VES Data Research Articles

Investigation of Aquifer Vulnerability under some Protective Measures in Ehime Mbano, South-Eastern Nigeria for Sustainable Groundwater Development

This study focuses on assessing aquifer vulnerability to contamination in Ehime Mbano South-Eastern Nigeria by applying the DRASTIC model. The data was obtained using (VES) vertical electrical sounding technique by applying Schlumberger configurations with AB/2 = 400 m. The VES data were interpreted using state of the art soft wares e.g. IP12WIN and Surfer 12 to obtain the final model for each VES, groundwater vulnerability map was also developed while aquifer media was gotten by taking into account, the depth at which water was struck and correlating those depths with the lithological description of the VES results obtained. The hydraulic conductivity was calculated from apparent resistivity of the aquifer. However, the net recharge, soil media, and topography was obtained from research documentaries. Aquifer vulnerability assessment carried out revealed areas with high, low and moderate vulnerability based on the DRASTIC Index. Locations with high vulnerability rating of 126 -165 includes: Umuokiri Umunumo and Ikperejere. Locations with moderate vulnerability rating of 86-125 includes: Ikpem, Ikweii Nzerem while locations with low vulnerability rating of 70-85 includes: Umuokara Uzinomi and areas close to Umueze II. The findings of the study can be used to identify regions of contamination of groundwater in the study area.

Combination of remote sensing, GIS, AHP techniques and geophysical data to delineate groundwater potential zones in the Shiriya River Basin, South India

Shiriya River Basin (SRB) of Kasaragod district, Kerala, is one of the minor river basins that faces acute water shortage soon after the rainy season. Increasing the aquifer productivity of the SRB is the need of the hour. The present study is performed to determine the groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) of the SRB through Weighted Overlay Analysis. Different thematic layers (Geomorphology, Geology, Lineament density, Slope, Drainage density, LULC, and Soil) were prepared. Based on Saaty's scale, the rank and weightage assigned to each thematic layer and their respective features were standardized through the AHP techniques. Subsequently, GIS-based Weighted Overlay Analysis generated the ultimate GWPZ map, dividing SRB into 3 potential zones (poor, moderate, and good). To validate the GWPZ and understand the geoelectric characteristics of the SRB, 50 Schlumberger VES were performed and analyzed. Depth to water level data is also used to validate the GWPZ. The VES data indicated three distinct geoelectric layers, the topsoil, laterite, and weathered/fractured basement, overlying the resistive basement. In the SRB second layer (laterite) and, in some regions, the third layer (fractured charnockite) functions as an aquifer. The presence of groundwater potential region is indicated by resistivity values ranging from 50 to 200 ohm-m. The combination of surface and subsurface indicators of GWPZ will be much more reliable in locating the site for sustainable groundwater exploration and management of SRB groundwater resources.

Groundwater Protection Assessment using Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Method and Direct Current Electrical Resistivity Method in Papalanto South-West Nigeria

The aim of this work is to assess the extent of protection of the subsurface hydrogeological structures. Fieldworks were performed integrated geophysical techniques namely Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Method (FDEM) using Geonics-EM-34 to determine the vertical and lateral variations of subsurface conductivity probing depths of 20m, 40m and 60m, while subsurface profiles were obtained using Direct Current Resistivity (DCRE) with AGI Super-sting Earth Resistivity meter; current electrode spacing (AB) ranging from 1 to maximum of 100m and the potential electrodes (MN) were consequently changed from 0.25m to 5m respectively. 1141.92 mmho/m was recorded as the highest true conductivity value for the Horizontal Dipole in the second layer (Profile EMPAP5) while the highest true conductivity value for the Vertical Dipole in the first layer was 134.31 mmho/m (Profile EMPAP1). Four principal geoelectric layers inferred from the VES data where the Topsoil is partly lateritic and alluvium, Sandy Clay/Clay/Silt, Sand/Clay/Shale, and Limestone/Sandstone. Resistivity values for these layers vary from 9.78 to 1428, 1.46 to 1057, 1.46 to 451, and 15 to 10,000 Ω m with corresponding thickness of 0.5m to1.43m, 1.29m to 13m, 2.8m to 84.4m and infinity, respectively. The higher resistivity values at the surface and extremes of both edges were indication of little or no presence of leachates or contaminant plume accumulation in other area. Also, there was a noticeable general decrease of resistivity values of formation rock with depth in these investigated areas; this is an indication that the plumes must have infiltrated rapidly into the subsurface through the massive presence of weathered rock materials of average lateral distances of 15m to 167m of considerable depth and thickness of about 24.9m. The degree of leachate contamination range from 0.0007264 mho to 0.668 mho with the highest value in VESPAP2 followed by VESPAP13 and VESPAP19 while VESPAP22 exhibited the lowest conductance.

