strategies for community-based interventions, including awareness campaigns, first aid training, improved emergency response systems, and victim advocacy, were prioritized for implementation. Implementation challenges such as resource constraints, behavioural issues of both drivers and pedestrians, communication gaps, and policy-legal concerns were highlighted. Addressing these challenges is crucial for the effective support of Road Traffic Accident (RTA) victims at the community level.Conclusion and recommendations: The study concludes that Sarvodaya has the potential to spearhead community-based initiatives aimed at enhancing post-crash support for road traffic accident victims, pending the effective resolution of identified constraints.

Pediatric Trauma - A Silent Epidemic.

Trauma is the leading cause of preventable deaths in children all over the world. In the majority of cases, children are innocent victims of road traffic accidents. They suffer from both short-term and long-term impacts of trauma. Deaths from road traffic accidents can be prevented by adopting simple road safety measures and the use of protective equipment. Worldwide programs have been initiated to curb this ever-rising menace; however, the success of these programs depends on their outreach and acceptance among the population in general. Golden hours in trauma management is the initial hour post-trauma, the success of resuscitation depends on the appropriate management of pediatric trauma victims in hospitals dedicated to the management of pediatric trauma victims. The current review highlights the epidemiology, pattern of injury, road safety measures, and global health initiatives for the prevention of accident-related injury in children. The shortcomings of this review are as follows- Firstly pediatric trauma is an exhaustive topic, it is impossible to cover all aspects of pediatric trauma. Thus, the review might have missed some important aspects of pediatric trauma. Secondly, the concept of a pediatric trauma registry is nonexistent in almost all developing countries; hence a true picture of pediatric trauma epidemiology and injury patterns is missing. Thirdly not much work has been done on pediatric trauma in developing countries leading to insufficient data from these countries.

Traffic injury as a medical and sanitary consequence of an emergency of man-made nature in Ukraine. Report four: analysis and characterization of the array of victims depending on the volume of damage

Background. Road traffic injuries always remain a significant medical and social problem for all mankind, and in Ukraine even during the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study: to determine the clinical and nosological characteristics of victims of road traffic accidents according to the extent of damage in road users. Materials and methods. This article is a continuation of the cycle of publications that were previously published in the journal “Emergency Medicine”, that is, it is a component of a comprehensive study. The actual material of the study were 1,696 cases of road traffic injuries formed by the method of irreversible randomization. The resulting array was formed from victims who were injured in the conditions of a metropolis, a regional city, and a rural area. Results. The conducted analysis found that in the total body of the study, 78.25 % of victims of traffic accidents had damage of up to three anatomical and functional areas (AFAs). Greater damage (4–6 AFAs) occurs in 21.75 % of patients. In the array of those who survived, 79.71 % had damage to 4–6 AFAs, in the array of the dead — 34.68 %. The highest mortality rate is 27.78 % when six AFAs are damaged, and the lowest — with one injured AFA (2.37 %). It was also found that among the “drivers” traffic participants, victims with damage to two (31.56 %) and three AFAs (25.58 %) have the highest specific weight. Among the “passengers” traffic participants, victims with damage to two (33.73 %) and one AFA (26.56 %) have the highest specific weight. Among the “pedestrians” traffic participants, victims with damage to two (29.74 %) and three AFAs (25.15 %) have the highest percentage. Conclusions. 1. It was found that a large amount of damage in general causes a greater threat to the life of a victim of traffic accidents, but the trend is non-linear, that is, the survival is affected by other risk-creating factors. 2. All traffic participants in general have a relatively smaller injury (damage to 1–3 anatomical and functional areas). At the same time, the highest specific weight of such trauma is observed among drivers, and the lowest one among pedestrians. 3. There was a significant influence of the sign of participation in traffic and the extent of damage on the outcome of traumatic process in victims of traffic accidents.

