Victims Of Sexual Harassment Research Articles

Digital Activism Communications and Gender Equality Efforts: The #WeRaceAsOne Movement in Media Social by F1 Fans

The Formula 1 or F1 community is characterized by cases of gender discrimination and sexual harassment, such as the assumption that women do not deserve to like F1 and the Christian Horner harassment case that was not followed up. The purpose of this study is to analyze the form of digital activism used by F1 fans in addressing issues within the F1 community. The research method used is with a qualitative approach and focuses on content analysis. Content analysis of social media posts shows two main purposes for using the hashtag: (1) supporting victims of sexual harassment and (2) rejecting double standards against women in the F1 community. This research concludes that the #WeRaceAsOne hashtag initiated by F1, can be used by fans as a digital activism movement to solve the problems experienced by women in F1.With digital activism movements such as the use of the #WeRaceAsOne hashtag, it is expected to raise awareness, audience solidarity, support victims, ask F1 to be more assertive, and defend female fans who experience discrimination.

Victim, perpetrator, or witness of peer sexual harassment? Middle-school students’ movements between roles across time

ABSTRACT Previous research on peer sexual harassment at school has mostly considered students’ involvement in the victim role while overlooking the roles of witnessing and perpetration, and students’ movements between different roles over time. In this two-wave longitudinal study (N = 783) conducted in Sweden, we examined students’ involvement in peer sexual harassment from ages 10 to 11 years to identify patterns of movements within and between roles. Through illustrations and Configural Frequency Analysis, we identified three central patterns. First, many students remained in the same roles across time, especially those who were involved in a combination of roles. Secondly, students often first encountered peer sexual harassment by witnessing it and then became targets themselves. Finally, students who perpetrated peer sexual harassment often had previous experience with other roles in peer sexual harassment. The findings suggest that social learning processes may influence how students move between different roles over time.

The Help-Seeking Behavior of Victims of Image-Based Sexual Harassment and Abuse: A Scoping Review.

Image-based sexual harassment and abuse (IBSHA) has recently gained scientific attention. To date, research has primarily focused on victim characteristics and impact, while little specific empirical research exists on victims' help-seeking behavior, including barriers and facilitators to seeking support. The aim of this scoping review was to examine the current state of literature on IBSHA victims' help-seeking behavior and barriers and facilitators to seeking support. Seven electronic bibliographic databases were searched up to June 2023 to identify relevant literature. Inclusion criteria consisted of (1) English or Dutch language, (2) original empirical data, (3) studying one or more forms of IBSHA, (4) victim sample, and (5) addressing help-seeking behavior, and/or factors encouraging or discouraging help-seeking. The scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols extension for scoping reviews. In total, 81 articles were included. Varying definitions of IBSHA, sample sizes, and populations complicated the drawing of general conclusions. The research was primarily conducted in English-speaking Western countries with a majority of young, White, heterosexual, and women samples. Prevalence rates of help-seeking strongly varied. Multiple sources of informal and formal support were identified, including friends, family, social media platforms, and police. Informal support appeared preferred. Articles identified several barriers to help-seeking including shame, (fear of) negative social responses and negative expectations of formal support, and facilitators, including desire for justice and takedown of non-consensually shared images. Research on IBSHA is growing rapidly. The field would benefit from further research focused on help-seeking with diverse samples, standardized measures, and intersectionality. Recommendations for policy and practice are provided.

Trends and Patterns of Crime against Scheduled Tribes in States of Northern and Western Regions of India

The paper discussed trends and patterns of crime against scheduled tribes in states of northern and western regions of India. It has found that highest crime against scheduled tribe(s) occurred in Rajasthan followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. There are no incidences of crime against scheduled tribe(s) in Haryana. Incidences and victims of simple hurt, grievous hurt murder, assault on tribal women and attempt to commit murder are highest in Rajasthan followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Incidences and number of victims of sexual harassment is highest in Maharashtra followed by Rajasthan and Gujrat. Rajasthan has the highest incidences and victims of stalking followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Incidences of assault of children of scheduled tribes is highest in Maharashtra followed by Rajasthan and Gujrat. There are no incidences of kidnapping for ransom in any states of the regions. Incidences of kidnapping and abduction of women to compel her for marriage is highest in Rajasthan followed by Gujrat and Maharashtra. There are no incidences of procuration of minor girls of scheduled tribes in any state of the regions. Incidences of rape of women is higher in Rajasthan and Maharashtra. Rajasthan has the highest incidences of robbery followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Therefore, government of the concern states should implement proper policies for minimizing such crimes against scheduled tribes.

