Vertical Mulching Research Articles

Soil peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activity under soil conservation practices on sloping terrains

Soil water erosion in Bulgaria has a significant negative impact on the arable inclined lands. Two experiments were conducted with wheat and maize with application of traditional and soil protection technologies, on Calcic Chernozem soil, on the slope of 5°. Calcic Chernozems are soils exposed to frequent water erosion processes due to significant structural deficiency and low aggregate stability. The first survey was carried out in the period 2018-2020, and in addition to conventional technologies, surface and vertical mulching (with manure as mulching material) were also tested. The second was carried out in 2020-2023 and included minimal treatments for growing wheat and maize and the inclusion of cover crop (barley) in the crop rotation. An increase in the amount of soil organic carbon was found, as well as an increase of the soil peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activity. The ratio between two enzymes, is considered as humification factor, is higher in the variants under soil protection technologies. The application of soil conservation treatments such as surface mulching with manure, minimum tillage with vertical manure mulching, as well as minimum tillage combined with cover crop in a wheat-maize rotation on sloping farmlands lead to an improvement of soil organic carbon as well as an increase of soil polyphenoloxidase activity.

Impact of advanced soil conservation technologies for growing maize on sloping terrains on soil microbiota

Water erosion leads to the loss of soil, nutrients, organic matter, disruption of soil structure, reduction of moisture capacity, loss of biodiversity, and is the most significant soil degradation process when growing agricultural crops on sloping terrain. Soil microorganisms are the basis of the functioning of ecosystems, the circulation of substances, soil-forming processes and the formation of the soil structure. Microbiological indicators, such as numbers, microbial biomass, enzyme activity, etc., are a sensitive indicator of the changes that have occurred in the soil, under the influence of anthropogenic or natural impacts. The present study is on the abundance of major groups of soil microorganisms, when applying different tillage systems in growing maize on sloping terrain. The study was carried out on Carbonate Black Earth, at the Experimental Station for Combating Soil Erosion, at IASSPP “N. Pushkarov”, in the village of Trastenik, Ruse, Agricultural Academy - Sofia. A field experience with corn for grain, applying traditional and anti-erosion technologies (surface and vertical mulching) for growing corn, is presented. The obtained results show a positive influence of the applied soil protection technologies on the number of saprophytic bacteria, mold fungi, actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing and cellulose-degrading microorganisms.

The Influence of Soil Decompaction and Amendments on Soil Quality

Abstract Urban soil is often compacted during anthropogenic activities, which presents a challenging substrate for tree growth. Two techniques for decompacting soils (air spading and vertical mulching) were evaluated alone and in combination with the soil amendment biochar and/or a woodchip mulch. Effects on soil quality (bulk density, organic matter, vegetation ground cover, cotton strip degradation, root dry mass, and earthworm counts) were monitored over 5 years. A combined treatment of air spading, biochar, and a woodchip mulch layer proved optimal in improving the soil quality of a heavily compacted soil over the 5-year period. This treatment was, however, the most expensive and time-consuming. A woodchip mulch was the most effective of the individual treatments and the most cost-effective. Air spading alone proved reasonably effective in improving soil quality over the 5-year study period. Effects of air spading could be improved by addition of a woodchip mulch. Vertical mulching alone or in combination with biochar had little influence on soil quality over 5 years. Results demonstrated that effective long-term soil decompaction measures exist for arborists to improve compacted soils.

Improved soil physico-chemical characteristics, soil moisture and plant growth properties through vertical mulching in a plum orchard

ABSTRACTThis study investigated effects of vertical mulching with organic manures (applied into vertical holes in the soil) in combination with grass mulching of the soil surface, on plant growth, leaf and soil properties in plums (Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. Red Beaut) grown in Himachal Pradesh, India. Five manures were used for vertical mulching (farmyard manure, vermicompost, mushroom compost, ghanjeevamrit and jeevamrit) in combination with two levels of grass mulching (with and without). Vertical mulching treatments with ghanjeevamrit and vermicompost resulted in significant improvements of plant growth, leaf chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate. Leaf and soil nutrient concentrations were also highest in treatments with vermicompost and ghanjeevamrit, with the highest soil nutrient concentrations recorded when these manures were applied with grass mulching. For most plant growth parameters, trees grown with grass mulching performed better than those grown without. Soil physical properties were significantly enhanced by vertical mulching with vermicompost and ghanjeevamrit. Soil moisture at 15 and 30 cm depth was not affected by the vertical mulching with manures, but at 45 and 60 cm depth the manures had significant effects. Grass mulching was also found to be important for regulating soil moisture. The results showed the potential benefits of vertical mulching with manures in combination with grass mulching, with positive effects on both plant growth and soil fertility. The importance of grass mulching was highlighted in terms of its potential for preserving soil moisture and the use of ghanjeevamrit and vermicompost for their potential as nutrient sources and to improve soil fertility.