Post-traumatic diaphragmatic rupture: two observations at the National Hospital of Niamey

Introduction: Trauma to the diaphragm is rare, accounting for 3.6% of injuries sustained in road accidents. They are the result of violent trauma and most often occur in the left dome. Observations: The two patients were young adults (18, 55), male, and all victims of road traffic accidents resulting in firm trauma to the thorax. All patients had left basithoracic lesions. Both patients were diagnosed intraoperatively based strong clinical and radiological suspicion. The diaphragm ruptures presented by our patients were found on the left, with intra-abdominal viscera ascending into the thorax. Therapeutically, an emergency exploratory laparotomy was performed. The approach was abdominal for two patients, and the surgical procedure involved lowering the herniated organs and suturing the diaphragm for both patients. Postoperative management was straightforward. Conclusion: Post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is a particular injury in traumatology. It most often occurs in the setting of polytrauma. Its seriousness derives from its complications and associated lesions, which can be life-threatening.

Forensic Profiling of Road Traffic Accident Victims- A Retrospective Study

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) have become a significant public health problem that requires a multi-disciplinary strategy to solve. Every year, 1.35 million people die because of RTAs. The effects of a traffic accident not only cause the sufferer to suffer physically, emotionally, and financially, but they also have a deadly impact on the way the entire family functions. Objectives: This study's objective was to assess the current RTA situation in Manikganj district, determine the injury pattern, explore the causes and frequency of accidents, and find out the sociodemographic characteristics of the victims. Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out in the Manikganj District hospital, Bangladesh, during the period of January, 2019 to December, 2020. Results: During the study period, there were 381 postmortems performed, of which 83 (21.78%) instances involved RTA. Of the victims, 49(59.04%) were men and 34(40.96%) women. Incidence of RTA (24, 28.91%) was the highest among people aged 21 to 30 years. The most accidents happened during the daytime (32, 38.55%). All victims sustained many abrasions and bruises (83, 100%), laceration was present in 46(55.42%), fractured ribs in 33(39.75%), fractured hipbones in 32(38.55%), skull bones fractured in 16(19.27%), head injury in 26 (31.32%) and intracranial haemorrhages in 26(31.32%) cases. Most victims (59, 71.08%) were pedestrians, followed by passengers and drivers. In 83 instances, head injuries accounted for most fatalities (22, 26.53%), followed by multiple traumas, haemorrhagic shock, spinal cord damage, septic shock and crush syndrome. Conclusion: Strict adherence to traffic laws, public awareness campaigns, and adequate driver training all reduce the likelihood of road accidents and lessen their severity. Journal of Monno Medical College December, 2023; 9 (2):53-57

Study of Pattern of Craniofacial Injuries in Road Traffic Accident Cases Autopsied in Midnapore Medical College

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the pattern of craniofacial injuries in victims of fatal road traffic accidents, observed through autopsies conducted at Midnapore Medical College, West Midnapore from January 2021 to December 2023. Methods: It is a retrospective, cross- sectional observational study. Data was collected by thorough analysis of the injuries documented in post-mortem reports of all the alleged road traffic accident cases where victim sustained Cranio- facial injuries within a time span of 3 years, from 1st January 2021 to 31st December, 2023. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel. Conclusion: The study highlights the necessity of context-specific interventions to address the unique injury patterns observed in West Midnapore's road traffic accidents. Improving road infrastructure, raising traffic safety awareness, and promoting protective measures like seat belts and helmets can reduce severe craniofacial injuries. The prevalence of maxillofacial fractures underscores the face's vulnerability, with long-term physical and psychological impacts. Effective prevention strategies, such as strict traffic regulations and awareness campaigns on the dangers of distracted or impaired driving, are essential. Despite limitations, the study provides valuable insights into craniofacial injury patterns in fatal accidents, stressing the need for enhanced road safety, stronger traffic laws, and better post-accident care. Interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals, law enforcement, and policymakers is crucial for developing comprehensive strategies to manage and prevent these injuries. By examining regional injury characteristics and comparing them with other studies, this research contributes to the broader understanding of craniofacial trauma, offering significant implications for improving road safety, trauma care, and forensic practices.

