Victims Of Industrial Accidents Research Articles

INJURIES IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT AND WAYS OF REDUCING THE INDUSTRIAL DANGERS IMPACT

The article deals with the problem of the labour protection state in railway transport. The transport sector, in particular the railway, is one of the main country's activity spheres, which significantly affects the level of its social and economic development. The analysis of statistical data shows that the transport industry is one of the leaders in the most trauma-hazardous human activity spheres. Thus, the analysis of injury rates and factors determining the professional reliability of locomotive crews, and the scientific substantiation of measures set aimed at preserving the health of railway transport workers and ensuring the safety of railway transport, are urgent and essential tasks. The article's purpose is a comprehensive analysis of the injury's actual state in railway transport. In the work, it is established that during the performance of their duties, railway transport employees are affected by physical, chemical and biological harmful production factors. The work is carried out under the influence of psychophysiological factors caused by the severity and intensity of the labour process in conditions of hydrodynamic and fixed working posture. It was determined that the influence of adverse factors complex leads to disruption of the cardiovascular, central nervous and endocrine systems activity. The authors assessed the actual state of industrial and non-industrial injuries in railway transport. It has been established that the number of industrial accident victims has been gradually increasing in recent years. This indicates the need to develop and implement in practice a set of measures to improve the working conditions of mainline locomotive crews. It is noted that the key areas of measures to preserve the health and professional capacity of railway transport workers are the improvement of regulatory and legal support, socio-economic motivation of workers, and organizational-technological and sanitary-medical measures. Keywords: injury, accident, railway transport, labour protection.

Development of an economic and mathematical model of cost allocation for preventive measures for oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation

Oil and gas industry occupies a significant place in the economy of the Russian Federation its share in GDP in 2021 was 17.4%. The trouble-free operation of oil and gas industry enterprises allows the stable development of this industry in particular and the economy of the state as a whole. Mining is associated with many risks general, inherent in any economic entity, and private, reflecting the specifics of the industry. Common risks include market, currency, natural, political and others. The risks inherent in the oil and gas sector are associated with the peculiarities of the production process, a high proportion of workers employed in production with harmful factors, accidents and injured workers, and harmful emissions. The object of the study is PJSC Gazprom, the largest gas supplier in the Russian Federation. The article considers such risk indicators as the number of accidents, the number of victims of industrial accidents, the volume of wastewater discharge into surface water bodies. These indicators are analyzed for the period from 2011 to 2021. A decreasing trend of these risk indicators, accompanied by fluctuations, is revealed. The cost of risk reduction measures was also analyzed: the cost of industrial safety, the cost of labor protection, the cost of environmental protection for PJSC Gazprom for the period from 2011 to 2021. Costs, in contrast to the considered risk indicators, do not have a definite trend. A model of the relationship between production volume, risk indicators and risk reduction costs has been developed. On the basis of the developed model, the problem of minimizing the total costs under regulatory restrictions on risk indicators is formulated. Separate functions have been developed that reflect the relationship between the number of accidents and the cost of industrial safety, the number of victims of accidents and the cost of labor protection, wastewater discharge and environmental protection costs. The presented models can be used by specialists of PJSC Gazprom when developing a risk management strategy, as well as by risk managers of other oil and gas enterprises after adjusting the parameters of the models taking into account the specifics of an individual enterprise.

2020년 산업재해로 발생한 재해자의 특성요인 분석을 통한 산업재해저감방안 도출

Objective: This study aims to provide foundation data to prevent industrial accidents by extracting insights from the analysis of the Characteristics of the victims of Industrial Accidents in 2020.BRBRBackground: South Korea faced various industrial accident occurrences and the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) conducts an industrial accident survey every year to produce statistical data related to various industrial accidents. However, since the report is mainly composed of descriptive statistical analysis and provided, it is difficult to conduct an in-depth analysis to prevent industrial accidents. In order to prevent industrial accidents, not only a basic analysis of industrial accidents but also a detailed analysis of the victims of the industrial accidents is required. Therefore, this study intends to provide basic data for the prevention of industrial accidents in the future by analyzing the characteristics of the victims of industrial accidents based on the 2020 Industrial Accident Report.BRBRMethod: To analyze the data from the Industrial Accident Cause Investigation Report in 2020 of KOSHA, the cross-tabulation analysis by the Pearson

