Venture Networks Research Articles

Pemberdayaan Rumah Tangga menuju Kemandirian melalui Modal Sosial pada Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH)

This article aims to reveal 1) The Role of Program Keluarga Harapan or known as PKH (Family of Hope Program) in empowering beneficiary households or known as KPM (Keluarga Penerima Manfaat), 2) The Role of Social Capital in realizing the independence of KPM-PKH in Sukoharjo district, Central Java Province, Indonesia. This research is qualitative by using a case study approach. The determination of informants used a purposive sampling technique. The informants were eight beneficiary households and four key informants they were the Head of Sukoharjo district office of the Ministry of Social Services, coordinator of Sukoharjo district, PKH supervisor, PKH facilitator, and two key informants to support any information. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed into three stages; data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The data were verified by observation and source triangulation and time. The result showed that 1) The Role of PKH in empowering the beneficiary households by providing social assistance, strengthening by the regular meeting of Family Development Session, known as P2K2 (Pertemuan Peningkatan Kemampuan Keluarga), strengthening by PKH cooperative, and joint business group, known as KUBE (Kelompok Usaha Bersama), 2) The Role of social capital to build independence of KPM-PKH by adopting cultural values, trust, reciprocity, participation, communication system, and venture networks of beneficiary households. This is caused by the relevance of social bonding, social bridging and social linking carried out by KPM-PKH. To conclude, livelihoods choice of KPM-PKH by employing social capital becomes strategic and productive opportunities to empower independence among poor households as beneficiary of PKH.

Rising Tide or Sinking Ships: The Effects of Status Heterogeneity in New Venture Networks

Rising Tide or Sinking Ships: The Effects of Status Heterogeneity in New Venture Networks

A Theory of Corporate Joint Ventures

How can corporations be competitors and partners at the same time? This is the dilemma of the corporate joint venture. I argue that the key legal challenge facing corporate co-venturers is to construct a coherent set of fiduciary duties among the corporate partners. This paper makes three contributions.First, the paper shows that the default fiduciary duties of corporate joint ventures conflict. This fact --- that the law itself creates a conflict --- has not been previously recognized by the literature. The paper then presents a theory of how corporations respond to this fiduciary conflict: Corporations (1) alter the default loyalty duties through a covenant not to compete (CNC) and then (2) avoid conflicts by operating the venture through a separate entity. This theory thus offers a new role for both CNCs and entities.Second, this contractual response is actually quite fragile because states vary considerably to the extent they (1) are willing to enforce covenants not to compete and (2) permit partners to alter their fiduciary duties. The paper offers a policy recommendation in light of these enforcement problems: an internal affairs doctrine for corporate joint ventures.Finally, the paper details the existence of joint venture networks. These networks further compound fiduciary conflicts and require us to update both competition policy and the theory of the firm.

Entrepreneurship ecosystems and women entrepreneurs: a social capital and network approach

This study investigates the effects of venture typology, race, ethnicity, and past venture experience on the social capital distribution of women entrepreneurs in entrepreneurial ecosystems. Social network data from two municipal ecosystems in Florida, USA (Gainesville and Jacksonville), suggest that network connectivity and the distribution of social capital are significantly different for men and women entrepreneurs. This difference is contingent on the venture type. Male entrepreneurs show higher comparative scores of bridging social capital in aggressive- and managed-growth venture networks, while women entrepreneurs surpass their male counterparts’ bridging capital scores in lifestyle and survival venture networks. Lastly, experienced women entrepreneurs that self-identified as white showed a higher degree of network connectivity and bridging social capital in the entrepreneurial ecosystem than less experienced non-white female entrepreneurs. Implications for entrepreneurship practice and new research paths are discussed.

A relational lifecycle model of the emergence of network capability in new ventures

This article presents a relational lifecycle model of the emergence of network capability in new ventures. Network capability is defined as a strategic ability learned in interaction with business partners. We focus on the foundational phases and processes of the emergence of this dynamic capability. The lifecycle model comprises three phases that evolve over time in tandem with the level of network engagement. The qualitative study identifies five tipping points or critical changes that move new ventures between the lifecycle phases. Using a sample of new ventures in a longitudinal action research design, the article demonstrates how new ventures emerge in network capability through increasingly complex and multilayered engagement processes with business partners. The relational lifecycle model contributes to the literature on how network capability emerges over time through the dynamics of interaction between business partners as new venture networks evolve and change.

The Contract Frontier: A Study of the Modern Joint Venture

How can corporations be competitors and partners at the same time? This is the dilemma of the corporate joint venture. I argue that the key legal challenge facing corporate co-venturers is to construct a coherent set of fiduciary duties among the corporate partners. This paper makes three contributions.First, the paper shows that the default fiduciary duties of corporate joint ventures conflict. This fact --- that the law itself creates a conflict --- has not been previously recognized by the literature. The paper then presents a theory of how corporations respond to this fiduciary conflict: Corporations (1) alter the default loyalty duties through a covenant not to compete (CNC) and then (2) avoid conflicts by operating the venture through a separate entity. This theory thus offers a new role for both CNCs and entities.Second, this contractual response is actually quite fragile because states vary considerably to the extent they (1) are willing to enforce covenants not to compete and (2) permit partners to alter their fiduciary duties. The paper offers a policy recommendation in light of these enforcement problems: an internal affairs doctrine for corporate joint ventures.Finally, the paper details the existence of joint venture networks. These networks further compound fiduciary conflicts and require us to update both competition policy and the theory of the firm.

The impact of early imprinting on the evolution of new venture networks

Given the argued importance of networks to new ventures, this paper is intended to fill a noted gap in the literature pertaining to the factors that influence the evolution of new ventures' alliance networks. Drawing on the imprinting literature, we propose that one has to look beyond the first partner per se, and instead focus on the extant relationships the initial partner has with other firms. More specifically, we argue and find that the network size and centrality of a new venture's initial alliance partner influence the subsequent size of the new venture's network.

The resource dynamics of international new venture networks

Building on network theory and the resource-based view of the firm, this paper uses three case studies to explore how networks facilitate resource development in the international new venture. Set in the context of the conception, commercialization and growth stages of venture development, four propositions are advanced. These pertain to the dynamics of organizational, human, physical, financial and social capital, and the nature of these resource flows as they pertain to the INV network. Implications for research and INV management are discussed.

The network dynamics of international new ventures

This study uses multi-site case research to advance a set of propositions regarding the network dynamics of early-stage international new ventures. The investigative approach builds on arguments that network theory and analysis are fundamental to international entrepreneurship. In the spirit of cross-disciplinary research, perspectives from the entrepreneurship literature are embraced to help inform our understanding of international new venture networks.

A Note on Venture Capital Networks: Promise and Performance

Since 1984 Informal Venture Networks (VCNs) have been formed and are currently operating in several states and Canada. However, little has been written in regard to the performance of these networks. This article presents the results of preliminary research concerning their performance. Our research reveals several factors that are presently limiting the VCNs’ success and will continue to do so until diey are changed. The limited success of the VCNs to date is primarily the result of a lack of funding. Because of small operating budgets, most VCNs have only minimal amounts available for marketing and promotion. Until the VCNs are adequately funded, their high promise will not be matched by performance.