Survival status and its predictors among adult victims of road traffic accident admitted to public hospitals of Bahir Bar City, Amhara regional state, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2023: multi center retrospective follow-up study

IntroductionRoad traffic accident is the most common cause of death in adults worldwide. Road traffic accident-related deaths increased from time to time in low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia; however, there is limited evidence about Survival status and its predictors among adult victims of road traffic accidents admitted to Hospitals in Ethiopia specifically in the study area. Thus, this study aimed to assess Survival status and its predictors among adult victims of road traffic accident admitted to Hospitals.MethodsAn institutional-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted from July 01/2019 to June 30/2022. A total of 402 samples were chosen using simple random sampling. Data was collected by a prepared checklist from the victims’ chart and entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 software and then exported to STATA version 14.1 for analysis. Kaplan-Meier failure function and log-rank test were computed. The assumption was checked by Schoenfeld residual test. All variables in bivariable analysis, p-value < 0.25 were entered into multivariable cox-regression model. Adjusted Hazard Ratio with 95% Confidence Interval was reported to declare the strength of association and statistical significance p-value of < 0.05. Model fitness was checked by using Cox-Snell residual. Data was presented by text, table, and graph.ResultThe median survival time was 504 h. From all, 63(15.6%) deaths, 57% of deaths occurred between 24 and 168 h of follow-up with an overall incidence of 15.34deaths per10, 000 victims-hours observation. According to the Kaplan-Meier failure curve together with the log-rank test, the incidence density rate of death among victims who had a complication during admission was71.86per10,000victims-hour observation (95%, CI:53.66–96.25), which is different from those who did not have complication 5.17per10,000person-hour observation (95%, CI:3.26–8.21). The incidence density rate of death among victims who had low level of arterial oxygen saturation (SPO2 < 95%) during admission was 82.87per10, 000 victims-hour observation (95%, CI: 63.15-108.75), which is different from those who had arterial oxygen saturation ≥ 95% 3.16per10, 000victims -hour observation (95%, CI: 1.75–5.71) Develop complication (AHR = 3.1,95% CI:1.44–6.70), systolic blood pressure measurement value ≤ 89 mmHg (AHR = 2.4,95% CI:1.10–5.19), not admitted intensive care unit (AHR = 0.46,95% CI:0.022–0.97), Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8 (AHR = 2.9,95% CI:1.07–7.75), Glasgow Coma Scale score 9–12(AHR = 3.8,95% CI:1.61–8.97) and, level of arterial oxygen saturation ≤ 95% (AHR = 6.5,95% CI:2.38–17.64) were predictors of outcome variable.Conclusion and recommendationsThe median survival time was short. Complication, low systolic blood pressure measurement value, low Glasgow Coma Scale score, not admit to intensive care unit and low level of arterial oxygen saturation were significant predictors of the outcome variable. So that healthcare providers better give special attention and care to those victims admitted to Hospitals. A further prospective study is recommended.

Epidemiological profile of polytrauma victims attended in a basic care hospital in the South of Brazil: retrospective cross-sectional study

Background: In the scope of public health, it is fundamental to comprehend the patterns and characteristics of the patients attended in hospitals for the guidance about prevention and intervention policies. In this perspective, the present study aims to evaluate the epidemiological profile of polytrauma victims who were assisted in a basic care hospital, located in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during the period of January 1st to December 31th of 2022. The importance of studying the mechanism of trauma lies in the fact that it is the main cause of fatality in the population between 1 and 44 years old and represents a total of 5.8 million deaths annually in Brazil. Methods: The methodology consists of a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the analysis of hospital records, identifying patterns of gender, age, type of injury, modes of damage and outcome of the attended patients. Results: Based on the data collected, it was observed a predominance of the male gender among the polytrauma victims, with a significant incidence of assistance resulting from motor vehicle collisions, corroborating with previous epidemiological evidence. Conclusion: The epidemiological profile of polytraumatized patients is male, aged 41 and victims of traffic accidents. Therefore, urges the need to develop preventive and interventionist measures in relation to the causal factors of polytrauma, such as road infrastructure and alcohol use. In addition, the study was limited by the fact that it did not investigate the use of alcohol by the drivers, and the license status.