Analysis of loss of professional employment and ability to perform labor activities in sufficiated

BACKGROUND: In medical and social expertise, to determine the degree of loss of professional working capacity and disability to victims of industrial accidents and occupational diseases, it is of fundamental importance to assess the possibility of continuing professional activity and the ability to work.
 AIMS: To study the structure and dynamics of determining the degree of loss of professional ability to work, the dynamics of disability and the structure of disability groups, the structure of nosological forms among the victims.
 MATERIALS AND METODS: The results of the medical and social examination in the FGI The Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Novosibirsk region for the period 20132020 have been studied among 1528 victims of industrial accidents and occupational diseases. Of these, the loss of professional ability to work of varying degrees was established by 96.6% of the victims, disability with limited ability to work ― 36.2% of the victims.
 RESULTS: The largest share (62.5%) was made up of victims with a loss of professional working capacity from 10 to 30 percent. Among the victims with disabilities, the largest proportion (75.2%) were disabled persons of the third group with limited ability to perform labor activities of the 1st degree. The dynamics of establishing the degree of loss of professional ability to work and disability with limited ability to perform labor activity in the study period was characterized by an increase to a maximum value in 2014, followed by an intermittent decrease to a minimum value in 2020. production and disability with limited ability to perform work activities, the largest number of persons with the consequences of injuries of the upper limb, the consequences of injuries of the lower limb and the consequences of spinal injuries. Among those injured as a result of occupational diseases, persons with sensorineural hearing loss, vibration disease and lung diseases prevailed. Disability with limited ability to perform work activities among victims of occupational diseases in the overwhelming majority of cases was established in persons with sensorineural hearing loss and lung diseases.
 CONCLUSION: The decrease in the ability to perform professional activities and the limitation of the ability to perform work activities were more pronounced among victims of industrial accidents than among those injured as a result of occupational diseases.

Socio Demographic Profile and Pattern of Injuries Due to Workplace Accidents in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Kancheepuram District

Workplace (occupational) injuries pose major public health and socioeconomic developmental issueleading to mental and physical disability. However, efforts towards investigation of determinants amongfactory workers are very minimal in developing countries. Thus, this study aimed at evaluation of the Sociodemographic profile, identify determinants and pattern of occupational injury among victims of industrialaccidents was undertaken. This retrospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years in a Tertiary carecentre at Kancheepuram district. Total of 4693 work place accident cases visited the hospital (OP and IP)between January 2018 to December 2019. On statistical analysis, Male preponderance was noted and 3/4thof the study population belonged to age group of 20-40 years. Most of accidents 2815 (59.98%) took placein semi urban area and 1549 (33.01%) victims occurred in the Urban locality. 44.13% of the cases (2071)occurred in the summer season. 36% of the events were seen between 12 Noon to 6 PM. It was noted thatabrasion was the commonest injury noted (69%, 3238) and the least common were burns injury (12%, 563).Upper limb injuries were noted in almost 3/4th of the cases (3426) and intracranial haemorrhages wereobserved in 55 cases. Only 1/3rd of the cases used protective gear during the incident. Lack of effectivetraining, sleeping disturbance, and job stress increased the risk of occupational injury. Hence, providinghealth and safety education with importance given to the younger male workers, reducing stressors, andoffering sleep health education were recommended.

