Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor For Vehicle Research Articles

Data-Driven-Model-Based Full-Region Optimal Mapping Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors in Wide Temperature Range

To improve the motor efficiency and expand the actual external characteristic region of electric vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive systems, the optimal operation of mapping torque to d-q axis current is usually applied. Nevertheless, it is difficult to deal with the complex mechanism factors such as parameter saturation and temperature change for the traditional optimization method based on the basic voltage equation of PMSM. In this paper, a black-box-model-based torque–current optimization method is proposed, which does not rely on any information of the inner mechanism model, and the derivative-free, optimal, improved Nelder–Mead Simplex(NMS) method is used to minimize the copper loss and maximize the electromagnetic torque in the flux-weakening region. Moreover, a synchronous online compensation of the electromagnetic torque and optimal current angle is implemented, in view of the time variation of permanent magnet flux with temperature. Finally, through a comparison experiment with the nominal-parameters-based formula maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) method, the proposed method achieves higher torque accuracy and better efficiency performance in a wide temperature range with regard to a reasonable response speed.

Current Control Method of Vehicle Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Active Disturbance Rejection Control

Due to the frequently changing working conditions and complex operating environment of electric vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM), the motor parameters change dramatically. However, the performance of the PI current regulator, which is the most widely used, is sensitive to motor parameters and has weak robustness, which will lead to the deterioration of motor control system performance. To address this problem, active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) technology is applied to the PMSM current loop control. Firstly, the traditional ADRC current regulator is designed, and the performance and parameter tuning laws of the extended state observer are analyzed by the method of frequency domain analysis. Then, the traditional ADRC algorithm is improved in three aspects: observation error compensation, utilization of model information and anti-windup. After that, simulations and bench test validation are performed. The simulation results show that the improved ADRC current regulator is more robust in the face of parameter changes. The torque step test results show that the improved ADRC current regulator has fast dynamic response without overshoot and has high robustness when the motor parameters change. The dynamic test results show that the improved ADRC current regulator has high robustness when the load, speed and motor parameters change, and the anti-windup measures designed can effectively overcome the integral saturation phenomenon.

Simulation, Verification and Optimization Design of Electromagnetic Vibration and Noise of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Vehicle

Aiming at the electromagnetic vibration and noise problem of an 8-pole 48-slot permanent magnet synchronous motor for a vehicle, the multi-physics coupling simulation model of the motor is introduced to optimize the rotor structure of the motor to reduce the vibration and noise of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The effectiveness of the research method is verified by the bench test in the anechoic chamber. Finite element software was used to establish the stator core and system model considering the anisotropy of materials, and the simulation model was verified by modal experiment. For the 2in1 electric drive system, the electromagnetic-structure-acoustic multi-physics coupling noise prediction model is established. Based on the three-dimensional distributed electromagnetic force excitation, the electromagnetic radiation noise of the motor under full load acceleration is calculated, and the characteristics of electromagnetic noise are analyzed. The accuracy of the electromagnetic-structure-acoustic multi-physics coupling model of permanent magnet synchronous motor is verified by the bench test results of the anechoic chamber. By changing the angle and shape of the motor rotor, the cogging torque ripple between the stator and the rotor is reduced, and the 48th order harmonic amplitude is reduced. Finally, the optimized sample is tested on the vehicle, and the 48th order electromagnetic noise can be reduced by 5–15 dB(A). The accuracy of the electromagnetic-structure-acoustic multi-physics coupling model of permanent magnet synchronous motor is verified by the bench test results of the anechoic chamber. Therefore, the research results can be further used for the design and development of a vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor and the research on the mechanism of electromagnetic vibration and noise.

Loss Prediction of Vehicle Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Deep Learning

Loss Prediction of Vehicle Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Deep Learning

Analysis and optimization of speed regulation ability with field weakening of the stator hybrid laminated remanufactured motor

To improve the efficiency, a 13 kW used vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor was remanufactured, whose stator core was replaced by a combination of amorphous alloy laminations and silicon steel laminations. But the speed regulation ability with field weakening of the remanufactured motor limits its development towards high speed direction. Taking the remanufactured motor as the object, based on the theory of speed regulation with field weakening, the maximum speed range was improved by increasing direct-axis inductance, and the structural optimization parameters affecting the direct-axis inductance were analysed. The two-dimensional inductance superposition method was proposed to calculate the direct-axis and quadrature-axis inductance of the remanufactured motor, and its accuracy and feasibility were verified by finite element simulation. The segmented structure of the V-type permanent magnet was used, and the motor structure was optimised from three aspects: the width and position of magnetic bridge and the magnetic pole implantation depth. The orthogonal experiments were designed to determine the best parameter combination. The results show that the direct-axis inductance of the optimised remanufactured motor is increased by 16.33%, and the performance of speed regulation with field weakening is improved significantly.

Investigation on the Effect of Dead Time on the Phase of Fundamental Voltage in VSI-PMSM Drive System

Both electric vehicle PMSM drive system and grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power generation need voltage source inverter (VSI). The dead time should be set properly when the power switches are turned on and off in the same bridge arm of VSI. During the dead time, the load is out of control, which will cause the abnormal output voltage amplitude and phase. However the influence of dead time on the output fundamental voltage phase has not been paid much attention to and studied. Firstly, in the paper, the phase shift of output fundamental voltage caused by dead time is simulated and analyzed for three-phase VSI - resistance inductance series (RL) load system under several conditions such as variable switching frequency, modulation index, output fundamental frequency and dead time. Secondly, take three-phase VSI - permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system for instance, the simulation analysis of output fundamental voltage phase shift and rotor positioning error caused by dead time are also performed, and an off-line method to compensate the fundamental voltage phase based on αβ coordinate is given. The above work provides a reference for further understanding the influence of dead time on fundamental voltage phase shift in VSI, so as to improve the monitoring and control precision of electric vehicle drive system. The analysis approach can be applicable to the grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power generation PMSM servo system.

Echo State Network for Extended State Observer and Sliding Mode Control of Vehicle Drive Motor with Unknown Hysteresis Nonlinearity

An echo state network (ESN) for extended state observer (ESO) and sliding mode control (SMC) of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in an electric vehicle system is investigated in this paper. For the PMSM model, most researches neglect the hysteresis loss and other nonlinear factors, which reduces the accuracy of the PMSM model. We present a modified PMSM model considering the hysteresis loss and then transform the new PMSM model to a canonical form to simplify the controller design. In order to deal with the hysteresis loss, an ESN is utilized to estimate the nonlinearity. Considering that some states cannot be directly obtained, an ESO with ESN is proposed to estimate unknown system states of the electric vehicle PMSM system. Afterwards, an SMC is adopted to control the closed-loop system based on the ESO with ESN, and a double hyperbolic function instead of the sign function is used to suppress the chattering of the SMC. The stabilities of the observer and the controller are all guaranteed by Lyapunov functions. Finally, simulations are presented to verify the validity of the echo state network for extended state observer and the neural network sliding mode control.

Magnetic material optimization for hybrid vehicle PMSM drives

The motivation of this analysis is the need of high efficiency and high power density permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives for use in electrical vehicle power trains. It is clear that the chosen electrical steel for the lamination stack plays an important role, but proper quantification is missing. The purpose of this paper is to formalize the problem of selecting the optimal steel grade for the construction of PMSM’s. This question is important to steel producers, not only for helping customers selecting the most appropriate existing grade for their application, but also for defining the strategic orientation of the further R&D of enhanced electrical steel grades. The notion of steel efficiency is defined and, after describing the FE implementation of iron loss models, a methodology for material optimisation is proposed.