Vestibular Function In Patients Research Articles

Application of clinical indicators in evaluating vestibular compensation efficacy in benign recurrent vestibular vertigo patients with short-term personalized vestibular rehabilitation.

Short-term personalized vestibular rehabilitation (ST-PVR) can establish stable vestibular compensation. However, there is a lack of a clear definition for clinical indicators that can dynamically reflect the progress of vestibular rehabilitation (VR). To explore the clinical indicators suitable for evaluating the effectiveness of ST-PVR in treating benign recurrent vertigo (BRV). In total, 50 patients diagnosed with BRV were enrolled. All patients received the ST-PVR treatment program. At 2 and 4weeks after rehabilitation, subjective scales, including the visual analogue scale (VAS), dizziness handicap inventory scale (DHI), activities-specific balance confidence scale (ABC) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) were assessed. Objective vestibular function tests were performed. VR grading was determined. At 2 weeks after rehabilitation, significant enhancements were observed in VAS, DHI, ABC, GAD-7, UW, vHIT results, and VR grading scores (p < 0.05). The sensory organization test (SOT) results demonstrated statistically significant improvements at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after rehabilitation (p < 0.05). Both subjective scales and partial examination results in objective assessment can serve as indicators to dynamically monitor the compensatory process of vestibular function in patients with BRV. The VR efficacy grading score, which incorporates the above indicators, allows for quantification of the changes that occur during the vestibular rehabilitation process.

Investigation of vestibular function in patients with vestibular neuritis

To optimize the diagnostic algorithm for vestibular neuritis based on an assessment of the sensitivity of clinical methods for studying vestibular function in the recovery period of the disease. A comprehensive assessment of the sensitivity of clinical methods for the study of vestibular function in the acute (up to 14 days: at the time of initial treatment, on the 7th and 14th day) and subacute (up to 3 months: on the 28th and 90th day) periods of the disease in 52 patients with upper vestibular neuritis was carried out. The timing of the processes of restoration of vestibular function after a transferred vestibular neuritis is individual: after 14 days, restoration of vestibular function was recorded in 52% (n=27) patients, after 1 month - in 62% (n=32), after 3 months - in 71% (n=37) patients with upper vestibular neuritis. Statocoordination, statokinetic, oculomotor tests under visual control have the highest sensitivity in the acute period of vestibular neuritis, within up to 7 days from the onset of symptoms. In the subacute period of vestibular neuritis, the study of spontaneous nystagmus and nystagmus in the head shaking test retains high sensitivity only when using special tools (Frenzel goggles or videonystagmography). A decrease in the sensitivity of the head rotation test and the dynamic visual acuity test in the subacute period of vestibular neuritis is associated with the processes of central compensation and the formation of a latent saccade. The sensitivity of clinical tests in patients with vestibular neuritis depends on the timing of the examination.

Vestibular function, subjective complaints, perceived disability in daily life, and sports activities in patients with cochlear implants performed during childhood: a prospective cross-section study

Background Vestibular function (VF) in patients with cochlear implantation (CI) performed during childhood is underinvestigated Objective To study VF in patients receiving CI during childhood Material & Methods Sixty patients (22 females) from 7–34 years old, unilaterally (n = 21) and bilaterally (n = 39) implanted, were included. Deafness was congenital (n = 45), consequential to meningitis (n = 3), skull fracture (n = 1), perinatal CMV infection (n = 1), ototoxic drugs (n = 1), unknown etiology (n = 9). VF was measured between 1 to 22 years after implantation, including calorics, v-HIT, c-VEMPS. Dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), age at independent walking(IW), sport activities were also investigated. Results Nine CI-patients (15%) reported dizziness/vertigo either prior or months to years after surgery. Comparison between symptomatic (15%), asymptomatic (85%), uni-bilaterally CI-patients showed no significant difference on VF’s impairment for calorics (p = .603) and v-HIT (p = 1). Symptoms were not related to vestibular impairment. Age at implantation (p = 0.956), uni- bilateral (p = .32), simultaneous versus sequential (p = .134) did not influence IW age. DHI showed a tendency for being symptomatic at higher implantation age. Interval between CI, IWage, current age between surgery and vestibular evaluation did not have a significant effect on symptomatology. Conclusion & Significance This first middle to long-term evaluation of the VF in CI-patients, implanted in childhood, pointed out that 85% of patients were asymptomatic, with a mean time of >10 years after surgery. Vestibular impairment and symptoms seem to be mainly due to the underlying inner ear’s disease rather than surgery.