АНАЛИЗ НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОЙ БАЗЫ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ МЕДИКО-СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЭКСПЕРТИЗЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ (COVID-19)

The article analyzes regulatory framework governing performance of medical and social expertise (MSE) facilities in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The paper uses methods of copying information from primary and reporting medical documents and logical analysis of regulatory documents. In the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, activities of MSE facilities are guided by the Temporal procedure for examination. The Procedure guides establishment of disability, development of rehabilitation or habilitation programs for the disabled (disabled children), as well as determination of the degree of loss of professional ability to work as a result of industrial accidents and occupational diseases, and development of rehabilitation programs for victims of industrial accidents and patients with occupational diseases. The examination is carried out in absentia, without presence in person. Also, the Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 979n dated 12/30/2020 approved the "Procedure for organization and performance of federal institutions of medical and social expertise", stipulating the rules, sequence and timing of the provision of MSE services to the citizens. The Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 106n dated 05.03.2021 approved the "List of indications and contraindications for providing the disabled people with technical means of rehabilitation", which has introduced a number of changes to the technical means of rehabilitation of the disabled people. The main feature of the MSE procedure was the automatic extension of disability for 6 months if there is no referral for examination (form 088/y) from a health care facility. In the framework of the Temporal Procedure, disability was automatically extended for 29,624 citizens in 2020 (38.0% of the total number of examinations), and 31442 citizens for the six months of 2021 – (70.0% of the total number of examinations). Further improvement of the legislative complex during the taugh epidemiological situation becomes an essential element of the legal regulatory process in order to restore social justice for the most socially vulnerable segments of the population in urgent need of the state legal protection under the current difficult circumstances.

СНИЖЕНИЕ УРОВНЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОГО ТРАВМАТИЗМА И НЕСЧАСТНЫХ СЛУЧАЕВ КАК ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ ЭФФЕКТИВНОЙ РАБОТЫ СЛУЖБЫ ОХРАНЫ ТРУДА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

The dynamics of the level of the number of victims of industrial accidents since the period of the introduction of the decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation «On approval of the recommendations on the organization of work of the labor protection service in the organization» is considered.

CLINICAL PARALLELS AND FEATURES OF EXPLOSIVE MINE INJURY AND THE TERRORIST ACT IN THE ST. PETERSBURG METRO

Relevance. The realities of modern life demonstrate the likelihood of occurrence of man-made emergencies and terrorist acts. In 2000–2017 In Russia, 120 major terrorist acts and 118 emergency situations related to explosions in buildings, communications, and technological equipment of industrial and agricultural facilities were taken into account. In these terrorist acts, 1570 people were killed and 5118 people were injured; during explosions at industrial facilities 725 and 1919 people, respectively, were killed and injured.Intention. The analysis of explosions in mines and explosive trauma during the terrorist act in the subway of St. Petersburg in 2017 was carried out. Common signs and problems of medical care to victims were determined.Methodology. The general signs of explosive injury are identified, the nosological forms are compared in the victims. The volume of medical care at the prehospital stage and the nature of the treatment and diagnostic measures at hospital admission were assessed. The significance of first aid in the golden hour interval has been determined.Results and discussion. According to the results of the study, the feasibility of treating victims of industrial accidents and terrorist acts in multidisciplinary medical institutions with the mandatory inclusion of rehabilitation measures in the treatment algorithm is substantiated. The analyzed data revealed a problem in determining the severity of the condition of patients with combined thermomechanical injury, the feasibility of further developing an integrated index for determining the severity of injury for victims of this category, the development of which is carried out at the I.I. Dzhanelidze Research Institute of Emergency Care.Conclusion. It is shown that the planning and creation of reserves, their nomenclature and volumes should be coordinated with dedicated medical professionals and undergo regular adjustments.

Changes in Income after an Industrial Accident According to Industry and Return-to-Work Status.

Objective: To investigate changes in the incomes of workers, particularly those in the construction sector, who experienced industrial accidents according to their status of return to work. Methods: We used data from the fifth Panel Study of Workers’ Compensation Insurance. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare annual differential incomes before and after the industrial accident, and a linear mixed model was used to investigate the changes in income from before to after the industrial accident according to the industry and return-to-work status. Results: A comparison of the industrial categories revealed that construction industry workers exhibited the greatest incomes before the accident and the greatest decrease in income after the industrial accident. Regression analysis for assessing changes in income after the industrial accident showed that a comparison by industry revealed a significantly greater reduction in income in the construction than service industry. A comparison by work status revealed significantly greater decreases in income in the reemployment and non-return to work groups than among those who returned to their original work. Conclusions: The economic statuses of the victims of industrial accidents decreased relative to the pre-accident statuses in all industries. The ability to return to original work is important for preserving the accident victim’s economic status.