Role of Mulching in Dryland Agriculture

The efficient use of water is crucial factor during crop growth periods which can greatly improve the yield .soil moisture is the most limiting factor in dryland agriculture. It is lost as evaporation from the soil surfaces and as transpiration from the plant surfaces .Evaporation has to be arrested as it is not directly related to productivity whereas transpiration can be reduced to some extent without affecting the productivity of plants. The evaporation losses can be reduced by applying mulches. The agriculture in dryland can be done with mulching in different ways as stubble mulching, plastic mulching, straw mulching and vertical mulching Therefore, conservation of soil moisture by using mulching may be an efficient option to save water as well as rising production in dryland farming.

Loss of Nutrients Through Soil Water Erosion in Calcic Chernozem

Abstract The application of technology for water erosion control plays an essential role in development of sustainable agricultural systems. The paper presented observes the study results from a period of six years in terms of losses of mineral nitrogen and available forms of phosphorus and potassium in the cultivation of wheat and maize on sloping terrains (on calcic chernozem soil type) under the influence of water erosion processes. The impacts of four different types of technology (conventional technology performed along the slope; conventional technology applied across the slope; surface mulching; and minimum tillage with vertical mulching) on nutrient losses were tested. On average, the annual losses of mineral nitrogen, available forms of phosphorus and potassium in wheat production along the slope utilizing conventional technology were 6.0 kg·ha−1y−1, 1.6 kg·ha−1y−1, 5.9 kg·ha−1y−1, and 11.3 kg·ha−1y−1, 2.1 kg kg·ha−1y−1, 10.8 kg kg·ha−1y−1 in maize production. The lowest losses in these elements occurred with minimal employment of tillage system, as they reached values of 2.3 kg·ha−1y−1; 0.6 kg·ha−1y−1, 2.0 kg·ha−1y−1, respectively, in wheat production, and 1.7 kg·ha−1y−1, 0.3 kg·ha−1y−1, 1. kg·ha−1y−1, respectively, in maize production.

A method to compute the effect of vertical mulching on the reduction of surface runoff

Six plots (three as controls) were established in southern Brazil to assess the reduction in runoff by vertical mulching (vm). In the other three, ditches (0.08-m wide, 0.4-m deep) were cut perpendicular to the slope, 2-m and 12-m upslope from the bottom of the plot where a flume was installed to measure runoff. Three simulated rainfalls (80mmh-1 for 120min, 80mmh-1 for 65min, 97mmh-1 for 65min) were applied with a sprinkler system to generate runoff. Compared to the controls, vm delayed its beginning by 10 to 20min and reduced its volume by 34 to 39%, because initially all and later some runoff was caught in the ditches from where it infiltrated into the surrounding soil. Based on the experimental results, we derived a method to compute the runoff reduction by vm as influenced by ditch spacing (ds), initial soil moisture content (θi), and rainfall rate and duration. Computations for a combination of four ds (5 to 20m), five θi (16 to 32%-vol), and three rainfall regimes (124mmh-1 for 20min, 66mmh-1 for 60min, and 42mmh-1 for 120min) showed an increasing runoff reduction as ds or θi decreased. In some cases, runoff was even completely prevented. The reductions were larger in the 60-min than in the 20-min rainfall. For the 120-min rainfall, there was no runoff with any combination of ds and θi.