Experience as a physician attending to traffic accident victims in hospitals in Managua, Nicaragua

Introduction: Every 23 seconds a person dies from a traffic accident in the world, that is about 3756 deaths per day, with the consequent impact on relatives and health personnel. Doctors are part of the health team that is on the front line of care. Although this is part of their daily work, their feelings and emotions are deeply affected. There is a deficit of research of this type carried out by doctors.Methodology: Qualitative study, under the constructivist paradigm with a phenomenological approach. The objective was; explore the lived experience of doctors who treat victims of traffic accidents. The sample was intentional with five participating physicians . The phenomenological interview was used as an information collection technique and analyses were carried out according to Van Manen.Results: From the analysis, 15 codes were obtained inductively, which gave rise to 6 sub-themes: Impacts of Tragedies; Communication of bad news; Becoming of emotion; Coping; Narratives that endure and Resignation that in turn made up the 3 central themes: Body Lived in the impact, Time Lived in the here and after and Human Relations lived: between narratives and resignation.Conclusion: The study reveals that doctors are indirect victims of adverse events in the face of damage to the patient and their family in the face of a traffic accident. Constant monitoring of their psychological and emotional well-being, training communication strategies and improving patient-centered curricular programs are recommended. Extending the study to other specialties would enrich this understanding..

EXPERT-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF NON-LETHAL MOTORCYCLE-RELATED TRAUMA

The forensic examination of victims of motorcycle trauma is a current issue in forensic practice. However, the forensic characteristics of contemporary nonfatal motorcycle injuries have not been adequately investigated. Aim of the work. To investigate the epidemiology of nonfatal motorcycle injuries and to determine the forensic characteristics of injuries typical of victims of motorcycle traffic accidents. Materials and methods. The study material consisted of 40 forensic medical reports on individuals affected by motorcycle injuries, performed at the Ternopil Regional Forensic Medical Bureau between 2016 and 2023. The data extraction was performed in a formalised card for each case, containing details about the injured person, circumstances, location and conditions of the injury. The types of injuries, their location and distribution by body part (head, trunk, limbs) were meticulously recorded. The data obtained were processed using variational statistical methods. Results. Research shows that the majority of nonfatal injuries to motorcyclists occur on the roads during the summer and early autumn, with peaks in June and September, typically as a result of collisions with other vehicles (usually cars). The victims are predominantly male (35 (87.5%)), young (19 (47.5%)) and mature (13 (32.5%)). Of these, 31 (77.5%) were motorcyclists, 6 (15.0%) were passengers and only 3 (7.5%) were pedestrians (p≤0.01). Different lower limb injuries were identified in 35 victims (87.5%, p≤0.01), upper limb injuries in 22 (55%) of the injured and head injuries in 20 (50%). Combined injuries involving two or more different anatomical parts of the body (head, torso and limbs) were found in 35 (87.5%) victims. Head injuries presented as abrasions, bruises or contusions, mainly to the face, often to several facial areas at the same time, typically accompanied by concussion or cerebral contusion. All victims with torso trauma were diagnosed with various soft tissue injuries, of which 18 (90%) were located on the anterior surface of the chest, in the pelvic or abdominal area (often in combination), with spinal injuries occurring in only 2 (10%) victims. Upper limb trauma was associated with various soft tissue injuries, as well as fractures and ligamentous damage in more than half of the victims with upper limb injuries. Victims with lower limb trauma had both superficial soft tissue injuries (abrasions, bruises, haematomas, contusions) and deeper injuries (lacerations or crush injuries), together with open or closed fractures of the femur, tibia and fibula, or multiple fractures. Isolated injuries involving only the trunk or upper extremities, or only the head and trunk, or only the trunk and lower extremities in nonfatal motorcycle trauma were found only in isolated cases. Conclusions. Non-fatal motorcycle trauma usually occurs on the road, in warm weather conditions, as a result of the motorcycle colliding with another vehicle. The majority of victims are motorcyclists, young and middle-aged males. Characteristic features of non-lethal motorcycle trauma are: a significant number of superficial soft tissue injuries and their predominance over fractures or internal organ injuries; the combination of head, trunk and limb injuries with a predominance of lower limb injuries; the predominant location of injuries on the frontal surface of the victims' bodies.

