Road Traffic Accident Victims Research Articles

Histomorphological Spectrum of Lung Lesions in Medico- legal Autopsy in a Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Organ specific pathological changes seen during autopsy give a clear idea of the cause of death. Lungs are one of the most important vital organs in the human body. They are almost always involved in terminal events of cardiovascular diseases.Autopsy is important not only to know the state of lungs but also to study the morphology of various diseases.Various studies have demonstrated that,20-30% of sudden deaths are due to underlying pulmonary pathology. Aims and objectives: The significance of this study is to highlight the spectrum of histomorphological features of lung lesions in medico-legal autopsies irrespective of cause of death. Material and Methods:This was a retrospectivestudy Medico legal autopsies over a period of 5 years carried out in the Department of Pathology in coordination with the Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences. Standard protocols are used for gross and histopathology processing. Results: After thorough histopathological examination, of total 100 cases, various lesions were identified in 93 cases, in 7 cases tissue was autolyzed. Majority cases seen in the age group of 20-40yrs with male predominance. The most common cause of death was Road Traffic Accident (RTA) and majority victims were males. The commonly observed pathological features congestion and oedema(44.4%), Pneumonia(26.8%),CVC(22.2%) tuberculosis(9.6%) and ARDS(6.6%). Conclusion: The present study observed and documented histomorphological spectrum of lung lesions in medico-legal autopsies and highlighted various pathological conditions which are either direct or indirect cause of death. This study emphasizes that spectrum of histopathological changes in lungs of autopsy cases irrespective of cause of death and highlights some incidental interesting findings in lungs.

Treatment Gap in Mental Health Care for Victims of Road Traffic Accidents.

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are among the most frequent negative life-events. About one in five RTA survivors is susceptible to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Knowledge about needs for, and usage of, mental health services (MHSs) may improve options for care for RTA victims. The current study aimed to assess rates of victims using different MHSs, including psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and support groups, and to explore correlates of needs for and use of these MHSs. Further, we aimed to estimate the treatment gap in post-RTA care, defined as including people with probable PTSD who did not use MHSs and people wanting but not getting help from MHSs. Dutch victims of nonlethal RTAs (N = 259) completed self-report measures on needs for and use of MHSs and PTSD. Results showed that 26% of participants had utilized care from psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy or support groups. Among people with probable PTSD, this was 56%. Increased posttraumatic stress was the strongest correlate of MHS use. Forty-eight participants (17.8%) had an unmet care need and represented the treatment gap. Commonly reported reasons and barriers preventing MHS use were perceptions that problems were limited or would disappear without care and financial worries. Regarding possible future care, participants reported a preference for face-to-face (over online) help from a psychologist (over other professionals). The treatment gap for Dutch RTA victims may be limited. However, a significant number of RTA victims need care but do not obtain this care. Care options may be improved by reducing practical barriers to MHSs and increasing mental health literacy and acceptability of different forms of care (besides face-to-face care).

Associated factors with intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality among road traffic accident victims in southern Iran: results from a trauma registry

Objective: Road traffic crashes are a significant health problem worldwide, causing injury, disability, and death. This study aims to identify associated factors with intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality among road traffic accident victims using data from a trauma registry.
 
 Methods: This descriptive study examined 368 road traffic accident patients in the national trauma registry system from March 2021 to March 2023. Following the objectives of the study, a checklist was created that included information on age, gender, marital status, level of education, injury severity score (ISS), Glasgow coma scale (GCS), and abbreviated injury scale (AIS). The factors associated with ICU admission and mortality among road traffic accident victims were found significant according to univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses results.
 Results: 87.8% of the 368 patients included in this study were men, with a mean age of 33.54±18.95 years. Ten patients (2.71%) of total died, and 46 (12.5%) needed to be admitted to the ICU. In-hospital mortality and gender were not significantly associated (P=0.081). However, univariate logistic regression revealed several factors significantly associated with in-hospital mortality, including GCS<8 (OR: 60.05, 95% CI: 11.67,309), ISS>16 (OR: 11.39, 95% CI: 2.67,48.55), ICU admission (OR: 5,01, 95% CI: 1.36,18.50), underwent surgery (OR: 0.055, 95% CI: 0.014,0.223), respiratory rate (OR: 0.726, 95% CI: 0.630,0.836), O2 saturation (OR: 0.906, 95% CI: 00.852,0.963), systolic blood pressure (OR: 0.910, 95% CI:0.865,0.957) and temperature (OR: 0.932, 95% CI: 00.891,0.975). Furthermore, the odds of ICU admission was found to be increased with an ISS>16 (OR: 2072.12, 95% CI: 17.29,50644.09), being a pedestrian (OR: 366.53, 95% CI: 31.44,389.85), GCS<8 on admission (OR: 87.64, 95% CI: 29.04,264.43), smoking (OR: 11.92, 95% CI: 1.45,97.64), drug usage before the accident (OR: 11.47, 95% CI: 7.09,18.56), being a motorcyclist (OR: 5.72, 95% CI: 1.06,29.22), age (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05,1.34) and the time duration between the event and admission (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.003,1.02).
 