Mulching Techniques to Conserve the Soil Water and Advance the Crop Production - A Review

The necessity to increase the production of food grains and enhances the quality of surrounding environment has leaded to find the materials to control or regulate the water and wind erosion. Mulching has become now a days an essential and decisive exercise in agricultural production. It lessens the application of herbicides and various chemical fertilizers, control the weeds and maintains the soil moisture and soil temperature. This article consists of the detail reviews of different research conducted on mulches and elaborate the opportunities that they resolving the problem in agriculture. The resources of water for agricultural operations have been inadequate over the years as a result of global warming and uneven or uncertain rainfall in the low rainfall zones of India. To alleviate the water scarcity in agriculture, mulching has a vital impact as a water conserving technique in rain-fed cropping. It is very important primarily for preserving the soil moisture, preventing evaporation of soil and governing the soil temperature, which affects the food production. India being an agricultural country should have a better admiration towards water conservation tactics. By now we are fighting from a great stress of water insufficiency. Each and every drop of water is important for us but inappropriately because of inattentiveness, we repeatedly waste gigantic volume of water in which 70 to 80 % is passed down for irrigation purpose. Mulching and micro- irrigation techniques can play a vital role in controlling the over and excessive irrigation. This practice assistance to prevent weed growth, increment soil moisture, reduce soil erosion, maintain soil temperature, augments soil structure, improves soil fertility and improvise soil biological regime. There are several categories of mulching which are organic mulching, inorganic mulching, natural mulching, synthetic mulching, surface mulching, upright mulching or vertical mulching, plastic mulching, rubber mulching, pebble or stone mulching, dust mulching, straw mulching, landscape fabric, live vegetative barriers etc. Mulching also shows some limitations beyond many advantages as it may harbor some insects, pests and diseases and also create some weed problems sometimes. The current analysis deals with argument of every single feature of mulching and it’s beneficiary effects.

The good with the bad: when ecological restoration facilitates native and non‐native species

Organisms interact with each other along a spectrum ranging from competition to facilitation. A theme in restoration ecology is tipping the balance of these interactions to favor desired species and site conditions, exemplified by restoring fertile islands and their nurse plant effects to encourage plant recruitment. We tested the effectiveness of outplanting nursery‐grown native perennials and vertical mulching (placing dead plant material upright in soil) for stimulating annual plant recruitment in a disturbed Mojave Desert shrubland in Joshua Tree National Park, California, U.S.A. Over 9 years, differences in annual species richness and cover between interspaces and below outplants and vertical mulch varied among years, potentially via inter‐annual fluctuations in precipitation or maturation of restoration sites. In the ninth year, which was the wettest, both native and non‐native cover averaged 3× higher below outplants than in interspaces. Overall among years at the microsite scale, non‐native annual plants more consistently exploited environments provided by outplants and vertical mulch structures than did native annuals. However, these restoration structures were important for native annual diversity. At the 40‐m2 plot scale, disturbed plots that received outplanting supported greater richness of native annual species than disturbed unrestored plots. By facilitating both non‐native and native plants, reestablishing fertile islands to restore dryland ecosystems is a conundrum for restoration. Treatments reducing non‐native plants may need to accompany fertile island restoration to tip the balance of facilitative plant interactions in favor of native species.

Prediksi Laju Erosi Guna Penerapan Metode Konservasi Tanah dan Air pada Aktivitas Pertanian Daerah Lereng Warmare

<em>This study aims to determine the rate of soil erosion in the agricultural sloping are at Warmare to plan the improvement that can be done so that farming activities can be done without incurring great risk in the damage to the environment and human safety. The study was carried out by conducting ground survey techniques and description of the results of the soil survey and land evaluation. The prediction of erosion rates is done by using the equation of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The results showed the actual rate of soil erosion in the area slopes Warmare for each SPT: SPT 1 (56.24 tonnes/ha/year) in the secondary forest land use, SPT 2 (2552.63 tonnes/ha/year) existing land use cultivation, SPT 3 (2325.03 tonnes/ha/year) in the area of the former land use shifting cultivation, and SPT 4 (9.88 tonnes/ha/year) on the use of secondary forest land. The main trigger factor increasing rate of soil erosion on some of SPT is the slope degree and length, as well as agriculture activity without concerning conservation. The improvement necessary for the application of soil and water conservation in the agriculture activity namely (1) slope modifications by using mechanical and civil engineering methods such as terrace, rorak and vertical mulching application; (2) soil surface protection from raindrops and runoff by �using vegetative methods; (3) cultivation techniques collaboration by using agronomic methods.</em>

