Flow Velocity Characteristics Research Articles

Effects of Patch Properties of Submerged Vegetation on Sediment Scouring and Deposition

Vegetation plays a key role in trapping sediments and further controlling pollutants. However, few studies were conducted to clarify the erosion and deposition laws of sediments and the influence factors caused by vegetation patch properties, which is not conducive to the revelation of riverbank protection and erosion prevention. Therefore, this study investigated the change in scouring and deposition characteristics around submerged vegetation patches of nine kinds of typical configurations and their influencing factors. Vegetation patches were assembled from three vegetation densities (G/d = 0.83, 1.3, and 1.77, representing dense, medium, and sparse, respectively), and three vegetation patch thicknesses (dn = 170, 400, and 630, representing narrow, usual, and wide, respectively), to measure vegetation patch property influences. Flow velocity, scouring, and deposition characteristics under nine patches were determined by a hydraulic flume experiment, three-dimensional acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV), and three-dimensional laser scanner, and then ten geometry and morphology indices were measured and calculated based on the results of laser scanning. Results showed that both vegetation patch density and thickness were positively related to the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) above the vegetation canopy, and only vegetation patch density was negatively related to the flow velocity above the vegetation canopy. The relation between the product of density and vegetation patch thickness and erosion area in planform (EA) showed a power function (R2 = 0.644). Both density and vegetation patch thickness determined the scouring degree, but deposition location and amount did not rely on each one simply. On average, medium density showed the smallest maximum erosion length (MEL), EA, deposition area in planform (DA), and average deposition length (ADL) and a minimum of the above parameters also occurred at narrow vegetation patch thickness. The shape factor of the erosion volume (SFEV), the shape factor of the deposition volume (SFDV), ADL, and MEL of medium density and narrow thickness vegetation patch (G/d = 1.3, dn = 170) were significantly smaller than that of other types of patches. DA and equivalent prismatic erosion depth on the erosion area (EPED) were significantly linearly related (R2 = 0.766). Consequently, most sediment was deposited close to the vegetation patch edge. It is suggested that vegetation patch thickness and density should be given to control sediment transport. In particular, natural vegetation growth changes vegetation patch density and then alters vegetation patch thickness. Management and repair need to be first considered. The results of this study shed light on riparian zone recovery and vegetation filter strip mechanism.

Seasonal variations in drag coefficient of salt marsh vegetation

Understanding the seasonal variations of vegetation drag coefficients is crucial for improving wave attenuation predictions and adapting to climate impacts. This study explores the seasonal changes in drag coefficients within salt marsh vegetation, using data from a year-long series of field measurements at the Chongming Dongtan Wetland. It uncovers the complex seasonal variations of drag coefficients. Results demonstrate that incorporating a nonlinear equation for characteristic flow velocity and effective vegetation length significantly improves the precision of drag coefficient predictions, ensuring a closer match with field observations. Furthermore, it introduces a refined drag coefficient formula that incorporates adjustments for vegetation stiffness and relative submergence, offering a more accurate representation of the seasonal variability in drag forces exerted by salt marsh vegetation. This enhanced formula is crucial for accurately assessing vegetation's role in wave attenuation, providing critical insights for the design and implementation of coastal defense and wetland conservation initiatives.

Secondary flow characteristics in confluent streams with vegetation

Vegetation commonly exists in river confluences and alters flow structures, affecting the strength and direction of secondary flows. This study investigated the impact of vegetation on the secondary flow structures of a confluence by measuring three-dimensional instantaneous velocities under different vegetative conditions. By utilizing downstream and horizontal flow velocity characteristics, a secondary flow coefficient concept was introduced to describe secondary flow vorticity directions and strengths. The influence of vegetation was assessed in the context of Reynolds stress, the relative strength of secondary flows, and the direction of secondary flow vorticities to clarify the mechanisms by which vegetation affects secondary flows. The findings reveal opposing vertical forces in the confluent section due to incoming tributary flows, resulting in secondary flow generation. Vegetation redistributes cross-sectional water energy, increasing energy convergence within vegetated areas. This amplifies secondary flow strengths and alters vorticity directions. The impact of vegetation on secondary flows is evident in the increase in rotational intensity. Considering various factors, such as the confluence ratio, flow velocity, and distance from the confluence, is crucial, as the influence of vegetation on flows is multifaceted.