Evaluation of vestibular functions in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Background To determine the anatomical proximity of the vestibular nuclei to the respiratory nuclei and the effect of susceptibility of the posterior labyrinth to a hypoxic state on the vestibular system. Objective It was aimed to evaluate the possible effects of periodic hypoxia on vestibular reflexes and proprioceptive perception in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Material and methods The study was conducted with 40 patients diagnosed with moderate and severe OSAS and 21 healthy individuals. All individuals were evaluated with Dizziness Handicap Inventory, ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP), cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP), video head impulse test (vHIT), videonystagmography (VNG) and sportKAT 3000. Results In the vHIT, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of anterior and posterior semicircular canal vestibulo-ocular reflex gains (p < .05). A negative correlation was found between the lateral gain asymmetry and RALP gain asymmetry and the awake blood oxygen level in the OSAS groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of wave response rates cVEMP 100 dB nHL and oVEMP 100–110 dB nHL (p < .05). Conclusion and Significance It was concluded that vestibular reflexes and proprioceptive perception were affected due to periodic/chronic hypoxia in patients with moderate and severe OSAS.

Vestibular function in children with vestibulocochlear nerve aplasia/hypoplasia

Background Infants and young children with vestibulocochlear nerve (VCN) hypoplasia/aplasia present with severe hearing loss and are candidates for cochlear implantation (CI). It is unknown whether vestibular function is related to CI outcome and if vestibular tests can guide the operation decision. Aims/Objectives Our aim was to describe the vestibular function in patients with VCN hypoplasia/aplasia before a possible CI. Materials and Methods Forty-two ears in 23 patients were tested between 2019 and 2022 with bone-conducted cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (BCcVEMP), video head impulse test (vHIT) and miniice-water caloric test (mIWC). Results All ears could be tested with at least one vestibular test and 83% could be tested with more than one method. Twenty-nine ears (61%) showed normal function with at least one method. The presence of a normal response to any test doubled the likelihood of a measured hearing threshold after CI, the best predictors being the BCcVEMP and vHIT (p < 0.05). Conclusion Canal function may represent a predictor of auditive pathway integrity with a possible favourable audiological outcome after CI operation Significance Our results demonstrate high vestibular response rates suggesting a functioning pathway despite the radiological diagnosis.

IMPROVING THE PHYSICAL FITNESS OF ROWERS AT THE STAGE OF PRELIMINARY BASIC TRAINING BY MEANS. RELEVANCE OF THE RESEARCH TOPIC

Timely detection of potentially dangerous causes of dizziness and selection of effective means of physical therapy is an urgent problem, for the solution of which it is necessary to use effective and reliable methods of diagnosis and intervention. Modern approaches to vestibular rehabilitation include methods affecting the mechanisms of central regulation of compensation processes in vestibular disorders. Among the rehabilitation measures, one of the main places is occupied by therapeutic exercises, which include various exercises for the movement of the eyes and head, as well as gait training. Vestibular rehabilitation is one of the most effective methods of restoring vestibular function in patients with diseases of the vestibular system.

Quantitative Evaluations of Vestibular Function in Patients With Petrous Apex Cholesterol Granulomas Treated With an Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach: A Report of Two Cases.

We report two cases of petrous apex cholesterol granuloma (PACG) treated with an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. Vestibular functions of the two patients were evaluated quantitatively by video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) and/or vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs). Two patients with PACG who experienced episodes of dizziness are presented. An endoscopic transsphenoidal approach to PACG. The preoperative and postoperative vestibular functions as evaluated by vHIT and VEMP. Two cases of PACG were treated by a transsphenoidal approach. The internal auditory canal was compressed by the PACG in both cases. The patients both experienced episodes of dizziness before surgery and preoperative vestibular testing including vHIT and VEMP indicated dysfunction of vestibular nerves. After surgery, their symptoms were completely resolved, and the vestibular testing results were improved. This article is noteworthy for being the first to publish quantitative vestibular function testing for patients with PACG with vestibular dysfunction. PACG may show various symptoms, with dizziness being one of the most common symptoms. In cases in which the internal auditory canal is compressed by the PACG, vestibular functions should be evaluated by vHIT and VEMP. In the present cases, dizziness was found to be resolved by surgery to release the compression on internal auditory canal. Based on the present cases, the transsphenoidal approach is considered to be both safe and effective.