Delineation of seawater intrusion in the Yanbu industrial area, northwest Saudi Arabia, using geoelectric resistivity sounding survey

Eleven Schlumberger array vertical electrical soundings were done at specified places in the Yanbu industrial sector, northwest Saudi Arabia, to identify possible seawater intrusion that may influence the shallow groundwater aquifer along the city's coastline zone. The variations of the resistivity values indicate the subdivision of the study area into two zones. These zones are characterized by different VES curve types; the Q-type and the H-type which dominate in the western and the eastern zones, respectively. VES data show three geoelectric resistivity layers. The first layer is an inhomogeneous layer with a wide range of resistivities correlated to Quaternary sediments (ranges from gravel, and sand to silt and clay) of variable lithology and water content. The resistivity of the second layer indicates abundant clay with a local change in the lithology to become gravel and coarse sand. The third layer shows a sudden and sharp variation of the resistivities; indicating a possible fault affected the coastal plain. This faulting system uplifts the basement, which may operate as an impermeable or sealing wall to prevent seawater from entering the shallow groundwater aquifer in the west. Most seawater intrusion in the studied area is regulated by faulting and lateral lithologic changes.

Evaluation of aquifer parameters through integrated approach of geophysical investigations, pumping test analysis and Dar-Zarrouk parameters in the central part of Bari Doab, Punjab, Pakistan.

In the central part of Bari Doab in Punjab Province of Pakistan, the factors such as sporadic rainfall pattern, decrement of water in rivers, subsurface salinity and excessive mining of groundwater have badly affected the hydrogeology and recharge system of aquifer. The present research work is an endeavour to evaluate the characteristics and potential of aquifer for its future sustainable availability within the study area of central part of Bari Doab. The geophysical studies, pumping tests data, borehole logs and Dar-Zarrouk parameters were used integrally to evaluate the aquifer hydraulic and hydrologic parameters in the study area. VES technique of geophysical investigations using Schlumberger electrodes configuration was carried out at sparsely distributed 435 locations. Litho-logs and VES results altogether decipher that the subsurface alluvial succession is primarily composed of intermixed layers of sand, gravel, clay, silt and some kankar inclusions. The VES data allied with pumping test analysis of test wells in the study area were used to evaluate the aquifer hydraulic properties. Comparatively low values of discharge rate, hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity were evaluated in two wells whilst relatively higher values of these parameters were evaluated in rest of six wells. The results of hydrologic parameters also confirm the results of hydraulic parameters in the wells. Finally, the Dar-Zarrouk parameters were used for the estimation of hydraulic parameters for whole study area and the aquifer zones of relatively high and low potential were delineated.

Geophysical Based Groundwater Potential Zone Mapping: Perspectives and Inferences from Lisana Area along the Guder River, Western Margin of the Central Main Ethiopian Rift

Vertical electrical soundings and magnetic data were used to map the groundwater aquifer system in the Lisana area along the Guder River, northeast of Hosanna town, near the western margin of the Central Main Ethiopian Rift. The surveys were used to map a potential aquifer zone and investigate the groundwater potential for the current and future development of the resource in the Lisana area. The VES data were used to map the depth of a potential aquifer zone and its distribution over the area. The magnetic survey was used to delineate contacts between lithologic units and geological structures. Two-dimensional magnetic forward modeling and one-dimensional electrical modeling were used to identify fractures and lithological units containing potential groundwater. The magnetic and electrical resistivity modeling indicated that a potential aquifer occurs at a depth range from 115m to 142m. The potential aquifer occurs within weathered and fractured ignimbrite and a pumice layer containing sandy soil. This latter lithological unit is the main water-bearing horizon.