 Conclusion: This study underscores the critical role of timely and effective medical interventions, including surgical procedures, in improving the outcomes of road accident victims. It also highlights the need for targeted preventive measures and interventions for high-risk groups pedestrians and motorcyclists.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Pattern of Thoraco-abdominal Injuries in Victims of Fatal Road Traffic Accidents

Background: Road traffic accidents are preventable public health issues and are becoming more common. These accidents can be linked to a number of factors, including an increase in the number of vehicles on the roads, changes in daily life, a nasty habit of breaking traffic laws, anarchic traffic systems, and risky driving practices. Thoraco-abdominal injury in different forms is one of the major causes of mortality in the victims of fatal road traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to know the pattern of thoraco-abdominal injuries in victims of fatal road traffic accident cases. Material & Method: The present study was conducted at the tertiary healthcare centre in southern Haryana. Total of 75 cases of fatal road traffic accident cases were enrolled during one year of study period. The basic information about the deceased like age, gender, mode of travel of the victim was obtained from investigating officer narration and inquest papers. During autopsy, detailed examination of injuries was carried out and the autopsy findings were recorded and analyzed. Results: It was observed that out of 75 cases male outnumbered females in ratio 5.25:1. Majority of the victims belonged to the age group 21-30 years. The commonest injury of the thoracic region was rib fracture (41.3%). It was also observed that 17.3% of victims had pelvic fracture. Conclusion: Human error is a major contributing factor to fatal RTAs, which can be avoided in many cases. A more stringent licensing policy, particularly for four-wheelers, increased knowledge of traffic laws, the reduction of drug abuse and an appropriate road network that is in line with traffic volume can help to reduce the number of fatal road traffic accidents.

Selecting and justifying prognostic criteria to assessing the severity of condition during traumatic illness in combined chest and abdominal trauma after acute traffic accidents

Relevance. Improving prognostic criteria to assess the severity of combined chest and abdominal trauma is urgently needed to justify the scope of intensive care in victims of road accidents during acute traumatic illness.Objective. The objective of the study is to improve the results of treatment during acute traumatic illness in combined chest and abdominal trauma after road accidents, as well as to enhance efficiency of prognostic criteria for severity assessment.Methods. A single-center retrospective and prospective controlled clinical study was conducted in 1400 victims who were treated at the N.S. Karpovich Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Clinical Hospital of Emergency Care Medicine from 2012 to 2022 and were diagnosed with isolated or combined chest and abdominal trauma. To assess the severity of injury and perform triage, the specific method of severity assessment in combined trauma after road traffic accidents was used, which was developed by the research team of the Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University.Results and discussion. A detailed analysis of the indicators applied to patients of different severity showed that mild and moderate chest and abdomen injuries led to changes in hemodynamic parameters within the physiological norm. The injury in question did not cause consciousness or respiratory disorders in victims of road traffic accidents. Severe injuries led to the development of shock and respiratory failure, in combination with depression of consciousness. In order to compare across different condition severity degrees evaluated by physiological indicators, respective medians and dispersion measures were analyzed for each group. The analysis allowed to assess exacerbated severity of condition in our patients. This procedure requires further adjustment to pre-hospital emergency medical care.Conclusion. The performed statistical analysis allowed to assess the efficiency of severity assessment in victims of road accidents in prehospital setting.