Video head impulse test for the assessment of vestibular function in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss without vertigo.

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss may be accompanied by dizziness without true vertigo. This study used the video head impulse test to evaluate vestibular function in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients who described experiencing dizziness and not true vertigo. A prospective study was conducted of 30 consecutive patients diagnosed with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss with dizziness without true vertigo. A comparison of the video head impulse test results of the patients who complained of dizziness (symptomatic group) with a group of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and no dizziness (asymptomatic) was performed. Nine patients (30 per cent) were symptomatic. Two of those patients had abnormal video head impulse test findings. Seven patients in the asymptomatic group (7 out of 21, 33 per cent) presented with abnormal video head impulse test results. No significant difference in vestibular function between the two groups was detected by the video head impulse test. The site of insult in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss without true vertigo is usually limited to the cochlea or the cochlear nerve.

Особенности нарушения вестибулярной функции у пациентов с вестибулярным нейронитом

Vestibular VN (VN) is the third most common in the structure of peripheral vestibulopathies. The study of the features of damage to peripheral vestibular receptors in vestibular neuritis using instrumental research methods (video head impulse test, registration of VEMPs) allows us to develop factors associated with the preservation of persistent peripheral vestibular hypofunction after the disease. On the basis of Sverzhevky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology examined 77 patients with vestibular neuritis (age 44,2±12,3 years, of which 37 were men, the duration of the disease until the moment of treatment was 3,2 ±1,7 days). There was a higher prevalence of total VN compared to superior VN (57 and 43%, respectively). Violation of the function of otolith receptors according to the data of registration of VEMPs was recorded in 46% (n = 35) patients with VN. The dynamics of vestibular function recovery in patients with superior VN was better than in patients with total VN (73 and 45%, respectively). Damage to otolith receptors detected by the method of registration of VEMPs was associated with worse dynamics of restoration of vestibular function in patients with vestibular neuronitis (p &lt; 0,05).

Patterns of vestibular function in patients with dizziness after COVID-19 vaccination; dual tertiary referral center study

Background Although dizziness is a common symptom after vaccination, the mechanism, and prognosis are not well understood. Aims/Objectives This study aimed to investigate patients with dizziness after COVID-19 vaccination by analyzing objective information. Methods A retrospective study of patients who visited the outpatient clinics of two institutes with a complaint of dizziness occurring within 72 h after a COVID-19 vaccination. Results In most cases, patients experienced only a single event of dizziness, and the subjective symptom was relieved after a few weeks. All patients decreased gain of vestibular ocular reflex (VOR). The vestibular function test results showed signs of central vestibulopathy in some cases. We separated patients into two groups; the direction-fixed nystagmus (DFN) group and the direction-changing nystagmus (DCN) group. All patients showed decreased gain on the rotational chair test (RCT). The DFN group showed an 80% decrease in video head impulse test (vHIT) gain, whereas the DCN group only showed a decrease of 25%. In RCT, 66% of the DFN group showed asymmetry compared to 20% showing asymmetry in the DCN group. Conclusion and significance The patients who suffered from dizziness after the COVID-19 vaccination exhibited decreased VOR gain and in some cases signs of central vestibulopathy.

Vestibular syndromes after COVID-19 vaccination: A prospective cohort study.

Background and purposeDizziness and vertigo are common symptoms after COVID‐19‐vaccination. We aimed to prospectively evaluate objective central or peripheral vestibular function in patients with dizziness, vertigo, and postural symptoms that started or worsened after COVID‐19‐vaccination.MethodsOf 4137 patients who presented between January 2021 and April 2022 at the German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, we identified 72 patients (mean age = 47 years) with enduring vestibular symptoms following COVID‐19 vaccination. All underwent medical history‐taking, and neurological and neuro‐otological workup with bithermal caloric test, video head‐impulse test, orthoptics, and audiometry. Diagnoses were based on international criteria. The distribution of diagnoses was compared to a cohort of 39,964 patients seen before the COVID‐19 pandemic.ResultsSymptom onset was within the first 4 weeks postvaccination. The most prevalent diagnoses were somatoform vestibular disorders (34.7%), vestibular migraine (19.4%), and overlap syndromes of both (18.1%). These disorders were significantly overrepresented compared to the prepandemic control cohort. Thirty‐six percent of patients with somatoform complaints reported a positive history of depressive or anxiety disorders. Nine patients presented with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, three with acute unilateral vestibulopathy, and seven with different entities (vestibular paroxysmia, Ménière disease, polyneuropathy, ocular muscular paresis). Causally related central vestibular deficits were lacking. Novel peripheral vestibular deficits were found in four patients.ConclusionsNewly induced persistent vestibular deficits following COVID‐19 vaccination were rare. The predominant causes of prolonged vestibular complaints were somatoform vestibular disorders and vestibular migraine, possibly triggered or aggravated by stress‐related circumstances due to the COVID‐19 pandemic or vaccination. An increase of other central or peripheral vestibular syndromes after COVID‐19 vaccination was not observed.