Research on wake characteristics and HCWF blade number matching of a new coupled propeller

For the purpose of wake energy recovery and hub vortex control in a new Coupled Propeller (CP), three hub cap with fins (HCWF) schemes with different blade numbers are designed for a specific multi-blade CP. A numerical investigation of the CP-HCWF system is conducted using the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method. Firstly, the analysis focuses on the distribution of axial and tangential flow velocity characteristics of the CP. The wake spectral characterization analysis results reveal that the 10th-order component is equivalent to the 5th-order components within 0.7 R of the HCWF. However, beyond 0.7 R of the HCWF, the 10th-order component becomes more significant. Then, the influence of the HCWF blade number on the CP performance is further analyzed. Hydrodynamic efficiency, post-hub pressure recovery, wake energy recovery, and hub vortex elimination improve with increased HCWF blade numbers. The 10-blade HCWF demonstrates the best performance. Ultimately, the reliability of the numerical findings is verified through the model test. The efficiency variation with the fin number exhibits a consistent trend in the test and calculation results. It is suggested that the HCWF blade number is selected by considering the sum of the CP blades as a reference.

Multi-Physical Field Simulation of Magnetorheological Fluid Flow State in Valve Magnetorheological Damper

Magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is a kind of magnetic field responsive intelligent fluid, which is widely concerned in the field of damping and vibration reduction. The flow state of MRF plays a key role in vibration control in dampers. In this work, the flow behavior. of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) in a valve damper is studied through multi-physical field simulations. The objective is to comprehensively comprehend the influence of the magnetic field on the velocity distribution and pressure drop of the MRF within the damper channel. The magnetic field is generated by creating an electrified coil, and the magnetic flux density is subsequently changed by adjusting the current. The magnetic field calculation shows that the magnetic field is almost perpendicular to the MRF flow direction at the narrowest part of the damper channel. Next, based on the coupling calculation of multiple physical fields between fluid flow, electric field, and magnetic field, the flow velocity and pressure characteristics of MRF in the flow channel were calculated and analyzed. The results indicate that at the slit where the MRF flow direction is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, the volume force acting on the MRF reduces its flow velocity, resulting in a significant pressure difference between the left and right sides of the flow channel. Additionally, the flow rate of MRF exhibits a decrease as the magnetic field strength increases. When the magnetic field strength increases from 0. 5T to 1. 5T, the flow rate of MRF fluid at the narrowest part of the flow channel decreases by about 0. 18m/s.

Research on the Characteristics of Flow Velocity of a Piped Car when Starting in a Straight Pipe Section under Different Loads

It is of great significance to explore the flow velocity characteristics of piped cars when they are started under different loads. In this paper, the flow velocity characteristics of the water flow around a piped car when it is started in the straight pipe section are studied through physical experiments. The masses of the piped cars are 1.5 kg, 1.9 kg, and 2.3 kg, respectively. The results show that, with the increase in the load of the pipeline car, the axial flow velocity in the front section increases, the absolute values of radial flow velocity and circumferential flow velocity increase, and the gradient of flow velocity increases. The positive radial flow velocity and negative circumferential flow velocity regions increase, and the distribution of positive and negative radial flow velocities and circumferential flow velocities is obvious. The gradients of axial, radial, and circumferential flow velocities in the annular section all increase, and the contour spacing becomes smaller and more densely distributed. The absolute values of the radial and circumferential flow velocities increase. The regional demarcation of axial flow velocity in the rear section is more obvious, and the average value of axial flow velocity in the high-flow-velocity area behind the vehicle increases. Additionally, the gradient of flow velocity increases. The absolute values of radial velocity and circumferential velocity increase, the gradient of velocity increases, and the velocity distribution is obviously regional. This study supplements and improves the theoretical study of a piped car when it is started and has certain reference value for the research and application of the hydraulic transport technology of the barrel-loading pipeline.