Hemoperitoneum Quantification in Non-contrast CT: Evaluating Feasibility with the Novel HUVAO Segmentation Algorithm

Abstract Background Injuries involving substantial bleeding, frequently encountered in victims of road traffic accidents, pose a significant risk to mortality. For abdominal trauma cases, accurately assessing internal bleeding and hematomas becomes crucial. Detecting hemoperitoneum, which indicates both blood loss and organ damage in the abdominal cavity, requires precise evaluation. Timely diagnosis and quantification of hemoperitoneum following road accidents are crucial during the critical golden hour, enabling prioritized medical intervention and potentially saving lives while enhancing overall patient care. However, achieving precise hemoperitoneum quantification in abdominal trauma faces challenges due to the intricate nature of overlapping Hounsfield unit (HU) regions. Methods In this feasibility study, we sought to assess the efficacy of the novel HUVAO (Hounsfield Unit-based Volume quantification of Asymmetrical Objects) segmentation algorithm for quantifying hemoperitoneum in thoracoabdominal non-contrast computed tomography (CT) images. Using 28 retrospective non-contrast CT scans of thoracoabdominal regions from trauma patients, we analyzed crucial imaging data without necessitating additional scans or contrast-enhanced procedures. The study aimed to compare HUVAO against classical algorithms and visual estimations by trained radiologists for hemoperitoneum segmentation in thoracoabdominal non-contrast CT images. Results Our findings revealed that although the technical feasibility of employing HUVAO and other segmentation algorithms for hemoperitoneum quantification is evident, the outcomes derived from these algorithms display notable discrepancies. Conclusion In assessing technical feasibility, we introduced the HUVAO segmentation algorithm for hemoperitoneum quantification, comparing its performance against classical segmentation algorithms and visual estimations from trained radiologists. While our results affirm the technical feasibility of HUVAO for this purpose, the observed variations underscore the task's inherent complexity. This emphasizes the limitations of relying solely on HU-based detection, advocating for integration with clinical data. This insight urges exploration of advanced techniques to boost accuracy and elevate patient care standards.

Disability provokes poverty and vice versa, a review of the relationship

Abstract: Millions of people all over the world are affected by disability arising out of accident, disease, or congenital. This is a crucial health issue for mankind and needs structured treatment and rehabilitation plans. Prevalence and management capacity of disability have wide cross-cultural and geographical variations. Despite the lack of specific data there are reasons to believe that third-world countries have more disabilities and fewer resources and capacity for rehabilitation. So, there is a strong relationship between poverty and disability. Marginalized populations, disadvantaged or at-risk populations such as women, older people, and people who are poor are inappropriately affected by disability. Children from poverty-stricken families, indigenous populations, and ethnic minority groups are significantly at higher risk of experiencing disability. There is a higher prevalence of disability in lower-income countries than in higher-income countries. Poor people from lower-income countries are usually involved in high-risk jobs which make them vulnerable to injury and disability. Because of exaggerated life stress, poor health status, and poor living conditions due to poverty, people at low resource outset are more vulnerable to disease and disability. Of inadequate support from affluent persons as well as from the government, they spend their last savings to meet the treatment costs and get poorer. They are also common victims of road traffic accidents when they travel on risky roads and vehicles. There are many other shreds of evidence for a link between disability and poverty in low and middle-income countries and there is an urgent need for further research and policy action to break the cycle. This review article intends to find out the relationship between poverty and disability and reveals how poverty influences suffering disability and vice versa. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2024; 42: 63-67

Child Victims of Road Traffic Accidents: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects in the Medical and Surgical Emergency Department of the Donka National Hospital

Child Victims of Road Traffic Accidents: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects in the Medical and Surgical Emergency Department of the Donka National Hospital

Пример клинического случая оказания экстренной медицинской помощи больному с тяжелой сочетанной травмой