Impairment of Vestibular Function in Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma According to the Presence of Dizziness

Objectives: Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a benign Schwann cell-derived slow growing tumor originating from the vestibular nerve. Here, we aimed to investigate the correlation between the presence of the dizziness symptoms and several vestibular function test results.Methods: We analyzed 32 patients who diagnosed with VS from 2010 to 2021 in our hospital. Caloric test, cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) test, and video head impulse test (vHIT) were analyzed.Results: Age, sex, pure tone audiometry, and tumor size did not show any statistical significance according to the presence or absence of dizziness. There was also no association between the presence of dizziness symptom or dizziness type and the results of the caloric test, vHIT, and cVEMP test, respectively. However, patients with dizziness had a higher rate of tumors confined to the inner auditory canal than those without dizziness.Conclusions: In this study, the rate of complaints of dizziness was higer in patients with intracanalicular VS. The diagnostic role of vestibulsr function tests in VS is limited. The dissociation of the results of caloric test, vHIT, and cVEMP test suggest that these test are complementary.

Assessment of the Vestibuloocular Reflex in Patients with Unilateral Chronic Middle Ear Disease Using the Video Head Impulse Test: A Preliminary Study

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the usefulness of the video head impulse test (vHIT) as a method for evaluating vestibular function in patients with unilateral chronic middle ear disease.Methods: Nineteen patients with various unilateral middle ear diseases including chronic otitis media (COM), COM with cholesteatoma, and adhesive otitis media successfully underwent preoperative vHIT. The gain of vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) and the presence of corrective saccades were compared between the affected ear and the healthy ear.Results: A total of eight male and 11 female patients with a mean age of 43.1 years were included in this retrospective study. Twelve ears had COM, four had COM with cholesteatoma, and three had adhesive otitis media. A positive history of vertigo or dizziness was reported in 36.8% of the cases. The VOR gain of the affected ears and the healthy ears were 0.97±0.16 vs. 1.00±0.08 in the horizontal canal, 0.91±0.11 vs. 0.87±0.11 in the anterior canal, and 0.87±0.17 vs. 0.99±0.12 in the posterior canal, respectively. Only VOR gain of the posterior canal was significantly decreased compared with healthy ears.Conclusions: The average VOR gains in the patients with chronic middle ear disease were within the pre-defined values of normality; however, when compared quantitatively, posterior canal gain of affected ears was significantly decreased compared to healthy ears. Our results can be explained by the anatomical proximity of the ampulla of the posterior canal and middle ear space.

Health Promotion Combined with Psychological Care Improves Vestibular Function in Patients with Vestibular Neuritis.

This study aimed to explore the effect of health education combined with psychological care on patients with vestibular neuritis and the effect on their vestibular function. One hundred patients with vestibular neuritis admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled and divided into two groups by the random number: the control group (CG) (n= 53, health education) and the study group (SG) (n= 47, health education + psychological care). The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores, depression scores (SDS), anxiety scores (SAS), satisfaction with care, compliance, incidence of falls, quality of life (QOF), and clinical symptom scores were compared between the two groups. Compared with the CG, the SG had a more significant reduction in DHI scores and SDS and SAS scores and a significant increase in BBS scores (P < 0.05). Compared with the CG, the SG had higher nursing satisfaction and compliance and a lower incidence of falls (P < 0.05). Nursing efficiency was higher in the SG than in the CG (P < 0.05). QOF scores were higher in the SG than in the CG (P < 0.05). Clinical symptom scores were lower in the SG than in the CG (P < 0.05). Health education combined with psychological care can improve vestibular function and bad mood, reduce the incidence of falls, improve the QOF, and result in high patient satisfaction and compliance, which should be widely promoted.