Analisis Tokoh Pada Film “Penyalin Cahaya” sebagai Korban Pelecehan Seksual Menggunakan Teori Kebungkaman

Film is a mass media that can influence people's mindset through the message it wants to convey. The film "Penyalin Cahaya" tells the story of Suryani, Farah, and Tariq, who experienced sexual harassment by a fellow Matahari Theater group member, Rama. Rama is described as a figure who has a powerful relationship with the university. This article uses a descriptive qualitative research method. The data collection technique used in this article is the listen-and-note method. The theory used in this article is the Theory of Silence by Edwin Arderner and Shirley Arderner. The purpose of this study is to determine the reasons for the silence experienced by victims of sexual harassment in the film "Penyalin Cahaya." The results of the analysis of the film "Penyalin Cahaya" using the Theory of Silence obtained that the cause of silence in women and men is the lower class, which does not have the power to defend themselves. The existence of authority is the main factor in silence in the film "Penyalin Cahaya." Keywords: Film, Sexual Harassment, Muted

The experience of sexual harassment victims in accessing counseling services at higher education institutions in Samarinda

This study aims to understand the experiences of sexual harassment victims in accessing counseling services at higher education institutions in Samarinda. The research addresses a gap in the literature, as most previous studies have focused more on the legal, sociological, and psychological aspects of sexual harassment but have not deeply explored the experiences of victims in accessing counseling services at the university level. This qualitative phenomenological research employed the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach. The participants consisted of four sexual harassment victims from two universities, one public and one religious-based institution. The findings of this study identified three main barriers. First, a lack of information regarding the counseling services available on campus led to delays in seeking help by the victims. Second, feelings of shame prevented victims from accessing counseling services as they were reluctant to share their traumatic experiences. This sense of shame was often exacerbated by fear of being blamed or perceived as overreacting by others, causing victims to keep their experiences to themselves. Third, the fear of social and academic stigma, including concerns about negative judgment from peers and lecturers, particularly if the perpetrator was a faculty member, became a significant obstacle for victims seeking help. Some victims even expressed concerns about the impact on their academic achievements if the incident became public. The study emphasizes the importance of policies that ensure easy access and clear information about counseling services, as well as efforts to reduce stigma, to encourage victims to seek help.

A Comparative Study of the Help-Seeking Behavior of Victims of Contact Sexual Violence and Image-Based Sexual Harassment and Abuse.

Sexual victimization may have serious consequences for victims' well-being. Thus, seeking support is encouraged and associated with positive outcomes. However, no research has compared the help-seeking behavior of victims of contact and image-based (i.e., noncontact) sexual violence. This study explores the differences in help-seeking behavior, and barriers to help-seeking, by comparing datasets from two online survey studies. The findings highlight that victims of contact sexual violence appear more likely to seek help, but also experience the barriers to help-seeking as greater. An exception is the minimization of the incident, which is experienced similarly by both. Future longitudinal research is recommended.

The Consequences and Reactions of Women Victims of Sexual Harassment in the Brazilian Organizations

The Consequences and Reactions of Women Victims of Sexual Harassment in the Brazilian Organizations

Pelecehan Seksual Terhadap Model Perempuan dalam Prespektif Hukum Islam (Studi Kasus di Banjarnegara)