Abstract. We consider a case of providing emergency medical care to a patient with a concomitant injury as a result of a traffic accident. Purpose of the research: to consider a clinical case report of effective emergency medical care to a victim with severe concomitant injury. We describe main aspects of diagnosing this kind of patients, the difficulties of providing care to patients with concomitant injury and the treatment results. Materials and methods. This research uses materials from the medical documentation of the trauma department of Archbishop Luke Tambov City Clinical Hospital. Results. Effective treatment of such injuries and a favorable outcome, as a rule, is possible only in a multidisciplinary medical institution, since it is in this type of medical organizations it is possible to obtain all the necessary instrumental and laboratory diagnostics of the injuries, there are also many specialists in various fields, which allows to competently organize the correct surgical tactics, develop a treatment plan, prescribe all the necessary infusion therapy to eliminate the resulting hypovolemia, and in the event of shock – anti-shock therapy to eliminate the patient’s unstable hemodynamics as quickly as possible, in case of development or progression of respiratory failure – establish respiratory support with the possibility of transferring the patient to artificial lung ventilation, in the case of prolonged artificial lung ventilation – a tracheostomy, and of course, adequate pain relief for the pain syndrome that accompanies absolutely every case of concomitant injury. All this together is aimed at stabilizing the patient’s condition, preventing possible complications, and if they occur, their timely identification and elimination, carrying out further rehabilitation to return the patient to a full life. Conclusions: the annual increase in the number of road accidents and the development of severe injuries in connection with this requires the further development of various types of diagnostics, indicates the need to ensure the availability of CT examinations, MRI machines, the development of traumatology, surgery and neurosurgery, which ultimately will favorably contribute to timely diagnosis and effective treatment of life-threatening conditions that occur in victims of road traffic accidents.

Characteristics and outcome of road traffic accidents in Erbil: A prospective hospital-based study

Background and objective: Internationally, the eighth leading cause of death among young males is attributed to road accidents, as yearly a million and three-quarters of people die which became a series public of health concerns in developing countries. This study aimed at determining the pattern and outcomes of hospitalized road traffic accidents in Erbil city. Methods: This prospective hospital-based study was conducted from March 2020 to February 2021, at RozhHalat and RozhAwa Emergency governmental hospitals in Erbil, Iraq. Data was collected for one complete year and the admitted cases in the year had been included. Which was composed of 2225 road traffic accident victims. A specially designed questionnaire was used to collect the data using direct face-to-face interviews. Results: 2225 victims were obtained in both Emergency hospitals 1835 (82.5%) of them were males, 390 (17.5%) were females, and the mean age±SD was (24.7±15.1) years old. The death rate from road traffic accidents was 250 (18%). Nearly one-third of 689 (31%) of victims were at aged (20-29), the highest pattern rate of 1221 (54.9%) was among drivers, and on motorcycles 883 (39.7%) had the highest reported victims rate, occurred at rush hours (5-7 pm). During Summer season 681 (30.6%), at daylights 1608 (72.3%). With P <0.001, a significant association was reported between back injuries, speeding, pedestrians, alcoholics, seatbelts/helmets, rapidity, and night shift of street accidents and the outcomes. Conclusion: Human behavior is significantly related to the high incidence of road injuries and deaths. Road accidents have resulted in a major public health problem. A new strategy to reduce the incidence of this problem is essential.

Дорожно-транспортные происшествия и этапное оказание медицинской помощи пострадавшим, на примере Омской области

Summary. The objectives of the study are to summarize the data on road traffic injuries (RTI) as a result of road traffic accidents (RTA), to systematize the published data on the provision of medical care to victims of road traffic accidents and to study the regional features of road traffic accidents on the example of the Omsk region. Materials and research methods. Materials of the study were statistical data on the number of road accidents, the number of victims in road accidents and other statistical data on road traffic injuries in the Omsk region and the Russian Federation as a whole. Research methods were statistical and analytical. Results of the study and their analysis. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and official statistical data for 2015-2022 it was revealed that in the Russian Federation and its regions the problem of road traffic injuries does not lose its relevance — the number of deaths and injuries in road accidents remains high. At the same time, the measures taken make it possible to reduce the number of road accidents and the level of road traffic injuries, as a result of which there is a steady decrease in the number of people killed and injured in road accidents. In improving the organization of medical care for road traffic accident victims, special attention should be paid to medical care for children. The prospective direction of improvement of rendering specialized medical aid to victims of road traffic accidents is optimization of the system of medical aid at all stages of medical evacuation of victims from the place of road traffic accident taking into account the peculiarities of children’s road traffic traumatism.