Sosialisasi Santunan Penjaminan PT. Jasa Raharja Akibat Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas

Driving activities on the highway are inseparable from various risks such as accidents and death. The government as the executor to protect the public makes some rules aimed at ensuring the implementation of accident insurance that occurs while driving. The government established PT Jasa Raharja to implement the rules that have been made, both in the form of Laws, Government Regulations or Minister of Finance Regulations. Information on traffic accident insurance is not known by all levels of society, both in terms of claim procedures, requirements and also types of accidents that can be covered, so that many people end up being burdened by the accidents that occur. STIE Ganesha conducts community service programs in collaboration with related parties to provide socialization about driving safety on the highway, including socialization about guarantees for traffic accident victims carried out by PT Jasa Raharja. The participants who were targeted in this socialization were students, offline motorcycle taxi drivers, surrounding communities and also STIE Ganesha employees. This service went well so that the participants could understand the material given during the event and could become a liaison between the community and information about traffic accident guarantees.

A postmortem study of demographics and severity of thoracoabdominal injuries among patients attending a teaching hospital in northeast India.

The global estimate reflects 4.4 million injury-related deaths every year and the thoracoabdominal region is frequently injured since it is a wide area. An autopsy-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenient sampling technique for three years. A Chi-square test was conducted for categorical variables. A P value of less than 0.01 was considered statistically significant. Out of 80 cadavers, the male:female ratio was 1:0.31. The commonest age group was 20-29 years. Victims of road traffic accidents were 54 (67.5%) followed by falls from height 10 (12.5%). External thoracic injuries were commoner than internal and vice versa in abdominal injuries. Liver injuries were major in number. Combined thoracic-abdominal and associated injuries were observed in 67 (83.75%) victims. The commonest cause of death was craniocerebral injury combined with hemorrhagic shock (36.25%). Eighteen (22.5%) victims died on the spot having an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 73.37 followed by a survival time of 1-7 days in 17 (21.25%) cases. A significant correlation was found between ISS and survival period. All thoracic and abdominal injuries represent a possible increase in morbidity and mortality; hence, working toward their prevention and timely intervention is necessary.

Consumer Protection for Traffic Accident Victims Due to a collision with an online motorcycle taxi that violates

In the era of globalization, the number of private vehicles is increasingly two-wheeled. Hit-and-run traffic violations in Gelora Karno, Central Jakarta Polrestabes area between scooters against and private motorcycles and traffic accidents between online motorcycle taxis that go against the flow and private motorcycles. This study aims to determine consumer safety standards against traffic accidents caused by online motorcycle taxi drivers. The legal research method that the author uses is empirical juridical, the method is carried out by examining the law or from facts that are actually obtained from the field in the form of information, characteristics and effectiveness. The results of the study concluded that Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation are regulations that regulate motorists when driving on the highway, through consumer protection efforts and driver legal responsibility designed to reduce the number of traffic violations by conducting frequent socialization and routine patrols every day in the field. The driver is liable based on the category of misdemeanor, moderate or severe against applicable law. Consumer protection is given to victims so that they do not experience trauma and are healthy again.

Dental Profiling and Findings of Multiple Jaw Fractures in Traffic Accident Victims: A Case Report

Motorcycle riders have a high rate of death and severe injury. Traffic accidents can cause blunt trauma. In this case report, authors present cases of accidents with findings of facial trauma to the forehead, nose, cheeks, and multiple fractures of the maxilla and mandible due to a hard object impact. High-speed crashes are common in polytraumatized motorcycle crashes and often display facial injuries. If regarded from the biomechanics of trauma, there is a suspicion that the victim was wearing a helmet, with direct face trauma shown by minimal abrasions on the victim's face and more bruises instead. The woman was suspected of riding the motorcycle at high speed, with her face directly hitting a blunt object.

Forensic Assessment of Alcohol Intoxication in Cases of Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Lithuania.