This research aims to understand the phenomenon of sexual harassment against female models in Banjarnegara from the perspective of Islamic law and the Criminal Code. This research uses a qualitative research method with a case study research type. Research data was obtained through interviews with victims of sexual harassment, perpetrators of sexual harassment, victims' families, law enforcement officers, and community leaders in Banjarnegara. The research results show that sexual harassment against female models in Banjarnegara is a serious problem. Modes of sexual harassment that often occur include physical and verbal harassment. The factors behind the occurrence of sexual harassment are the perception that women are weak and powerless, patriarchal culture, and lack of law enforcement. Sanctions for sexual harassment according to Islamic law and the Criminal Code vary. In Islamic law, sexual harassment is included in the category of zina and is punishable by had. Meanwhile, in the Criminal Code, sexual harassment is regulated in Articles 281, 282, 283 and 285, with the threat of a maximum criminal penalty of two years and eight months or a maximum fine of IDR 4,500. This research recommends several steps to prevent sexual harassment against female models in Banjarnegara, including: Increasing education about gender equality and women's rights, Strengthening law enforcement against perpetrators of sexual harassment, Providing assistance and protection for victims of sexual harassment.

Female firefighters' experiences of discrimination and harassment: Implications for institutional gender policy

Women in uniformed professions, including firefighters, are at high risk of being victims of institutional discrimination and sexual harassment. The aim is to describe the occupational, social, and psycho-emotional experience of female firefighters in Chile in situations of discrimination and harassment in the organization and formulate guidelines for creating institutional gender policies. Data collection was carried out through three focus groups. Eleven female firefighters participated. The information obtained was analyzed through content analysis, forming four themes. Difficulties were identified in women doing their jobs as firefighters. Simultaneously, the presence of situations of gender discrimination and institutional sexual harassment were identified, which causes emotional exhaustion in female firefighters. Our results highlight the need for effective implementation and dissemination of institutional policies that protect female workers from abusive situations. Guidelines are proposed for the development of such institutional policies.

Representasi Pelecehan Seksual Terhadap Laki – Laki Dalam Film Dear David

This study aims to determine the representation of sexual harassment against men in the film Dear David which has a lot of teenage problems in it to find out the researchers used descriptive qualitative research methods with a semiotic analysis approach John Fiske model with three-level social codes, namely the level of reality, level of representation, level of ideology. Data collection by watching and observing several scenes to understand the content of the film, documentation and cutting several scenes of film images that represent representations of sexual harassment of men through literature studies, namely, collecting previous reference journals, websites, the internet, theses, and books related to this research. The results of this study indicate that the representation of sexual harassment against men is seen in the film Dear David with a general form of verbal and nonverbal and sexual fantasies as a trigger for sexual harassment, about sexual harassment against men who become a normal thing and masculinity in men with normal can be a material for sexual harassment as a joke that leads to coercive nonverbal harassment. This representation is intended to be informative regarding sexual harassment against men that is still considered normal and the patriarchal influence of society on men who still think that men cannot be victims of sexual harassment.

A Study on Crime against Scheduled Castes in Metropolitan Cities in India

The paper discussed crime against scheduled castes in metropolitan cities in India. It has found that higher incidences of crime against scheduled tribes identified in Lucknow, Kanpur, Jaipur and Bengaluru. On the other hand, least number of crimes are recorded in Coimbatore, Kochi, Chennai, Kozhikode and Surat. Incidences of murder, attempt to commit murder, assault on women with intent to outrage her modesty, assault on women above 18 years, and assault or use of criminal force on women with intent to disrobe crime are highest recorded in Bengaluru. Highest incidences of stalking crime are reported in Indore. Highest incidences and victims of sexual harassment, and insult to the modesty of women is reported in Hyderabad. Highest incidences and victims of simple hurt and grievous hurt are logged in Patna. Highest incidences of assault of children, rape, rape of women above 18 years, and attempt to commit rape are reported in Ahmedabad, Indore and Jaipur Kanpur has the highest incidences and victims of kidnapping and abduction against scheduled castes. Therefore, city corporations should implement policies and laws for minimizing crimes against scheduled castes and there should be proper awareness programs of such crimes.

Sexual revictimization by peers in school and organized activity contexts among adolescents: A 3-year longitudinal study.