Latent profile analysis of lifestyle characteristics and health risk behaviors among Koreans who have completed industrial accident care.

This study investigated the characteristics and health behavior profiles of 1,803 workers who had experienced industrial accidents. Average weekly exercise days, average number of cigarettes smoked per day, average daily sleep duration, and number of days of alcohol consumption were selected to investigate health behavior profiles. Specifically, latent profile analysis was applied to identify the health behavior profiles of people who had completed industrial accident care; the latent classes were the health-conscious type (n=240), the potential-risk type (n=850), and the high-risk type (n=713). Comparison of the health-conscious and potential-risk types indicated that younger subjects, the employed, and those with lower social status and life satisfaction were more likely to be the potential-risk type. Comparison of the health-conscious and high-risk types revealed that males, younger subjects, the employed, those without chronic illnesses, and those with lower social status and life satisfaction were more likely to be the high-risk type. The results suggest that industrial accident victims who have completed accident care have different health behaviors and it is necessary to improve health promotion based on health type characteristics.

Characteristics of Motorcycle Collisions by Work Experience of Delivery Postmen

Objective:This study is on the characteristics of motorcycle accidents occurring in the mail delivery process by skill level. Background: The tendency of delivery postmen"s driving in a hurry may become the cause of accidents since there is a constraint that delivery should be completed within a limited time. Method: This study analyzed the traffic accident data of 259 delivery postmen, who had been approved as occupation-related industrial accident victims from 2009 to 2012, by their work experience in view of season, day of the week of an accident occurrence, accident occurrence time, accident cause, collision type, and driving situation. Results: Accident characteristics of delivery postmen show that the ratio of accidents occurring to those who had less than 10 years of work experience was high. There were many motorcycle collisions in winter and summer by season and an unexpected object, along with road condition, took up 70.7% of the accident sources. There were no differences in accident occurrence time, the day of the week, season, accident source, and collision type between the group of delivery postmen with less than 10 years of work experience and those with 10 years or more of work experience. However, there was a difference in distribution of driving condition. Conclusion and Applications: The results of this study can be used to present the policies or guidelines for the accident prevention of delivery postmen since the results show the characteristics of the injured and accident occurrence characteristics in relation with the delivery postmen"s motorcycle collisions.

The Constitution, the Courts and the Common Law

The Constitution, the Courts and the Common Law

서비스업 기초안전보건교육의 실시방안에 관한 연구

Recently, as Korean industrial structure is moving to the service job, the number of workers engaged in the service job is increasing slowly. According to the statistics by Ministry of Employment and Labor announced in June, 2013, the number of service job workers in Korea was 7,477,135 which accounted for 48.4% of total workers. The trend of this service job is expected to increase continuously in the future. According to the 2013 statistics by Ministry of Employment and Labor, the number of industrial accidents victims of industrial accidents in the service job was 30,526 which was the biggest number among the entire businesses. The victims in the service job accounted for 33.2% among the total number of industrial accidents and represented more than those in the manufacture and construction industry. The service job had various works and employment patterns and most service jobs are petty and are small-sized establishments and it is difficult to try voluntarily to prevent the industrial accidents. However, Korean occupational safety and health act was enacted in accordance with the construction and manufacture in which industrial accidents occurred frequently in the past. The support of the government for the industrial accident prevention is focused on the construction and manufacture. Therefore, the current service job is placed on the blind spot of the safety management. Raising the safety awareness of workers through the safety education is the most important in order to prevent the industrial accidents of the service job with many conventional/repeated disasters such as the conduction by a simple mistake. Accordingly, this study analyzed the features and accidents of the domestic service jobs through the literature survey and analyzed the institutional devices for the safety management of the domestic service job, and the safety management cases of foreign service jobs and compared with domestic systems. Considering demands for the basic safety education for service job workers, a questionnaire was conducted targeting the service job workers and the execution plan of the basic safety & health education targeting the service job workers was carried out through the brainstorming of trainers of worker in the service job.