PATTERNS OF FACIAL INJURIES IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: A REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, MECHANISMS, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR INJURY PREVENTION

This review article critically examines the multifaceted landscape of facial injuries resulting from road traffic accidents (RTAs). We systematically analyze the epidemiological aspects, investigating the prevalence, distribution, and demographic variations of facial injuries observed in RTA victims. Additionally, we explore the diverse mechanisms underlying these injuries, ranging from impact forces to vehicular collision dynamics. The comprehensive synthesis of available literature sheds light on the specific patterns of facial trauma arising from different types of accidents, such as collisions, pedestrians struck by vehicles, and motorcycle accidents. By elucidating the unique injury profiles associated with these scenarios, we aim to provide a nuanced understanding of the complexities involved in facial injury causation during RTAs. In addressing the broader implications for injury prevention, we discuss current interventions and their effectiveness in mitigating facial injuries. This involves an examination of protective measures, such as helmets, airbags, and advancements in vehicle safety technology, along with an assessment of their impact on reducing the severity and frequency of facial trauma. Furthermore, this review emphasizes the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration between medical professionals, traffic safety experts, and policymakers. Through a collective effort, we can enhance preventive strategies, improve emergency response protocols, and enact policy measures aimed at reducing the burden of facial injuries resulting from RTAs. In summary, this abstract provides a glimpse into the intricate exploration of facial injuries in the context of road traffic accidents. By amalgamating epidemiological insights, mechanistic understanding, and discussions on injury prevention, this review contributes to a holistic comprehension of the challenges and opportunities in addressing facial trauma arising from RTAs.

Pattern, Severity and Outcome of Injuries Sustained in Road Traffic Accidents: A Tertiary Care Hospital-Based Study

Introduction:Road Expansion and motorization, in the country has been accompanied by a rise in road accidents leading to road traffic injuries (RTIs). Today RTIs are one of the leading causes of deaths, disabilities, and hospitalizations with severe socioeconomic costs across the world. The aim of the study is to determine the pattern, severity and outcome of injuries amongst road traffic accident victims. Materials & Methods: An observational study was carried out at casualty department of Cumilla Medical College Hospital, from April 2020 to September 2020. Total 192 patients following RTIs were included in this study. After history taking, clinical examination and collection of investigation reports, data was analyzed by using SPSS-23. Results: Out of 192 patients, 33.3% of the patients belonged to age group 21-30 years, 71.4% were male. More than two third (67.2%) patients accident took place in high way and 62 (32.8%) in other areas. According to pattern of victims 111(57.8%) patients was found in pedestrian of victims, 48(25.0%) in driver and 33(17.2%) in passenger. In injury severity score, 98(51.0%) patients were found minor injuries followed by 57(29.7%) moderate, 22(11.5%) serious and 15(7.8%) severe injuries. Ninety (46.9%) patients were found transfer for definitive care followed by 52(27.1%) discharge after Rx, 30(15.6%) wound infection, 18(9.4%) referred to higher center and 2(1.0%) death. Conclusion: The present study shows that fatal accidents mainly affected the young adults in productive age groups and pedestrians. Highways were most commonly affected location. Most of the accidents caused by motorized vehicles. Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(2): 109-113

Factors Associated with Road Traffic Accidents in Kathmandu, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a leading and disproportionately prevalent cause of mortality and disability, particularly burdening Nepal, primarily within the Kathmandu Valley.
 Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 22nd and April 24th, 2021, involving 185 victims admitted to the emergency department of a private hospital. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling, and data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Socio-demographic characteristics, human factors, and environmental factors data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and all statistical tests were conducted using SPSS version 20.
 Results: Among the 185 RTA victims, the majority (36.8%) fell within the 21-30 age groups. Male victims (55.7%) outnumbered females (44.3%). Students (36.8%) experienced the highest accident rates, with most incidents (21.1%) occurring on Saturdays and 38.4% taking place between 12:00pm and 6:00pm.
 Human Factors and RTA: Of the total victims, 80 (43.2%) were drivers, with 43.75% of them reporting the use of emergency brakes. Furthermore, 77.61% indicated that accidents were caused by pedestrians not using zebra crossings when crossing the road.
 Environmental Factors and RTA: Rainy weather was associated with the highest number of accidents, accounting for 36.2% of cases. Additionally, narrow routes (28.6%) and slippery roads (25.9%) contributed to a significant number of accidents.
 Conclusion: Nepal faces a high rate of road traffic accidents, with critical factors including victim age, vehicle types, speed, road and weather conditions, and traffic rule violations. Authorities must consider these factors to effectively control and prevent RTAs.