Hydrogeophysical Investigation of Underground Water in Sabon Kaura Community, Bauchi, Nigeria

Hydrogeophysics is the investigation of underground formations to understand the hydrologic cycle using geophysical techniques, which aids to understand the groundwater quality and type of aquifer. One of the surface geophysical methods is the Vertical Electrical Sounding; it is effective in the investigation of layer resistivity and thicknesses of layers at various depths of interest as well as aquifer thickness. Twenty (20) VES points were sounded with maximum spread AB/2 of 60 m. The VES data was processed using IPI2 win and sounding curves obtained at most combinations which include HA, QH, KHK, KHA, A and H. The sounding curves were observed to have five layers at most: the first layer resistivity and thickness ranges (53.1–606 Ωm, 0.545–6.24 m) followed by the second layer ranging (7.7–730 Ωm, 2.17–20.4 m) and the third layer act in most of the VES as the aquiferous zone which ranges from (19–160000 Ωm, 17.2–20.1 m); jiggling was also observed within the fractured-fresh crystalline basement which represents fractures. The recommended depth of drilling ranges from 50–60 m over granite/bauchite where extensive weathering and fracturing is observed and over migmatite and gneiss 70–80 m as only fracturing was observed at deeper depth. The yield anticipated in the recommendation is moderate-high with a very low or low yield from the non-recommended VES.

Deployment of Geophysical Technique in Groundwater Search at Guinueaworm Endermic areas in Obubra local government area of cross river state, Nigeria

This study was conducted in the Guineaworm prone areas in Obubra Local Government Area, the study entails the deployment of vertical electrical sounding technique in the search for groundwater. In doing this, measurement was made in 14 profiles of 500m long each, using the IGIS resistivity meter model SSR-MP-ATS. Resist software was used for analysis. The Geoelectric sounding data interpretation revealed characteristic curves with two to six geoelectric layer thicknesses. The predominant curve types in the area were the KH, HKH, and HK. The electrical resistivity of the first layer ranged between 15.8to1626Ωm, which was indicative of clay, shale, or sandy silt, three to six geoelectric layers were obtained from the interpretation of the sounding data. The resistivity of the second layer ranged from 52.3 to 370.7Ωm. This was assumed to be shalestone/shale, and it was overlain by the third layer, which had resistivity values between 121 m to 1491.9Ωm, which was assumed to be sandstone (sandstone materials make good aquifers).The fourth layer, had values between 12.3Ωm. m to 1052.7Ωm, the fifth layer, had values between 11.21Ωm. to 2277.2Ωm, and the last layer, which had a value of32Ωm.The Transmissivity measurements ranged from 16 m2/day to 171 m2/day, Porosities were high with strong storactivity which show that the studied area contains thick and abundant aquiferous zone. Protective capacities (PC) values of (0.01-1.260 seimens) were obtained from the VES data. Borehole depths were recommended for each profile for borehole development. The study was identified to have confine aquifer terrain because of the confining clay layer which had a large vertical extend in the adjacent layers that enclosed the aquifer layer.

Geophysical assessment of groundwater contaminations from leachate intrusion in Amoyo dumpsite

The work aims to map the extent of leachate intrusion in near-surface rocks around a reclaimed dumpsite (40 years old) in Amoyo town. Sixteen very low- frequency electromagnetic (VLF - EM) profiles were distributed in the four cardinal directions around the site. Twenty-nine (29) points were sounded, using Schlumberger approach, at all identified VLF anomalous points. The analyzed VLF-EM data revealed the presence of conductive pollutants (leachate plumes) at the subsurface. The geo-electric sections generated from the processed VES data supported the VLF-EM results. It is concluded that (i) leachate is still present in the rock formation of the reclaimed dumpsite several years after the abandonment and excavation of the waste materials (ii) the shallow aquifer is at risk of contamination (iii) the low resistivity of the basement rocks signified presence of leachates.