Mechanisms of Diffusion thermo and Thermal diffusion on MHD Mixed Convection Flow of Casson fluid over a vertical cone with porous material in the presence of thermophoresis and a Brownian motion

In this present article, we analyzed the Effects of Diffusion thermo and Thermal Diffusion on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection flow for Casson nanofluid is deliberated a vertical cone with porous material. The modeled equations are transformed into a set of non-linear ODEs by employing similar transformable variables. These equations are then solved numerically using the shooting method, through the fourth-order Runge–Kutta integration procedure. Effects of some prominent physical parameters, such as diffusion thermo, Prandtl number, thermophoresis parameter, and magnetic parameter on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are discussed graphically and numerically. Numerical calculations and graphs are used to illustrate the important features of the solution on fluid flow velocity, heat, and mass transfer characteristics under different quantities of parametric circumstances entering into the problem. Moreover, we computed the physical variables such as the coefficient of shear stress, rate of heat, and mass transfer. To establish the veracity of our present results, we compared them to previously published research and found substantial concordance.

Effects of axial distance on flow behaviours of continuous jet impinging on a flat surface using a finite confined nozzle

The velocity fields and impinging pressure characteristics of confined jet impinges on a flat surface subject to the influence of various axial stages of a flat plate were experimentally examined. The instantaneous flow patterns, time-averaged flow patterns and velocity characteristics, velocity histories, and impingement pressure distributions were obtained using flow visualisation, particle image velocimeter (PIV), hot-wire anemometer measurement, and pressure detection techniques, respectively. From the analysis of the flow patterns, three characteristics of flow regimes are identified – laminar vortical wake, transition, and turbulent vortical wake – in the domain of Reynolds number and jet-to-wall distance. In laminar vortical wake mode, a ‘fat' pair of counter-rotating vortices appears between the confining surface of the nozzle and the flat plate. This results in a large region of turbulent intensities due to the entrainment of the jet flow. In transition mode, shear-layer vortices appear on the shear layer of the bifurcated jet. In turbulent vortical wake mode, the large momentum of jet fluids impinges the flat plate and deflects radially. The counter-rotating vortices and shear-layer vortices no longer exist in the wake of the bifurcated jet. The large eddies quickly break up into small eddies as the momentum of the jet-dominated flow. No obvious peak value of oscillating frequency was detected in this flow mode along the shear layers of the bifurcated impinging jet. The momentum of the fluid structures is converted into stagnation pressure on the flat plate when a strong jet impinges on it; therefore, the impingement pressure is large, consequently. The impingement pressure in the mode of the turbulent vortical wake was significantly greater than that in the modes of laminar vortical wake and transition.

Experimental investigation of characteristics of turbulence induced by multiple oscillating grids

Experiments were conducted to systematically investigate the nearly homogeneous turbulence generated by multiple oscillating grids. Altogether 54 runs were completed by employing five different grids. For each run, four to nine layers of grids were installed, which were operated with different frequencies, strokes and grid spacings. The particle image velocimetry was used to obtain flow velocity characteristics. Instantaneous flow measurements reveal that the flow structure varies depending on the grid configuration. For regular grids, turbulent wakes of nearly uniform size were generally observed. In comparison, for double-scale grids, the size of wakes varied with the bar width. In the near-grid region, the horizontal distributions of Reynolds stresses are strongly influenced by the grid geometry, showing obvious inhomogeneity especially for wide bars. The inhomogeneity reduces as the distance from the grid increases. At the midplane between two neighboring grids, the flow characteristics appear similar for all grid configurations. The size of the region where the turbulence appears nearly homogeneous is affected by the grid spacing and stroke. Generally, the double-scale grid can produce a greater homogeneous region than the regular grid. This study shows that the decay law of turbulence intensity developed for a single oscillating grid can be successfully extended to multiple oscillating grids. In addition, a theoretical interpretation of the decay law is presented by considering the variation in the velocity and size of wakes when evolving away from the grid.

Characteristics of blood flow velocity in the radial artery and finger capillaries using magnetoplethysmogram and photoplethysmogram

The Hall element and optical sensor, which can detect the magnetic field change caused by the minute fluctuations of the permanent magnet according to the periodic movement of the radial artery and the light absorption and reflection intensity according to the change in wrist blood flow, respectively, are used as key elements in digital healthcare devices. The pulse waves of the radial artery inside the wrist were measured and analyzed using a clip-type pulsimeter, magnetoplethysmogram (MPG). The pulse wave, which is the change in blood flow obtained by photoplethysmogram (PPG), was measured on the dorsal side of the wrist or the fingers simultaneously with MPG. The ABFV (artery blood flow velocity) is a few ten cm/s as DH (distance between MPG and PPG) divided by ΔT(a) which is the time difference between the first peaks of MPG and PPG waveforms on the dorsal side of the wrist. The PBFV (peripheral blood flow velocity) is a few mm/s as LH (hand length) divided by ΔT(p), which is the time difference between the first peak of MPG waveform and the third peak PPG waveform on the finger. For four subjects of 20s, SPWV was approximately 0.98∼1.19 m/s, ABFV in the radial artery was approximately 0.40∼0.44 m/s, and finger capillary PBFV was approximately 6.3∼8.6 cm/s. These results show reasonable values similar to the blood velocity of many blood vessels flowing through the human body.