Enhancing and Restoring Habitat for the Desert Tortoise

Abstract Habitat has changed unfavorably during the past 150 y for the desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii, a federally threatened species with declining populations in the Mojave Desert and western Sonoran Desert. To support recovery efforts, we synthesized published information on relationships of desert tortoises with three habitat features (cover sites, forage, and soil) and candidate management practices for improving these features for tortoises. In addition to their role in soil health and facilitating recruitment of annual forage plants, shrubs are used by desert tortoises for cover and as sites for burrows. Outplanting greenhouse-grown seedlings, protected from herbivory, has successfully restored (>50% survival) a variety of shrubs on disturbed desert soils. Additionally, salvaging and reapplying topsoil using effective techniques is among the more ecologically beneficial ways to initiate plant recovery after severe disturbance. Through differences in biochemical composition and digestibility, some plant species provide better-quality forage than others. Desert tortoises selectively forage on particular annual and herbaceous perennial species (e.g., legumes), and forage selection shifts during the year as different plants grow or mature. Nonnative grasses provide low-quality forage and contribute fuel to spreading wildfires, which damage or kill shrubs that tortoises use for cover. Maintaining a diverse “menu” of native annual forbs and decreasing nonnative grasses are priorities for restoring most desert tortoise habitats. Reducing herbivory by nonnative animals, carefully timing herbicide applications, and strategically augmenting annual forage plants via seeding show promise for improving tortoise forage quality. Roads, another disturbance, negatively affect habitat in numerous ways (e.g., compacting soil, altering hydrology). Techniques such as recontouring road berms to reestablish drainage patterns, vertical mulching (“planting” dead plant material), and creating barriers to prevent trespasses can assist natural recovery on decommissioned backcountry roads. Most habitat enhancement efforts to date have focused on only one factor at a time (e.g., providing fencing) and have not included proactive restoration activities (e.g., planting native species on disturbed soils). A research and management priority in recovering desert tortoise habitats is implementing an integrated set of restorative habitat enhancements (e.g., reducing nonnative plants, improving forage quality, augmenting native perennial plants, and ameliorating altered hydrology) and monitoring short- and long-term indicators of habitat condition and the responses of desert tortoises to habitat restoration.

Comparative Study of Microbial Activity and Chemical Properties of Soil by Implementing Anti-erosion Measure Vertical Mulching with Organic Residues

Water soil erosion is a phenomenon in which soil particles are separated transported and translocated by the action of rain water. Removal of topsoil by water flow leads to a decrease of humus in the soil, deterioration of soil structure, compaction, and reduction of microbial activity.Developed and tested have been number of methods and technologies for soil protection from the effects of water erosion. Such technology is vertical mulching, and straw or compost applied as mulching material.This work is a study of the changes that occur in some soil chemical properties and soil microbiological activity, as a result in the implementation of anti-erosion measure vertical mulching with different mulching materials for growing corn and wheat grain on carbonate chernozem, on sloping agricultural lands.

INFLUÊNCIA DO MANEJO DO SOLO NA INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA

The soil infiltration is the process of entry of water by surface water that infiltrates is responsible for groundwater recharge. The water stored in the ground via infiltration is also used by plants so that they carry out their vital functions. Knowing the soil infiltration is critical to define management techniques and soil conservation, and assist in planning irrigation and drainage techniques. The soil infiltration is dependent on several factors, this theoretical framework it will focus on soil management, especially in practices that maximize infiltration, reducing erosion. Among the practices stand out from the vertical mulching, terracing, no-tillage and soil cover. Water is an essential resource, probably the only natural resource used in all aspects of civilization, therefore, regardless of the sector is necessary for conservation, and considering soil as a universal filter high storage capacity is essential that the soil infiltration is efficient.

Proposta metodológica para o cálculo de espaçamento entre sulcos de mulching vertical

O mulching vertical é uma prática mecânica para contenção do escoamento superficial que, apesar de mostrar-se promissora, ainda se encontra em fase de validação. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo propor e testar uma metodologia para o cálculo do espaçamento entre sulcos de mulching vertical, quanto à eficiência na redução das perdas de água, solo e nutrientes por escoamento superficial, em condições de campo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida entre outubro de 2009 e março de 2010, durante o ciclo da cultura do milho (Zea mays), em uma área de semeadura direta consolidada. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e seis tratamentos constituídos de sulcos de mulching vertical, construídos perpendicularmente ao declive, distribuídos em diferentes distâncias. Nas amostras de escoamento, foram analisados os seguintes atributos: volume de água perdido, massa de solo no sedimento e nutrientes no sedimento e na água de escoamento superficial. Não foram constatadas diferenças significativas para o efeito de tratamentos nas perdas de solo. De forma geral, os tratamentos com 0 e 5,4 m entre sulcos foram os mais eficientes em conter as perdas de água e de nutrientes (na água e no sedimento). Pela metodologia proposta e nas condições avaliadas, o mulching vertical não se mostrou eficiente em conter as perdas de água, solo e nutrientes por escoamento superficial.