Traffic injury as a medical and sanitary consequence of a man-made emergency in Ukraine. Report one: clinical and epidemiological characteristics

Background. Road traffic injuries remain one of the main causes of death in Ukraine even during the war. The Code of Civil Protection of Ukraine (Article 2, Clause 6) recognizes a traffic accident as a type of emergency. The purpose of the study: to form a comprehensive characterization of a traffic injury as a medical and sanitary consequence of a man-made emergency. Materials and methods. Typical territorial formations of Ukraine, namely cities with a population of more than 1,000,000 people, a typical regional center and rural areas, were included in the general research model. These components were chosen in compliance with the law of large numbers, regarding the requirements of typicality and the scope of the study. To meet these requirements, we selected a total of 1,696 victims of road traffic accidents who were included in the research array from the array of 21,000 victims using the random number method, while maintaining the component proportionality criterion. This study was conducted using the methods of epidemiological natural modeling, formal logic, fractal analysis, clinical standardization and medical statistics. Results. The specific weight of men injured in road accidents is 66.86 %, which is twice the number of women injured in road accidents. A significant effect of gender on the survival rate of victims was found: men survive in 88.71 %, and women in 91.99 % of cases. In the general array, majority of patients are persons of the most working age — 21–50 years old (63.33 %). In general, there is a tendency to decrease the specific weight of road accident victims starting from the age of 21, as the age factor increases. The highest rate of survival was recorded in the group of 21–30 years — 93.81 %, and the lowest — in people over 71 years of age — 75.27 %. Pedestrians have the largest specific weight in the total array, almost 40 %, and passengers have the lowest one — 24.65 %. In general, active road users make up 75.35 % of the total number. In the array of drivers who died, the specific weight of men is 90.32 %, and the fatality rate is 5.32 %. At the same time, the mortality rate for women is 3.95 %. The specific gravity of deceased male pedestrians is 70.64 %, while the fatality rate is 18.16 %, and among women this rate is 12.75 %. In all age groups, there is a different nature of the distribution of the negative outcome of traumatic process based on participation in the movement. At the same time, in all age groups, most victims who died are pedestrians. It was found that the age has a significant influence on the occurrence of a fatal outcome in traffic participants, with its greatest influence in victims older than 50 years. Conclusions. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of victims of road accidents in Ukraine, as a medical and sanitary consequence of a man-made emergency, indicates that road traffic injuries are a significant medical and social problem in our country. This is due to the fact that they predominantly affect the most economically active segment of the population, which contributes significantly to the national product. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of road traffic injuries in Ukraine have certain aspects, unlike other countries of the world, as a reflection of the peculiarities of life of population in our country. All clinical and epidemiological signs are risk-creating factors for the occurrence of a negative outcome of traumatic process due to the presence of a probable influence on this result and require verification of risks.

Road traffic accidents presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in North-East India: A cross-sectional study

Road traffic accidents (RTA) are one of the most common cases brought to a hospital daily. The severity of the situation is not known to most of the masses. It has a high chance of mortality and high disabling capacity due to injuries to the main vital parts of the body.: A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyse the pattern of road traffic accidents as regards the type of victims, offending vehicle, place & time of occurrence, type of injuries sustained, fatality among the RTA victims admitted in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in North-East India during January 2021-June 2022.A total of 1002 RTA cases were reviewed, and it was found that most of the RTA (76.3%) were males and 32.7% of the cases belonged to the age group of 21-30 years, followed by the age group of 31-40 years (20.5%). RTAs commonly occurred between 12:01 p.m-6 p.m.; the offending vehicles were 4-wheelers (38%) followed by 2-wheelers (36.4%). Most of the victims were 2-wheeler riders (62.2%) followed by pedestrians (16.8%); the head & face were most affected body parts (42.2%) followed by lower limbs (30.6%) and Imphal West was the most common place of occurrence (48.8%).With the increasing use of motor vehicles, the number of road traffic accidents is rising. It is important to find a pattern of these cases in this part of the country so that we can prevent such unfortunate and unnatural deaths.