TPP-Based Microfluidic Chip Design and Fabrication Method for Optimized Nerve Cells Directed Growth

Microfluidic chips offer high customizability and excellent biocompatibility, holding important promise for the precise control of biological growth at the microscale. However, the microfluidic chips employed in the studies of regulating cell growth are typically fabricated through 2D photolithography. This approach partially restricts the diversity of cell growth platform designs and manufacturing efficiency. This paper presents a method for designing and manufacturing neural cell culture microfluidic chips (NCMC) using two-photon polymerization (TPP), where the discrete and directional cell growth is optimized through studying the associated geometric parameters of on-chip microchannels. This study involves simulations and discussions regarding the effects of different hatching distances on the mold surface topography and printing time in the Describe print preview module, which determines the appropriate printing accuracy corresponding to the desired mold structure. With the assistance of the 3D maskless lithography system, micron-level rapid printing of target molds with different dimensions were achieved. For NCMC with different geometric parameters, COMSOL software was used to simulate the local flow velocity and shear stress characteristics within the microchannels. SH-SY5Y cells were selected for directional differentiation experiments on NCMC with different geometric parameters. The results demonstrate that the TPP-based manufacturing method efficiently constructs neural microfluidic chips with high precision, optimizing the discrete and directional cell growth. We anticipate that our method for designing and manufacturing NCMC will hold great promise in construction and application of microscale 3D drug models.

Patterns of turbulent flow structures over dune shaped bed features under the influence of downward seepage

The research presents an experimental investigation on change in streamwise flow velocity and turbulent characteristics over a fixed dune shaped bed feature, in the presence and absence of downward seepage. Streamwise velocity, Reynolds Shear Stress (RSS), turbulent intensities, and third order correlation profiles are presented along the flow depth at eleven locations over the dune. Amplification in the values of streamwise velocities, RSS, and turbulent intensities has been observed at the initial sections on the stoss side as well as at the sections on the lee side of the dune under the influence of downward seepage. At the initial and lee side sections of the dune, average values of the streamwise velocity, RSS, and streamwise turbulent intensity along the depth of flow increase by ∼0.2 %−31 %, ∼9 %−50 %, and ∼2 %−30 % respectively, for the 10 % seepage condition as compared to the no seepage condition. For the 15 % seepage condition, there has been found an increase in these value values by ∼3 %−67 %, ∼52 %−150 %, and ∼35 %−43 % respectively, at the considered sections over the dune. Further, it has also been observed that under the influence of downward seepage, bed shear stress increases at the initialand lee side sectionsof the dune. Through the third order correlation studies, occurrence of rushing flow due to seepage was confirmed at the lee side and initial sections of the dune. Further analysis at the wake zone revealed a reduction in the values of second and third-order moments demonstrating greater streamwise flow of Reynolds stress and diffusion of vertical Reynolds stress in streamwise direction as a result of increased velocity owing to downward seepage. Results indicate that the introduction of seepage leads to the creation of large angled dunes with wake zone stretched in the flow direction as well as the same wake zone was found squeezed in the vertical direction.

Study on the incipient motion of deposited particles caused by hydraulic erosion in mining-induced fracture: Optimizing the process parameters of HET

Hydraulic erosion technology (HET) is a method of injecting a large amount of water into a blocked fracture to enhance its permeability. However, the incipient motion characteristics of the deposited particles in a fracture during hydraulic erosion are still unclear. This study conducted particle incipient motion experiments under the hydraulic conditions in a fracture, and investigated the particle incipient motion behavior and the variation in the characteristics of the threshold flow velocity with a change in the particle diameter. In addition, a new formula was developed to predict the threshold flow velocity of the deposited particle in the fracture, and the effects of fluid density, viscosity, and viscous sub-layer thickness on the threshold flow velocity were discussed. Furthermore, a method for optimizing the process parameters of HET was proposed. Results revealed that hydraulic erosion causes three particle motion states and four particle motion behavior in fractures. In addition, with an increase in the particle diameter, the threshold flow velocity first decreased and then increased. Further, increasing the fluid density and reducing the fluid viscosity were observed as two effective means for reducing the threshold flow velocity in fractures. Furthermore, an increasing fluid density was more sensitive to a reduction in the threshold velocity in fractures. These findings are expected to guide the optimization of the process parameters of HET.