Clinical case control study analysis of vestibular function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.

To investigate the effects of hypoxia degree and sleep duration on vestibular function in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients. We made further study of the low oxygen levels of OSAHS and hypoxic duration on the impact of vestibular function, and further studied the OSAHS the longest apnea time and Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (VEMP) abnormal rate and the relationship between the vestibular function of canal paralysis (CP). A total of 87 OSAHS patients and 47 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. There was no difference in gender, age and body mass index (BMI) values in matched experimental groups. Other diseases of other systems were excluded. All the participants completed sleepiness questionnaires (i.e., the Epworth sleepiness scale and the STOP-BANG questionnaire) and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). Additionally, a caloric test, positional test, electrocochleogram, and VEMP test were administered to evaluate the vestibular function of all the participants. A polysomnography (PSG) was also performed. The current investigation generated the following three major findings: (I) there was a significant correlation between body mass index and canal paresis [CP; P=0.014, odds ratio (OR) =1.791, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.125-2.851] and a significant positive correlation between the DHI score and VEMP results (P=0.0061, OR =3.667, 95% CI: 1.449-9.276); (II) the CP abnormality rate of the OSAHS group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); (III) there was a significant correlation between the longest apnea duration and the DHI score (r=-0.191, P<0.05). The abnormality rate of the vestibular function of OSAHS patients is higher than that of healthy people. OSAHS intermittent hypoxia can affect vestibular function in the inner ear, and the longer the duration of prolonged hypoxia, the more serious the vestibular function damage.

Evaluation of Vestibular Function in Patients Affected by Obstructive Sleep Apnea Performing Functional Head Impulse Test (fHIT).

PurposeObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disease with significantly related complications. Since a connection between the vestibular nucleus and sleep regulator pathways has been demonstrated, vestibular evaluation in OSA patients was partially studied and none used functional head impulse test (fHIT) for this purpose. This paper aimed at evaluating the vestibular function in patients affected by OSA using fHIT, selecting patients who did not present any other related to cardiovascular, neurological, or metabolic diseases.Patients and MethodsPatients enrolled had a diagnosis of OSA by polysomnography type III and were cataloged according to American Association of Sleep Medicine criteria. Each patient underwent fHIT. Statistical significance was set at 0.05.ResultsA total of 85 patients were enrolled in the study of which 50 had a diagnosis of OSA and were included in the case group, while 35 belonged to the control group. In 88.6% of subjects of the case group was evidenced a vestibular impairment with a substantial difference between the two study groups (p<0.05).ConclusionThe results show that the incidence of vestibular lesions in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea is underestimated and that fHIT can identify these lesions early.

Uneven Effects of Sleep Apnea on Semicircular Canals and Otolithic Organs.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore how obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects the function of each vestibular organ and to identify the correlations among them.MethodsA prospective study was conducted involving 32 healthy controls and 64 patients with OSA. The objective detection methods of the utricle and saccule are vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs). A combination of the caloric test and video head impulse test (vHIT) was used to comprehensively evaluate the objective function of semicircular canals.ResultsElevated thresholds (p < 0.001), decreased waveform amplitudes (p < 0.001), prolonged first wave latencies (p < 0.001), and shortened first interpeak latencies (p < 0.001) were observed in both ocular VEMP (oVEMP) and cervical VEMP (cVEMP). A significant difference was found in the caloric test comparison (χ2 = 4.030, p = 0.045) but not in the vHIT. The intergroup comparison of normal rates among the VEMPs, caloric test, and vHIT groups showed a significant difference (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe impairment of vestibular function in patients with OSA was uneven and biased. More attention should be given to vestibular dysfunction in the diagnosis and treatment of OSA.

Changes in c-FOS Protein Levels in Some Basal Ganglia of Rats before and after Vestibular Stimulation

Objective: To analyse the changes in the levels of c-FOS protein in some basal ganglia ganglia of rats before and after vestibular stimulation. Methods: Rats were selected as the study subjects and non-invasive electrical stimulation was used to understand the function between the vestibular organs and the ganglia and the issue of changes in the receptor mechanism of c-FOS protein in the ganglia. Results: After stimulation of the rat vestibular organ, there was a significant trend towards higher expression of c-FOS positive neurons in the MVN region, along with a similar increase in the number of immunopositive neurons in the PF region. Although no direct nerve fibre connection was found between the MVN and CPu, this index was also observed considering that CPu would be involved in motor regulation, and the results also showed a significant increase in positive neuronal expression in the observation group of rats. The results showed that c-FOS positive neuronal expression in all three regions increased after non-invasive stimulation of the vestibular organ, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: Stimulation of peripheral vestibular organs can induce functional changes in the basal ganglia and c-FOS protein-positive neuronal expression, giving a good therapeutic reference for future Parkinson's disease and modulating vestibular function in patients.