Результаты работы регионального регистра медико-санитарных последствий дорожно-транспортных происшествий, на примере Ненецкого автономного округа

Summary. The aim of the study is to analyze the results of the work of the regional register of medical and sanitary consequences of road traffic accidents (RTA) in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO) in 2021 – the first half of 2023. Materials and research methods. Materials of the study are data from the register of medical and sanitary consequences of road traffic accidents in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, formed on the basis of information extracted from medical records of patients (f.003/u), admitted after road traffic accidents on urgent indications to the Nenets District Hospital named after R.I.Batmanova. Quantitative and categorical variables were used for statistical analysis. Statistical processing of data was performed using the package of applied statistical programs STATA ver. 12. Results of the study and their analysis. Characteristics of the group of victims of road traffic accidents, circumstances of their injuries, medical care of victims in pre-hospital and hospital periods are presented. Based on the results of the regional register of medical and sanitary consequences of road traffic accidents, organizational solutions aimed at improving the provision of medical care to victims of road traffic accidents in the region are proposed.

A cross-sectional study of road traffic accident victims at a tertiary care teaching hospital at Gwalior city in Madhya Pradesh of Central India

Background: Road crash deaths in India, which were the highest in the world, are a burden on its demographic dividend and have a tangible impact on poverty. Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the sociodemographic characteristics, type of vehicle, types of road, primary treatment, and safety measures adopted by the victims of road traffic accidents (RTA). Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at Trauma Center, Madhav Dispensary, J.A. Group of Hospitals Gwalior, M.P. on 528 Victims of RTA between the period of January 01, 2020, and June 30, 2021. The descriptive statistical measures such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage were used. The data analysis was done in Microsoft Excel Software. Results: In the present study, a total of 528 RTA victims were enquired. Their average age was 33.02±13.31 years, with 81.8% were male and 18.2% were female. Most of the victims (67.80%) were on two-wheeler vehicles. About half of the victims were found to have Head on Collision during accidents. The accidents mostly occurred in the time period from 9.00 am to 9.00 pm. It was observed that 65.90% RTA victims had soft-tissue injury and bony injury. Conclusion: It was vital to obtain valid information of the real importance of RTA along with the preventive action concerning RTAs. It was recommended to provide the basic treatment to victims related with RTA at Primary Care Center of the nearest accident place.

Untapped potential of commercial drivers in providing post-crash care to road traffic accident victims: A cross-sectional study from fast urbanizing city of Jodhpur, India.

Most road traffic accident (RTA) deaths occur before victim reaches a definitive trauma care facility. The aim of the study was to determine the role of commercial drivers toward providing post-crash care to RTA victims in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. This cross-sectional study assessed the role of commercial auto-rickshaw and cab drivers for providing post-crash care in urban Jodhpur during 2019-2020. Eligible participants volunteering for the study were included from taxi and auto stands in urban Jodhpur. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered by a trained interviewer. Data analysis was done using SPSS v23.0. Summary measures in terms of frequencies, means, and range are reported. Chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, and Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis were done for statistical associations. Two hundred male participants completed the study with a mean age of 37.74 (8.96) years having an average work experience as commercial drivers of more than 10 years. Over 70% of participants witnessed RTA in the past year and 52% provided care to victims. The knowledge of post-crash care was most affected by their education level (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.778, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.958, 3.301), whereas the intended post-crash care practices were significantly better among participants with previous training (aOR: 15.376, 95% CI: 2.149, 110.017). The current study establishes the role of commercial drivers as first responders at accident sites in the fast urbanizing city of Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Systematic capacity building initiatives of commercial drivers to salvage RTA victims have potential to strengthen pre-hospital trauma care continuum in non-metro districts of India experiencing high burden of accidents.

A medico legal study on road traffic accident victims of 100 cases

A medico legal study on road traffic accident victims of 100 cases