Dimensionless Groups by Entropic Similarity: II-Wave Phenomena and Information-Theoretic Flow Regimes.

The aim of this study is to explore the insights of the information-theoretic definition of similarity for a multitude of flow systems with wave propagation. This provides dimensionless groups of the form Πinfo=U/c, where U is a characteristic flow velocity and c is a signal velocity or wave celerity, to distinguish different information-theoretic flow regimes. Traditionally, dimensionless groups in science and engineering are defined by geometric similarity, based on ratios of length scales; kinematic similarity, based on ratios of velocities or accelerations; and dynamic similarity, based on ratios of forces. In Part I, an additional category of entropic similarity was proposed based on ratios of (i) entropy production terms; (ii) entropy flow rates or fluxes; or (iii) information flow rates or fluxes. In this Part II, the information-theoretic definition is applied to a number of flow systems with wave phenomena, including acoustic waves, blast waves, pressure waves, surface or internal gravity waves, capillary waves, inertial waves and electromagnetic waves. These are used to define the appropriate Mach, Euler, Froude, Rossby or other dimensionless number(s)-including new groups for internal gravity, inertial and electromagnetic waves-to classify their flow regimes. For flows with wave dispersion, the coexistence of different celerities for individual waves and wave groups-each with a distinct information-theoretic group-is shown to imply the existence of more than two information-theoretic flow regimes, including for some acoustic wave systems (subsonic/mesosonic/supersonic flow) and most systems with gravity, capillary or inertial waves (subcritical/mesocritical/supercritical flow). For electromagnetic wave systems, the additional vacuum celerity implies the existence of four regimes (subluminal/mesoluminal/transluminal/superluminal flow). In addition, entropic analyses are shown to provide a more complete understanding of frictional behavior and sharp transitions in compressible and open channel flows, as well as the transport of entropy by electromagnetic radiation. The analyses significantly extend the applications of entropic similarity for the analysis of flow systems with wave propagation.

Research of the problems of heat conduction in fluids

In the fluid of the pipeline, the phenomena of heat convection, heat conduction, and radiation heat transfer occur between the pipeline and the outside world as well as between the pipeline and the inside. In the calculation of the relevant temperature and heat, we need to know the heat transfer coefficient, pipeline characteristic length, flow velocity, and other data to get the results. Based on previous research results, this paper will use Ansys software to explore the change law of heat transfer effect with various parameters. We can find that in the simulation, as the flow rate increases, the heating effect will become worse and worse.

Transition to turbulence in the wake of dandelion-like spoke disk

In order to solve the inevitable instability problem of dandelion-like unpowered aircraft, transient simulations are carried out for the transition to turbulence of the wake from stable to unstable stage under different Reynolds numbers, and the vortex mode characteristics presented by the vortex structure as the Reynolds number increases are identified. Furthermore, by monitoring the velocity and lift and drag coefficients at different positions in dandelion flow field, the spectral characteristics of flow velocity and aerodynamic coefficients in the turbulent phase triggered by extreme aerodynamic environment are revealed. Compared with solid disk, it is found that the bandgap structure is more conducive to expanding the stable flight threshold of the dandelion-like aircraft, that is, the canopy configuration has weakening effect on airflow fluctuations. In addition, an evaluation method for unsteady boundary Reynolds number and load capacity of a dandelion-like aircraft is presented. The proposed method aims to plan a reasonable number of filaments (or porosity) for further designing dandelion-like aircraft with flight stability and high load capacity under aerodynamic conditions at different Reynolds numbers.