"Vertical mulching" como prática conservacionista para manejo de enxurrada em sistema plantio direto

Nas regiões brasileiras de clima temperado e subtropical úmido, situadas ao sul do paralelo 24° de latitude sul, as características fundamentais da chuva apresentam potencial para superar a taxa de infiltração de água no solo e gerar enxurrada, em qualquer época do ano, independentemente do uso e do manejo de solo. O sistema plantio direto não tem sido implementado com a plenitude das práticas conservacionistas requeridas pelas condições de solo dessas regiões do País para conter o potencial erosivo de chuvas intensas. A enxurrada resulta na produção de sedimento enriquecido por agroquímicos, que, além de promover prejuízos econômicos ao sistema agrícola produtivo, pode afetar a ambiência. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência da prática conservacionista vertical mulching no manejo de enxurrada em lavouras sob sistema plantio direto, por meio da quantificação do índice de enriquecimento do sedimento. O estudo contemplou amostragens pareadas de solo em lavouras sem e com a prática conservacionista vertical mulching. As amostras pareadas foram constituídas por solo representativo de cada lavoura e pelo respectivo sedimento gerado por erosão hídrica. As amostras foram submetidas à determinação de pH em água, índice SMP, P disponível, K, Ca, Mg e Al trocáveis e matéria orgânica, e calculadas a soma de bases, a saturação por bases e a capacidade de troca de cátions efetiva. Os resultados indicam que a prática conservacionista vertical mulching reduz o grau de enriquecimento do sedimento produzido e previne o carreamento deste para fora da lavoura, minimizando perdas econômicas e riscos à ambiência. Em adição, infere-se que o sistema plantio direto, sem práticas complementares para manejo de enxurrada, não representa manejo conservacionista de solo capaz de prevenir degradação ambiental.

Effect of tillage and mode of straw mulch application on soil erosion in the submontaneous tract of Punjab, India

The submontaneous tract of Punjab comprising 10% of the state, is prone to soil erosion by water. Soils of the area are coarse in texture, low in organic matter and poor in fertility. High intensity rains during the monsoon season result in fertile topsoil removal. There is an urgent need to control soil erosion in this region so as to improve soil productivity. A field study was conducted to estimate the effect of tillage and different modes of mulch application on soil erosion losses. Treatments comprised two levels of tillage, viz. minimum ( T m) and conventional ( T c) in the main plots and five modes of straw mulch application, viz. mulch spread over whole plot ( M w), mulch spread on lower one-third of plot ( M 1/3), mulch applied in strips ( M s), vertical mulching ( M v) and unmulched control ( M o), in subplots in a replicated split plot design. Rate of mulch application was 6 t ha −1 in all modes. Compared with M o, M w reduced runoff by 33%. Runoff and soil loss were 5 and 40% higher under T c than under T m. Though other modes of straw mulch application ( M 1/3, M s and M v) controlled soil loss better than M o, their effectiveness was less than M w. T m was more effective in conserving soil moisture than T c. Compared with M o, M w had 3–7% higher soil moisture content in the 0–30 cm soil depth under T m. Minimum soil temperature of the surface layer was 1.4–2.4 °C lower under M w than under M o. Straw mulching reduced maximum soil temperature and helped in conserving soil moisture. Minimum tillage coupled with M w was highly effective in reducing soil erosion losses, decreasing soil temperature and increasing moisture content by providing maximum surface cover.