There is strong evidence that alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor for fatal road traffic accidents. It is estimated that the number of alcohol-related road accidents remains high in the past few years in Lithuania. This study aims to examine the prevalence of alcohol in blood samples collected from the autopsy results of road traffic accident victims. A retrospective study of 136 road traffic accident victims was performed in State Forensic Medicine Service of Lithuania in the period of 2013 to 2023. We analyzed blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in relation to sex, age, road user type, place and time of the day at death. 31% of the victims were under influence of alcohol at the time of death, with mean BAC 1.99 ± 0.92‰. The mean BAC was 2.16 ± 0.8‰ in male and 1.18 ± 1.12‰ in female group. By the type of road users, 23% of the pedestrians (mean BAC 2.45 ± 0.71‰), 32% of car drivers (mean BAC 2.13 ± 0.75‰), 41% of vehicle passengers (mean BAC of 1.73 ± 1.19‰), 37% of the motorcycle riders (mean BAC of 1.28 ± 0.53‰), 37% of the cyclists (mean BAC of 1.15 ± 0.75‰) were found to be intoxicated during the time of accident. Highest mean blood alcohol concentration was found during the night time hours (9 p. m. - 5 a. m.) 2.28 ± 0.91, comparing to in afternoon hours (12 p. m. - 5 p. m.) 1.49 ± 0.99, evening hours (5 p. m. - 9 p. m.) 2.10 ± 0.73 and morning hours (5 a. m. - 12 p. m.) 1.94 ± 1.00. The mean BAC in road traffic accidents during summer was 1.48 ± 0.71‰, spring 2.25 ± 0.76‰, autumn 2.12 ± 1‰, winter 2.42 ± 1‰. Alcohol consumption by road users is a significant contributing factor in road traffic accidents and their outcomes in Lithuania.

Incidence and predictors of mortality among road traffic accident victims admitted to hospitals at Hawassa city, Ethiopia.

Globally, road traffic accidents are the eighth-leading cause of death for all age groups. The estimated number of road traffic deaths in low income countries was more than three times as high as in high-income countries. Africa had the highest rate of fatalities attributed to road traffic accidents. Ethiopia has the highest number of road traffic fatalities among Sub-Saharan African countries. The main objective of this study was to determine the incidence and predictors of mortality among road traffic victims admitted to hospitals in Hawassa City. A facility-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using secondary data from hospital records. A total of 398 road traffic accident victims admitted to selected hospitals in Hawassa city from January 2019 to December 2021 participated in the study. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14.1. The Cox regression model was used to determine the predictors of mortality. A hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a cut-off value of P<0.05 was used to declare the risk and statistical significance, respectively. The incidence rate of mortality for road traffic accident victims was 7.34 per 10,000 person-hours. The predictors of mortality were the value of GCS at admission <8 (aHR = 5.86; 95% CI: 2.00-17.19), GCS at admission 9-12 (aHR = 3.27; 95% CI: 1.28-8.40), the value of SBP at admission ≤89mmHg (aHR = 4.41; 95% CI: 2.22-8.77), admission to the ICU (aHR = 3.89; 95% CI: 1.83-8.28) and complications (aHR = 5.48; 95% CI: 2.74-10.01). The incidence of mortality among road traffic victims admitted to hospitals in Hawassa city was high. Thus, thorough follow-up and intensive management should be given to victims with critical health conditions.

Corticosteroid Sclerotherapy of Morel-Lavallée Syndrome: about a Case at the Reference Health Center (CSRéf) Commune III of Bamako

Morel-Lavallée syndrome corresponds to a serolymphatic effusion secondary to tangential trauma in relation to a richly vascularized tissue. It is a pathology little mentioned in the medical literature. We report the case of a female patient, victim of a road traffic accident which caused a Morel-lavallée lesion and who was successfully treated by sclerotherapy with corticosteroid (triamcinolone). There is currently no universally accepted treatment algorithm for the management of Morel-Lavallée lesions. Corticosteroids constitute a valid therapeutic option as a sclerosing agent in the treatment of this pathology. Conclusion: Corticosteroids constitute a valid therapeutic option as a sclerosing agent in the treatment of Morel-lavallée syndrome with satisfactory results.