Исследование оптическими методами явлений генерации брызг по типу "парашют" в природных и технических системах

This paper discusses the results of a detailed study of bag breakup spray fragmentation process obtained using various panoramic optical methods: shadow imaging and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) with high-speed video recording. The experiments were carried out in two fundamentally different configurations. When blowing the air flow above a deep-water layer, with the presence of large-scale waves on the surface, and vice versa in conditions of thin layers of liquid. Comparison of the results of observations demonstrated not only the general similarity of the evolution scenario, but also the dependences of the spatiotemporal scales of the process of fragmentation and the formation of droplets on the characteristic flow velocities according to the bag breakup events. This indicates the universal nature of the phenomena leading to the fragmentation and separation of drops from the surface of a liquid blown by a gas flow in natural and technical hydrodynamic systems of a wide class with scales varying over a wide range.

A Review of Numerical Simulation and Analytical Calculation Methods for the Study of Flow over a Wedge

Abstract: The study of flow over a wedge holds immense significance in diverse domains, encompassing aerodynamics and heat transfer applications. This research paper presents a comprehensive investigation of essential flow parameters, including pressure, temperature, velocity, and shock wave characteristics. Moreover, it offers a comparative analysis between analytical and numerical approaches for studying flow over a wedge. Theoretical analyses involve calculating vital parameters like pressure ratio and temperature ratio using 1-D inviscid compressible flow equations coupled with conservation laws for energy, mass, and momentum. On the other hand, the numerical investigation employs Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques, specifically the ANSYS Fluent CFD Code, to calculate a wide range of parameters and visualise the flow characteristics for the wedge geometry. In contrast, the ANSYS Fluent simulation employs 2-D inviscid compressible equations to conduct a detailed study of flow behaviour past the wedge geometry. Throughout the paper, the key flow parameters are meticulously analysed, taking into account both analytical and numerical results.

Effects of Fire Source Conditions on Vent Flow Velocity and Hot Gas Layer Characteristics in Two Rooms Connected by Vertical Opening

In this study, the effects of fire source conditions on the vent flow velocity and hot gas layer characteristics in two rooms (ROOM-I and ROOM-II) connected by a vertical opening (VO-I) were investigated experimentally. In ROOM-II, the vertical opening (VO-II) connected to the outside was installed. The fire sources were located at the centers of ROOM-I and ROOM-II, and the heat release rates were 1.32, 3.32, and 5.21 kW. Regarding the vent flow velocity, when the fire source was located in ROOM-I, the outflow of the hot gas and inflow of cold air occurred in the upper and lower parts of VO-I and VO-II, respectively, which were the same as those of VO-II when the fire source was located in ROOM-II. However, when the fire source was located in ROOM-II, the hot gas in the upper part of VO-I flowed out to ROOM-I and flowed again into ROOM-II. Additionally, the hot gas layer thickness and temperature rise in the fire and adjacent rooms were compared. In the fire room, the case where the fire source was placed in ROOM-I showed a thicker hot gas layer and a higher hot gas layer temperature rise than the case where the fire source was placed in ROOM-II. In the adjacent room, the case where the fire source was placed in ROOM-I showed a thinner hot gas layer and a higher hot gas layer temperature rise than the case where the fire source was placed in ROOM-II. The dependence of the hot gas layer temperature rise on the heat release rate was higher than that of the hot gas layer thickness.

Solute dispersion of Hershel-Bulkley fluid through an inclined artery

Different types of arteries in the human body possess inclinations that impact blood flow behavior and affect the effectiveness of medical treatments, such as intra-arterial injections that rely on accessing the bloodstream through these arteries. Hence, this present study analyses the behavior of blood flow and solute dispersion in an inclined artery while considering the Herschel-Bulkley model representing the blood rheology to investigate the influence of arterial inclination. The solutions for flow velocity and solute concentration are solved using the integration method. The Taylor-Aris method has been implemented to obtain effective axial and relative axial diffusion. This research investigates the impact of artery inclination on blood flow, solute dispersion characteristics (flow velocity, solute concentration, and axial diffusions), as well as explores the influence of gravitational acceleration on blood flow and solute dispersion behaviors. Results show that the angle of artery inclination directly influences the gravitational acceleration effect which correlates to the resulting flow velocity and solute dispersion. 90o and 270o inclination angle has the highest effect in increasing and decreasing the flow velocity, solute concentration and diffusions respectively. Meanwhile, 0o, 180o and 360o eliminate the gravitational acceleration effect on the flow behavior and dispersion process.