Vertical Mulching of Trees: Effects on Roots and Water Status

We examined the effect of vertical mulching on root growth and xylem water potential of large sugar maples (Acersaccharum) growing in pastures. Root mass in the 35-40 cm depth of undisturbed soil was about 50% that in the 5-10 cm depth, and root mass at the edge of the canopy (7.5 m from the trunk) was about 40% that found at 1 /4 the distance to the edge of the canopy. After three growing seasons, the abundance of roots in perlite-filled vertical mulch channels (0.6 kg/m3) was significantly (P<0.0001) less than in undisturbed soil 1-2 m away from mulch channels (4.4 kg/m3) and in undisturbed soil immediately surrounding mulch channels (3.5 kg/m3). Predawn and midday xylem water potentials, measured in late summer and used as indices of tree health, did not differ between mulched and non-mulched trees. Our results indicated that perlite-filled vertical mulch channels did not affect tree health, and, rather than being utilized as preferred pathways of growth, were avoided by tree roots.

Effect of vertical mulch on moisture conservation and yield of sorghum in Vertisols

The intake rate of the local Vertisol is very low (0.08 cm/h). Vertical mulch was used from 1971 to 1976 in order to improve infiltration. Higher moisture contents were recorded near the mulch. The favourable effects of mulch extended to 1.5 m on either side of the mulch row. Vertical mulching exerted a greater influence on crop yields under dry conditions than in normal and above normal seasons. Compared with low yields in control plots (grain: 0.2 q/ha (20 kg/ha); straw: 9.5 q/ha (950 kg/ha)) mulches spaced at 2, 4 and 8 m produced 3.9 q/ha of grain and 19.0 q/ha of straw under the extremely dry conditions of 1972–1973. However, the increase in grain and straw yields under wet conditions in 1973–1974 was only 47.2 and 15.0%, respectively. Averaged over dry and wet years, vertical mulching resulted in 45.1 and 37.9% higher grain and straw yields. The favourable effects of vertical mulching were found to last for 4 years. Considering dry and wet years, a spacing of 4 m was found to be ideal. Placing sorghum stubble as a vertical mulch to the top of the salt zone (30 cm) was found to be as good as placing it to a depth of 90 cm.

Vertical Topsoiling, A Practicable Technique to Manage Soils with Markedly Compact Subsoils

The effects of vertical topsoiling, vertical mulching, deep plowing and a combination of vertical mulching and deep plowing were studied in field experiments conducted on a Mabí clay soil, a Vertisol in east-central Puerto Rico. The results obtained in these experiments indicate that any mechanical soil modification technique that disturbs the subsoil of Mabí clay and similar soils, which comprise around 90,000 acres in Puerto Rico, tends to increase sugarcane and corn yields. Vertical mulching and deep plowing resulted in significant increases of 0.5 tons of sugar over the control in the first cane crop, whereas vertical topsoiling resulted in significant and highly significant increases of 0.5 and 0.64 tons in the first and second crop, respectively. Water infiltration rates were generally 2 to 3 times higher in the vertical mulching and vertical topsoiling plots than in the control although the differences were not statistically significant due to extreme variations. A combination of deep plowing and vertical mulching resulted in a 70-percent increase of shelled Mayorbela corn over the control, while vertical topsoiling alone produced a 57-percent increase. Vertical topsoiling induced abundant root penetration to a depth of 30 inches whereas roots in the control were confined mostly to a depth rarely exceeding 10 inches.

TEKNIK MULSA VERTIKAL PADA BUDIDAYA TEBU (Saccharum officinarum.L) RATOON SATU

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum.L) is the main material in sugar industry. An effort to improve the quality of dry land for sugarcane cultivation is important. One of the effort than can be done is the additional of organic metter to the soil. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of vertical mulching techniques for soil organic matter content and soil chemistry fertility and its relationship with the vegetative growth of the ratoon sugarcane. This research was conducted at Agricultural High School Practice (STPP) Medan-Binjai KM.10 districts Sunggal Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, from May -December 2013. This study was conducted using a randomized block design non factorial with four treatments, were: horizontal mulch (M1), vertical mulch (M2), vertical mulch with Trichoderma sp. (M3), Vertical mulch mixed with cow manure (M4). The result from the research showed, that vertical mulch mixture with manure can increase the level of C-organic, N-content, and the lower of Ratio C/ N . Vertical mulching treatment mix with manure, increasing the shoot length of sugarcane 21.9%, the number of plants per clump 6.8%, the number of plants per meter 50%, wet weight 68.28% and dry weight 41.9%, compared with horizontal mulch