The Perceived Socioeconomic Status Is an Important Factor of Health Recovery for Victims of Occupational Accidents in Korea.

We aimed to examine whether there is a correlation between the health recovery of industrial accident victims and their perceived socioeconomic status. Data were obtained from the first Panel Study of Worker's Compensation Insurance, which included 2,000 participants. We performed multivariate regression analysis and determined the odds ratios for participants with a subjectively lower socioeconomic status and for those with a subjectively lower middle socioeconomic status using 95% confidence intervals. An additional multivariate regression analysis yielded the odds ratios for participants with a subjectively lower socioeconomic status and those with a subjectively upper middle socioeconomic class using 95% confidence intervals. Of all participants, 299 reported a full recovery, whereas 1,701 did not. We examined the odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) for participants' health recovery according to their subjective socioeconomic status while controlling for sex, age, education, tobacco use, alcohol use, subjective state of health prior to the accident, chronic disease, employment duration, recovery period, accident type, disability status, disability rating, and economic participation. The odds of recovery in participants with a subjectively lower middle socioeconomic status were 1.707 times greater (1.264-2.305) than that of those with a subjectively lower socioeconomic status. Similarly, the odds of recovery in participants with a subjectively upper middle socioeconomic status were 3.124 times greater (1.795-5.438) than that of those with a subjectively lower socioeconomic status. Our findings indicate that participants' perceived socioeconomic disparities extend to disparities in their health status. The reinforcement of welfare measures is greatly needed to temper these disparities.

농촌지역 소규모 건축공사 현장의 재해조사를 통한 저감방안 고찰

The number of industrial accident victims in the construction industry accounts for 1/3 of those in the entire industries and about 30% of the total compensation costs are spent in the construction industry. As such, the construction industry is a typical industry causing numerous safety accidents. This study analyzes the status of industrial accidents in small scale construction sites to build maximum five-story buildings by examining statistical data for the past five years, investigating those construction sites and conducting interviews with the workers. This study also seeks the causes of and measures for industrial accidents in the small scale construction industry through comparison with relevant systems. The findings are as follows: (1) To reduce hazard rate, shaping the working environment and safety measures that take into account the physically weak classes of the middle aged and the aging are urgently required, because 62.9% of the industrial accidents in the construction industry occurred to those who are 50 years of age or older. (2) The hazard rate at small scale construction sites with less than 10 construction workers accounts for 55% of that of the entire industries. The government, in this context, needs to support finance or technology and improve system by selecting the small scale construction sites, where industrial accidents occur frequently. (3) Because the hazard rate of unskilled workers with less than 6 months of work experience accounts for 90.95% of the total, safety education needs to be concentrated on those unskilled workers. (4) The relevant standards need to be segmented and revised and bolstered, given that 64.79% of death disaster in the construction industry occurs in the temporary structures including scaffolds and ladders.

노·사주도 건강증진활동 비용지원사업의 산재예방 효과

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the rates of industrial accidents in workplaces that adopted the 2011 Workplace Health Promotion Subsidy Scheme before and after the implementation. Methods: The study analyzed the raw data of industrial accidents of 304 workplaces which received subsidies for health promotion activities in 2011. The raw data covered the period from February 2010 to July 2012, based on the dates of industrial accidents. Results: Workplaces subsidized for health promotion activities reported fewer occurrences in staff injuries and illnesses than before the subsidization, as the total number of industrial accident victims dropped from 0.35 to 0.24. The rate of industrial accidents also dropped from 0.49 to 0.35, with the number of working days decreased from 35,433 to 23.867, about 33%. Conclusion: The study showed that financial support for health-promoting activities contributed to the decease in industrial accidents, which is an important indication advocating the need for corporate and government investment on workers health promotion programs. Furthermore, this study is also significant as it is the first research conducted in Korea to examine the impact of a workers health promotion project using a direct indicator, the rate of industrial accidents.