О некоторых ярких страницах в истории вестибулологии ХХ века. Исторический обзор, дискуссионные вопросы. Часть 3. Постижение «неразгаданного сфинкса» (вестибулология и хирургия отосклероза)

The article, which consists of several parts, continues the discussion of some bright pages from the history of vestibulology in the 20th century. The third part deals with the impact of the global “otosclerotic boom” and the success of cophosurgery in the 1950s and 1960s on the development of vestibulology. The need to study the vestibular function in patients with otosclerosis was due to the task of determining the stage of the otosclerotic process, assessing the functional state of the inner ear depending on hypo- or hyperreflexia of the labyrinth, predicting the severity of the postoperative vestibular reaction and its objective assessment in the postoperative period. Vestibular studies have helped to comprehend important pathogenetic aspects of otosclerosis: understanding the impact of the otosclerotic process on the structures of the inner ear due to hydrops of intralabyrinthine fluids when the stapes is immobile, through the impact of metabolic products of active foci directly on prescription formations, and others. The article tells about the revival of interest in labyrinthology after the Second World War in the aspect of the study and surgery of otosclerosis. The great interest of Soviet otosurgeons in the pre-war work of Julius Lempert on the fenestration of the labyrinth (1938) and in the successes of world stapedial surgery in the 1950s is reported. The facts are given about the visit of the author of the stapes mobilization operation, Samuel Rosen, in 1958 to the USSR and his participation in the V All-Russian Congress of Otorhinolaryngologists. As a result of these global processes, in 1964, for the improvement and widespread introduction of surgical methods for restoring hearing in patients with otosclerosis, prominent Soviet scientists-otorhinolaryngologists – A. I. Kolomiichenko, K. L. Khilov, S. N. Khechinashvili, N. A. Preobrazhensky and V. F. Nikitina were awarded the Lenin Prize. Among the well-known researchers of otosclerosis are domestic scientists and at the same time successful otosurgeons, women, contemporaries – L. G. Svatko, O. F. Patyakin and N. I. Hrappo. Clinical-morphological-histochemical comparisons and studies of the activity of the otosclerotic process, carried out in the works of the professor of the Kazan Medical University Lyudmila Grigoryevna Svatko, a deep researcher of the pathogenesis of otosclerosis, are reported. It tells about the professor of the Moscow Research Institute of Ear, Throat and Nose Olga Fyodorovna Patyakina-Fyodorova and about the school of domestic otosurgeons she created. The article tells about the long-term studies of the vestibular function in otosclerosis and other diseases by the famous otoneurologist, professor of the Samara Medical University Nina Stepanovna Khrappo and about the audiology direction of the ENT department, for many years headed by Academician I. B. Soldatov. A conclusion is made about the stimulating and beneficial effect of the study of the “mysterious sphinx” (according to N. V. Belogolovy, 1933) and cophosurgery on the development and improvement of vestibulometry techniques, as well as functional ear function studies in general, and more broadly, otosurgery, as such.

Dissociation of the results of caloric and video head impulse tests as a marker of Meniere's disease

The study of vestibular function in patients with Meniere's disease (MD) is an urgent task, since it influences the choice of treatment tactic. We evaluated the results of caloric and video head impulse (vHIT) tests in 76 patients who met the clinical criteria for significant Meniere's disease (AAO-HNS modified by the Barany Society, 2015). Dissociation of the results of caloric and vHIT tests is observed in the majority (74%) of patients with MD: at normal gain, according to vHIT data, hypofunction of peripheral vestibular structures is recorded according to the caloric test (KASL 47 ± 7.8%). In patients with MD, vestibular dysfunction is observed mainly at low frequencies (0.003 Hz), therefore vHIT, which allows assessing horizontal semicircular canal function at high frequencies (3-5 Hz), is not an optimal study for assessing the degree of vestibular dysfunction in patients with MD.