Based on sexual revictimization theory, this study investigates the role of individual characteristics (e.g., depression and subjective well-being) and contextual factors (school and organized activities) in the development of sexual harassment revictimization among Swedish Grade 7 (46% girls; Mage = 14.09) adolescents who were followed over 3 consecutive years. The analytic sample comprises adolescents in the school context (T1 N = 678, T2 N = 563, and T3 N = 471) and in organized free-time activity contexts (T1 n = 443, T2 n = 400, and T3 n = 356). Our findings suggest that adolescents with experiences of sexual harassment victimization in Grade 7 were at an increased risk of being sexually revictimized the following 2 years across the two distinct developmental contexts. Further, our results reveal that adolescents are more sexually harassed by their peers in organized activity contexts both concurrently and over time if they were victims of sexual harassment in the school context and the other way around. The findings underscore the need for sexual harassment prevention interventions to consider different developmental contexts simultaneously and to focus on the history of adolescents' experiences of victimization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Impact on Spanish women of previous workplace victimization experiences of workplace sexual harassment on the responsibility to intervene as bystander: Mediating roles of myth acceptance and perceived severity

BackgroundBystander behaviors can be an important key for preventing all forms of violence against women. Identifying their facilitators and barriers becomes a priority. The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of the previous experiences of women (as sexual harassment victim or bystander) on their perceived responsibility to intervene as bystander in a case of workplace sexual harassment and to determine the possible mediating role of certain attitudinal and evaluative factors. MethodA non-probability convenience sample of 633 Spanish women answered a sociodemographic data questionnaire, a victimization questionnaire designed ad hoc, and the Questionnaire of Intention to Help in VAW Cases. ResultsThe results obtained indicate that previous victimization experiences as a victim or witness of sexual harassment impact the responsibility to intervene, mediated by the acceptance of sexual harassment myths and the perceived severity of workplace sexual harassment. ConclusionsThese results may help to understand how to design prevention programs and which key variables to incorporate.

Temporary Trust: Legal Cynicism, Protection, and the Paradox of Victim Participation in Justice

Victims in China, including sexual victims, often distrust legal institutions yet continue to seek protection from them. However, few studies have examined why and how this so-called paradox has emerged in the Chinese context. Drawing on including in-depth interviews with victims of sexual harassment, this study illuminates how sex victims persist in calling on the police and relying on legal authorities despite the widespread cynicism toward them. The analysis suggests that victims ultimately turn to legal agencies because they have fairly limited options for seeking justice in China, where the provision of victim services through non-state channels is severely inadequate. By temporarily turning to legal authorities, victims are at least made visible and heard by the state. Despite stigmatizing and burdensome experiences with the law, they participate in the justice system merely for recognition and tangible protection, leaving them with no “way out” and exacerbating their disadvantages in society.

"I Did Not Want to Make a Bigger Deal Out of It than It Was": A Mixed-Method Study on the Help-Seeking Behavior of Victims of Image-Based Sexual Harassment and Abuse.

Experiencing image-based sexual harassment and abuse (IBSHA), or the sending of unsolicited nude or sexual images and the nonconsensual taking, sharing, or threats to share nude or sexual images, may have severe consequences for victims' well-being. While seeking help may be beneficial, not every victim seeks help. Little research has been conducted on IBSHA victims' help-seeking behavior. Therefore, the present mixed-method study examined the help-seeking behavior of IBSHA victims, particularly the barriers and facilitators to seeking help. The study used data from an online survey (N = 163) and interviews (N = 6) among 12-to-25-year-old victims. The quantitative data indicated that the majority of victims disclosed the incident (72.8%), but only a third received help (34.4%). Help-seekers reported greater experienced barriers to help-seeking, when compared to non-help-seekers. The experienced barriers positively predicted victims' reported help-seeking behavior. From the qualitative data, four types of barriers were identified: (a) individual barriers (e.g., feelings of shame), (b) practical barriers (e.g., affordability of help), (c) interpersonal barriers (e.g., fear of negative reactions from one's social environment), and (d) sociocultural barriers (e.g., normalization of IBSHA). Moreover, two types of facilitators were identified: (a) individual facilitators (e.g., the impact of victimization) and (b) interpersonal facilitators (e.g., social support). This suggests victims experience multiple barriers, which altogether can influence their help-seeking behavior. As a help-seeking trajectory is complex and unique to the individual, victims may encounter multiple new hurdles along the way. This may explain why help-seekers reported more barriers. The findings and corresponding implications highlight the importance of providing education on IBSHA and help-seeking on various levels in society.