Histomorphological Spectrum of Lung Lesions in Medico- legal Autopsy in a Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Organ specific pathological changes seen during autopsy give a clear idea of the cause of death. Lungs are one of the most important vital organs in the human body. They are almost always involved in terminal events of cardiovascular diseases.Autopsy is important not only to know the state of lungs but also to study the morphology of various diseases.Various studies have demonstrated that,20-30% of sudden deaths are due to underlying pulmonary pathology. Aims and objectives: The significance of this study is to highlight the spectrum of histomorphological features of lung lesions in medico-legal autopsies irrespective of cause of death. Material and Methods:This was a retrospectivestudy Medico legal autopsies over a period of 5 years carried out in the Department of Pathology in coordination with the Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences. Standard protocols are used for gross and histopathology processing. Results: After thorough histopathological examination, of total 100 cases, various lesions were identified in 93 cases, in 7 cases tissue was autolyzed. Majority cases seen in the age group of 20-40yrs with male predominance. The most common cause of death was Road Traffic Accident (RTA) and majority victims were males. The commonly observed pathological features congestion and oedema(44.4%), Pneumonia(26.8%),CVC(22.2%) tuberculosis(9.6%) and ARDS(6.6%). Conclusion: The present study observed and documented histomorphological spectrum of lung lesions in medico-legal autopsies and highlighted various pathological conditions which are either direct or indirect cause of death. This study emphasizes that spectrum of histopathological changes in lungs of autopsy cases irrespective of cause of death and highlights some incidental interesting findings in lungs.

Pattern and severity of injuries, risk factors and outcome of Road Traffic Accident victims attending emergency department of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital

Introduction: Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) is considered as one of the major public health problems around the globe. It is one of the top 5 causes of morbidity and mortality in South East Asia. Objectives: To find out pattern and severity of injuries, possible risk factors and outcome of victims of RTA attending emergency ward. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study. All the patients with history of RTA attending the emergency ward have been enrolled with written informed consent after obtaining ethical clearance. Those patients with a history of sudden accidental fall or injury by falling objects were not included. The patients are assessed based on a semi standardized study proforma. The final outcome of the patient at the emergency department is noted. Result: Young adults (17-30 years) were injured most in Road traffic accident (38.41%) Most of them had head injury (59.8%) due to light vehicle (65.2%). Most accidents occurred during evening time (64.3%). Fewer of them were under the influence of alcohol (17%). 39% of the patients were severely injured. 3% patients expired at the emergency ward and 32% of the patients got admitted in ICU. Young adults were severely injured (53.8%) compared to older adults (33.33%). Conclusion: Young adults were involved most and major accidents were due to light vehicles. The majority of the patients had a milder form of injury requiring hospital admissions. The most common pattern was head injury. fewer of them were under alcohol influence.

GAMBARAN POLA LUKA PADA KORBAN KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH RAJA AHMAD TABIB PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU PERIODE JANUARI-DESEMBER TAHUN 2022

Background: Traffic accidents are a leading cause of death in developing countries, and the incidence continues to rise with population growth and increased transportation mobility. This study aims to analyze the pattern of injuries in traffic accident victims treated at Raja Ahmad Tabib Regional General Hospital, Riau Islands Province, during the period from January to December 2022. Methods: This study utilized a retrospective descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 1,533 traffic accident victims during the January-December 2022 period, and a sample of 318 individuals was selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics. Results: The study revealed that 69.5% of the victims were aged over 30 years, 66.7% were male, and 84.0% survived the accidents. The most common injury pattern among pedestrians was abrasions (37.9%), motorbike riders most frequently experienced abrasions (48.0%), car drivers mostly suffered from lacerations (43.4%), and car passengers predominantly had contusions (50.0%). Conclusion: This research concludes that the injury patterns in traffic accident victims at Raja Ahmad Tabib Regional General Hospital in the Riau Islands Province during 2022 show that abrasions are dominant among motorbike riders, lacerations are predominant among car drivers, and contusions are prevalent among car passengers.