The Study on Gestalt Art Therapy's Effect on Self-Efficacy and Clinical Factors of Industrial Accident Victims

The Study on Gestalt Art Therapy's Effect on Self-Efficacy and Clinical Factors of Industrial Accident Victims

Markov Chain Analysis of Accident Data: The Case of an Oil and Gas Firm in the Niger Delta Area of Nigeria

Concerned that management of job-oriented accidents has remained a daunting challenge for all stakeholders in Nigeria oil-industry, a longitudinal study was made to appraise the patterning of episodic incidence of industrial accidents in a typical oil and gas company operating in the Nigeria flank of the oil-rich Niger Delta Basin. A 10-year historical accident data were characterized and found to have absorbing chain properties. Four open-and-shot transition states namely : fatality, accident, near-miss and unsafe act, that are subject to ergodicity, were identified and used to craft a value digraph which define the stable transition probability matrix. The results, which suggest that on the average, 59% of staff are wasted through fatality or severe accidents, also points to escalating rates of fatalities and disabilities stemming from accidents thus calling for the need to review the existing hazard operations studies (HAZOPS) and hazard identification schemes (HAZIDS) so as to assist in whittling down, as low as reasonably practicable, the perceived unpleasant trend. The author is of the opinion that industrial accident victims, unlike in road traffic accident (RTA), habituate several times before entering the absorbing state.

SH06 WITTGENSTEIN AND THE CONCEPT OF “WOUND SHOCK”

Ludwig Wittgenstein was one of the most influential and controversial philosophers of the 20th century. His ideas concerning the foundations of mathematics and the role of language remain of essential importance in these fields, while his eccentricities still warrant popular examination. During World War II, having relinquished his chair in philosophy at Cambridge University, he worked as dispensary porter and as laboratory assistant. In these roles and in association with the MRC Research Unit, initially at Guy’s Hospital, London and latter at the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle‐on Tyne, he was involved in investigations of what was then termed “wound shock”. These studies were carried out on air‐raid and latter industrial accident victims, under the leadership of Grant and Reeves, latter E.G, Bywater.Today, we would recognise the poorly defined clinical syndrome of “wound shock” as manifestations of hypovolaemia. This entity had been recognised since the trench warfare of the First World War, but it is amazing to realise that as recently as the mid decades of the last century, the understanding of the physiology of injury was so rudimentary that this relationship was not recognised.It is instructive to examine Wittgenstein’s role in discussion of the semantics of the term “shock”, which persists in causing confusion in the popular mind, as well as his experimental efforts. The development of understanding concerning hypovolaemic shock and crush injuries following the London Blitz shows how recently some of the most basic concepts on which we manage patients have become evident.

Les allongements digitaux par distraction progressive

The authors report their experience of digital lengthening and analyze the indications and results of 12 cases performed over 13 years in the plastic and reconstructive surgery service of the Kassab institute. Distraction was performed using a mini-orthofix device. In majority of cases, the procedure was performed on young people, manual workers and victims of industrial accidents. The lengthened osseous segment was the 1st metacarpal in 7 cases, the proximal phalanx of the index in 3 cases, the 3rd metacarpal once and the proximal phalanx of the middle finger in one case. Gradual distraction at the rate of 0.25 to 0.5 mm/day was carried out in 10 cases using the procedure of "callotasis". In 2 cases the distraction was performed at a rate of 1 mm/day followed by bone graft. Callotasis allowed us to obtain an average lengthening of 17 mm (61.5%) in distraction of the phalanx, and 26 mm (63.3%) in distraction of the first metacarpal. This technique avoids the spontaneous shortening observed after the use of bone graft alone. Complications are relatively frequent but had little influence on the final result.