Nonlinear inversion of electrical resistivity sounding data for multi-layered 1-D earth model using global particle swarm optimization (GPSO)

Interpreting geophysical data requires solving nonlinear optimization problem(s) in inversion. Analytical methods such as least-square have some intrinsic limitations, which include slow convergence and dimensionality, making heuristic-based swarm intelligence a better alternative. Large-scale nonlinear optimization problems in inversion can be solved effectively using a technique within the swarm intelligence family called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). This study evaluates the inversion of geoelectrical resistivity data with global particle swarm optimization (GPSO). We attempted to invert field vertical electrical sounding data for a multi-layered 1-D earth model using the developed particle swarm optimization algorithm. The result of the PSO-interpreted VES data was compared with that of the least square inversion result from Winresist 1.0. According to the PSO-interpreted VES results, satisfactory solutions may be attained with a swarm of 200 or fewer particles, and convergence can be reached in fewer than 100 iterations. The GPSO inversion approach has a maximum capacity of 100 iterations, more than the least square inversion algorithm of the Winresist, which has a maximum capacity of 30 iterations. The misfit error of GPSO inversion is 6.14×10−7, much lower than that of the least square inversion of 4.0. The GPSO inversion model has lower and upper limit values of the geoelectric layer parameters model to fit the true model better. The limitations of the developed PSO inversion scheme include a slower execution time of the inversion procedures than the least-square inversion. There is a need for a priori knowledge of the number of layers from borehole reports in the study area. The PSO inversion scheme, however, estimates inverted models closer to the true solutions with greater accuracy than the least-square inversion scheme.

Evaluation of Kaolin Mineral Emplacement at Amaihe-Ukpor, Anambra Basin, Southeastern Nigeria Using Spatial Layer Electrical Resistivity Tomography

Spatial layer Resistivity tomography was carried out at a Kaolin Mining site in Amaihe-Ukpor of Anambra Basin, southeastern Nigeria. The tomograms were obtained at various depths with the aim of assessing the depths of emplacement of the Kaolin at the site. Firstly, apparent resistivity data Schlumberger-B electrode configuration was obtained from Seventy-five (75) Vertical Electrical Tomography (VES) along 6 transverses at the site. Using the VES data, tomographic plots of spatial distribution of the Kaolin minerals at depths were obtained. Interpreted tomograms showed the occurrence of Kaolin minerals bearing apparent resistivity values in the range of about (900 - 28,900 Ωm) occurrence within the depth range of 0.5 m at layer 2 to 115 m at layer 4 of the site. The tomograms show that layers 2 to 5 indicate traces of the occurrence of Kaolin, layers 2, 3 and 4 particularly showed prominence of the Kaolin. Layers 1 and 6 show no trace of the Kaolin formation enrichment on them. The spatial layer tomograms showed that the prominence of the Kaolin remains at the site occur mostly at the northern and southern zones of the surveyed site. Further mining at the site could lead to tertiary exploitation of the mineral. The site is therefore in threat of gross depletion of the environment. Hence, there is need for suspension of the ongoing extraction of the Kaolin at the site to give room for deposition and sufficient formation of the target mineral.

Using electrical resistivity imaging technique for borehole calibration in selected communities in Asutifi North District, Ghana

This study has investigated the use of Electrical Resistivity (ER) technique for siting suitable groundwater points in selected communities within the Asutifi North District of Ghana where borehole drilling success rate has been low, leading to water shortages in the dry season. The study method employed involved 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging (2D ERI) survey along existing boreholes in the area using the dipole-dipole array and correlating the outputs with existing 1D Vertical Electrical Sounding (1D VES) data and its corresponding borehole logs of the area to delineate the potential groundwater zones. The results from the 2D ERI survey showed the potential groundwater zones to be at depths of 14.7 to 58.9 m with resistivity values ranging from 2.08 to 156 Ωm while that for the 1D VES were at depths of 20 to 60 m with resistivities ranging from 67.10 to 545.28 Ωm. Also, the delineated potential groundwater zones from the 2D ERI showed a positive linear correlation with the observed aquifer zones from the borehole logs at a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.72, whereas no correlation was observed when the observed aquifer zones from the borehole logs were compared to potential groundwater zones from the 1D VES data. Additionally, the 2D pseudo-sections from the 2D ERI survey aided in categorising the different potential groundwater zones in the area as good, moderate, fair and poor. Thus, the 2D ERI technique provided more detailed information on the subsurface in the area than the 1D VES approach and would be more reliable for subsequent groundwater exploration projects in the area and similar geological terrains.

ГЕОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОЕ СТРОЕНИЕ ГУСИНООЗЕРСКОЙ И СОПРЕДЕЛЬНЫХ ВПАДИН ЗАПАДНОГО ЗАБАЙКАЛЬЯ ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ АРХИВНЫХ ДАННЫХ ВЭЗ

The paper presents the reinterpretation results of vertical electrical soundings unique archival data performed in depressions of West Transbaikalia (Gusinoozerskaya, Ubukunskaya, Orongoyskaya, Ivolginskaya depressions). The relevance of this paper is due to the not fully understood deep structure of Mesozoic depression; thicknesses and electrical resistivities of individual rock complexes, characteristics of multidirectional fault dislocations, relief of basement are undefined. Sections of measurement profiles are constructed on the basis of 1D interpretation and two-dimensional inversion of VES data. Disjunctive dislocations are identified, many of which are consistent with geological data, and previously unknown faults have also been identified. Clarification of the structure of depressions located almost on the border of the Baikal rift zone is of undoubted interest to a wide range of specialists in both geological, geophysical and related disciplines, it is important for studies of seismic safety, geodynamics and mineral prospecting.

Joint inversion of VES and Rayleigh wave data based on improved DE algorithm for near surface exploration

PurposeVertical electrical sounding (VES) and Rayleigh wave exploration are widely used in the exploration of near-surface structure, but both have limitations. This study aims to make full use of the advantages of the two methods, reduce the multiple solutions of single inversion and improve the accuracy of the inversion. Thus, a nonlinear joint inversion method of VES and Rayleigh wave exploration based on improved differential evolution (DE) algorithm was proposed.Design/methodology/approachBased on the DE algorithm, a new initialization strategy was proposed. Then, taking AK-type with high-velocity interlayer model and HA-type with low-velocity interlayer model near the surface as examples, the inversion results of different methods were compared and analyzed. Then, the proposed method was applied to the field data in Chengde, Hebei Province, China. The stratum structure was accurately depicted and verified by drilling.FindingsThe synthetic data and field data results showed that the joint inversion of VES and Rayleigh wave data based on the improved DE algorithm can effectively improve the interpretation accuracy of the single-method inversion and had strong stability and large generalizable ability in near-surface engineering problems.Originality/valueA joint inversion method of VES and Rayleigh wave data based on improved DE algorithm is proposed, which can improve the accuracy of single-method inversion.

GEOLOGICAL MODELLING OF LITHOSEQUENT BASED ON DEM AND FINITE ELEMENT METHOD INVERSION OF VES DATA

The aims of this study are to develop interpretation of structural geology in lithosequent using DEM and finite elemen method based on VES data. This research was conducted on June 2021 untill January 2022 at Pasang District, North Toraja. Four main point location were selected and recorded in google earth. Those points were processed using software QGIS for developing 3D model, Saga-GIS for interpolated DEM and VES for generating 1D and 2D geoelectrical modelling. Data were interpolated using Universal Kriging method and analysed using IP2WIN software. The results of these research shows that Geostatistical Universal Kriging can be used for interpolating DEM in lithosequent Pasang Village, by using as the variogram equation and yield 95,12% determinations; VES method in geoelectrical resistivity can be configure into 2D and produce clearer modeling of pseudo-section; The synthetics data can be generated from field measurement data and interpretation of 2D VES; Result of synthetic block on geoelectrical data can be inverted using Finite Element Method and generated clearer data; By using these methods, the thickness of weathering layer in lithosequent Pasang Village can be estimated and modelling.

Combined geophysical and hydrological study on climatic factors variability and their effect on aquifer productivity and recharge in Obubra, Cross River state

Combined techniques of geophysics, hydrology and hydrogeology were employed in the estimation of groundwater recharge. Effects of meteorological factors on groundwater recharge were critically explored. Using tritium tagging and electrical resistivity techniques groundwater recharge was estimated. VES data was obtained from 16 stations, each with a traverse length of 500 m and inter station distance of 800m. Both the wet and dry season saw the completion of Tritium tagging surveys at every site. The study also looked at how weather conditions effected the stations aquifers productivity and recharge. The study found that rising rainfall causes an increase in groundwater recharge. The episodic variations in rainfall during period match with the patterns of groundwater recharge variation (1988-2018). The study also revealed a positive association between rainfall and groundwater recharge with a correlation coefficient of 0.9 but a negative correlation between groundwater recharge, temperature and evaporation with correlation coefficients of -0.52 and -0.42. But when the three climatic variables were combined with groundwater, the regression analysis revealed a multiple coefficient of determination of 0.821 percent (R²= 82.1 percent). Tritium tagging technique show that the recharge estimate in the study area varies between 6 and 19 percent. The study also revealed a linear relationship between electrical resistivity of the top soil and the estimated recharge.

Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding for the Investigation of Groundwater potentials at Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina

The population of Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina (the study area) is increasing every session and therefore, sources of safe water in the area is need to be improved; more importantly groundwater. Recently, water supply from Zobe Dam is connected to the study area but still it does not solve the water supply problem; hence other alternative is needed in order to supplement for existing. Various groundwater exploration programs that have been carried out in the study area have not yielded the required results. However, there was no academic research on groundwater in the study area. VES has been carried out in order to investigate groundwater potential, to determine the lithology, the resistivity value associated with the groundwater and prospect locations for groundwater exploration. The ABEM Terrameter SAS 4000 was used and a Schlumberger array was employed to accomplish this task by obtaining resistance of 7 VES points in the study area with a maximum current electrode spacing (AB) of 240 m. The VES data obtained were processed using IPI2Win software. The VES results in correlation with the and borehole log data have revealed that the near-surface materials with resistivity value between about 1 Ωm to 7,985 Ωm is representing 4 to 5 layers consisting of first layer mostly top soil and laterite, having resistivity values between 403 Ωm to 7,985 Ωm with thickness from 0.498 m to 1.21 m; second layer with resistivity values from 43.6 Ωm to 114.4 Ωm having thickness from 1.34 m to 4.71 m interpreted commonly as sandy clay and sandy soil; third layer showing resistivity values between about 1 Ωm to 38.4 Ωm is found to be a saturated layer with water; fourth layer generally indicating weathered basement with resistivity values from about 1 Ωm to 7.57 Ωm having thickness of 36.1 m and or infinite thickness, and fifth layer showing vary low resistivity value with infinite thickness. The result shows that the groundwater exploration should be conducted at VES 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 at a depth from about 30 m to 50 m revealing low resistivity values ranging from 2 Ωm to 391 Ωm however, VES 6 and 7 indicates high resistivity value and therefore poor groundwater potentials.

Landslide Analysis in Brau-Batu, East Java, Indonesia Based on Geoelectrical Resistivity Data

The Brau landslide area is about 40Ha. The Brau landslide area is administratively located in the hamlet of Brau, Gunungsari village, Bumiaji sub-district, Batu city, East Java. Hamlet of Brau is famous as a tourism area and because of dairy farm in Batu city. Topographically, this area is located in a hilly area with a range of topographical heights between 1067m to 1202m or has a topographical elevation difference of 135m. With such topography, it is not surprising that this area has a potential vulnerability to landslide geological disasters. As a precaution against further landslides, residents are planned to relocate to other safer places. However, considering that the Brau area is a source of economic livelihood for local residents, residents want to stay there. To convince and ensure the vulnerability of this area, a study related to landslide variables is needed. One thing that can be done is to apply technology that can provide subsurface information on this disaster risk area. Therefore, in this study, geophysical research was carried out using the geoelectrical resistivity method to obtain information on the subsurface conditions of the landslide field in this area. The research was conducted to obtain information on the stability of the subsurface landslide field. From 60 VES data arranged in 12 cross sections, information is obtained that 6 cross sections or 50% cross sections are in stable condition. The location with the stable condition of the landslide field is then recommended as a location for the construction of a relocation site in the landslide area of Brau.

Geoelectrical structure of the Gusinoozerskaya basin (Western Transbaikalia) based on archival vertical electrical soundings data interpretation

N this article we present the results of the archival VES data, obtained in the 50s of the last century on the territory of the Gusinoozerskaya depression of Western Transbaikalia, which is the reference for the “Transbaikal type” depression system. Interpretation made using a horizontally layered model, also the two-dimensional inversion performed. As a result, quantitative geoelectric characteristics of the Gusinoozerskaya depression deposits were obtained, and faults were identified. The maximum depth up to the reference horizon are in the southern part of the Gusinoozerskaya basin and reach 2300 m, as well as in the Ubukunskaya depression (up to 2200 m).

Geoelectrical structure of the Selenginskaya basin based on 2D, 2D inversions of archival vertical electrical soundings data

In this article we present the results of the archival VES data interpretation carried out on the territory of the Selenga depression, based on 2D, 3D invsersions.