Joint trajectories of bullying victimization and sexual harassment victimization as predictors of adolescent alcohol use.

The present study examined the independent and joint effects of bullying victimization and sexual harassment victimization on adolescent alcohol use over time within a community sample of adolescents. Adolescents aged 13-15 years old at baseline (N = 800, Mage = 14.42, SD = 0.83; 57.5% female) recruited from Western New York State made five online survey reports of peer victimization and alcohol use over a 2-year period. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify trajectory classes of victimization from bullying and sexual harassment over time, and regression modeling was used to examine the associations with later alcohol use. Three developmental courses were identified for bullying victimization (moderate/decreasing, high/decreasing, never or low) and for sexual harassment victimization (moderate/decreasing, moderate/increasing, never or low). Adolescents in the moderate/decreasing group of bullying victimization subsequently consumed more alcoholic drinks when they drank. Belonging to the moderate/increasing group of sexual harassment was associated with increased later alcohol intoxication and number of drinks. Bullying victimization and sexual harassment victimization were concurrently correlated over time. Adolescents who followed the joint trajectory group of moderately decreasing bullying and increasing sexual harassment were more likely to report increased later alcohol intoxication and number of drinks. Moderate levels of bullying victimization along with increasing sexual harassment victimization are associated prospectively with greater alcohol use in adolescence. Findings highlight the importance of considering the cumulative, joint effects of multiple types of peer victimization on adolescent health outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Literature Riview: Pelecehan seksual Dilihat Dari Jenis Kelamin dan Gender, Traumatik, dan Hukum di Indonesia

This research aims to find out how sexual harassment exists in Indonesia. Judging from the first three aspects of sexual harassment based on sex, age and gender, the second is to see how the law in Indonesia deals with sexual harassment in Indonesia, the third is to see how far the trauma is deepened by victims of sexual harassment and how to overcome this trauma. This research uses the literture review method with the result that harassment in Indonesia in terms of gender is mostly experienced by women. In the discussion also mentioned the age of victims of sexual harassment from adolescents aged 14 years to adult women while based on gender in this study also mentioned men have also been victims of sexual harassment. Third, based on the existing law in Indonesia is still lacking because after the passing of the law on sexual harassment there has been no further action because it is still not socialised and implemented as the law on sexual violence in the Criminal Code

Sexual harassment as a gender inequality and a form of workplace discrimination: A South African perspective

Sexual harassment is not a new phenomenon in South Africa. The continued existence of sexual harassment in the workplace specifically targeted at female employees undermines the constitutional rights to equality, human dignity, privacy, physical and psychological integrity, and fair labour practices. Against this backdrop, this article examines the different contributory factors that exacerbate or provide an enabling environment for sexual harassment to persist namely; gender inequality, sexist attitudes, and inefficient grievance procedures. Using an in-depth analysis of literature scholarly works, government reports, and legislative frameworks aimed at preventing sexual harassment in the workplace, and the selected jurisprudence of the courts, this article scrutinises the phenomenon of sexual harassment as a gendered harm. It evaluates whether there are adequate measures aimed at assisting victims of sexual harassment and gender inequalities in South Africa. Finally, in its conclusion, the article argues that, for labour legislation to efficiently address the prevalence of sexual harassment it should adopt a threefold function namely to address sexual harassment as a form of an unfair labour practice, gender discrimination and psychosocial harm.

Objektifikasi Seksual terhadap Perempuan: Studi Kasus Ito Shiori, Haachu, dan Korban Pelecehan Lainnya di Jepang

This research is written to analyse one type of sexual harassment that occurs in society, which is sexual objectification, using interviews and personal information from Ito Shiori, the author of Black Box and several women who have voiced out in public or anonymously. The purpose of this research is to determine the types of sexual objectification which occur in daily life and to issue awareness to the readers on sexual objectification. This research uses the objectification theory which is rooted in radical-cultural feminism and is written using the descriptive-analysis method and literature studies, using data from books, journals and the internet. The result of this research is that the reader is able to find out sexual objectifications that occur in daily life based on existent cases and to open opportunities to protect victims of sexual harassment from similar behaviour while also preventing them from becoming perpetrators of sexual harassment